Distant People Research Articles

Вербализация концепта «красота» во фразеологических единицах и паремиях эрзянского и финского языков

The growing interest in concepts in cognitive linguistics highlights the relevance of studying the concepts of beauty in different cultures. The purpose of the article is to study the semantic features of the expression of this concept in the Erzya and Finnish languages based on a comparative analysis of phraseological units and paroemias. The concept of beauty is universal, and its perception and evaluation vary depending on cultural and social factors, which makes its analysis important for understanding the worldview of two distant peoples. The material for the study was phraseological units and paroemias representing the concept of "beauty", obtained as a result of using the continuous sampling method from specialized dictionaries and collections. The study showed that the verbalization of beauty in the analyzed languages reflects a multifaceted attitude to this concept. Based on a common semantic feature, we have identified four groups of phraseological units and paroemias describing external and internal beauty, deceptive properties of beauty, as well as a critical attitude to appearance. The etymological analysis of the basic lexemes was also carried out during the study. The article demonstrates that the concepts of beauty in the Erzya and Finnish languages not only differ, but also illustrate the unique cultural values of the two peoples. The results of the work can be useful for teaching Finno-Ugric languages, as well as for ethnolinguistic research and intercultural communication.

Social Distance and Affection: A Negative, Negative Correlation

AbstractAltruistic behavior is a function of social distance, but why do individuals put others at a particular distance? Social distance is a multidimensional concept, and affection is one of its dimensions. This study evaluated whether there is a negative correlation between social distance and an affection rating. As the affection report allowed the participants to give negative valuations to the people on the list, the study also evaluated whether participants gave negative values to distant people. Colombian University students and young professionals created a social distance list with a variation of the open-field procedure. Then, they gave the people on the list an affection rating between -100 and 100. We found a negative correlation between the positions on the social distance list and the affection ratings. Participants gave affection similarly to how most participants in social discounting research give money, discounting hyperbolically. Furthermore, some participants gave negative affection ratings to distant people on the list. Affection partially explains why individuals put others on a social distance list in different positions.

Losses and support in the grieving process –– pastoral and media context

The loss of a close person is accompanied by various emotional, cognitive, behavioural, physical, spiritual and social reactions. The process of grieving therefore has an impact not only on the course of grief, bereavement itself, and the perception of losses, but also on the human being generally. In accordance with experts, grieving after a loved one who died of the virus that causes COVID-19 is specific. In most cases, it is characterized by a lack of personal contact with a seriously ill person due to infection and quarantine measures during hospitalization, and later a characteristic ban on personal farewells or touching due to the potential threat of infection. In addition, this specifics is accompanied by reflections on how the infection occurred in the first place, or anger at the lost person for not being careful enough, or anger at the health system that provided help to the sick loved one. The paper takes into account the aforementioned as a starting point for the presentation of grief and bereavement, which also takes place in the space of social media during the pandemic. The article seeks to contribute to the overall concept of pastoral bereavement support and contemporary digital support for grief and bereavement. It can be achieved by presenting the possibilities of online support for mourners in the context of the French philosopher Vladimir Jankélévitch's (1977) relational model of death. Rabatel and eventually Floréa referred to this issue and started the research on the announcement of death in the media. The goal of such studies was to show that the conventional media focuses on the death of distant people that "doesn’t concern us" (i.e., "third person death"), whereas new technologies give the opportunity and space to talk about the death of close people (i.e., "second person death") as well as one's own death (i.e., "first person death"). The text presents the online space as a place where pastoral care and accompanying the mourners or grieving men is not only possible but also beneficial.

