Disclosure Of Intimate Partner Violence Research Articles

Factors influencing rural women's disclosure of intimate partner violence: a qualitative study

Many women who experience intimate partner violence (IPV) choose not to disclose their abuse to health care professionals (HCPs), yet less is known about the reasoning behind this decision. This paper presents a sub-analysis of a larger study and describes the personal meaning attributed to disclosure of IPV by women living in rural Ontario, Canada. A qualitative case study approach grounded in a feminist framework was used. Women were recruited using a snowball sampling strategy. Data collected via one-on-one semi-structured interviews and an interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) using a reflexive-relational approach were used to analyse the data. Seven women who met inclusion criteria and responded to interview questions regarding disclosure were included in the sub-analysis. The majority of the women were born in Canada, divorced/separated, and mothers of dependent children. Thematic analysis revealed four key themes: (1) privacy and trust concerns; (2) discomfort acknowledging IPV; (3) exerting control over information; and (4) violence as unimportant to health concerns. The rural environment poses unique barriers for women who have experienced IPV, making it challenging for women to disclose abuse. While women’s decisions to disclose are personal and context dependent, efforts should be made to create a non-judgemental, comfortable environment for women to disclose at their own discretion.

Disclosure of Intimate Partner Violence and Associated Factors among Victimized Women, Ethiopia, 2018: A Community-Based Study.

Background Disclosure is a vital step in the process of finding a lasting solution and breaking the abuse chain in a victim woman by the intimate partner. Objectives This study is aimed at assessing the disclosure of intimate partner violence and associated factors among victim women in Dilla town, Gedeo Zone, South Ethiopia, 2018. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study design triangulated with the qualitative method was employed. Data were collected from 280 women victims of intimate partner violence using pretested, structured, and interviewer-administered questionnaires. SPSS version 20.0 software was used for analysis. Binary logistic regression and a multivariate logistic regression model were fitted to assess the association between the independent and dependent variables. Qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews and categorized into themes and triangulated with the quantitative result. Results Half of the respondents (51%) disclosed intimate partner violence. Partner alcohol use (AOR = 1.99; 95% CI:1.18, 3.34), women experiencing a single type of intimate partner violence (AOR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.17, 0.79), women having strong social support (AOR = 2.52; 95% CI:1.44, 4.41), and women whose partners' having primary (AOR = 2.04; 95% CI:1.07, 3.9) and secondary education (AOR = 2.16; 95% CI: 1.07, 4.33) were significantly associated with the disclosure of intimate partner violence as the qualitative result shows most of the women prefer their family to disclose and those who kept silent were due to economic dependency, societal norms towards wife beating, arranged marriage, and not getting the chance especially those who went to the hospital. Conclusion Nearly 50% of victims of intimate partner violence women disclose intimate partner violence to others. Thus, it is needed for stakeholders to use their efforts to further increase the disclosure of violence and respect women's rights and equality.

Preparing Pharmacists to Care for Patients Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious, highly prevalent public health problem associated with poor health outcomes, negative impacts on medication behavior, and increased health care utilization and costs. Pharmacists, the most accessible health care providers, are the only provider group not required to be trained on this topic. Training can prepare pharmacists to safely and appropriately care for patients experiencing IPV. This project evaluated a pharmacy-specific continuing professional development module on IPV utilizing a quasi-experimental pretest–posttest study design. Practicing community pharmacists were recruited from a market research panel to complete the online module. A novel method for managing IPV disclosures, the Care, Assess for safety, Refer, and Document (CARD) method, was included in the training. A total of 36 pharmacists completed the study, including a three-month follow-up assessment. Participants reported increased perceived preparedness and knowledge, workplace and self-efficacy, staff preparation, and legal requirements, but not actual knowledge. Practice changes, including identification of legal reporting requirements (19.4%) and development of protocols for managing IPV disclosures (13.9%), were reported at follow-up. This is the first examination of an educational module on the topic of IPV for pharmacists and it positively impacted pharmacists’ preparedness and practice behaviors related to IPV over an extended follow-up period.

Middle-aged Women’s Experiences of Intimate Partner Violence Screening and Disclosure: “It’s a private matter. It’s an embarrassing situation”

National guidelines indicate that healthcare providers should routinely screen women of reproductive age for experience of intimate partner violence. We know little about intimate partner violence (IPV) screening and disclosure experience among women older than reproductive age. To examine the perspectives of middle-aged women who had experienced past-year IPV regarding IPV screening and disclosure in the healthcare setting. Individual semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted in-person as part of a larger study examining IPV screening and response services through the Veterans Health Administration. Twenty-seven women aged 45-64 (mean age 53) who experienced past-year IPV and received care at one of two Veterans Affairs Medical Centers. Interviews were digitally recorded and transcribed. Data were sorted and analyzed using templated notes and line-by-line coding, based on codes developed by the study team through an initial review of the data. Themes were derived from further analysis of the data coded for "screening" and "disclosure" for respondents aged 45 and older. Barriers to disclosure of IPV to a healthcare provider included as follows: (a) feelings of shame, stigma, and/or embarrassment about experiencing IPV; (b) screening context not feeling comfortable or supportive, including lack of comfort with or trust in the provider and/or a perception that screening was conducted in a way that felt impersonal and uncaring; and (c) concerns about privacy and safety related to disclosure. Provider demonstrations of care, empathy, and support facilitated disclosure and feelings of empowerment following disclosure. Middle-aged women may benefit from routine IPV screening and response in the healthcare setting. Such interventions should be sensitive to concerns regarding stigma and privacy that may be prevalent among this population.

