Disorders Of Musculoskeletal System Research Articles

Modeling indoor TV/screen viewing and adult physical and mental health: Health Survey for England, 2012.

The aim of the present study was to model indoor TV/screen viewing and a series of adult health conditions and cognitive performance in a country-wide, population-based setting in recent years. Data was retrieved from Health Survey for England, 2012. Information on demographics, lifestyle factors, self-reported health conditions, and TV and/or screen watching hours in adults was collected by household interviews. Chi-square test and survey-weighted logistic and multi-nominal modeling were performed. Of 8114 English adults aged 18–98, 4138 people (51.1 %) watched TV and/or screen daily for 2 h or more on average. Two thousand five-hundred people (30.9 %) watched for 3 h or more. TV and/or screening watching for 2+ hours was associated with endocrine or metabolic disorders, diabetes, mental disorders (including poor scores in General Health Questionnaire and Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale), nervous system disorders, eye complaints, circulatory system disorders, respiratory system disorders, musculoskeletal system disorders, and self-rated health. TV and/or screen watching for 3+ hours was associated with digestive disorders and clotting disorder. TV and/or screen watching for 5+ hours was associated with cancer. TV and/or screen watching for 6+, 8+, or 11+ hours was associated with bladder disease, genito-urinary system disorders or bowel disease, respectively. There were no risk associations (within 20 h) found with ear complaints, infectious disease, and blood system disorders. Future educational and public health programs minimizing TV and/or screen viewing in order to protect from physical inactivity and X-radiation might be needed while research on the combined effect of physical inactivity and X-radiation should be explored.

Cross-cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire.

Low back pain is among the most common musculoskeletal system disorders. Outcome measures are needed for the measurement of function, to establish a treatment program, and for monitoring the improvement in low back pain. There exist several questionnaires enquiring about function in low back pain. One of these is Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire, whose reliability and validity were previously established. Other than the original version of the questionnaire, only its Persian version exists. The present study aims to investigate the cross-cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire. The study included 103 patients with low back pain. For reliability assessment of the questionnaire, test-retest and internal consistency analyses were performed. The results of test-retest analysis were assessed by Intraclass Correlation Coefficient method. For internal consistency, Cronbach Alpha value was used. Validity analyses of the questionnaire were performed by construct validity. For construct validity, convergent validity was tested. Convergent validity of the questionnaire was calculated via its correlation with suitable subscales of the Short Form-36 and the total score of the Oswestry Disability Index by using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Intraclass Correlation Coefficient values for test-retest reliability were found to be in the range of 0.765-0.924, which indicate a sufficient level of test-retest reliability. Cronbach's Alpha value was found to be 0.804 indicating a high internal consistency. Pearson's correlation coefficient between Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire to Short Form-36 and Oswestry Disability Index values were ranged between 0.424 and-0.810, indicating a good correlation. Considering all these data, it was concluded that the Turkish version of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire is valid and reliable.

Pathogenesis of hypophosphatemia

Chronic hypophosphatemia is seriously involved in several disorders of musculoskeletal system. Symptoms of patients are usually non-specific, such as pain with or without muscle weakness on lower extremities and are often hard to be correctly diagnosed. It is clinically important for physicians to understand pathogenesis and clinical features of hypophosphatemia and its related diseases.

Peculiarities of Comprehensive Examination in Russia for Foreign Citizens with Visual Impairments and Musculoskeletal System Disorders

The article deals with the conditions for a comprehensive examination for the right of employment for foreign citizens with visual impairments and musculoskeletal system disorders. The psychophysical characteristics of persons with disabilities are described; the technique required for the successful execution of test tasks in the Russian language, Russian history and the basics of Russian legislation has been proposed.

Consultation–liaison psychiatric services in Dubai, UAE: a descriptive analysis study

