Soaking In Distilled Water Research Articles

Does Putting Back Hyperostotic Bone Flap in Meningioma Surgery Cause Tumor Recurrence? An Observational Prospective Study

Replacing the skull defect with synthetic materials for hyperostotic bone secondary to meningioma is recommended owing to the possibility of tumor invasion. In our institution, neurosurgeons have been putting back the refashioned hyperostotic bone flap after meningioma excision because of budget constraints. The aim of this study was to review the long-term meningioma recurrence rate in these patients. This was a nonrandomized, prospective observational study conducted from September 2011 to January 2015 on patients with intracranial convexity and parasagittal meningiomas. Preoperative computed tomography brain scans were obtained in all patients to confirm bony hyperostosis. Intraoperatively, part of the hyperostotic bone was sent for histopathologic examination. The rest of the bone flap was refashioned by drilling off the hyperostotic part. The bone flap was put back over the craniotomy site after soaking in distilled water. All patients were followed up for tumor recurrence. The study included 34 patients with convexity or parasagittal meningioma World Health Organization grade I-II who underwent Simpson grade Ia and IIa excision. Median follow-up was 63.5 months (mean 64.9 ± 9.4 months). The hyperostotic bone flap showed presence of tumor in 35% of patients. There were 2 patients with parasagittal meningiomas after Simpson grade IIa resections who developed tumor recurrences. Our study found that meningioma recurrence was unlikely when autologous cranioplasty was done with refashioned hyperostotic bone. This could be done in the same setting with meningioma excision. There was no recurrence in convexity meningiomas at mean 5-year follow-up.

Influence of Composition of Zosteran–Boric Acid Supramolecular Complexes on the Efficiency of Growth Processes of Cereals

Background. Boron is recognized as an important trace element for the processes of functioning of higher plants. The role of boron is specific, it is an indispensable element of nutrition, without which the life of plants is impossible. The main source of boron for plant nutrition is boric acid, which in interstitial water is in the form of non-dissociated molecules and is characterized by rather low solubility and bioavailability. Pectin, which forms boric acid complexes with 1:1 and 2:1 molar ratios, can be used to transport boric acid to a plant. Determining the bioavailability of each of these complexes will optimize the process of boron fertilizers introduction.Objective. The aim of the paper is introduction of boron into plants in the form of supramolecular complexes of boric acid with pectin in order study of bioactivity of such complexes depending on their composition.Methods. Pectin was extracted from leaves of hydrobiont of Zostera marina. Distribution area of this higher plant in Ukraine is the Black Sea coast of the Odessa region. Test cultures of corn and wheat were used as the objects of the study of biological activity effect of zosteran-boron supramolecular complexes on the growth function of the root and the ground part. The mass of the root system and the ground part of the plant was measured according to original methodology in 96 hours after the experiment was started (seed soaking in distilled water for 24 h and in the solution of the supramolecular complex zosteran–boric acid for 72 h).Results. As a result of seed germination on the solutions of supramolecular complexes of different composition, it was found out that complexes have a significant activating effect on the growth processes of aboveground part of plants. It was demonstrated that the biological activity of solutions substantially depends on the nature of culture. Corn showed a higher overall biological activity of supramolecular complexes (up to 108%) compared with wheat (60%). Solution of the supramolecular complex of zosteran–boric acid in a 1:1 molar ratio was found to be effective for both cultures. Zosteran–boric acid complexes in the molar ratio of 2:1 did not demonstrate high biological activity.Conclusions. High biological activity (107.87% for corn and 60.35% for wheat) was demonstrated by complex with zosteran–boric acid mass ratio of 1:20. In such instance, the formation of zosteran–boric acid complexes with molar ratio of 1:1 is the most probable case. It is caused by smaller sizes and therefore better bioavailability of such complexes. Complexes with pectin-boric acid 2:1 molar ratio demonstrated lower biological activity (103.33% for corn and 11.18% for wheat). It can be explained by steric restrictions during penetration into the plant.