The production of ‘From Our Own Correspondent’ on BBC Radio 4: A popular geopolitical analysis

AbstractThe production of radio, a medium with the power to shape listeners' geographical imaginations, has received little attention in geography, particularly in comparison to visual media such as photography, television and film. This paper redresses this imbalance by examining the production of From Our Own Correspondent (FOOC), one of BBC Radio 4's longest‐running programmes which has broadcast dispatches from journalists around the world since 1955. It explores the representational power of FOOC to script the world for listeners by constructing geographical imaginaries of distant people and places; interrogates who ‘Our’ correspondents are and the structures which underpin whose voices are heard; and reveals the concealed practices, spatialities and temporalities which shape the programme's production and geopolitical scripts it broadcasts. In doing so, the paper makes a significant and timely contribution to popular geopolitics, a subfield of political geography which has traditionally focused on deconstructing geopolitical discourses and imaginaries in ‘texts’, at the expense of investigating where, how and why media are ‘made’. It draws on original interviews conducted with FOOC's presenter, two producers and four correspondents, and reflects on what the programme's production reveals about how FOOC understands, conceptualises and portrays the world. By exploring FOOC, the paper offers important insights into the hidden geographies of production which govern BBC radio journalism as a sonic medium of popular geopolitics.

Explaining Mythical Composite Monsters in a Global Cross-Cultural Sample

Abstract Composite beings (“monsters”) are those mythical creatures composed of a mix of different anatomical forms. There are several scholarly claims for why these appear in the imagery and lore of many societies, including claims that they are found near-universally as well as those arguments that they co-occur with particular sociocultural arrangements. In order to evaluate these claims, we identify the presence of composite monsters cross-culturally in a global sample of societies, the Standard Cross-Cultural Sample. We find that composite beings are not universal, and that their presence or absence co-varies most significantly with social stratification and transportation technology. This supports hypotheses that the cultural evolution of composite monsters is driven by human concerns with social distinctions within societies as well as increased contact with distant peoples.

Utilization and challenges of ‘Swasthya Ingit’ services faced in a district of West Bengal, India: a mixed methods approach

Abstract Background: “Telemedicine” is used to provide accessible, quality healthcare to distant people. Globally and also in India, telemedicine was implemented and accelerated during the COVID-19 pandemic. In West Bengal, telemedicine is known as “Swasthya Ingit.” The purpose of the study was to find out the utilization of Swasthya Ingit and to explore challenges faced by community health officers (CHO) and medical officers during consultation in a hub of South 24 Parganas in West Bengal. Materials and Methods: A descriptive record-based, cross-sectional approach with convergent parallel mixed methods was undertaken for 3 months (May–July 2023). A total of 6,775 consultations with Swasthya Ingit was used for quantitative purpose. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2019 by suitable descriptive statistics. An in-depth interview was conducted for the qualitative strand, and the data were analyzed thematically. Results: A total of 6,775 Teleconsultations were given, of which 76% were utilized by South 24 Parganas district. The maximum consultation was provided to the Baruipur block. Of the attended patients, 71% were female, 73% were adults, and 37% suffered from noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). During the consultation, CHO identified network issues, overburden, lack of workforce resources, and target achievement. Conclusion: Most of the population of South 24 Parganas utilized teleconsultation for NCDs. Lifestyle modification is necessary, along with medication, to combat the then-on-communicable disease burden. The thematic analysis revealed challenges faced by CHO—CHO overburdened with work, weak network issues, pressure of target achievement, and lack of workforce and resources.

The electrophysiological characteristics of social exclusion: the perspective of close and distant relationships.

The sources of social exclusion are very wide, ranging from the closest people to strangers. However, current studies mainly reveal the electrophysiological characteristics of social exclusion by means of binary comparison between social exclusion and social inclusion, and lack of in-depth analysis of the differences caused by different sources of exclusion. In this study, a static passing ball paradigm system including close and distant relationship identity information was used to reveal the electrophysiological characteristics of individuals when they were excluded by people with different close and distant relationships. The results showed that there was a degree effect of P2, P3a, and LPC components when individuals were excluded by people with different close and distant relationships. Specifically, the amplitude of P2, P3a, and LPC components was larger when individuals were excluded by more distant people. The results indicated that individuals would become more alert and perceive stronger exclusion experience when they were excluded by more distant people, which provided more diversified evidence for the conclusion that electrophysiological components were larger under the condition of exclusion, and revealed the electrophysiological basis behind the multiple motivation models. The results also helped to explain the physiological reasons behind individuals' different coping behaviors toward excluder with different importance of relationship.

