Distance Learning Applications Research Articles

Analysis of the Digital Educational Scenario in Italian High Schools during the Pandemic: Challenges and Emerging Tools

During the COVID-19 pandemic, educational institutions around the world were forced to move from face-to-face lessons to distance learning. The application of distance learning fostered the use of new tools and applications that impacted the school system and produced several challenges to be addressed. This paper provides an analysis of distance learning tools that have been used during COVID-19 in Italian schools and the related emerging needs and challenges. A quantitative survey was carried out by using a standardized online questionnaire that involved 420 Italian teachers of different ages, gender, and teaching areas. This survey collected information about experiences, opportunities, and challenges of distance learning, used tools, and students’ inclusion and involvement. In addition, this work analyses emerging technologies and how they can be integrated into distance learning tools to overcome the identified challenges.

Students' Perceptions in The Utilization of Zoom Video Conferencing on Speaking Ability in Distance Learning

<em>This research examined students’ perception of the use of Zoom Video Conferencing in successful speaking ability during the COVID-19 outbreak. This research aimed to obtain valid evidence about EFL college students’ own decent or wicked perception of the utilization of Zoom Video Conferencing for sharpening their speaking competencies. The researcher used mix methods approach convergent design with a combination between a quantitative approach and a qualitative approach. In assembling the data, the researcher involved university students in some different majors with 102 participants gathered by sharing the close-ended and open-ended questionnaires in the form of Google Forms in the research. The researcher analyzed the data from close-ended questionnaire results and open-ended questionnaire responses. The results showed that the close-ended questionnaire discovered good perceptions and positive attitudes of students in increasing speaking skills towards Zoom Video Conferencing. Therefore, Zoom Video Conferencing can be a medium in teaching activity during distance learning applications especially in improving speaking ability as it can raise students’ positive attitude and speaking ability in EFL classrooms.</em>

The Role of Constitutional Law in Improving Student's Critical Thinking Ability Through Online Learning

Lecturers are required to be effective and up to date in maximizing the use of existing learning technology to respond to the demands of very rapid technological developments and the demands of competition in the era of globalization. The application of self-directed and distance learning should be introduced and implemented in universities. Involvement in the application of online learning systems must be able to encourage students to always think critically. In the present context, critical thinking is a must for students. This paper discusses the role of constitutional law courses in increasing the critical power of students in online learning. This research uses a field study and literature study approach, which combines data obtained from various literature in the form of books, journal articles, and facts in the field. In short, this study found that online learning can be a good support for students to improve their critical thinking skills. However, there are several problems in its implementation which include socio-cultural problems, previous offline learning habits, and the habit of using the latest technology in learning. Well-designed online discussions, critical thinking learning content, and instructions that are formulated and given appropriately are some of the factors needed and become recommendations for lecturers in carrying out online learning to improve students’ critical thinking skills.
 Keywords: Students’ Critical Thinking, Constitutional Law, Online Learning

Enhancing the Digital Literacy Experience of Teachers to Bolster Learning in the 21st Century

The interconnected constructs of education in the 21st century cannot be divorced from teacher training. This article reports on the digital literacy experience of teachers amidst the worldwide recommendations of using distance learning and open educational applications to address education during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Altogether, 840 participants were purposively selected from urban, semi-urban, and rural areas in South Africa; 217 completed an online qualitative survey, while 23 took part in three virtual focus-group discussions. Van Dijk’s Resources and Appropriation Theory guided the study. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. The findings revealed the gaps between what is expected of teachers and their own realities, besides teachers’ eagerness to be involved in digital literacy. Recommendations include the need to continually align the teacher education curriculum with the country’s skills need and to provide teachers with the required support. Associated directions for further research are suggested.

SAFETY ISSUES OF SCREEN DEVICES USING DURING DISTANCE EDUCATION

Problem statement. Having analyzed the changes introduced by the government in the organization of the educational process during the quarantine of the COVID-19 pandemic, martial law, the authors drew attention to the problems and difficulties that arise with the psychological status of health and safety for educators during distance learning. Distance education is impossible without the use of special technical equipment and access to the Internet. The existing regulatory documents do not meet the sanitary and hygienic requirements for the use of modern technological means. This factor can lead to negative consequences, because there are no regulatory documents that would help parents and educators organize a suitable work space at home and control the dangerous mode of operation with a technical device for distance teaching and learning. Therefore, it is urgent to make changes to the regulations on labor protection in order to create safe conditions for the use of computer equipment and gadgets during distance learning. The purpose of the article is to analyze the implementation of distance learning in institutions of higher education, highlight problematic safety issues and ways to solve them with the perspective of further development. Conclusions. Taking into account the continuation of the distance learning format, its rapid development is taking place with the use of modern information technologies. In today's conditions the regulation of the normative-legal issue for sanitary-hygienic safety at technical means using during distance learning is still relevant. An overview of problematic safety issues related to the organization of distance learning at home was conducted. Effective steps for the development and improvement of forms and methods for work in the application of distance learning require remote interaction between the student and the teacher. In order for distance education to develop in a positive direction, the problems and difficulties encountered in its use must be pointed out in advance.

