Issues Of Discrimination Research Articles

Discrimination in the hiring process – state of the art and implications for policymakers

PurposeDespite the increasing heterogeneity of the organizational workforce – as a consequence of major worldwide socioeconomic trends – a considerable number of studies shows how traditionally underrepresented groups still face significant barriers in entering the labor market. Literature has highlighted several grounds for discrimination: ethnicity, age, gender, religion, social status, sexual orientation, etc., and while some of these are extensively investigated (e.g. ethnicity), other fields are still gaining evidence (e.g. social status).Design/methodology/approachIn the current paper, we aim at providing a review of current experimental studies aimed at detecting discrimination in hiring and the possible interventions to reduce bias. Then, we offer a point of reflection for policymaking, analyzing whether such issue should be addressed at the level of the individual (i-frame) or rather at a more systemic level (s-frame).FindingsThe paper provides substantial evidence that discrimination in hiring still exists, despite the never greater pressure for firms’ social sustainability. Further, existing interventions appear to have an overall limited impact in reducing bias. Hence, we suggest that the issue of discrimination in hiring should be tackled at a systemic level, by means of s-frame interventions.Originality/valueThe paper offers a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon by systematizing the existing body of knowledge deriving from empirical research and offering a broad perspective onto policy implications.

Transforming workplace diversity and HRD: towards a critical HRD framework for radical intentionality

ABSTRACT This article explores the evolution of diversity in HRD and explicates various tools for workplace diversity. Based on the Bierema-Callahan model of critical HRD, the literature review outlines four phases of evolution: organising by diversity management, learning from diversity training and higher education curriculum, changing to social justice and intersectional diversity, and relating through diversity intelligence. Each phase reflects the shifts in conceptualisations of workplace diversity and corresponding HRD actions and responses. The discussion introduces the concept of radical intentionality in HRD, emphasising the need for intentional transformative actions to address lingering systemic issues of workplace discrimination and marginalisation. Furthermore, it proposes a framework illustrating how HRD tools for workplace diversity can be deployed within four areas of HRD engagement to positively impact workplace experiences for diverse employees. Implications for HRD practitioners include informed decision-making in selecting appropriate tools for diversity initiatives and evaluating their effectiveness. Future research opportunities involve identifying new tools and intended impacts, advancing the quest for social justice and workplace inclusion for all.

Possibilities: A commentary on creative aging

This commentary offers a critical and personal perspective on Adams-Price and Morse’s “Creativity, aging, context and culture: Reimagining creativity in everyday life in older adults.” The commentary provides a close reading of the authors’ premise which argues for bridging creativity theory and research on creative aging. The commentary also suggests next steps, emphasizing the need to engage with contemporary issues of privilege and discrimination.

Вплив штучного інтелекту на права людини та загальні рекомендації для сталого втілення

The relevance of the topic is due to the development of artificial intelligence (AI), one of the most important technological trends of our time, which has a significant impact on human rights and various aspects of human life. AI is developing extremely fast. This creates new challenges for human rights that need to be addressed immediately. It is important to understand how technology can change our society and what measures should be taken to protect human rights. The article explores the impact of AI development on human rights, emphasizing both positive and negative aspects of technological progress. The author analyzes how AI can threaten the right to privacy through the collecting and processing of large amounts of data, which can lead to a loss of control over personal information. The author considers the impact of AI on access to information, where algorithms can create information bubbles, limiting the variety of information received. Attention is drawn to possible restrictions on freedom of expression through algorithmic censorship of content, which may lead to restrictions on freedom of speech. The use of AI in the judicial system may affect the fairness of court decisions, especially if the algorithms have biases or errors. The author traces the impact of automation on the labor market and the risks of job losses and the need to find a balance between technological progress and employment. In the healthcare sector, AI can both improve diagnosis and treatment and create new challenges due to possible algorithmic errors and unequal access to medical technologies. In education, the use of AI opens up new opportunities but also creates barriers to access to knowledge, especially for vulnerable groups. The author emphasizes the importance of taking human rights into account in the context of climate risks. The author raises the issues of discrimination and restriction of freedom of movement due to biased algorithms. The author emphasizes the need to develop regulatory mechanisms to protect human rights in the context of the rapid development of AI, ensuring a balance between innovation and human rights protection, and provides a number of clear recommendations.