University Studies for Female Students in Iraq and its Impact on Their Behavior and Thought (University of Tikrit as a Model)


 
 
 
 University studies have a great impact on building an individual’s personality, whether male or female, but female’s personality changes and crystallizes more at this stage for our society as an Eastern society, for it is the first openness and mixing with strangers and distant people for the girl and blending with new cultures that leave a clear imprint on the girl’s thought and behavior. As for the boy, he may have mixing with many other people and societies other than his surrounding environment, and this is, of course not available for the girl before entering the university in our eastern society.
 
 
 
 
 Since the university life for the girl had this effect and contribute to building her thinking and shaping her attitudes, behaviors and values, it was imperative to shed light on this part of the girl’s life in order to identify the positive and negative aspects of the girl’s university study, in an attempt to enhance and develop the positive aspects and to curb and limit the negative aspects, as well as to identify some of the legal issues related to university studies for a girl.

YOLO Based Real Time Human Detection Using Deep Learning

Person identification which has been widely used in computer vision and one of the difficult applications employed in a variety of fields such autonomous vehicles, robots, security tracking, aiding visually impaired people, etc. As deep learning quickly developed, numerous algorithms strengthened the link between video analysis and visual comprehension. The goal of all these algorithms, regardless of how their network architectures operate, is to find many people inside a complicated image. The freedom of movement in an unknown environment is restricted by the absence of vision impairment, thus it is crucial to use modern technologies and teach them to assist blind people whenever necessary. We provide a system that will identify all potential daily multiple people and then prompt a voice to inform the user about both nearby and distant people.

Co-CEP: A co-designed community engagement protocol as a catalyst for cybersecurity research in Africa: The case of northern Namibia

Through technology, the world has become a global village, connecting geographically distant people into virtual neighbors. This presents many opportunities for individuals, businesses, and remote communities. The advantages of this connectivity have been brought to the fore by COVID-19, as technology and the Internet kept the world connected and functioning. However, in Africa, although much has been done on connecting the unconnected, there remains rural underserved communities. Notwithstanding the benefits of technology and the Internet, the cyber-safety and cybersecurity of those communities living on the fringes of society – rural underserved communities – is unknown. Consequently, many researchers, noting the benefits of technology, have embarked on ICT for Development projects (ICT4D). However, community based ICT4D projects have been failing due to myriad of factors. Some such factors are engagement misalignment, cultural faux pas’, communication, power dynamics and community-buy-in of end-products. With the propensity to circumvent the shortcomings indicated above, Participatory Design (PD) processes may be utilized. Co-design extends PD by allowing researchers and participants to be equals in the creation of solutions to problems contrary to traditional research approaches, that abstract researchers from the community within which they work. As an effort to address these challenges, we present a co-designed community engagement protocol (co-CEP) for rural underserved communities in Northern (Oukwanyama), Namibia. This study was qualitative, guided by Ubuntu and Uushiindaism tenets of trust, neighbourliness, respect, familiarity, hospitality, and collective unity as pillars of fostering communication within 4 villages in Oukwanyama, Namibia. The aim was to understand the concepts of how information flows in order to get engagement from community members for cybersecurity research. We held 4 co-design sessions in 4 villages, with each feeding into the next. The presented co-CEP comprises of 13 elements that are key to successful community engagement within community-based technology projects, especially cybersecurity research. The co-CEP is part of a research study on co-designing cybersecurity practices with rural underserved communities.

From the Alps to the Mediterranean and beyond: genetics, environment, culture and the "impossible beauty" of Italy.