Bioorthogonal surface modified α-TCP-based bone filler for enhancement of apatite formation and bioactivity

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of click chemistry reactants on morphology and physico-chemical properties of alpha tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP)-based powders. The powders were synthesized by solid-state reaction. The powders were modified with azide and cycloalkyne to form triazole as a consequence of reactions of these molecules. The presence of the band related to the triazole ring and the click molecules in powder structure was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Liquid chromatography- mass spectroscopy (LC-MS) analyses. Based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations, the modified powder exhibited a different microstructure and morphology of apatite precipitates after one day and 7 days of soaking in distilled water and SBF solution, respectively, with respect to unmodified powder. According to the acellular in vitro test, X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns represented triple characteristic peaks of hydroxyapatite (HA) in modified powder compared with control. Besides, the tendency of conversion of α-TCP to HA is more enhanced for modified powder as well. The SEM analysis depicted the plate-like and needle-like morphology of HA on the surface of modified and control powders, respectively. Since plate-like morphology of HA enhances bone generation and is found in trabecular bone, therefore, a future design can be considered for triazole-modified α-TCP-based fillers as good candidates for bone substitute application.

Cost-effective and sustainable approach to transform end-of-life vinyl banner to value added product

Australian industry estimates 500 t of banners are land-filled every year due to its complex nature which makes recycling either difficult or an expensive process. This study details a new low-cost solution for waste Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) coated banners that does not require the separation of the PVC from the polyester fabric; overcoming a major barrier to recycling. End-of-life banner material was shredded with recycled cable material which improved the mix density and made material suitable for plastic manufacturing techniques. Life cycle analysis study proves that replacing virgin PVC by recycled PVC from banner emits 78% less kg CO2 equivalent. Both materials were characterized elementally and structurally using X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffraction techniques. A safe fabrication temperature (<200 °C) was determined using thermogravimetric analysis coupled with furrier transform infra-red spectroscope to prevent the generation of toxic gases. Composite panels were fabricated using hot press with various wt. % of banner and cable material. Panels were tested physically and mechanically and their performance in various possible environments was observed. Inductive Couple Plasma Mass Spectroscope also demonstrated no toxic elements were released from the panels after soaking in distilled water for 28 days. These results demonstrate that waste PVC-coated banners can be used to fabricate strong and durable composite panels for multiple indoor and outdoor applications and one example of final product is shown. Suggested use of waste PVC through this cost-effective and sustainable approach can stop 220–250 t of waste going to landfill every year in Australia.

An investigation of the soil seedbank and seed germination of perennial species in Belah (Casuarina pauper) woodlands in north-west Victoria

Semiarid and arid woodlands across much of southern Australia have been subject to prolonged high total grazing pressure leading to loss of species diversity and a lack of recruitment of long-lived perennial species. Regeneration of perennial species requires grazing pressure to be maintained at low levels, but gaps remain in our ecological understanding of regeneration potential. The present study investigated the abundance of germinable seed in the soil seedbank in high quality remnants of Casuarina pauper F.Muell. ex L.A.S.Johnson (Belah) woodlands in north-west Victoria. Seed viability and response to six seed pretreatments including dry heat, wet heat, smoky water, soaking in distilled water, cold stratification and sand scarification were also tested to determine whether seed factors may be limiting regeneration. Results suggest that seed viability was not a limiting regeneration factor for nine out of the 10 perennial species tested with the exception of Alectryon oleifolius S.T. Reynolds. Only small amounts of seed from perennial species, largely Chenopodiaceae species and C. pauper, were found in the soil seedbanks of intact sites, suggesting component perennial species do not maintain long-term soil seedbanks. Results suggest that natural recovery of perennial species diversity in depauperate sites will depend on seed dispersal.

EXPLORATION OF MORINGA LEAVES EXTRACT AS SEED SOAKING AND FOLIAR TREATMENT FOR FABA BEAN

Laboratory and field experiments were designed to investigate the influence of moringa leaves extract concentrations as seed soaking and foliar treatments on seed germination characters, field emergence, growth and yield as well as its attributes of faba bean (cv Sakha 1). Moringa leaves extract concentrations under study for both seed soaking and foliar treatments were (0, 5, 10 and 15 g/l). The results could be summarized as follows: Soaking faba bean seed in moringa leaves extract, generally recorded significant effect on all germination and seedling characters except germination (%). Soaking faba bean seed in moringa leaves extract (10 g/l) gave the highest values of field emergence (%), emergence index and seedling characters compared with soaking in distilled water. Moringa leaves extract as a seed soaking treatment had significant effect only on branch/m2 and seed yield (kg/fad). No significant differences of all characters under study were obtained between soaking seed in distilled water and soaking in moringa leaves extract concentration (5g/l). Application moringa leaves extract (10 g/l) as a foliar in the field, recorded the highest values of growth and yield characters compared with control. It could be concluded that seed soaking and foliar application of moringa leaves extract concentration (10 g/l) was a successful way to improve field emergence and seed yield of faba bean (cv. Sakha 1).