Introduction Liaison psychiatry refers to the interface between psychiatry and general hospital patients. It involves psychiatrist’s intervention in the care of medically ill patients who present with psychiatric symptoms while in a general hospital setting. It may also involve the assessment of patients who have pre-existing psychiatric illness or those who develop psychiatric symptoms because of their medical or surgical illness. It is estimated that nearly 26.5–60% of the general medical inpatients suffer psychiatric comorbidity. Aim of the study The aim of this study was to evaluate the pattern and the characteristics of liaison referral to the psychiatric department from other general medical and surgical departments at Al Rashid Hospital, Dubai, and its association with clinical and diagnostic factors, and to study the quality and appropriateness of information presented in the referral letters to the psychiatric department. Patients and methods The patients included in the study were recruited from individuals who had been consecutively assessed and treated by the liaison psychiatric team at Rashid Hospital, Dubai, UAE, during the period of 6 months from 1 November 2012 to 30 April 2013. A specially designed data sheet was developed and a pilot analysis on 20 patients was undertaken using the designed data sheet to assess the applicability of data collection and tool arrangement of items, and to estimate the time needed and the feasibility of the study. The data sheet included demographic data, data of patterns of descriptive psychopathology, either physical or mental, before presentation, a mental state examination and cognitive assessment through the Mini Mental State Scale. We identified the following parameters to evaluate the referred letters from GP and other medical or surgical specialists or consultants: the degree of urgency − reason of referral, symptom-relevant life events or stresses, family history of psychiatric disorder, medical history, psychiatric history, treatment given, physical examination and any investigations that have been performed, mental state examination and psychiatric diagnosis. Results The number of referrals over the indicated period was 60 patients (6 months). Suicidal behaviour was the highest among the reasons for referral. The main comorbid physical disorders included 13 (21.7%) endocrine disorders, 11 (18.3%) gastrointestinal tract disorders, 10 (16.7%) central nervous system disorders, seven (11.7%) musculoskeletal system disorders, six (10%) respiratory system disorders, five (8.3%) coronary artery diseases, five (8.3%) urogenital disorders and three (5%) sensory deprivation. The medical history was not mentioned in 46 (76.7%) of the referral letters The action taken by the psychiatrist after assessments were admission to the psychiatric ward for 21 patients (35%), outpatient appointments for 24 (40%) and discharge from psychiatric service for 15 patients (25%). Psychiatrists agreed with the GP diagnosis in 15 cases (25%), but considered the diagnosis inaccurate in 27 (45%) of these cases. Replies of the psychiatrists to the GP referrals were made only in 18 patients (30%); no reply was written in 42 (70%) cases. Conclusion Future research is needed to understand how liaison service can be utilized and sustained most effectively as part of general hospital care. A comprehensive consultation–liaison unit that comprises a sufficient number of multidisciplinary mental health professionals (psychiatrist, psychologist, social worker) is vital in general hospital settings to address the unmet needs.

Analysis of Relationship between the Body Mass Composition and Physical Activity with Body Posture in Children.

Introduction. Excessive body mass in turn may contribute to the development of many health disorders including disorders of musculoskeletal system, which still develops intensively at that time. Aim. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between children's body mass composition and body posture. The relationship between physical activity level of children and the parameters characterizing their posture was also evaluated. Material and Methods. 120 school age children between 11 and 13 years were enrolled in the study, including 61 girls and 59 boys. Each study participant had the posture evaluated with the photogrammetric method using the projection moiré phenomenon. Moreover, body mass composition and the level of physical activity were evaluated. Results. Children with the lowest content of muscle tissue showed the highest difference in the height of the inferior angles of the scapulas in the coronal plane. Children with excessive body fat had less slope of the thoracic-lumbar spine, greater difference in the depth of the inferior angles of the scapula, and greater angle of the shoulder line. The individuals with higher level of physical activity have a smaller angle of body inclination. Conclusion. The content of muscle tissue, adipose tissue, and physical activity level determines the variability of the parameter characterizing the body posture.

Peculiarities of Comprehensive Examination in Russia for Foreign Citizens with Visual Impairments and Musculoskeletal System Disorders

Peculiarities of Comprehensive Examination in Russia for Foreign Citizens with Visual Impairments and Musculoskeletal System Disorders