Since prehistoric times, Italy has represented a bridge between peoples, genes and cultures. Its peculiar geographical position explains why: it is located in the center of the Mediterranean Sea, flanked by the Balkans and the Hellenic Peninsula to the east, Iberia to the west and surrounded by North Africa to the south and central Europe to the north. This makes Italy of extraordinary interest for the study of some different aspects of human diversity. Here we overview current knowledge regarding the relationships between the structure of the genetic variation of Italian populations and the geographical, ecological and cultural factors that have characterized their evolutionary history. Human presence in Italian territory is deeply rooted in the past. Lithic artifacts produced by the genus Homo and remains of Homo sapiens are among the earliest to have been found on the continent, as shown by the lithic industry of Pirro Nord (between 1.3 and 1.6 Mya) and the dental remains of the "Grotta del Cavallo" (between 45 and 43 Kya). Genetic and genomic studies relating to existing and extinct human groups have shed light on the migrations from Europe, Africa and Asia that created the ancient layers of the genetic structure of today's Italian populations, especially before the Iron Age. The important role of isolation (genetic and cultural) in shaping genetic structure is clearly visible in the patterns of intra- and inter-population diversity observed among Italian ethno-linguistic minorities that settled on the peninsula and on the major islands until the 19th century. Finally, selective pressures have likely driven the distribution of originally adaptive variants and haplotypes that now confer protection or susceptibility to major diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease (in northern Italy) and tuberculosis and leprosy (in the south). What emerges is a picture where the combined effects of migration, isolation and natural selection generated by the interplay of geography, environment and culture have shaped a complex pattern of human diversity that is unique in Europe and which goes hand in hand with today's rich animal and plant biodiversity. In a nutshell, scientific evidence and cultural heritage paint Italy as a place with extremely diverse environments where distant peoples have met since the deep past, bringing and sharing genes and ideas.

Education TV's website that guides today's student community

Language was needed to communicate with one another when human society emerged on earth. In ancient times, language was understood through gestures and sounds. Human society brought language into written form to continue civilizing. That script was also transformed into hieroglyphics, syllables, scripts, etc., and changed to the scriptwriting system we use today. We needed a medium to communicate with distant people. In the early days, it was also communicated by writing. It wrote on barks, clay tablets, pottery tiles, animal skins, and clothes. As the knowledge of human society expanded, so did his discoveries. After the discovery of paper, mankind wrote everything on paper as the medium of letters. Human society communicated through it. As the time of writing on paper gradually became obsolete, writing on a computer became new with the development of technology. There was only a letter to contact those far away that day. The telegraph came because of the technological revolution. The phone arrived. The radio came on. Television also came. As a result of the information technology revolution, the internet, a medium that surpassed all this, came into being. The website swallowed up everything that had previously been used for communication separately. Do you want to send a letter to someone? Want to talk to someone in some corner of the world? Want to listen to the radio? Even if there is no television at all, do you want to know what's happening in other countries? The website has been transformed into a time mirror that shows everything. Various literature is being created in Tamil on such a website. Originally created for the communication of various types of information, the website today has a deep footprint on all platforms. It is also doing the work of educating the students. No one learns anything at birth and comes back. Everyone learns language, mathematics, science, society, etc. during their student days. Today, websites have created a situation where even going to school can be done from home. In this context, the Tamil Nadu Government's Education TV, which broadcasts educational programmes for students, also has a website. This article aims to examine whether the website has similar functionalities for today's student community.

The Impact of Positivity and Parochial Altruism on Protective Behaviours during the First COVID-19 Lockdown in Italy.

Implementation of COVID-19 protective behaviours, such as social distancing or frequent hand washing during the lockdown, was critical to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this cross-sectional study, we examined the effect of positivity and parochial altruism on implementing COVID-19 health-protective behaviours during the Italian lockdown. A sample of 460 participants completed an online questionnaire that included demographic measures, Positivity Scale and COVID-19 measures of health-protective behaviours. To measure parochial altruism, we used a hypothetical dictator game played with others who could vary in their social distance from the participants. Results showed that participants in the hypothetical game gave more money to parents and siblings than to best friends, cousins, neighbours, and strangers. Furthermore, both positivity and parochial altruism (more altruism toward close vs. distant people) were positively associated with implementing hygiene behaviours but not with social distancing. Finally, mediation analysis showed that increases in parochial altruism mediated the effect of positivity on hygiene behaviour. These findings extend knowledge about the factors beyond the implementation of COVID-19 health-protective behaviours during a lockdown situation.