COVID-19 UZAKTAN EĞİTİM SÜRECİNDE ÖNE ÇIKAN FAKTÖRLER: BİR DEVLET ÜNİVERSİTESİ ÖRNEĞİ

Uzaktan eğitim uygulamaları üzerine Türkiye’nin ve diğer ülkelerin deneyimi oldukça köklüdür; fakat, COVID-19 dönemindeki uzaktan eğitim, tam hazırlık yapılamadan örgün eğitimin tamamen yerini aldığı bir süreç olmuştur. Bu çalışma, Anadolu’da acil uzaktan eğitim sürecini görece başarılı yöneten bir devlet üniversitede yürütülmüştür. Çalışmanın amacı COVID-19 uzaktan eğitim sürecinde öğrencilerin deneyimlerini etkileyen sosyo-ekonomik faktörler ile birlikte öğrencilerin uzaktan eğitim sürecine dair algılarını, zorlandıkları ve/veya olumlu buldukları yönleri tespit etmeyi amaçlamıştır. Makalenin bir diğer önemli çıktısı da uzaktan eğitim sürecinde öğrencilerin motivasyonu ve başarısında fark yaratan sosyo-ekonomik ve toplumsal cinsiyet temelli faktörler olmuştur. Araştırmada 484 öğrenci ile anket ve 3 adet odak grup çalışması yapılmış, sonuçlar tanımlayıcı şekilde makalede paylaşılmıştır. Sonuçların, acil uzaktan öğrenme dönemine görece olarak hazırlıksız yakalanan yüksek öğrenim kurumlarına, öğrenci algısını ve deneyimini anlamaları açısından bir kaynak olması beklenmektedir. Aynı zamanda, çalışma ile uzaktan eğitimde ‘hassas /kırılgan’ öğrenci gruplarının tespitinin yapılması ve uzaktan eğitim sürecinde öğrencileri etkileyen sosyo-ekonomik eşitsizliklerin ortaya konması amaçlanmaktadır

Efektivitas Penerapan Video YouTube dan Google Form dalam Pembelajaran PAI di SMAN 2 Kota Sukabumi

Referring to preventive measures to overcome the spread of Covid-19 in schools, the application of distance learning (Online) must be implemented so that all educators are required to use technology-based learning. The use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in learning Islamic Religious Education (PAI) in accordance with the 2013 curriculum can be a variety of media and media that can be used as a reference are YouTube and Google Form. This research is a descriptive qualitative research-based research conducted at SMAN 2 Sukabumi City. The results of this study found that YouTube-based learning media is more effective than Google Form in Islamic Religious Education Learning (PAI). From the results of the questionnaire, it can be seen that the Google Form media is more suitable as a medium for evaluating students than as the main medium for learning.

Εξ αποστάσεως διδασκαλία ιστορίας της τέχνης μέσω διαδικτυακής εφαρμογής στηριγμένη στο μοντέλο 4ΜΑΤ

This article presents an online multimedia application for long distance learning based on the 4MAT model of Bernice McCarthy. Specifically the aim of the article is, through the creation and synthesis of educational material with the help of 4MAT model to investigate a) the usability of it and b) if it can strengthen the motivation of a student who participates in such an education program for the art history discipline. At this point it must be emphasized that the 4MAT model is been applied for first time in long distance learning and at the particular educational field. The results from the evaluation led us to conclude that the 4MAT can be utilized for the creation of an easy to use online multimedia material and it can be used for the teaching of history of art in long distance learning. Also to add the 4MAT model to the teaching models that promotes online long distance learning fulfilling the aims of the research. The focus of the article is on the results of this research in relation to the usability of the model and the ability of the model to motivate.

