Disorders In Women Research Articles

The Incidence of Postpartum Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Women Exposed to Adverse Childhood Experiences: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are known contributors to lifelong mental health challenges. Despite studies linking ACEs to increased risk of adverse postpartum mental health outcomes, a systematic review on the occurrence of postpartum post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in women with ACEs is lacking. A systematic search was conducted in seven databases to retrieve studies from inception to January 31, 2024. A random-effects model was used to quantify weighted estimates of postpartum PTSD incidence. Statistical analysis was conducted using R software. Seven studies were included in the system review. One study was identified as an outlier and excluded from the meta-analysis. Among the six remaining studies, 1186 women exposed to ACEs were identified, with 249 of them experiencing postpartum PTSD. The estimated incidence of postpartum PTSD among women exposed to ACEs was 22.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 16.1%-29.8%). Subgroup analysis revealed significant variations in incidence depending on study settings (p < 0.01) and PTSD assessment methods (p < 0.01). Due to multicollinearity among the primary variables, a meta-regression to identify factors influencing study heterogeneity was not conducted. The incidence of postpartum PTSD was 22.6% in women with ACEs, higher than that observed in the general obstetric population. This finding suggests the need to provide comprehensive postpartum care for these women.

Effectiveness of an Internet-Based Transdiagnostic Unified Protocol Intervention for the Treatment of Depressive and Anxiety Disorders in Women with Threatened Abortion: A Feasibility Study

Background: Despite the high prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorders among women with threatened abortion (TA), there is scant evidence regarding the efficacy of psychotherapies for this group Objectives: This research aimed to assess the effectiveness, acceptability, and feasibility of specific internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT-Specific) and unified protocol (iUP) for women with a TA. Methods: In this semi-experimental study (from April to October 2023), after the treatment content was prepared, a total of 80 pregnant women with TA, over 18 years of age, having a gestational age of 5 - 12 weeks, from a hospital and two private clinics, who were diagnosed with depressive and anxiety disorders based on the short structured diagnostic interview (Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview), were selected. The participants were divided into two groups, undergoing iUP or iCBT-specific psychotherapies. All participants completed the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18) to measure the levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms. Following eight weeks of internet-based therapy, consisting of eight 50-minute sessions, they completed the BSI-18 again, along with the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ-8) and the System Usability Scale (SUS). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 22 software, and t-test, paired t-test, and ANCOVA tests were used. Results: Both the iUP and iCBT-Specific models demonstrated high acceptability, and the average feasibility of treatment was above average for both models. In terms of acceptability and feasibility of treatment for women with TA, neither model proved to be superior (all P &gt; 0.05). Both iUP and iCBT-Specific models were effective in reducing depression and anxiety in these women (effect size for within groups were respectively Eta = 0.370, Eta = 0.536). Also, in terms of improving depression and anxiety, there was no significant difference in the effectiveness of iUP and iCBT-Specific treatments (respectively P = 0.146, Eta = 0.027 and P = 0.221, Eta = 0.019) Conclusions: The iUP treatment can be recognized as a reliable alternative to the iCBT-Specific method for alleviating depressive and anxiety symptoms in women with TA. Also, our results help gynecologists to use iUP as an alternative treatment when there is no definitive diagnosis of the type of disorder.

The Role of 11-Oxygenated Androgens and Endocrine Disruptors in Androgen Excess Disorders in Women.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and idiopathic hirsutism (IH) are androgen excess disorders requiring the determination of classic androgen levels for diagnosis. 11-oxygenated androgens have high androgenic potential, yet their clinical value in those disorders is not clear. Additionally, the role of endocrine disruptors (EDs), particularly in IH, remains understudied. We analyzed 25 steroids and 18 EDs in plasma samples from women with IH, PCOS, and controls using LC-MS/MS. Cytokine levels and metabolic parameters were assessed. Comparisons included non-obese women with PCOS (n = 10), women with IH (n = 12) and controls (n = 20), and non-obese versus obese women with PCOS (n = 9). Higher levels of 11-oxygenated androgens were observed in women with PCOS compared to those with IH, but not controls. Conversely, 11-oxygenated androgen levels were lower in women with IH compared to controls. Cytokine levels did not differ between women with IH and controls. Bisphenol A (BPA) levels were higher in obese women with PCOS compared to non-obese women with PCOS. Bisphenol S occurrence was higher in women with PCOS (90%) compared to controls (65%) and IH (50%). Significant correlations were found between androgens (11-ketotestosterone, androstenedione, testosterone) and insulin and HOMA-IR, as well as between immunomodulatory 7-oxygenated metabolites of DHEA and nine interleukins. Our data confirms that PCOS is a multiendocrine gland disorder. Higher BPA levels in obese women might exacerbate metabolic abnormalities. IH was not confirmed as an inflammatory state, and no differences in BPA levels suggest BPA does not play a role in IH pathogenesis.