Design Research of Wearable Soft Avatar Robot for Interactive Social Presence

With the increase in online interaction between distant people, wearable avatar robots are expected to be used in a wide range of daily situations. Soft robotics is highly applicable as a method to achieve this. In this study, we define the design requirements for the daily use of wearable soft avatar robots based on design surveys and cross-field academic research. In addition, we implement prototypes using an inflatable robot and summarize the future issues.

An improved crowd detection system using text and image filtration methods for precautions from COVID-19

The text feature is an important descriptive feature of many image analysis applications. Objectives of this study aim to determine the different texture characteristics of them estimation and calculation of population density. In this paper, we have various reviews of the texture and their own have been extensively reviewed, a different combination that is possible to test their effectiveness in crowds of pedestrians. Divide into two categories and retreat. A framework has been proposed to evaluate performance of all aspects of the density coefficient of human density as well to count. According to the framework, the input images are categorized into blocks and blocks into cells of different sizes, having various levels of overcrowding. Because of a distorted view of people, people's visibility near the camera contributes greatly to this feature vector than distant people. Therefore, the features released are usually using a standard visual map of the scene. In the first stage, picture blocks are classified using multiple classes SVM has been at a different level of congestion. In the second phase Gaussian Process Deactivation is used to restore undoing low-level features for calculation. Various texture features and their possible combinations checked on publicly available dataset.

Information-communication Chaos: Trump's Communication Models as a Matrix of Action of Balkan Politicians

Donald Trump's term as President of the United States was marked by, among others: nationalism, populism, rejection of democracy, political arbitrariness, exclusivity towards racial and national minorities, xenophobia expressed towards immigrants, but also close (Mexicans) and distant peoples (Chinese), forcing divisions in American society, misogyny, spreading misinformation in all spheres and especially during the pandemic, belittling the attitude towards intellectuals, and especially constantlycalling out and insulting journalists. Injustice towards media houses and journalists did not stop during the entire term of Donald Trump, who called them 'fake news media' and 'enemy of the people, thus turning the public against them and creating big problems for them, which resulted in open violence during police protests. the assassination of African-American George Floyd, but also in the attack on Capitol Hill. All of these terms, along with some other features of his rule in domestic and foreign policy, are encompassed by a common denominator called ‘trumpism’. Although he was defeated in 2020 presidential election, his legacy remained significantly present in American society, but also outside it - on the American and Asian continents, but also in Europe, and especially in the Balkans. Using qualitative content analysis and comparative analysis of Donald Trump's communication model, especially in his relationship with political opponents, media houses and journalists, and the communication model of Balkan politicians, this paper deals with information and communication matrices that have been very successfully accepted and perfected by some politicians. Balkans through a special review of the spread of 'information disorder' in its three manifestations - misinformation, misinformation, and misinformation.

Between Exoticism and Ethnomusicology: Musical Representations of Greenland and India on European Interwar Radio

ABSTRACT In this article, I investigate how colonized cultures were presented to “home” radio audiences through sound (music, speech, sound montages) during the inter-war years. The focus is on how a small group of broadcasts containing musical representations of the colonies of Greenland and India afforded the imaginative work and temporary imagined communities to Austrian, Danish, and British radio listeners in relation to the spatiality and otherness of distant peoples and locations. I suggest a typology of four modes of musical representation in broadcasts reaching from the European tradition of musical exoticism to the use of recordings of indigenous music. Biography: Morten Michelsen is a popular music scholar and professor of musicology at Aarhus University. His research interests include popular music and mediation, music radio and sound studies, historical radio studies, questions of taste and music criticism, and popular music historiography. 2013–2018 he led the research project A Century of Radio and Music In Denmark ( www.Ramund.ikk.ku.dk) and contributed to other large research projects concerned with radio. Among his recent publications on sound, music, and radio are three anthologies on music radio, including Tunes for All? (Aarhus University Press, 2018) on Danish music radio and Music Radio: Building Communities, Mediating Genres (Routledge, 2019) on international music radio.

