Disposable Plastic Syringes Research Articles

New disposable plastic syringe for collecting and centrifuging blood.

New disposable plastic syringe for collecting and centrifuging blood.

A MINIATURE SYRINGE PUMP FOR CONTINUOUS ADMINISTRATION OF DRUGS AND HORMONES: THE MILL HILL INFUSER

A miniature syringe pump has been developed for intravenous or subcutaneous infusion of the many drugs and hormones which produce better therapeutic responses when continuously delivered at a controlled rate than by repeated separate injections. The infuser uses disposable plastic syringes and is designed for precise tamper-proof delivery of 2 ml/24 h or 2 ml/8 h with quartz-crystal control, unaffected by high back-pressures or the resistance of extremely fine cannulæ. This method ensures that the dose-rate can be precisely determined by prescribing solutions of appropriate strength.

Cytological diagnosis of thyroid cancer by fineneedle aspiration biopsy

Aspiration biopsy cytology was carried out in 60 patients with thyroid diseases that were histologically 25 benign tumors and 35 malignant tumors, and in 4 controls.As an instrument, we used an aspiration pistol that was modified Hollender-Persson type, a disposable plastic syringe (Thermo and Niplo) and a disposable fine needle (22 Gauge). Thyroid cell clumps were obtained numerous enough to evaluate cytologically and the specimens were stained by Giemsa and Papanicolaou method.The microscopical findings of benign adenoma, cyst, hyperthyroidism, Hashimoto disease, papillary adenocarcinoma, follicular adenocarcinoma, medullary carcinoma, anaplastic carcinoma and liposarcoma of thyroid were described in this report.Intranucleic cytoplasmic inclusions were observed in 13 out of 21 patients of papillary adenocarcinoma of thyroid.The incidence of nuclei with the intranucleic inclusion was about1%in total cancer nuclei in each papillary cancer case.The fewer intranucleic inclusions were detected also in specimen from a patient of follicular adenocarcinoma.Some differences of cytological finding between papillary and follicular carcinoma were observed and described.Aspiration biopsy cytology could revise correctly the preoperative diagnosis exclusive of cytological examination in patients with thyroid disease.The accuracy of this cytodiagnosis was relatively high, the positive rate in malignant was 91.4% and the negative rate in non-malignant was 88.0%, 2 false positive cases were one patient with hyperthyroidism after isotope therapy and one patient with Hashimoto disease.We had no complication including bleeding, infection and cancer metastasis by our technique.

Simple flow-thru swivel for infusions into unrestrained animals

Infusion of fluids into unrestrained animals requires the use of a flow-thru swivel. A method is described for the construction of a simple efficient swivel assembled from disposable plastic syringes and needles.

Use of an ear oximeter to assess lung function.

Values of arterial oxygen saturation were estimated using an ear oximeter while subjects breathed a mixture of 15% oxygen in nitrogen. Results obtained from patients with lung disease were clearly separated from results obtained from normal subjects, and the lowereing of saturation was related to the clinical severity of the disease. Patients with low oximeter readings with 15% oxygen also had low levels of arterial oxygen tension during exercise.

A Simplified Method for the Separation of Steroid Hormones and Its Application to Radioligand Assays

Abstract A simplified method for separating the major progestogens, estrogens and androgens in plasma was developed for use in both competitive protein binding assays (CPBA) and radioimmunoassays (RIA). The method, based on liquid-liquid partition chromatography, utilizes microcolumns consisting of plastic disposable syringes packed with celite:ethylene glycol. The method was applied to the plasma measurement of progesterone by CPBA and estradiol and testosterone by RIA.

A Simplified Method for Determining Arsenic and Antimony by the Hydride Evolution-Atomic Absorption Method

Abstract A plastic disposable syringe hydride generator and aspirator system coupled with atomic absorption spectroscopy is shown to give results comparable to complex systems costing many times more. Details of operation, sensitivity, range of linearity and detection limits are outlined. Analyses performed on National Bureau of Standards Orchard Leaves and Bovine Liver are given and the results compared with NBS provisional values.