WORK RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS: A SURVEY OF PHYSIOTHERAPISTS IN TRICITY

Background: Musculoskeletal system disorders are common among health care workers worldwide. They are common causes of severe long-term pain and physical disability. Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are defined as “regional impairments of the muscles, tendons, nerves and joints. Physiotherapy can lead to WRMSDs in physiotherapist because of the nature of their profession. Despite of having expert knowledge of musculoskeletal injuries and injury prevention strategies they still report a high incidence of work-related injuries during their professional practice due to their training and continuous professional developmentMethods: A total of 100 Physiotherapists which included 78 females and 22 males in the age group of 21 to 40 years were recruited in the study. The subjects were taken as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria from Tricity.Results: Pearson’s correlation and Chi square analysis was used to determine correlation and the association of prevalence of self-reported musculoskeletal symptoms with personal characteristics, job risk factors and coping strategies. The data obtained from this study documents that majority of Physiotherapists have experienced WRMSDs at some time. The prevalence of WRMSDs among Physiotherapists in Tricity is high (91%). The most common risk factors identified in the present study were dealing with an excessive number of patients in one day; continuing to work while injured or hurt; lifting or transferring dependent patients and work scheduling. In present study, the low back and neck regions were the most commonly affected site among physiotherapists (72.5%) each followed by upper back (28.6 %), shoulder (20.9%), wrist and hand (17.6%), knee (12.1%), ankle and foot (12.1%) and hip (7.70%)Conclusions: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are an important health risk within the physiotherapy profession. The prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among the Physiotherapists in Tricity is high that is 91%. Hence, it supports the research hypothesis of the present study. It is also concluded that the low back and neck (72.5% each) are the most common sites susceptible to injury followed by upper back and shoulder

A rare case of two-chambered heart in an adult patient

Congenital heart diseases are third most prevalent congenital disorders right after congenital musculoskeletal and central nervous system disorders. Up to 30-35 thousand of children with congenital heart disease are born annually in USA, 20-22 thousand - in Russia, 320-350 children - in the Republic of Tatarstan. Univentricular heart is among rare and unique congenital heart disorders. The natural course of the disease is poor, with two thirds of patients passing away within the first year due to severe pulmonary hypertension, progressing heart failure, and severe hypoxia and heart arrhythmias. Prenatal influence of the disorder on hemodynamics is not significant, and babies are born with normal body weight and length. In most of the children, the disease is diagnosed within the first months after birth. If combined with pulmonary artery stenosis and transposition of the great vessels, clinical manifestations are associated with serous hypoxia and cyanosis. Intensive cyanosis is observed since birth, peripheral signs of hypoxia - phalangeal and nail deformities are seen early. Such children do not frequently have respiratory diseases, despite shortness of breath; there is no crackles in lungs. In the absence of pulmonary artery stenosis, the clinical picture reminds congenital heart disorder with big ventricular septal defect and left to right shunt with the expressed hypervolemia and moderate cyanosis, which becomes more severe while crying and at feeding. Children often have recurrent pneumonia and bronchitis, lag behind in physical development, they constantly have a shortness of breath and tachycardia, hepatomegaly occurs early. A clinical case of the patient with congenital heart disease (univentricular heart) and severe congestive heart failure is presented. The peculiarity of this case is the presence of the single atrium communicating through a common atrioventricular valve with a single ventricle, from which two main vessels begins with the aortic and pulmonary valves, as well as atypical long clinical course associated with heart arrhythmia and extensive cardiac remodeling.

Herbal remedies and aroma for beauty and health

Recently, non-medical, naturopathic methods remedies for prevention and treatment, including aromatherapy and phytotherapy, become more developed and perfect. Aromatherapy is one of phytotherapy methods using natural organic volatile aromatic substances of plants - essential oils. When used correctly they are comfortable, painless, and affordable remedies, affecting all systems and organs, allowing get over diseases, skin damage and possible mental disorders. Aim. The aim of our research was the literature data analysis, and our own study concerning the application of phytotherapeutic and aromatic remedies for skin and hair care, as well as for complex, rehabilitation and preventive treatment of respiratory diseases, musculoskeletal system disorders, cardiovascular system and increase work capacity. Methods. To solve the problem conventional analytical research of electronic and paper sources, as well as our own studies analysis, were used. Results. Based on the analysis of the literature data and our own studies, the effective phytotherapeutic remedies for different types of skin and hair care using different species of available herbal material and natural essential oils. The attention was focused on essential oils quality evaluation criteria suitable for medical use, and methods of their use for both children and adults. Conclusion. The essential oils lists explained from the scientific point of view were displayed for prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases, musculoskeletal system disorders, emotional state regulation, and during working on the computer, as well as elimination of cosmetic skin blemishes and premature ageing of the skin

Relationship Between Functional Exercise Capacity and Lung Functions in Obese Chidren.