Seed germination of Phillyrea angustifolia L., a species of difficult propagation

Aim of study: The purpose was to determine the type of dormancy and the optimal germination conditions of Phillyrea angustifolia (Oleaceae) seeds.Area of study: Germination requirements of P. angustifolia seeds collected from wild plants growing in the province of Ávila (Central Spain) were studied.Materials and methods: Seed water uptake was measured. Seeds with and without an endocarp were germinated at different temperatures, and several treatments were tested.Main results: The lignified endocarp interferes mechanically with the emergence of the radicle, and the treatments that achieved the highest germination percentages were the total removal of the endocarp with pliers (84%) or the immersion in liquid nitrogen for 1 min (97%). Scarification with concentrated sulphuric acid did not significantly increase germination compared to the control seeds, and treatments with dry heat or wet heat were detrimental to seed germination. The optimum temperature for germination was 15 ºC. A pre-sowing treatment of soaking in distilled water for 24 h slightly increased germination speed. Neither cold stratification at 5 ºC nor soaking in a gibberellic acid solution improved seed germination. Research highlights: Phillyrea angustifolia seeds have physiological dormancy – that is, the embryo does not have enough growth potential to overcome the mechanical restriction of the lignified endocarp. The seeds do not exhibit physical dormancy, given their water-permeable lignified endocarp. Our results suggest that the optimum germination protocol for P. angustifolia would be the total removal of the endocarp or immersion in liquid nitrogen for 1 min, followed by immersion in distilled water for 24 h and then seed incubation at 15 ºC in light or darkness.

Salicylic acid as attenuator of drought stress on germination and initial development of sesame

ABSTRACT Sesame is an important crop in Northeast Brazil, where climate conditions require adapted genotypes and alternatives for plant defense against drought. This study aimed to evaluate the salicylic acid as drought attenuator in sesame genotypes. The experiment evaluated six genotypes (BRS Seda, CNPA-G2, CNPA-G3, CNPA-G4, LAG-Branquinha and LAG-Pretinha), five osmotic potentials (0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6 and -0.8 MPa) and three seed treatments (soaking in distilled water, in salicylic acid and no treatment). CNPA-G4 is tolerant to drought in the germination stage. Salicylic acid at 10-5 M induced tolerance to drought stress in sesame, but it is necessary to test other concentrations.

Estrategias para mejorar la germinación de semillas de Calyptrogyne ghiesbreghtiana (Linden y H. Wendland)

Because of the phytogenetic resources extraction and conservation interest, germination induction tests were carried out in the Calyptrogyneg ghiesbreghtiana (Linden & H. Wendland) species, known as guanito de taliz, a threatened species of the Arecaceae family. Greenhouse germination tests were performed using four treatments: immersion in 0.3% H 2 O 2 , 0.02% KNO 3 , 1% GA3 and distilled water soaking, all of them applied for a 24 h period on seeds without epycarpium; a control treatment on seeds with epycarpium was included. Another alternative used was the in vitro germination induction, using whole seeds and isolated embryos; to do so, each flask with three embryo or seeds in MS medium with sucrose added to 3% without growth regulators and solidified with Phytagel (2 gL-1). This was considered as an experimental unit. By evaluating the effect of chemical substances in C. ghiesbreghtiana seed germination, It was found that immersion in 0.3% H 2 O 2 solution resulted in the highest greenhouse germination percentage (84.59%), statistically different from the rest of the methods used and the control treatment. With regard to the rescue and culture of zygotic embryos under in vitro conditions, the best answer was observed with the complete isolated of embryos. In both strategies, it was really important to carry out the experiments with fresh seeds with no more than two weeks from collection, due to the loss of cell viability. The use of H 2 O 2 , under greenhouse conditions, implies an economical option for nurserymen and it can contribute to the production of plants for reforestation, as well as the use of embryo rescue technique to support conservation and wise use of the species.