Upaya Pemerintah Dalam Mengelola Diversity Sumber Daya Manusia Di Kecamatan Gunungsitoli Barat

Kecamatan Gunungsitoli Barat is an area rich in cultural diversity, religion and strong customary traditions, and is inhabited by people with diverse ethnic backgrounds, including Batak and Malay. This diversity, although a great potential, also presents challenges for sub-district government organizations, especially in managing ethnic and cultural differences that can trigger social tensions. Issues of discrimination and unequal access to economic resources and employment opportunities are also issues that require serious attention. In addition, the limited political participation of some groups threatens the balance of representation in the sub-district government. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method to identify the challenges faced by the sub-district government in managing human resource diversity. The results show that appropriate strategies and policies are needed to create harmony in managing such diversity. Three main efforts that can be made by the sub-district government include: a) organizing cross-cultural training programs, b) implementing inclusive policies to ensure equal opportunities for all individuals, and c) building a monitoring and evaluation system to ensure effectiveness and transparency in managing HR diversity.

Multigenerational Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander Families’ Perspectives on Health and Well-Being

Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders (NHPIs) are peoples diverse in culture and history who are too often represented as a monolithic entity, a tendency that undermines efforts to ameliorate health inequities. The current study represents a partnership between academic researchers and a community organization serving NHPIs, in which space was held for five multigenerational NHPI families ( N = 15 family members) to share their experiences with educational and healthcare systems, including issues of discrimination and barriers to accessing services. Qualitative analysis of the interviews identified four themes: Cultural Values and Strengths; Mental Health—Past, Present, and Future Directions; Systemic Racism and Discrimination; and Need for Culturally Informed and Linguistically Accessible Healthcare. These results, including the importance of family systems within NHPI cultures, positive intergenerational shifts in mental health, and the pervasive impacts of colonization on health, are discussed in terms of implications for the health of NHPI communities.

Fulani herder-farmer identity conflict in West Africa with a particular focus on security implications for Nigeria

ABSTRACT In recent years, the Nigerian populace has been affected by the menace of Fulani herder-farmer clashes. Conflict between Fulani herder and farmers which poses far reaching consequences in almost all geopolitical zones of the country has been attributed to weak security institutions and architecture, vast ungoverned spaces, ethnic cleansing tendencies, illegal migration, the search for pastures to mitigate adverse effect of global warming and climate change. While existing arguments on the causes and implications of Fulani herder and farmers remain valid, I contend, using the conceptual-theoretical nexus framework and drawing from secondary source of data that dealing with these factors are exiguous without dealing with the root cause (identity conflict) of the menace. The study argues that the psycho-social disposition, beliefs and stereotypes instigate Fulani herder-farmer clashes to the extent of threatening Nigeria’s nationhood. The study also affirms that the phenomenon of identity conflict is a long-term neglected social issue of discrimination and structural exclusion of the Fulani group from benefiting from the commonwealth of natural resources based on the locomotive nature of their traditional occupation. It is therefore concluded that identity conflict though the root cause of the Fulani herder-farmer conflicts is more for economic survival than ethnic affiliation.

Perceptions of Care and Perceived Discrimination: A Qualitative Assessment of Adults Living with Sickle Cell Disease.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a major public health concern with significant associated economic costs. Although the disease affects all ethnic groups, about 90% of individuals living with sickle cell disease in the USA are Black/African American. The purpose of this study was to assess the health care discrimination experiences of adults living with SCD and the quality of the relationship with their health care providers. We conducted six focus groups from October 2018 to March 2019 with individuals receiving care at a specialized adult sickle cell program outpatient clinic at a private, nonprofit tertiary medical center and teaching hospital in the northeastern USA. The sample of 18 participants consisted of groups divided by gender and current use, past use, or never having taken hydroxyurea. Ten (56%) participants were males; most were Black/African American (83%) and had an average age of 39.4years. This study reports a qualitative, thematic analysis of two of 14 areas assessed by a larger study: experiences of discrimination and relationships with providers. Participants described experiences of bias related to their diagnosis of SCD as well as their race, and often felt stereotyped as "drug-seeking." They also identified lack of understanding about SCD and poor communication as problematic and leading to delays in care. Finally, participants provided recommendations on how to address issues of discrimination.