Objective:Cardiovascular, respiratory and musculoskeletal system disorders which may affect the functional exercise capacity are common in obese patients. We aimed to investigate the functional exercise capacity and its relationship with functional pulmonary capacity in obese children.Methods:A total of 74 obese and 36 healthy children as a control group were enrolled in the study. Pulmonary functions and functional exercise capacity were measured by spirometry and six-minute walk test (6 MWT), respectively.Results:The distances covered during the 6 MWT in obese and control groups were 570.9±67.5 and 607.8±72.5 meters, respectively (p=0.010). In spirometric pulmonary function tests (PFTs), forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1) and forced mid-expiratory flows (25-75) were lower in the obese group (p=0.048 and p=0.047, respectively), whereas forced vital capacity (FVC), the FEV1/FVC ratio and peak expiratory flow were not statistically different between the obese and control groups. Multiple regression analysis revealed that among all parameters of anthropometric measures and PFTs, only body mass index standard deviation score (BMI-SDS) was the independent factor influencing 6 MWT.Conclusion:Functional exercise and lung capacities of obese children were diminished as compared to those of non-obese children. The most important factor influencing functional exercise capacity was BMI-SDS.

Биомеханические особенности локомоций при выполнении удара по мячу у футболистов с заболеваниями опорно-двигательного аппарата

Биомеханические особенности локомоций при выполнении удара по мячу у футболистов с заболеваниями опорно-двигательного аппарата

Trajectory length of pitch vs. roll: Technique for assessment of postural stability

Background: Patients with disorders of nervous or musculoskeletal system often show instability of the body segments during the stance tasks. Traditionally, stabilometric platforms are used to measure body sway. However, these devices are expensive and do not allow the evaluation of the individual movements of body segments. At present, accelerometers or gyroscopes are used to measure the movements of the body segments. For these new motion capture (MoCap) systems, methods for quantitative evaluation of a body segment movement are being developed. Objective: The main objective of this paper is to describe a new method which would be suitable for quantifying postural stability and identifying differences in balance control using data recorded by an inexpensive 2-DoF gyroscope. Methods: Method based on total length of trajectory (TL) in a 2-D plot of angles was proposed for quantitative evaluation of the trunk and feet sway. The sway was measured during quiet stance of ten middle-aged patients (Pts) with degenerative cerebellar disorder and eleven young healthy subjects (HS) standing with eyes open (EO) on a firm surface (FiS) and eyes closed (EC) on a foam surface (FoS). Data were obtained using three gyroscopes (Xsens) to measure roll and pitch angular movements of the trunk, and left and right foot. The pitch versus roll plots of the trunk and feet were created and the trajectory lengths of the pitch vs. roll angle were calculated. Results: Although the results vary while measuring different segments of the body, the method showed significant differences between the two different groups. Significant differences between the HS and Pts were found in EO standing on a FiS for TLs of the trunk (p = .02) and TLs of the feet (p < .01). Similarly in EC standing on a FoS significant differences (p < .01) between groups were found for TLs of both the trunk and the feet (p < .01). Conclusions: It was found that the TL of pitch vs. roll is suitable for quantifying postural sway and identifying differences in balance control. The technique, based on the length of the pitch angle vs. roll angle trajectory can be used even where MoCap systems can only measure two sway angles which could extend the clinical information of the body sway.

Development and prevention of work related disorders in a sample of Brazilian violinists.

The present study is part of a project designed to investigate the development of disorders related to the work of orchestra violinists. To describe and analyze the functional disorders of the musculoskeletal systems of violinists from the four orchestras in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Analyses of musculoskeletal system disorders found in violinists from orchestras in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, were completed using a variety of approaches, including Occupational Therapy, Epidemiology and the Social Science methodologies. Participants sustained musculoskeletal disorders despite their common sense belief that musicians are generally healthier than other professional groups. The struggle for a better financial situation forced study participants to work harder, in a variety of work environments, increasing and diversifying their exposure to risk factors. Protective and preventive measures were scarce and in most cases these were only employed after the onset of musculoskeletal disorders. The use of inadequate strategies and the lack of appropriate options to deal with risk factors contributed to the maintenance of symptoms or the onset of health disorders.

Kinesio Taping Use in Prevention of Sports Injuries During Teaching of Physical Education and Sport

Kinesio taping is very useful method in the last few years that affects not only prevention and treatment of many musculoskeletal system disorders but it improves sports performance also. This paper presents new scientific knowledge about the possibilities of the use Kinesio tapes during the teaching physical education and sport. Every teacher, but also student of physical education and sport, should know the basics for positive effects of this issue. Kinesio taping application in the prevention of sports injuries of the musculoskeletal system are frequently encountered during the teaching of this field of study.