Sleep Disorders in Women: What Should a Gynecologist Know?

Women often face sleep disturbances during key life stages such as adolescence, pregnancy, postpartum period, and perimenopause, influenced by hormonal fluctuations and conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and premenstrual syndrome (PMS). The goal is to explore women's sleep disorders as classified in the International Classification of Sleep Disorders-3 (ICSD-3). Through a literature review, this study assesses the management of sleep disorders in women, particularly focusing on the link between gynecological disease and sleep disorders. It scrutinizes landmark research in diagnosing and treating women's sleep disorders. Observations indicate that physiological changes during adolescence, pregnancy, postpartum, and perimenopause can cause sleep issues, commonly addressed by gynecologists. Conditions like PCOS and PMS are notably linked to increased sleep disorder occurrences. The conclusion underscores the importance of gynecologists' awareness of the heightened risk of sleep disturbances in women, who often present these issues during consultations.

Age at Menarche and Its Association With Adult-Onset Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders in Women: A Cross-Sectional Study of a Nationally Representative Sample Over 10 Years.

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) as well as related social costs and efforts is increasing. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between age at menarche and the risk of MetS, obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women over 30 years, using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010-2020). The analysis of 30 916 participants showed that early menarche (before 11 years) significantly increased the risk of obesity, diabetes, and MetS compared with the median age of 14 years. Late menarche (after 17 years) was also linked to MetS and related disorders. The relationship between age at menarche (at <10 years and >19 years) and the risk of MetS and related disorders exhibited a reversed J-shaped (し) pattern characterized by a pronounced increased risk among those who experience early menarche, whereas the increased risk associated with late menarche was less consistent. These results will help to decrease the risk of MetS and related disorders by enabling early intervention in early and late menarche age groups.

Diagnosis and Management of Pelvic Venous Disorders in Women.

Pelvic venous reflux and obstruction can lead to chronic pelvic pain and extra-pelvic varicosities. This paper will discuss the contemporary understanding of this pathophysiology and its clinical manifestations. It will review evidence-based clinical and imaging criteria of pelvic venous disorders, data supporting benefit from venous interventions, criticisms of the available data and highlight evidence research gaps that exist. Finally, it will argue that comparative outcomes research utilizing standardized patient selection for embolization and stenting, embolization treatment strategies that eliminate the pelvic varices (at least to start), and clinically relevant outcome measures are necessary to establish the benefit of vascular treatments.

Негормональный подход к коррекции расстройств ранней постменопаузы у женщин с инсомнией

Климактерические расстройства ранней постменопаузы имеют очевидную связь с нарушениями выработки нейротрансмиттеров, что позволяет эффективно использовать фитоэстрогены для лечения расстройств, ассоциированных с менопаузой. Изофлавоны красного клевера проявляют достаточную эффективность в дозе 40 мг на симптомы (достоверное улучшение вазомоторного, соматического, психосоциального и сексуального компонентов качества жизни в 1,08–1,64 раза) при приеме в течение 12 недель. Продемонстрирован приемлемый профиль безопасности их использования при длительном применении не менее 12 недель. Climacteric disorders of early postmenopause have a clear association with impaired neurotransmitter production, suggesting that phytoestrogens can be effectively used to treat menopause-associated disorders. Red clover isoflavones exhibit sufficient efficacy at a dose of 40 mg for symptoms (significant 1.08–1.64-fold improvement in vasomotor, somatic, psychosocial and sexual components of quality of life) when taken for 12 weeks. An acceptable safety profile of their use in long-term use for at least 12 weeks has been demonstrated.