Practical aspects of application of modern online platforms in professional training of future philologists of English

The article raises the issue of using modern online platforms and digital technologies in the training of future English philologists. Theoretical analysis of modern research has shown the relevance of the integration of online learning tools in the educational process. As a center of potential educational resources, the Internet is a limitless environment for learning English, so its use is quite common. Modern online resources are educational platforms for learning, designed specifically for blended and distance learning of school and student youth and designed to provide students with video instructions, notes, tests and the ability to track their learning progress. The aim of the article is to identify practical aspects of the use of modern online platforms in the training of future English philologists. The object of research is the process of professional training of future English philologists. The subject of the study is online platforms as a didactic environment for students. In the process of professional activity, the online platform for learning English MyEnglishLab is expedient to use. The interactive platform provides an opportunity to communicate with students in real time, monitor the progress of individual students and the group as a whole, receive reports of completed tasks online. Another online learning resource is online courses. Such specialized courses are «Very Verified», «Business English», Coursera, Moodle. We see prospects for further research in the theoretical research and practical use of information and communication technologies with students in English language classes, finding new ways to improve speaking skills, communication, communication of future philologists, research and application of distance and blended learning of English.

ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH DI SEKOLAH DASAR

The purpose of this research is to describe: 1) The concept of distance learning methods in elementary schools; 2) The application of distance learning in elementary schools so that the learning process is effective; 3) The relationship between distance learning and the effectiveness of the learning process in elementary schools. This research uses descriptive qualitative analysis with the type of literature study or literature study (Library Research), which is a series of activities related to collecting library data by exploring, observing, analyzing, identifying reading journals, notes, reports, research results, and other sources. which is relevant. Sources of data used in this study using primary and secondary data sources. Data collection techniques used in this research are editing, organizing, and finding. And analyzed using comparative, interpretative, deductive and inductive analysis. The results of the analysis that have been carried out prove that distance learning has a fairly good influence on the effectiveness of the learning process in elementary schools. This is proven based on the results of the analysis of research that has been done previously. The implementation of distance learning will be successful or effective if you apply the steps correctly. Distance learning steps include pre-learning steps, during learning and after learning or also called preparation, implementation and evaluation steps.

COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND DISTANCE LEARNING

The COVID-19 pandemic is for the first time in 2020 in Wuhan Province, China. It later spread to other countries in the world. In early April, the school in 194 countries, from pre-school to higher education, is closed. Approximately 1.5 billion students are affected by this situation, and therefore their status as full-time students have ceased. All countries with the COVID-19 pandemic aimed to provide continuing education without break. Traditional educational techniques are significantly disrupted by social alienation and restriction policies. Many scientists have shared their work on teaching and learning in different ways after the outbreak of COVID-19. There is face-to-face teaching abolished in many schools, colleges, and universities. Our state of Montenegro, following the example other countries in the world, introduced distance learning. The purpose of this research is to: (1) Application of learning and teaching activities with the help of communication technologies in mathematics teaching. (2) Determine the efficiency of distance learning mathematics. (3) Students’ reaction and observation before and after the application of distance learning. (4) Support and implementation of recommendations by the Ministry of Education.

The Covid-19 Pandemic and Its Implications in Islamic Religious Education Learning at Junior High School (SMP) of Ma'arif 9 Seputih Banyak Central Lampung


 
 
 
 Covid-19 has had an effect on every area of ​​Indonesian society's life, one of which is the world of education. The implication is to make the learning process into distance learning, inevitably it must be implemented considering the Ministry of Education and Culture's instructions to continue learning in the midst of the Covid-19 outbreak. Teachers at all levels of education are required to make new learning plans related to Distance Learning (PJJ), which had never been implemented before. From this explanation, the formulation of the problem is 1. How is distance learning applied during the Covid-19 period in improving the learning process of Islamic Religious Education at Ma'arif 9 Seputih Banyak Middle School, Central Lampung? 2. What are the inhibiting and supporting factors for the implementation of learning in improving the learning process of Islamic Religious Education at SMP Ma'arif 9 Seputih Banyak, Central Lampung? 3. What are the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on Islamic Religious Education learning at SMP Ma'arif 9 as white as many, Central Lamongan. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. Meanwhile, the data sources are school principals, waka curriculum and Islamic Religious Education teachers, students. In collecting the required data, the authors use the methods of observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the research that the author got were that the application of distance learning during the Covid-19 period in improving the learning process of Islamic Religious Education at SMP Ma'arif 9 Seputih Banyak, Central Lampung went well and could be implemented as it should
 
 
 
 