СПЕЦИФИКА ФОРМ ОБУЧЕНИЯ В РАМКАХ ОБЩЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ ДЕТЕЙ С НАРУШЕНИЯМИ ОПОРНО-ДВИГАТЕЛЬНОГО АППАРАТА

СПЕЦИФИКА ФОРМ ОБУЧЕНИЯ В РАМКАХ ОБЩЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ ДЕТЕЙ С НАРУШЕНИЯМИ ОПОРНО-ДВИГАТЕЛЬНОГО АППАРАТА

Психо-сомато-вегетативные взаимоотношения

The review describes the history of the study of mental processes, the significance of the development of neuro-anatomy and pathology, neurology and psychiatry, as well as the opposition organic and functional representations in psychosomatics. The authors define the role of body-oriented bio-energy therapy, emotions, sympathetic and parasympathetic systems in the neuroses and psychoses. It is established the place of osteopa-thy, chiropractics in the correction of the musculoskeletal system disorders. The authors emphasize the impor-tance of psychosomatic approaches in holistic medicine and identify the significance of the International Classification of Diseases 10th revision in the systematization of neurotic disorders, borderline conditions. The review shows the role of emotions, emotional reactions on the autonomic-endocrine basis in causing stress.

UTILIZATION OF PULSED ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD AND TRADITIONAL PHYSIOTHERAPY IN KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS MANAGEMENT

Background and Objectives: Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) has been suggested as a treatment method for musculoskeletal system disorders. The present study was conducted to determine whether the addition of PEMF to traditional physical program produces better clinical outcomes than traditional physical program alone in the management of moderate knee osteoarthritis (OA). Design: A single-blinded, randomized controlled study Methods: Twenty subjects (5 men and 15 women) with unilateral moderate knee OA (Kellgren-Lawrence criteria grade 2). They were randomly allocated in 2 groups to receive: group (A) PEMF plus ultrasound plus exercises; or (B) ultrasound plus exercises. Both groups received the respective treatments 3 times per week for 4 weeks and underwent the same pretreatment and post treatment evaluation that included active knee range of motion (ROM) by universal goniometer, knee pain score by visual analogue scale (VAS) and knee functional performance by Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC). Result: There was an improvement in both groups in active knee flexion ROM, reduced VAS score and improved WOMAC index , however, all outcomes were significantly better in group (A) (p <0.05). Moreover, the percentages of outcomes improvement were in favor of group (A). Conclusion: The addition of PEMF to traditional physical program in managing OA produced a greater improvement in pain relief, range of motion and resulted in better functional performance than did traditional physical program alone. The improvement in current study should be limited to short term outcomes of PEMF.

Mesenchymal stem cells in facet joint articular cartilage regeneration: Potential future perspectives

Facet joint osteoarthritis (facet syndrome) has been suggested to be one of the key pain generators in degenerative spinal conditions. Treatment options for facet syndrome include physical therapy, intra-articular injections, radiofrequency ablation, and surgery. Tissue engineering offers promise for the treatment of various musculoskeletal system disorders. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have multipotent characteristics and can differentiate into various tissues including articular cartilage. In this article, we analyze the literature and emphasize potential advantages and future perspectives in the treatment of articular facet joint cartilage defects using MSCs.

A study on anti-tubercular drug-induced adverse reactions in South Indian district tuberculosis center

Background: An adverse drug reaction (ADR) is any response to a drug which is noxious and unintended occurs at doses normally used in man for prophylaxis, diagnosis or therapy of disease or the modification of physiological function, anti-tubercular drugs can cause ADR and involving almost all systems in the body including the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, liver, skin, nervous system, and eyes. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on tuberculosis (TB) patient. The suspected drug identified for ADRs and the type, nature, severity of reaction were recorded. A total of 239 patients were enrolled in the study. The patient was monitored the suspected ADRs were recorded and assessed for causality and severity. Results: Out of 239 patients, 60 (25.11%) developed one and more than one ADR. A maximum number of tubercular patients were in age group of 21-40 years (44.4%). The majority of patients were males (69%). Incidence of ADRs based on affected organ was GI system disorders (30.33%), skin and appendages disorders (23.62%), central and peripheral nervous system disorders (15.28%), musculo-skeletal system disorders and liver and biliary disorder (9.72% each), hearing disorder (5.55%), and visual disorder accounts of (2.78%). Conclusion: TB still becomes worldwide health problem not only on developing country but also in the developed country even the number of TB patients most large in the developing country. The importance of developing strategies to ameliorate ADRs both to improve the quality of patient care and to control TB safely.