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Women in Post-Natal Period

Objective: To assess and evaluate the presence of post-traumatic stress disorder and its associated factors affecting the women in post-natal period. Material and Methods: Data was collected through a cross-sectional survey from February 2023-July, 2023 at the Department of obstetrics and gynaecology, Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital Lahore and 101 women fulfilling various diagnostic criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder in post-natal period were included in the study. PTSD symptoms were assessed using the “City Birth Trauma Scale” (CBTS) questionnaire including various stratification of events. SPSS 27.0 software was used for data analysis. Results: The results showed the possible outcome of several factors such as mode of delivery, family system, support and terms with partner or any previous psychiatric illness/PTSD or PTSD following child birth. Women with partner support had a significantly lower incidence of distress &amp; impairment symptoms (33.3%) compared to those without support (81.8%) as p&lt;.05. Conclusion: Our study depicted statistically significant link between PTSD criteria for distress and impairment and partner support and good terms with partner. Given that, partner support ought to be more than what is provided to lower the incidence of PTSD in women following child birth.

Risk Factors for Peripartum Mood Disorders in Women with MS: A Prospective Study (P4-6.014)

Risk Factors for Peripartum Mood Disorders in Women with MS: A Prospective Study (P4-6.014)

Predicting Co-Occurring Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders in Women: An Automated Machine Learning Approach

Significant clinical overlap exists between mental health and substance use disorders, especially among women. The purpose of this research is to leverage an AutoML (Automated Machine Learning) interface to predict and distinguish co-occurring mental health (MH) and substance use disorders (SUD) among women. By employing various modeling algorithms for binary classification, including Random Forest, Gradient Boosted Trees, XGBoost, Extra Trees, SGD, Deep Neural Network, Single-Layer Perceptron, K Nearest Neighbors (grid), and a super learning model (constructed by combining the predictions of a Random Forest model and an XGBoost model), the research aims to provide healthcare practitioners with a powerful tool for earlier identification, intervention, and personalised support for women at risk. The present research presents a machine learning (ML) methodology for more accurately predicting the co-occurrence of mental health (MH) and substance use disorders (SUD) in women, utilising the Treatment Episode Data Set Admissions (TEDS-A) from the year 2020 (n = 497,175). A super learning model was constructed by combining the predictions of a Random Forest model and an XGBoost model. The model demonstrated promising predictive performance in predicting co-occurring MH and SUD in women with an AUC = 0.817, Accuracy = 0.751, Precision = 0.743, Recall = 0.926 and F1 Score = 0.825. The use of accurate prediction models can substantially facilitate the prompt identification and implementation of intervention strategies.

Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) and Vaginal Microbiome Disorders in Women Suffering from Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial, heterogeneous endocrine and metabolic disorder in women. Due to its association with the menstrual cycle and fertility disorders, the importance of this problem is emphasized especially in patients of reproductive age. Based on a number of analyses, the effect of PCOS on altering the diversity of the microbiome (e.g., intestinal or vaginal) is suggested. Vaginal dysbiosis can result in BV (bacterial vaginosis). The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of BV in patients with PCOS, as well as to determine the most reliable diagnostic factors. Material and Methods: Retrospective analysis of microbiological findings (2018-2022) of PCOS patients (n = 594) of reproductive age. The present analysis focused on the results of patients with PCOS (n = 380) and vaginal discharge with pH ≥ 4.4 and suspected BV. Biological material was a vaginal swab/vaginal secretion. The most commonly used routine methods for assessing BV were the Amsel analysis and the Nugent scoring system. Results: Patients with PCOS and vaginal fluid pH ≥ 4.4 and suspected BV (n = 380) accounted for 64% of all PCOS patients (n = 594). The relationship between pH and detection of "clue cells" showed significant dependency and increased with leukocytes. The pH measurement also showed dependency on high G. vaginalis counts. In addition, the elimination of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in vaginal secretions was associated with an increase in the number of leukocytes with increasing pH values. A marked increase in G. vaginalis was found in more than half (56.8%) of PCOS women (n = 380) with suspected BV. No dependency was observed between the absence of LAB and the diagnosis of BV on a positive G. vaginalis culture. Of the n = 380 patients with PCOS, 191 (50%) had a Nugent score ≥ 7 positive for BV. No dependency was observed between the number of patients with Candida sp. in vaginal secretions and pH, BV (with clue cells), or elevated leukocyte levels. The LRM was adjusted and the statistical model represented by the following formula was obtained: log(p/(1 - p)) = -1.18 + 1.24 × Group4.6 + 1.08 × Group4.8 + 1.66 × Group5.4. Conclusions: Based on the present analysis, BV appears to be more common in patients with PCOS than in the non-PCOS population. Chronic inflammation in PCOS patients and abnormalities in the vaginal microbiome may predispose to the development of BV. In women with PCOS, BV may be one of the unrecognized causes of infertility or complications of pregnancy. Despite the potential link between PCOS and the development of BV, the extent to which this syndrome contributes to vaginal dysbiosis and reproductive complications requires further study.