AN ANALYSIS OF DISTANCE LEARNING IMPLEMENTATION DURING THE PANDEMIC IN TEACHING ENGISH

The background of this research is the application of distance learning in learning English. This study aims 1) To describe the process of implementing distance learning in learning English at SMPN 02 Kayan Hilir during the Covid-19 pandemic. 2) To find out the obstacles to implementing distance learning to teach English at SMPN 02 Kayan Hilir during the Covid-19 pandemic. 3) To find out the impact of implementing distance learning for teaching and English at SMPN 02 Kayan Hilir during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research method used is qualitative research. The results showed that the implementation of distance learning in learning English for class VIII students at SMPN 02 Kayan Hilir had been implemented well despite the obstacles and impacts 06.25 from distance learning for schools and English teachers and students have a solution. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that in the learning process, the obstacles and impacts of implementing distance learning based on whatsapp and how teachers overcome obstacles and impacts have their respective solutions so that English language learning can be carried out properly. Keywords:Distance Learning, Distance Learning Implementation, English Teaching

Design, Implementation, and Assessment Approaches Within an Advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Elective Course

Introduction: An estimated 38 million people are living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) worldwide. Pharmacists are well positioned to provide care to patients with HIV, but gaps in HIV education among pharmacists exist. Recognizing the need to educate and prepare future pharmacists, a 2-credit advanced HIV elective course was created for Doctor of Pharmacy students at Washington State University College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences in the United States, and Masters of Clinical Pharmacy students from University of Western Cape School of Pharmacy in South Africa. Methods: Course topics included diagnosis and treatment of HIV in children and adults, management of common comorbidities, pre-exposure prophylaxis, pharmacogenetic applications, and antiretroviral drug-drug interactions. Course effectiveness was evaluated using student examination results. Student perceptions were evaluated using pre- and post-course self-assessments involving abilities, confidence, and attitudes toward caring for people living with HIV. Results: Student pharmacists demonstrated competency in HIV knowledge, demonstrated skills in application to clinical-based scenarios, and reported significantly improved confidence and abilities as well as positive changes in attitudes toward people with HIV. Conclusion: This course contributed to student learning across different student cohorts in an institutional program in the United States including successful execution of distance learning and clinical application for students at a program in South Africa.

FORMATION OF HEALTH-PRESERVING COMPETENCE OF HIGHER EDUCATION SEEKERS DURING UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE CLASSES IN THE CONDITIONS OF DISTANCE LEARNING IN INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER MEDICAL EDUCATION

The article presents the results of scientific analysis of the concept of health-preserving competence (HPC), which is identified as an indivisible component of system of education of Ukraine, as well as the prerequisite for introduction of New Ukrainian School (NUS). Peculiarities of HPC functioning in terms of distance learning application are singled out and described. Author’s questionary was designed in order to accomplish the objectives of research; thus, a survey aimed at gathering and processing statistical data on formation of health-preserving competence of education seekers during Ukrainian language classes in the conditions of distance learning in institutions of higher medical education. The survey results indicated that level of formation of above-mentioned competence varies from high to low depending on the type and features of technical means of distance learning as well as they level of integration into the educational process. Moreover, level of HPC directly impacts the health of applicant for higher education by causing negative tendencies, such as inability to concentrate on the tasks given and/or new material that is being presented via means of distance learning, low level of interest and involvement into educational activities, accidental loss of track of time, feeling of disorientation etc., which, in their turn, can potentially decrease the quality of knowledge obtained as well as skills that are being formed. This negative phenomenon can also potentially affect all aspects of training of future healthcare professionals thus this issue requires dedicated scientific research and proper methodical and methodological recommendation.
 Perspectives of future research imply proper analysis of the level of development of HPC in applicant for higher education of different years of study as well as to distinguish the factors that negatively impact the formation of health-preserving competence under the conditions of continuous distance learning; corresponding recommendations for the educators of MHEIs aimed at improving the quality of knowledge obtained by the students as well as the skills formed will be designed.

EXPLAINING A VIRTUAL RELATIONSHIP: PROSES PENETRASI SOSIAL PADA PENDIDIKAN TINGGI SELAMA PEMBELAJARAN ONLINE

Since the beginning of 2020, the Covid-19 pandemic has changed learning models and communication models at the university level. The face-to-face learning process is shifted to an online learning process using various distance learning applications. This has implications for the communication patterns that occured between students and students. This study aims to examine how the process of interpersonal communication that emphasizes aspects of developing communication relationships that are formed between students and their colleagues during the distance learning process. The theoretical approach used in this study is Social Penetration Theory which emphasizes several stages: 1) orientation stage; 2) Exploratory Affective Exchange Stage; 3) Exploratory Exchange Stage) and 4) Stable Exchange Stage. Furthemore, the method used in this research is descriptive qualitative using online survey tools and closed interviews. The population of this research is active students at Teuku Umar University class of 2019 and 2020, with a total of 20 informants. The result showed online learning provided a different virtual communication pattern in the relationship development process. The informants prioritized the virtual images displayed and more active communication repossession with a good attitude. Relationship development is also at the stage of forming comfort and not being intimate. With a relationship cycle back and forth, especially when they met in real.