Dating apps as health allies? Examining the opportunities and challenges of dating apps as partners in public health

In recent years, dating apps have become important allies in public health. In this paper, we explore the implications of partnering with dating apps for health promotion. We consider the...

Beyond Convenience: Exploring the Hidden Impact of Algorithmic Pricing on Consumer Trust and Loyalty in Chinese Online Travel Agencies

ABSTRACTThe emergence of online travel agencies (OTAs) provides travelers with “one‐stop” convenience, but also faces issues of price discrimination. This mixed‐methods study began with semi‐structured interviews of 30 participants to explore initial perceptions, followed by a survey of 307 Chinese consumers. The study examined attitudes toward OTA overreliance on algorithmic pricing and unclear information, and their impact on trust and loyalty. Findings reveal that during peak seasons, regular customers without value‐added membership services paid higher room rates than new customers. The results indicate that once trust is established through clear information quality and reliable service, consumers are less wary of pricing quotes. The conclusion summarizes the findings and suggests further research to promote transparent and fair pricing practices, enhancing consumer trust and loyalty.

Analysing Discrimination based on Genetic Information

This paper analyzes and critiques existing literature on discrimination based on genetic information collected during genetic tests of individuals and the legal issues attached therewith. Genetic variations, which can lower or raise disease risk, result from the inheritance of parental genes. Subjecting individuals to stigmatization based on their unique ancestry or genetic status raises legitimate concerns. The literature review reveals that the issue of discrimination based on genetic information has occurred in countries like the United States and Canada. Accordingly, concerns regarding new forms of discrimination arising from the collection of information during genetic testing have grown over the decades in the wake of technological advancements in biotechnology, health, and allied sciences, as several studies have revealed. On the contrary, more material sufficiency in India necessitates consulting data from various disciplines. A conceptual framework is proposed to examine the theoretical foundations of non-discrimination provisions, compare genetic information non-discrimination legislation in the United States and Canada to India, and evaluate the practicality of implementing such laws in India. The initial testing of this framework suggests that due to insufficient legislation, there may be a need for enforceable measures to mitigate genetic information-related discrimination in India. The research problem requires qualitative research to gain an in-depth comprehension of experiences, phenomena, and context. This paper makes two main contributions: establishing a comprehensive background to allow comparisons by scholars and policymakers on the matter and helping to further the debate on the subject to generate value-based research regarding the ethical, legal, and social impacts of genetic research and anti-discrimination laws.KEYWORDS: Non-discrimination, Genetics and law, Literature review, Genetic discrimination.

Characteristics of Moderate Da'wah in The View of Abdul Mun'im

The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of moderate Islamic da'wah in the view of H. Abdul Mun'im. This qualitative study uses an analytical-narrative approach. The values of wasathiyah Islamic teachings become the theory of analysis of the subject matter of the study. Research data were obtained through observation techniques on Youtbue content about Ustadz H. Abdul Mun'im's da'wah entitled "Dakwah Wasathiyah" on the Tawaf TV Channel. Meanwhile, data analysis goes through the stages of data reduction, presentation, and verification. This study concludes that there are dimensions of wasathiyah Islamic values in the perspective of H. Abdul Mun'im in describing moderate Islamic preaching, including the value of tasamuth in preaching that respects differences in dialogue between religions and mass organizations. Then, the value of tawazun in da'wah that prohibits issues of extremism and gender discrimination. Furthermore, the value of tawasuth in da'wah that prohibits conflicts between mazhab differences and terrorism. The findings of this study confirm that the mainstreaming of moderate Islamic da'wah in Indonesia can be internalised through digital da'wah activities. The limitations of this study have not identified the concrete form of H Abdul Mun'im's moderate Islamic da'wah in the community.