A pneumatically‐operated water sampler for close intervals of depth

SummaryA pneumatically‐operated sampler for collecting water samples at close intervals of depth in lakes is described. The sampler uses plastic disposable syringes and may be operated at various depths and at the mud‐water interface. Examples of results obtained with the sampler are given.

INFECTION HAZARD FROM SYRINGES

SUMMARY Bacterial contamination of the contents of disposable plastic syringes was demonstrated experimentally after repeated refilling. Supporting evidence for this mechanism as a potential souerce of bacteraemia was obainted by a spot check of syringes used for repeated injections. It is recommended that disposable syringes should be discarded after a single injection.

The faggot method for separating blood lymphocytes.

Abstract. A faggot made of glass microhaematocrit tubes coated with Formvar is made to fit inside a plastic disposable syringe. Granulocytes and monocytes, in a leucocyte suspension placed in this syringe, stick to the faggot, and a lymphocyte suspension can subsequently be run from the nozzle of the syringe.

DISPOSABLE PLASTIC SYRINGES

Medical Journal of AustraliaVolume 2, Issue 6 p. 340-340 Correspondence DISPOSABLE PLASTIC SYRINGES First published: 01 August 1972 https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1972.tb47335.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume2, Issue6August 1972Pages 340-340 RelatedInformation

Radiation sterilization: microbiological findings from subprocess dose treatment of disposable plastic syringes.

Summary: Disposable plastic hypodermic syringes were taken weekly from commercial production, immediately prior to radiation sterilization, at each of 3 firms. They were irradiated at doses less than that used for sterilization, either with electrons or gamma rays, and tested for sterility. The relationship between the dose applied and the resulting proportion of syringes positive was similar for each firm. Amongst the organisms surviving subnormal process doses was a yeast of unusually high radiation resistance. The possibility of establishing a microbiological quality control procedure based on the routine use of a subprocess dose technique is discussed.

Problems Arising from the Transfer of Sodium Bicarbonate Injection from Ampuls to Plastic Disposable Syringes

Problems Arising from the Transfer of Sodium Bicarbonate Injection from Ampuls to Plastic Disposable Syringes

Silicone Lubricant Flushed from Disposable Syringes: Determination by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

Amounts of silicone removable from disposable plastic syringes were determined (as silicon) by the use of atomic absorption spectrophotometry. This method revealed that the silicone fluid employed as a lubricant was present in distilled water expressed from 20 to 60 percent of the syringes. As contrasted with the total silicone extractable by dissolving with methyl isobutyl ketone, water-removable silicone appeared to be removed by a mechanical flushing action.

Disposable syringe techniques for obtaining small quantities of pore water from unconsolidated sediments

ABSTRACT Disposable plastic syringes, fitted with screen discs and circles of filter paper, can be used to extract small amounts of pore water from unconsolidated sediments. A wooden screw frame or large C clamp supplies pressure for field use. Supplementary techniques enable small volumes of fluid to be recovered and handled easily. The Goldberg compensating refractometer provides a useful companion tool for field studies. It can determine, in less than a minute, total dissolved solids in brackish to salt waters to an accuracy of 0.5 parts per thousand on a drop of fluid.

Antimicrobial Agents: Pediatric Dosages, Routes of Administration and Preparation Procedures for Parenteral Therapy

More than 125 years have elapsed since the “Maison Lüer” in Paris produced their quintessential all-glass hypodermic syringe. The product would subsequently conquer the medical world, with billions of plastic syringes produced on a yearly basis nowadays. One wonders how a world would look without this priceless diagnostic and therapeutic tool, facilitating the administration of drugs, fluids, and blood products to billions of patients worldwide. The Lüer syringe dates to 1894, when Parisian medical instrument maker Hermann Wülfing-Lüer manufactured a unique graduated all-glass hypodermic syringe. Its conical tip allowed accurate injections with rapid leak-free connections, and was heat-resistant without breaking while autoclaving at 120 °C. The authors of this article rectified several inaccuracies of historical facts, and obtained copies of original patents, documents and syringes to reveal accurate details regarding the originators of the all-glass syringes. The Lüer fittings are simple devices that connect virtually all syringes, needles and tubing. They are used in medicine and beyond, whether it is a Lüer-Slip or a Lüer-Lok™ (Lüer-Lock) version. In 1995, The International Organization of Standardization recommended the standard use of the Lüer-tipped syringe worldwide. Despite this, their popularity has sustained significant setbacks at times, including when reports were published on misconnections and wrong-route administration of drugs, resulting in harm to patients with sometimes fatal outcomes. Healthcare workers mistakenly connected devices with a specific use to other devices used for a different application. Current syringes are now mostly mass-produced, disposable plastic syringes, which still come with Lüer fittings for intravascular and hypodermic needles, whereas specific non-Lüer connectors are designed for other systems.