E-Learning platform for music instruments

We’re living in the wоrk frоm hоme оr remоte wоrk erа аnd аll аre hоme bоund where everyоne wаnts tо leаrn new things whether it’s their lоst раssiоn оr their сuriоsity tо leаrn sо this study is based on the evolving advantages and challenges of e-learning рlаtfоrm thаt will be helрful in leаrning different musiс instruments аt their оwn соmfоrtаble рlасe. This study focuses on the depth knowledge of ease of e-learning in music sector. This study will enсоurаge the user tо leаrn аnd exсel in the music sector by the use of distance learning applications by sitting comfortably at their home or any other place. In аdditiоn, it focuses on the аdорtiоn оf e-Leаrning оutсоmes tо reduсe envirоnmentаl imрасt, with minimаl use оf mоbility аnd рарer use tо fасilitаte learning. It is imроrtаnt tо nоte the fасt thаt the attention is more given on the process more thаn оn the соntent оf eduсаtiоn. This change in the mode of learning has result in convenient, аs well аs the rарid develорment оf music education for students. In this regаrd, e- Leаrning is imроrtаnt in the field оf eduсаtiоn.

TECHNOLOGIES OF DIGITAL DIDACTICS

This article focuses on pedagogical didactics in the process of improving the technology of training pedagogical staff in a digitalized learning environment, based on the application of distance learning and blended learning technologies and models in the process of improving the effectiveness of distance learning.

Distance learning technologies in continuing medical education: advantages and disadvantages

In the context of the application of distance learning in the framework of continuing medical education, the author identifies the advantages and disadvantages of distance learning. The study revealed that one of the significant drawbacks is the quality of the material offered to listeners. As ways to improve the quality of content, the author proposed to develop and implement content requirements for DPO programs implemented within the framework of continuing medical education; to develop a list of topics for which training in the DPO format is unacceptable.

Distance Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Experience of Ukraine's Higher Education System

The COVID-19 pandemic has created a new paradigm of ‘life in social distancing’, which in its turn has had a massive impact on education. Continuing education delivery through alternative channels of instruction became a top priority for education institutions aiming to minimize impacts of the pandemic on education. Most universities shifted from conventional, on campus, face-to-face instruction to online distance teaching and learning, which meant that teaching approaches, tools of assessments, and ways of teacher-student communication had to be modified to meet challenges of the altered mode of instruction. Since the pandemic wake, various global educational organizations have carried out studies to identify threats and potential opportunities for higher education within and beyond the pandemic. Some attempts to analyze the experience of the Ukrainian higher education system transition to mass distance instruction have also been made. However, these researches were limited by a territorial or time span, sectoral analysis, or focus on specific issues. Lack of comprehensive cross-sectoral nationwide research regarding perceptions of main actors of Ukraine’s higher education system (teachers and students) on outcomes of this abrupt transition inspired the current research. In this regard, we saw the objective of the study in exploring the experience of mass distance learning application in Ukraine’s higher education system due to COVID-19 and identifying considerations for e-learning in the national system of higher education within and beyond the pandemic. The research was done via survey. The order of the researchers' actions was as follows: questionnaire compilation, data collection, data analysis, and knowledge generation. In this study, a closed-format questionnaire containing questions with pre-offered answers (multiple choices) was the main research instrument. The questionnaire was distributed to Ukrainian university teachers and students by snowball sampling. Data analysis phase involved analyzing the quantitative datasets. The interpretation of the analyzed information led to the generation of knowledge. 882 responses from 65 Ukrainian higher education institutions were received. The survey data showed that mass transition to distance learning became a challenge for majority Ukrainian universities: only 45.5% of the respondents reported experiences with teaching/learning online before the pandemic; 59.4% of them indicated limited (permanent or occasional) access to technological resources (stable and sustainable Internet, properly equipped workplace, software/hardware means). Nonetheless, the survey results confirmed that both teachers and students were satisfied with the rapid transition to distance learning due to COVID-19, although students proved more flexible in adapting to the new mode of instruction. Majority of the respondents indicated such online educational platforms as Zoom (88.3%) and Google Classroom (85.3%) as the most widespread in the Ukrainian virtual educational environment; and such educational technologies as collaborative (56.6%) and individualized learning (55.9%) as the most efficient in distance learning. The research advances the e-learning knowledge area providing data regarding the experiences of Ukraine's national higher education system on mass and abrupt transition to distance learning and envisaging potential for this mode of instruction beyond the pandemic.