Effects of Various Pre-Sowing Treatments on Seed Germination of Carob (Ceratonia Siliqua L.) From Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar Area (Balagrae, Al-Baida, Libya)

This study was conducted on a wild carob genotype grown in Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar area (Balagrae, Al-Baida, Libya). Seeds belonging to three individual trees chosen at random were collected. Seven different pre-sowing treatments (soaking in distilled water, boiling water 100C, soaking in sulphuric acid, mechanical scarification, mechanical scarification & soaking in distilled water, mechanical scarification & soaking in sulphuric acid and untreated seeds) were applied and examined for their effectiveness to stimulate carob seed germination. The results showed that mechanical scarification & soaking in distilled water treatment was the most effective method in increasing the germination percentage by (94.33%) compared to untreated seeds (5.99%). Mechanical scarification & soaking in distilled water treatment significantly decreased the mean germination time value (MGT) by (2.83 days). An MGT value was significantly higher in control treatment (23.22 days).

Seed dormancy and dormancy‐breaking methods in Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. (Poaceae)

AbstractLeymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. is a perennial grass with high productivity and forage value; however, poor stand establishment, often due to seed dormancy, limits its widespread use for forage production. To investigate the mechanism of seed dormancy and to develop effective methods of improving germination, the contribution of each part of the caryopsis to dormancy was investigated, and a number of single or combined dormancy‐breaking pre‐treatments were conducted using three seed lots. The palea, lemma, pericarp/testa, and endosperm all contributed to seed dormancy. The contribution of each part to dormancy was 23·4%, lemma; 6·2%, palea; 28·4%, pericarp/testa; and 42·0%, endosperm. Hull (palea and lemma) removal, pericarp/testa piercing, and soaking in distilled water or 30% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) significantly decreased the percentage of dormant seeds (i.e. increased germination). Treating hull‐removed and pericarp/testa‐pierced seeds with gibberellic acid (GA3) also significantly decreased the percentage of dormant seeds. Compared with each of the single pre‐treatments, the combined pre‐treatment of pre‐soaking in water for 1 d, then 30% NaOH for 60 min and treating with 300 μm GA3 resulted in the highest germination (89%); and seed viability was 91%.

Dormancy imposed by a tough seed coat in Malvella sherardiana (Malvaceae), a highly threatened species of Spain

Malvella sherardiana (L.) Jaub & Spach (Malvaceae) is a perennial herbaceous plant listed as Vulnerable in the Red List of threatened plant species for Spain. The germination characteristics under controlled conditions of light and temperature of M. sherardiana seeds were studied. Mechanical scarification, cold stratification, liquid nitrogen, freezing, hot water, dry heat, sulphuric acid, soaking in distilled water and soaking in gibberellic acid were used as pre-sowing treatments applied for enhancing germination. The untreated seeds showed a high dormancy at all temperature regimens tested and sulphuric acid scarification drastically improved final germination percentage and germination rate. Germination of seeds soaked in concentrated sulphuric acid arithmetically increased as soaking time increased (from 5 min to 3 h), but seeds soaked in acid for more than 4 h failed to germinate. The application of a gibberellic acid solution (1000 mg l−1) increased the germination percentages for all tested soaking times in sulphuric acid. However, it was only significantly effective for the soaking time of 3 h. The other pre-sowing treatments resulted in some germination, but none resulted in greater germination than sulphuric acid. As embryos are fully developed and the seed coat is water permeable, we conclude that M. sherardiana seeds present physiological dormancy. The main conclusion of the study is that dormancy of M. sherardiana seeds is attributed to mechanical restriction of the embryo caused by the tough seed coat. This is the first report on germination requirements of the Malvella genus.

Effect of Naphthalene Acetic Acid on the Adventitious Rooting in Shoot Cuttings ofAndrographis paniculata(Burm.f.) Wall. ex Nees: An Important Therapeutical Herb

Andrographis paniculatais one of the most important therapeutical herbs, widely used in traditional medical systems for the treatment of diverse diseases for thousands of years. This study was carried out to assess the effect of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) on adventitious rooting inA. paniculatashoot cuttings. The cuttings were treated with six concentrations of NAA (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 mM) by applying soaking method and cuttings without hormone (soaking in distilled water) were considered as control. The cuttings were then inoculated into peat moss in the planting tray and incubated under complete shade for root induction. Water was sprayed on peat moss once daily to moisten it. The results showed that different concentrations of NAA significantly (P≤0.05) affected the rooting characteristics ofA. paniculataand 2.5 mM of NAA was found to be more effective to induce rooting in young apical shoot (YAS) cuttings compared to other concentrations and old apical shoot (OAS). This study also postulates that adventitious rooting response depends on the juvenility of plant material and concentration of growth regulator. This report describes a technique for adventitious rooting inA.paniculata, which could be feasible to use for commercial scale propagation of this plant.

