Disorders In Postmenopausal Women Research Articles

Age-related Normal Uptake of 99mTc-MDP in the Lower Spine

The uptake of 99mTc-MDP in the lower spine was quantified in connection with ordinary bone scintigraphy. Fifty-seven women and seventy-two men (aged 20-69 y), with no signs of metabolic or malignant disease and no history of back pain or atraumatic fractures, were included in the study. The women showed an increase in 99mTc-MDP uptake from the age of 20 y to about 45 y with a decrease from the time of menopause. In contrast to women, the uptake in men showed a slight decrease from the age of 20 y to about 50 y and thereafter a more marked decrease was seen. The major difference between men and women is the high premenopausal uptake in the female skeleton. An understanding of age-related changes in 99mTc-MDP uptake, which are indices of the skeletal metabolism, is of importance especially in prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, a common disorder in postmenopausal women.

Transvaginal Ultrasonography of Endometrial Disorders in Postmenopausal Women

Transvaginal Ultrasonography of Endometrial Disorders in Postmenopausal Women

Prevalence of uro-genital disorders in postmenopausal women in Norway

Prevalence of uro-genital disorders in postmenopausal women in Norway

Low dose oral estriol treatment in elderly women with urogenital infections

SummaryForty-one female geriatric in-patients with recurrent urogenital infections took part in a cross-over intervention study with oral estriol as an alternative to antibiotics.After one month of treatment with a dosage of 3 mg/day the vaginal flora of all patients showed a dominance of Lactobacilli, whereas without estriol treatment the flora was of a fecal type in two-third of the cases. In all women the atrophic vaginal mucosa became restored and well vascularised.Antibiotics were given 16 times more often during the period without estriol treatment.It is concluded that treatment with estriol• restores the normal premenopausal vaginal flora and mucosa• prevents urogenital infections and disorders in postmenopausal women.

Low dose oral estriol treatment in elderly women with urogenital infections.

SummaryForty‐one female geriatric in‐patients with recurrent urogenital infections took part in a cross‐over intervention study with oral estriol as an alternative to antibiotics.After one month of treatment with a dosage of 3 mg/day the vaginal flora of all patients showed a dominance of Lactobacilli, whereas without estriol treatment the flora was of a fecal type in two‐third of the cases. In all women the atrophic vaginal mucosa became restored and well vascularised.Antibiotics were given 16 times more often during the period without estriol treatment.It is concluded that treatment with estriol• restores the normal premenopausal vaginal flora and mucosa• prevents urogenital infections and disorders in postmenopausal women.

Responses in ovariectomized cows to repeated injections of thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH) and to oestradiol benzoate (ODB)

In the United States and Canada, there are no approved treatments for hypoactive sexual desire disorder in postmenopausal women. Testosterone improves female sexual desire in naturally- and surgically-menopausal women maintained on estrogen replacement therapy, and long-term safety data from randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials has yielded promising results. However, the mechanisms associated with its efficacy are not known, and could be addressed using preclinical rodent models; yet there is no systematic evaluation of the effects of estradiol and testosterone on female rat sexual behavior. The aim of these studies was to assess whether testosterone propionate (TP) facilitates sexual behaviors, particularly appetitive sexual behaviors, in Long-Evans and Wistar ovariectomized (OVX) rats primed with estradiol benzoate (EB). In Experiment 1, Long-Evans OVX rats were treated with Oil (O), 10 μg EB + O, O + 200 μg TP, 10 μg EB + 500 μg progesterone (P), or 10 μg EB + 200 μg TP. In Experiment 2a, Wistar OVX rats were treated with varying doses of EB (2.5, 5, or 10 μg) 48 h prior, and TP (0, 200, or 400 μg) 4 h prior to testing in a Latin-Square design. A subset of animals was used in Experiment 2b and treated sequentially with EB (0, 2.5, 5, or 10 μg) followed by TP (0, 200, or 400 μg, in a Latin-Square design) 48 h prior to sexual behavior testing. All tests occurred in the bilevel pacing chamber. Frequencies of female appetitive (hops/darts, solicitations, level changes) and consummatory (lordosis quotient and magnitude) sexual behaviors as well as the number of defensive behaviors towards males were scored. Number of mounts, intromissions and ejaculations from males were also scored. In EB-primed OVX Long-Evans rats, 200 μg TP administered 4 h prior to testing facilitated hops/darts and lordosis ratings beyond EB alone, and to levels equivalent to EB + P. In contrast, that regimen was not successful in EB-primed OVX Wistar rats. When EB and TP were co-administered 48 h prior to testing, 10 μg EB + 200 μg TP significantly increased hops/darts and level changes beyond that observed by 10 μg EB alone. In summary, the administration of EB and TP to OVX Long-Evans and Wistar rats facilitates appetitive measures of sexual behavior. Strain differences exist that likely reflect underlying differences in sensitivities to EB, and the EB-primed OVX Long-Evans rat may be useful for studying mechanisms of TP-facilitation of desire due to higher baseline sexual inhibition.

Hormone Implants for Urinary Disorders in Postmenopausal Women

Urinary disorders associated with the menopause were studied in 300 postmenopausal women between the ages of 45 and 85; 210 were multiparous and 90 nulliparous. The presenting urinary symptom was dysuria in 60 patients and incontinence in 100 patients. In the latter group, 25 had urgency-incontinence, 45 stress-incontinence, and 30 a combined form. The distal part of the urethra, being of the same embryologic origin as the genital tract, is estrogen-dependent. Hormone replacement in the form of implants resulted in improvement in 70 percent of the patients and thus reduced the need for surgical intervention.

Bone Mineral Density Measurement in Menopausal Women Presenting with Low Back Pain: A Prospective Study

Bone mineral densitometry was done in 107 women in their post-menopausal period using Dualenergy X-ray absorptiometry method. All the patients were presented with low back pain.Quantification of bone mineral density was done in proximal femur and lumber spines of all thepatients. Sixty-eight patients showed normal bone mineral density in our study. Rest 39 patientsshowed declination of bone mineral density from mild osteopenia to severe osteoporosis. Weconclude that Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry bone mineral measurement is an unique, noninvasivemethod of detecting bone mass disorder in post-menopausal women with low backpain and should be the first choice of investigation.doi: 10.3329/taj.v15i2.3909TAJ December 2002; Vol.15(2):64-67