Sleep Disorders in Women

Sleep Disorders in Women

Prevalence of Menstrual Disorder in Women and Its Correlation to Body Mass Index and Physical Activity.

Regular menstruation represents reproductive health and quality of life of women. However, many women suffer from menstrual disorders at some point in their life. The occurrence of such abnormalities is affected by two key factors: BMI and physical activity. This study aims to analyse the relationship of these two factors to menstrual disorders. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 502 women in Uttar Pradesh, India, from July 2021 to January 2023. Samples were selected using purposive sampling technique. The data were analysed using Pearson's Chi-square test on MS Excel 2013 and IBM SPSS 29.0.0.0 (240) software. Mean age of the research subjects was 25.84 + 6.30years, mean weight was 60.29 + 11.22kg, mean height was 155.34 + 11.77cm, and mean BMI was 25.36 + 6.06kg. 68.92% subjects had regular age at menarche. Most common menstrual disorders were PMS (41.63%) and dysmenorrhea (28.29%). As per BMI categories, most disorders were found in obese (94.87%) and underweight (93.62%) subjects. As per physical activity categories, most disorders were found in low (76.55%) and high (76.40%) category subjects. A significant relationship was found between menstrual disorder and BMI (χ2 = 80.49, p < 0.001) and physical activity (χ2 = 70.09, p < 0.001). The menstrual disorders in women are significantly related to their BMI and physical activity. Women are advised to focus on having a balanced, nutritious diet and indulge in moderate physical activity to improve their reproductive health and quality of life.

Sexual Disorders in Women: Causes and their Correction

Introduction: Difficulties caused by sexual disorders can lead to psychological problems in women associated with feelings of loneliness, shame, alienation, conflicts, and physical and psychological violence, therefore this issue needs detailed consideration. This research was conducted since sexual health is an integral part of a woman’s life and inextricably affects psychological well-being, a sense of happiness, and quality of life. Objectives: The research aimed to identify the prerequisites for the occurrence of sexual disorders and to select methods for effective psychocorrection. Methods: Several research methods were used in the work, such as dialectical, interpretive, synthesis and analysis, and questionnaire. The causes of sexual dysfunctions in women were analyzed, the relationship with psychological, physiological, and interpersonal factors was described, and the diagnostic criteria of certain types of disorders and their prevalence were given. The consequences of sexual disorders on the general psychological state of women and their relationships with partners are emphasized.

Insomnia as a Risk Factor for Substance Use Disorders in Women.

Gender differences exist for both insomnia and substance use disorders. Women show a higher prevalence of insomnia and increased susceptibility to the effects of drugs than men. Importantly, a growing body of evidence suggests that insufficient sleep predicts and puts individuals at a higher risk for substance use and associated psychosocial problems. However, the role of insomnia in substance use disorders among women remains poorly understood. The present article discusses gender differences in insomnia and in substance use disorders and reviews evidence suggesting that an increased prevalence of insomnia may be a risk factor for substance use disorders in women.