A female advantage in asylum application decisions? A gendered analysis of decisions on asylum applications in Italy from 2008 to 2022

Women constitute over half of the global refugee population, yet they are underrepresented among asylum-seeker applicants in Europe. In this study, we analyse asylum application decisions in Italy between 2008 and 2022 using Eurostat data and a comprehensive set of indicators to assess political conditions and gender discrimination in the applicants’ countries of origin. Our analysis unveils a limited ‘female advantage’ in asylum applications, revealing a complex relationship between gender, country of origin characteristics, and the asylum decision process. Interestingly, the observed advantage for women is contingent on the applicant's country of origin. In countries marked by war, autocracy, or severe discrimination towards women, the gender of the applicants does not significantly correlate with asylum decisions, as recognition rates are high for both men and women. Conversely, women from countries with moderate political and discrimination issues have higher chances of success than men in their asylum applications. The understanding of how gender intersects with other factors in asylum decisions is imperative for developing more equitable asylum policies and practices.

Representation of Violence Against Women in Shashi Deshpande's The Dark Holds No Terror and The Binding Vine

Shashi Deshpande is one of the prominent female authors in the Indian writing in English who paved the path of a ‘new woman’ for a glorious and hopeful future. Though the female characters initially appear to be subordinated and subjugated but ultimately, they struggle against the patriarchal prejudices and stereotypes to make a mark of their own. The paper aims to bring out how violence has been used to suppress and subjugate women in a patriarchal setup by exploring Shashi Deshpande's The Dark Holds No Terrors and The Binding Vine. The Dark Holds No Terrors exposed the sensitive issue of marital rape and gender discrimination while The Binding Vine shows women facing violence through rape, marital rape, mental harassment and gender discrimination.

Diskriminasi Sosial dalam Novel Rasina karya Iksaka Banu

This study endeavors to provide an academic account of the social class division depicted in the novel Rasina by Iksaka Banu, as well as an analysis of the portrayal of social discrimination and its implications in the narrative. The primary focus of this research is the novel Rasina, authored by Iksaka Banu and published in 2023. The research employs a descriptive literary research methodology, scrutinizing the words, phrases, clauses, and sentences pertaining to social class, discrimination, and the characters' dialogue and actions within the novel. The data collection technique employed encompasses reading and comprehending the novel, recording the pertinent data, and organizing it based on the research inquiries. The data analysis comprises several stages: (1) identifying data pertinent to social classes, discrimination, and its impact within the novel, (2) analyzing the accumulated data, and (3) presenting conclusions concerning the issue of social discrimination in a thesis format. The findings of this study disclose the various strata of social classes in Rasina, encompassing the bourgeoisie, petty bourgeoisie, middle class, labor aristocracy, proletariat, and lumpenproletariat. Furthermore, the study identifies two manifestations of social discrimination in the novel: direct and indirect. Lastly, the research examines the physical and psychological repercussions of social discrimination in Rasina.

FROM REFLECTION TO SOCIAL CHANGE: TRAINING IN DEVELOPING GENDER COMPETENCE FOR SOCIAL WORKERS

Training social workers with a focus on gender competence is regarded as a key element of contemporary social work, grounded in the principles of social justice. Taking this into account, we have developed an educational concept for a training program aimed at developing the gender competence of social workers providing services to families in difficult life circumstances, based on the theoretical foundations of transformative social work practice and feminist approach. Key components of the training that contribute to achieving the learning objectives include interactive exercises, role-playing games, and guided fantasy, allowing participants to immerse themselves not only theoretically but also emotionally in the issues of gender stereotypes and discrimination. The use of such methods promotes the development of critical thinking, increases awareness of personal biases and stereotypes, and stimulates a desire to change social norms and practices towards greater gender equality. Integration of gender issues into non-formal education curricula for social workers, the implementation of reflective training based on interactive methods and participants' reflection on their own experiences, contribute to a deeper understanding and practical application of this knowledge in working with vulnerable groups. This not only promotes the personal development of professionals but also leads to positive social changes, improving the quality and effectiveness of the services provided. Further research is needed to explore the long-term impact of gender-oriented training on the professional activities of social workers. It is important to explore how changes in gender consciousness and the development of gender competence affect the quality and effectiveness of social services provided.