Effect of chemicals as pre-drying treatments on production of quality dry flowers in carnation

Various chemical pretreatments have been tried on carnation flowers during the year 2014 at College of Horticulture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad to improve the quality of flowers after drying. Effects of seven pre drying chemical treatments, viz., T1-Soaking in sodium bisulphite (1%) solution for 30 min, T2-Soaking in sodium bisulphite (2%) solution for 30 min, T3-Soaking in magnesium chloride (5%) solution for 5 h, T4-Soaking in magnesium chloride (10%) solution for 5 h, T5-Soaking in magnesium sulphate (5%) solution for 4 h, T6-Soaking in magnesium sulphate (10%) solution for 4 h and T7-Control (Soaking in distilled water for 30 min) were tested on the flowers of carnation cv. Harvey in Completely Randomized Design with four replications. Pretreated flowers were embedded in borax + silica gel (1: 1, v/v) mixture and dried in hot air oven at 55± 1°C. The results showed non significant differences in carnation dry flower weight, dry flower diameter, percent moisture loss and time taken to dry. Maximum score for colour (3.17) shape (2.67), texture (3.25), brittleness (3.42), overall acceptability (3.70) and total carotenoid content (80.72 μg/g) was recorded with the pre drying treatment of magnesium chloride (10%) for 5 h. Least score for colour (1.95), shape (1.70), texture (1.52), overall acceptability (0.20) and total carotenoid content (17.86 μg/g) was observed with flowers treated with sodium bisulphite (2%) for 30 min (0.10). Least score for brittleness was observed when flowers of cv. Harvey treated with distilled water for 30 min (1.57) and was on par when flowers of cv. Harvey treated with sodium bisulphite (2%) for 30 min (1.77).

Evaluation of several methods for breaking dormancy of bitter vetch seeds (Vicia ervilia L.)

Abstract This study analysed the effects of different treatments on breaking dormancy and germination of bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia L.) freshly harvested seeds for seeding immediately. Partial scarified seeds (30 seconds with sandpaper) were subjected to different treatments including: GA3 (250, 500 and 750 ppm), KNO3 (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% w/v), cold stratification (2, 4 and 6 days), sulfuric acid (25, 50 and 75 seconds), hot water (90°C; for 2.5 and 5 minutes), hydropriming via seed soaking in distilled water (4 and 8 hours) and mechanical scarification. Among the mentioned treatments, cold stratification for 6 days had a best effect on germination related parameters final germination percentage, mean germination time and vigour indexthan the other periods. In contrast to scarification with acid and hot water, mechanical scarification improved germination parameters but this effect was lower than the cold stratification. The results suggest that bitter vetch seed has both physical and physiological dormancy.

Mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) species on economically important fruit crops in Sri Lanka

Canavalia brasiliensis has a great potential as green manure in Brazilian Savanna. The species gives nitrogen to subsequent crops and produces excellent dry matter. On the other side, even under suitable environment conditions, several seeds don’t germinate due to the impermeable seed coat. This trial aimed to identify different treatments for dormancy breaking. Some scrub methods were tried: a) manual removal of distal portion of the seed, with or without distilled water soaking; 19 seed immersion on boiling water for 30, 60, 180, 300 and 600 seconds; e) seed immersion on H 2 SO 4 for 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 minutes; d) thermal impact (24 h at 25 0C followed by 24 h at 5°C or 40°C, then returning to 25°C); e) alcohol immersion for 5, 15, 30 and 60 min.; f) control. Treatments that provided better germination were: removal of distal portion with and without water soaking (99.6 and 99.2% germination, respectively), H 2 SO 4 for 60 min. (95.9%) and boiling water for 60 and 30 sec (97.7 and 94.8% germination, respectively). KEY-WORDS: Green manure; savanna; leguminosae .