Psychosomatic Disorder in Women with Exposure to Violence or Stress

Psychosomatic Disorder in Women with Exposure to Violence or Stress

Why More Prevalence of Thyroid Disorders in Women in Present Scenario

It is no surprise that women nowadays face a slew of health challenges. Thyroid dysfunctions, which are primarily caused by an imbalance of thyroid hormones are growing more frequent, with the American Thyroid Association estimating that one out of every eight women may experience thyroid challenges over her lifetime. Furthermore, it is expected that women are 5 to 8 times more prone than males to acquire thyroid issues. Because of modernity and increased stress in everyday life, Vega dharana, hormonal changes, iodine insufficiency, auto-immune disorders resulting in numerous endocrinal disorders in females. Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism is a prevalent endocrine illness that affects people all over the world. These figures point to an increase in the number of women experiencing health issues such as menstrual cycle imbalance, polycystic ovarian syndrome, sudden weight gain or loss, hypertension, lethargy, dry skin and hair, constipation and so on, all of which have their own effects on the body and are directly or indirectly related. The review will be useful in understanding the pathophysiology of Thyroid disorders and changing the disease's treatment regimen.

Investigation of the Effects of Reformer Pilates Exercises on Posture Disorder in Women

Sedentary people have some chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and obesity also postural disorders. Postural disorders affect the quality of life of the person negatively and increase the risk of musculoskeletal problems. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of reformer pilates on posture in sedentary women with posture disorders. The study included 40 sedentary women with posture disorder (age mean. 21.11±.832 years; height mean. 162.22±5.745 cm; body weight mean. 55.94±9.352 kg) were included. An exercise programme was applied to the participants 3 days a week (90 minutes/day) for 8 weeks. Posture assessment of the participants for pre- and post-tests was performed using computerised photogrammetry and the obtained photographs were analysed in PostureScreen® (PostureCo Inc., Trinity, FL, USA) mobile application. The data obtained as a result of the study were analysed with SPSS 22.0 statistical package programme. Shapiro-Wilks test was used to determine the conformity of the variables to normal distribution, and Paired Samples T-Test was used for pre- and post-exercise comparisons. As a result of the analysis; a statistically significant difference was found in the total posterior angle values of the participants. (p

Prevalence of Psychological Disorders in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Aim: This study is aimed to assess, for the first time the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and associated psychological disorders among women at reproductive age from a state in southeastern US. Results: Collected data from 166,748 females (19-45 years) showed 1.4% (95% CI: 1.32-1.44) prevalence of PCOS in women seen in UMMC clinics during the period of study. Almost 51% of patients with PCOS suffered from one or more psychological disorders; anxiety 21% (95% CI: 19.3-22.6), depression 20% (95% CI: 18.9-22.1), ADHD 3.2% (95% CI: 2.6-4.0), bipolar disorder 2.5% (95% CI: 1.9-3.2). In addition, prevalence values suggest a positive correlation between obesity, anxiety, and depression in PCOS Patients.

A Comparative Study of the Frequency of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder in Women with and without Eczema in Yazd City in 2019

Introduction: About one thirds of the patients referred to skin clinics worldwide have psychological diseases. Eczema is one of the most common skin diseases in this group. Therefore, our aim was to compare the frequency of obsessive-compulsive disorder in women with and without eczema.&#x0D; Methods: This was a descriptive-cross-sectional study that was conducted as a case-control study, in which 120 people in two groups with and without eczema who referred to the Bagaipour Skin Clinic in Yazd City were examined by the Yale-Brown questionnaire in terms of symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder. The frequency and intensity of obsession in the above two groups were investigated with demographic variables and other possible risk factors. Frequency, mean and standard deviation tests, descriptive statistical tests and ANOVA were used and the confidence level of these tests was considered to be 80%. The analysis was done by SPSS version 16 statistical software.&#x0D; Results: The average age of the patients with eczema was 27.5±8 and the duration of eczema was 39.8±69 months. In the patients with eczema compared to those without eczema, there was a significant relationship among positive family history of eczema (P=0.25), irritant contact dermatitis (P=0.03), number of bathing times per week (P=0.009), duration of each bathing (P=0.038) has a. The level of obsession in the patients with eczema was significantly higher than those without eczema (P = 0.013).&#x0D; Conclusion: The prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder in the patients referred to skin clinics was significantly higher than the general population, and this rate was higher in skin patients referred with eczema.