A Simple Device for Collecting Soil Cores for Microbiological Studies

Soil samples have been collected for study in this laboratory by simply scooping up surface soil with a sterile glass culture tube, or for samples of deeper soil layers, digging a trench and pushing the mouth of a tube into a freshly exposed surface of the wall of the trench. This method presents a number of problems foremost of which are: tubes are easily broken in gravelly soil; some soil always sticks to the mouth of the tube, presenting a contamination problem in the laboratory; and the cotton plug often becomes covered with soil which dries to produce a dust aerosol when the tube is opened. As many of the samples processed are suspected of containing fungi pathogenic to man, the importance of the last two disadvantages of this method is readily apparent. A rather simple solution to all three problems was accomplished by modification of Tomac polypropylene plastic disposable syringes. We use 20-cc syringes because relatively large samples are required for our studies; however, smaller syringes are suitable where smaller samples are desired. Because they are calibrated volumetrically, the size of a sample can be readily determined. The syringes are modified in the following manner: the plunger is removed, then the tip is cut from the syringe barrel at the 0 graduation by means of a hacksaw or a similar small-toothed saw. If more than a few such samplers are to be made, a simple miter box-like device can be made to hold the saw and position the syringe. The end is then beveled as shown in FIG. 1A, using either coarse sandpaper or a suitable file, and then smoothed with a knife or scalpel. The rubber tip is taken off the plunger and pushed down the syringe barrel to about the 2-cc mark. The barrel with its plunger tip are then placed in a glassine syringe bag or other suitable wrapper and sterilized by autoclaving. The plunger handle is made of a different type of plastic which will not withstand autoclaving; however, since it is used only to push the core from the filled sampler, it does not need to be sterilized. Surface samples are taken by pushing the sampler into the soil with either a twisting or rocking motion until it is filled to the desired level. When deeper samples are to be collected, a trench is dug and lateral cores 191

A Simple Peripheral Vascular Injector Which Uses Disposable Flastic Syringes

The advantages of an injector for peripheral and selective arteriography are well known. These include constancy and reproducibility of injection rate and pressure; triggering of the x-ray machine or serialograph at the same point in the injection time after time; and, perhaps most important to the physician, removal of the operator from the roentgen beam. There is no shortage of commercial vascular injectors. They are readily available to anyone who can meet the purchase price, ranging from that of a good used car to that of a small airplane. To overcome these financial disadvantages, we have recently constructed an injector which combines the virtues of simplicity, reliability, low cost, and ease of construction. Driving Force: Our injector is driven by compressed air (which is available in each of our radiographic rooms). This is applied to a standard one-inch industrial air cylinder.2 Air flow is controlled by electrically operated solenoid valves. Injection Syringe: The injection syringe is one of the most expensive components of commercial injectors. The higher pressure devices use stainless steel syringes which are costly and require autoclaving after each use. At least one injector employs standard glass syringe barrels and finely machined steel plungers to avoid the binding effect of glass on glass. An occasional injector has made use of standard glass syringes, but with the admonition that a towel be placed over them in case of breakage. Our injector employs disposable plastic syringes,3 one of which is used for each patient and then thrown away. They have been shown to be compatible with water-soluble contrast media (1). At first glance, it would appear that the catheter would be blown off the syringe, since locking type fittings are not available on the plastic syringes, but this has not been the case. Apparently the tip of the syringe expands during injection and forms a tighter connection. Construction is illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. Pressures: The pressures developed are shown in Figure 3. It is apparent that the device is usable for those procedures which normally employ hand injection. Summary We have described a vascular injector which is inexpensive to build, uses readily available commercial parts, and substitutes ordinary disposable plastic syringes for the expensive steel syringes usually found in machines of this type.