A new seed coat water-impermeability mechanism in Chaetostoma armatum (Melastomataceae): evolutionary and biogeographical implications of physiophysical dormancy

AbstractDetermining the phylogenetic and biogeographic distribution of physical dormancy remains a major challenge in germination ecology. Here, our goal was to describe a novel water-impermeable seed coat mechanism causing physical dormancy (PY) in the seeds of Chaetostoma armatum (Melastomataceae). Although seed coat permeability tests indicated a significant increase in seed weight after soaking in distilled water, anatomical and dye-tracking analyses showed that both water and dyes penetrated the seed coat but not the embryo, which remained in a dry state. The water and dye penetrated the lumen of the exotestal cells, which have a thin outer periclinal face and thickened secondary walls with U-shaped phenolic compounds. Because of this structure, water and dye do not penetrate the inner periclinal face of the exotestal cells, indicating PY. Puncturing the seeds increased germination more than tenfold compared to that of the control, but GA3 did not increase germination further. A significant fraction of the seeds did not germinate after puncturing, indicating that embryos are also physiologically dormant (PD). This paper constitutes the first report of the water-impermeable seed coat in the Myrtales and the first report of physiophysical (PD+PY) dormancy in a shrub from a tropical montane area.

Seed germination behaviour as influenced by pre-sowing treatments in khirni

An experiment was carried out to study the germination behaviour of khirni seeds as affected by different pre-sowing treatments. Prior to sowing in soil media, the seeds were subjected to the following eight treatments viz., seed soaking in distilled water, GA3 (100, 200 ppm), thiourea (1, 2%), potassium nitrate (1, 2%) and control (without soaking) for 36 hours. Among the different treatments, significantly high germination, germination index, peak value and germination value were recorded for seeds treated with 100 ppm GA3. Earliest emergence of seedlings was observed in the seeds soaked in 2% KNO3 whereas the mean daily germination, seed vigour and germination energy were highest for seeds soaked in 200 ppm GA3. Therefore, GA3 (100 or 200 ppm) may be recommended to be used for improving seed germination of M. hexandra.

Seed quality test methods of Paeonia suffruticosa

In order to optimize the testing methods for Paeonia suffruticosa seed quality, and provide basis for establishing seed testing rules and seed quality standard of P. suffruticosa. The seed quality of P. suffruticosa from different producing areas was measured based on the related seed testing regulations. The seed testing methods for quality items of P. suffruticosa was established preliminarily. The samples weight of P. suffruticosa was at least 7 000 g for purity analysis and was at least 700 g for test. The phenotypic observation and size measurement were used for authenticity testing. The 1 000-seed weight was determined by 100-seed method, and the water content was carried out by low temperature drying method (10 hours). After soaking in distilled water for 24 h, the seeds was treated with different temperature stratifications of day and night (25 degrees C/20 degrees C, day/night) in the dark for 60 d. After soaking in the liquor of GA3 300 mg x L(-1) for 24 h, the P. suffruticos seeds were cultured in wet sand at 15 degrees C for 12-60 days for germination testing. Seed viability was tested by TlC method.

Tetrazolium test for viability estimation of Eugenia involucrata DC. and Eugenia pyriformis Cambess. seeds

The study aimed to adapt the tetrazolium test methodology to assess the viability of seed of Eugenia involucrata DC. (cherry) and E. pyriformis Cambess. (uvaia) freshly harvested and stored. Three lots of seeds of both species were used, being I (freshly harvested), II (stored for 15 days) and III (stored for 30 days). Seeds (lot I) of both species were immersed in distilled water for 24 hours and submitted to four preparation methods: whole seeds without seed coat and with ¾ of seed coat; longitudinally cut with and without seed coat (immersed in 0.1% tetrazolium for 4 hours). The most suitable preparation method was applied to the remaining lots, where three tetrazolium concentrations were tested: 0.075, 0.1 and 0.5% and three immersion time periods: 2, 4 and 6 hours. The tetrazolium test results were compared to the germination results. For the conduction of the tetrazolium test in seeds of both species we recommend soaking in distilled water by 24 hours and cut lengthwise on seeds with the seed coat. For cherry, the seeds should be immersed in 0.5% tetrazolium solution for 2 hours. For uvaia seeds, additional studies are recommended.