Diplomacy at the End of the World: Theoderic’s Letters to the Warni and Hesti

SummaryTheoderic’s diplomacy with distant peoples has often been considered as a kind of ‘Realpolitik’ chiefly aimed at military or strategical purposes, but the symbolic importance of two embassies from the Warni and Hesti should be taken into consideration more carefully. The king aimed to convince his subjects and neighbours that he was the rightful heir of the Roman emperors by following a subtle policy ofimitatio Imperii. He also used diplomacy to achieve this goal and took advantage of two embassies from remote peoples of Northern Europe in order to imitate both Augustus and contemporary emperors, who prided themselves upon receiving envoys from far-away lands.

Rights of Conquest, Discovery and Occupation, and the Freedom of the Seas: a Genealogy of Natural Resource Injustice

Los derechos de conquista, descubrimiento y ocupación, y la libertad de los mares: una genealogía de la injusticia sobre los recursos naturales Este artículo analiza los orígenes coloniales de tres principios del derecho internacional: el derecho de conquista, el derecho de descubrimiento y ocupación, y la libertad de los mares. Argumento que cada uno de estos derechos se estableció como principio jurídico internacional para facilitar la colonización de pueblos lejanos, sus territorios y tierras, y con el fin de acumular sus recursos naturales. El artículo analiza cómo se justificaron estos derechos, qué conjunto de facultades e inmunidades exclusivas conferían, y cómo están vinculados a tres regímenes jurídicos modernos distintos de derechos sobre el espacio natural y sus recursos: la soberanía territorial, los derechos de propiedad privada sobre tierras extranjeras y los bienes marítimos comunes mundiales. En tanto expongo los orígenes moralmente arbitrarios de cada uno de estos principios de derecho internacional, que reflejan las condiciones y los objetivos específicos de determinados proyectos coloniales, también sostengo que los regímenes de derechos sobre los recursos naturales que estos institucionalizaron son convergentes en el sentido de que permitieron una apropiación y una explotación distintivamente injustas de los recursos naturales. El artículo también señala las formas en que la lógica y el funcionamiento de estos regímenes siguen dando forma al uso injusto de los recursos naturales hasta el día de hoy.

Tinkuqchaka: A Suspension Bridge over the Upper Pampas River, Ayacucho, Peru

Andean geography has posed diverse challenges to human activity. High mountains, rugged terrains, deep canyons, and torrential rivers were significant obstacles that effectively would have isolated settlements and entire regions. However, the desire to reach out to adjacent communities and distant lands pushed to the limit the ingenuity and imagination of past Indigenous Andean societies. By the time the Inka Empire flourished, the peoples of the Andes had already mastered the difficult geography, not only by building agricultural terraces over rugged terrain but also by building across the challenging landscape a road system described by the Spaniards as “the longest and grandest in the world.” However, the road system would have been ineffective without its most important component, the suspension bridges built over deep canyons and rapid currents. The suspension bridges, some of them as long as 50 m, made the interaction between distant peoples possible. Although it remains uncertain when suspension bridges were first built in the region, they likely antedated the Inka Empire by several centuries. Suspension bridges, so critical in the past, have largely been abandoned. One exception is Tinkuqchaka, a suspension bridge that continues to be renewed over the upper Pampas River, in the Peruvian central highlands. Tinkuqchaka is built by the inhabitants of Sarhua, one of the few Andean communities to maintain ancient technology. We assert that the survival of this technology initially was due to the marginal location of Sarhua that until just over a decade ago was reachable only by foot.