PHARMACOLOGICAL INCOMPATIBILITY OF CONTRAST MEDIA WITH VARIOUS DRUGS AND AGENTS.

In recent years a great deal of interest has been focused on the anaphylactoid reactions produced by organic iodide contrast media. One aspect of this problem has been the feasibility of employing premedication to prevent such occurrences. Antihistamines have been rather widely administered for this purpose, although evidence indicates that their effectiveness has not fulfilled expectations. As an example, in 1958 Finby, Evans, and Steinberg (1) found that antihistamines were unsuccessful in preventing major reactions, whether given orally or intravenously. They concluded that the antihistamines were useful in therapy, but not in prophylaxis. Because some radiologists mix the antihistamines in the same syringe employed for the contrast medium, this study was undertaken to determine whether any pharmacological incompatibility develops. An analysis of these reactions is one objective of this communication. Another possibility is that of pharmacological incompatibility between the plastic disposable syringes now available and the contrast agent. If one judges from the lack of material in the literature, this question is of such recent origin as to have been insufficiently investigated. In view of the separate nature of these two aspects of contrast medium reactions, the purpose of our investigation was necessarily twofold. First, we attempted to determine whether a mixture of antihistamines and contrast media would produce any pharmacologically undesirable reactions. Secondly, we attempted to determine whether any of the presently used contrast agents would prove pharmacologically incompatible with Stylex polystyrene disposable syringes manufactured by Pharmaseal Laboratories, Inc. Methods of Investigation For investigating the reactions that occur when contrast media are mixed with antihistamines, serology tubes were employed to simulate glass syringes or any other glass vessel in which the agents might be mixed. The contrast medium was added to the antihistamine in varying amounts to produce varying dilutions of the mixture. We selected dilutions of 40:1, 20:1, 10:1, 5:1, 2:1, and 1:1 for each combination of contrast medium and antihistamine, respectively. The additions were performed with a syringe, always with the same size needle (18 gauge) to ensure drops of a constant size. The reactions were studied and noted at three different times:(a) immediately upon mixing;(b) one hour after mixing; and (c) forty-eight hours after mixing. A positive reaction was interpreted as one which produced any kind of precipitate or flocculation, considered evidence of incompatibility between the two agents. In all cases in which paradoxical or inconsistent results were obtained, the experiment was repeated until the investigators were satisfied that the initial result was either definitely valid or definitely incorrect. Eight contrast media and six antihistamines were studied by this method. Each antihistamine was mixed with all the contrast media. The contrast media employed were as follows: Diodrast, Conray 60 per cent, Angioconray 80 per cent, Cholografin, Hypaque 75 per cent, Reno-grafin 60 per cent, Renovist, and MP-271 (2). The antihistamines were Benadryl, Phenergan, Dramamine, Dimetane, Wydase, and Chlor-Trimeton. Another method was utilized for investigating the possibility of pharmacological incompatibility between contrast media and polystyrene disposable syringes. This method was a duplication of that followed by Pharmaseal Laboratories and Mallin-ckrodt Pharmaceuticals in their original investigation of this problem (3, 4). Two samples of each contrast medium to be tested were placed in Stylex polystyrene syringes, one at 25°C, the other at 37°C. The resulting systems were examined visually and spectrophotometrically each day for five days. If no degeneration, destruction, or clouding of the syringe were detected, and if there were no changes in the contrast medium, the system was considered completely compatible. Fourteen widely used contrast media were examined in this manner.

Evaluation of Disposable Plastic Syringes as to Physical Incompatibilities with Parenteral Products

Evaluation of Disposable Plastic Syringes as to Physical Incompatibilities with Parenteral Products