Transformation of Women from Silent Lambs to Rational Nightingales in Shakespeare’s Play “Taming of the Shrew” and its Modern Re-Writing “Vinegar Girl”

Throughout the centuries, every individual living in society takes certain bias and beliefs into centre. These beliefs determine the way they treat each other and play a crucial role in daily life. Gender as a notion affects general perception of women’s role at this point. In this study, the subject matter of gender inequality and discrimination will be handled in Shakespeare’s well-known play “Taming Of The Shrew” and its modern interpretation named “Vinegar Girl” in terms of representation of women according to social codes. Thus, the difference between sex and gender will be firstly examined in a detailed way. As a debated matter, gender is a social construct whereas sex is based on biological level. Then, the universality of Shakespeare’s plays are still there since the social regulations and codes have validity in the modern world. In this sense, no matter how many years have passed, the characters in the novel of “Vinegar Girl” present the issue of discrimination and inequality between women and men on social level. The aim of this study is to highlight accepted role of women in society through various discourses, acts and behaviours. For this reason, descriptive research method which describes the features of phenomenon will be used to get necessary information about stated problem. Furthermore, the discussions about women’s perception as gender roles and transformation of them as individuals having a voice on their own in “Vinegar Girl” by a female author will be handled and presented to the reader by comparing this contemporary version to Shakespeare’s specific play.

Advice for dementia carers: A critique of the literature

Although hundreds of advice manuals for dementia carers have been published, most have serious limitations. They emphasize the various problems family members experience without noting the social and political context within which caring unfolds. As a result, they eschew structural reforms in favor of individual solutions, including self-care. The manuals also encourage carers to detach emotionally from people with dementia by viewing them in terms of their disease. In addition, the books hew so closely to the medical model of dementia that they ignore newer perspectives. Narratives by people with dementia provide a critical corrective. Those works argue that the disproportionate attention directed toward carers has eclipsed the perspective of people with dementia, that people remain individuals despite a dementia diagnosis, that issues of stigma and discrimination shape the experience of living with dementia, that more emphasis should be placed on promoting the autonomy of people with dementia, that they are entitled to reasonable accommodations, and that they should have more opportunities for growth.I have reviewed the policies detailed in the guide and have no competing interests.

Should Religious Schools Be Publicly Funded? Issues of Religion, Discrimination, and Equity

ABSTRACT This issue offers a critical opportunity to reflect on an enduring question in education: Should religious schools be state-funded? To facilitate this reflection, this issue offers six studies from Canada, Spain, and the United States. Each delves into the unique relationships between state-funded schooling and religion in their respective contexts. In particular, these studies examine how the relationships have shifted due to numerous factors, including changing legal rulings, political ideology, demographic shifts, global migration, and education privatization. The authors carefully integrate (and interrogate) the histories and places where they conducted their analyses. Taken together, these studies offer invaluable and timely insights into the intended and unintended consequences of state funding that expands school choice, marketization, and privatization, particularly with respect to religion. This issue thus aims to inform the ongoing debate about the (potential) impact that publicly funding religious schools has on equity, segregation, and discrimination. Ultimately, we hope this issue highlights the importance of a nonsectarian approach to public education so as to create an inclusive education space wherein all human identities are welcomed and affirmed.

The quantification of diversity: Netflix, visibility politics and the grammar of transnationalism

This article argues for Netflix’ efforts to create a transnational middlebrow, highlighting especially the strategy of visibility politics as a measure to create a metrics for ‘diversity and inclusion’ in a process I call the quantification of diversity. Hence, the article seeks to draw together themes of Netflix’ efforts in transnationalism, the platform’s efforts in diversity and inclusion and the strategy of visibility politics, common to middlebrow television as visual signifier of marginalisation, rather than narrativisation. This process becomes part of a larger grammar of transnationalism to formulate a kind of transnational text specific to Netflix. Visibility politics seeks to quantify visibly marginalised bodies on screen as a measure of ‘progress’ and is, thus, particularly relevant for a Silicon Valley company that seeks remedy social problems via mathematical solutions. This leads to a politics that produces highly visual measures of social progress, but does not offer narratives to communicate barriers to full participation. The metrics for ‘otherness’ are hardly universal, though and Netflix cannot provide such a metrics for its transnational productions. Instead, it seeks to combat ‘universal’ issues of discrimination by means of visibility politics. The platforms’ earlier American texts tried to remedy issues of marginalisation via the narrativisation of barriers. To document this change, the article analyses the Netflix series One Day At A Time with the popular 2023 series Wednesday.