Protocol for a matched-pair cluster control trial of ARCHES (Addressing Reproductive Coercion in Health Settings) among women and girls seeking contraceptive services from community-based clinics in Nairobi, Kenya

BackgroundReproductive coercion (RC) and intimate partner violence (IPV) are prevalent forms of gender-based violence (GBV) associated with reduced female control over contraceptive use and subsequent unintended pregnancy. Although the World Health Organization has recommended the identification and support of GBV survivors within health services, few clinic-based models have been shown to reduce IPV or RC, particularly in low or middle-income countries (LMICs). To date, clinic-based GBV interventions have not been shown to reduce RC or unintended pregnancy in LMIC settings.InterventionARCHES (Addressing Reproductive Coercion in Health Settings) is a single-session, clinic-based model delivered within routine contraceptive counseling that has been demonstrated to reduce RC in the United States. ARCHES was adapted to the Kenyan context via a participatory process to reduce GBV and unintended pregnancy among women and girls seeking contraceptive services in this setting. Core elements of ARCHES include enhanced contraceptive counseling that addresses RC, opportunity for patient disclosure of RC and IPV (and subsequent warm referral to local services), and provision of a palm-sized educational booklet.MethodsA matched-pair cluster control trial is being conducted to assess whether the ARCHES intervention (treatment condition), as compared to standard-of-care contraceptive counseling (control condition), reduces RC and IPV, and improves contraceptive outcomes for woman and girls of reproductive age (15 to 49 years) seeking contraceptive services from community-based clinics in Nairobi, Kenya. All six clinics were assigned to intervention-control pairs based on similarities in patient volume and demographics, physical structure and neighborhood context. Survey data will be collected from patients immediately prior to their clinic visit (baseline, T1), immediately after their clinic visit (exit), and at 3- and 6-months post-visit (T2 and T3, respectively).DiscussionThis study is the first to assess the efficacy of an adaptation of the ARCHES model to reduce GBV and improve reproductive health outside of the U.S., and one of only a small number of controlled trials to assess reductions in GBV associated with a clinic-based program in an LMIC context. Evidence from this trial will inform health system efforts to reduce GBV, and to enhance female contraceptive control and reproductive health in Kenya and globally.Trial registrationRegistered May 23, 2018 - ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03534401. Unique Protocol ID: 170084.

Women’s Experiences of Being Screened for Intimate Partner Violence in the Health Care Setting

ObjectiveTo qualitatively describe experiences of survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) in being screened for IPV and to identify opportunities to improve screening and response by health care providers. DesignQualitative descriptive study. Setting/Local ProblemAlthough it is recommended that nurses and other health care providers screen for IPV, a local needs assessment of IPV screening among health care practices in Houston, Texas, showed inconsistencies in IPV screening practices, a lack of understanding on how to screen for IPV, and low referral rates to IPV agencies. ParticipantsSeventeen survivors of IPV from three agencies that provide services to survivors of IPV. Intervention/MeasurementsThree focus groups were conducted, and notes were coded and analyzed for content and themes using open coding from the observed data. The constant comparative method was used for the analysis. ResultsFour themes emerged from the focus group data. The first three themes address concepts and dynamics of IPV that affect IPV screening and disclosure of abuse. The final theme addresses screening for IPV in health care settings. ConclusionMany survivors reported that they were not screened for IPV by health care professionals, and those who were screened were not screened effectively. Compassionate care is needed in these situations, and nurses and other health care providers should be aware that the responses of IPV survivors are dynamic and may change over time.

Profiles and Predictors of Infant Sleep Problems Across the First Year.

To identify profiles and predictors of maternal-reported infant sleep problems across the first postnatal year. Survey data examining maternal mental and physical health, intimate partner violence (IPV), and infant sleep problems and night waking were gathered from a cohort of 1,460 nulliparous women at 15 weeks' gestation and when their infants were 3, 6, 9, and 12 months old. Latent class analysis revealed 5 profiles of infant sleep problems, including those who had few problems (24.7%), persistent moderate problems (27.3%), increased problems at 6 months (10.8%), increased problems at 9 months (17.8%), and persistent severe problems (19.4%). Persistent severe infant sleep problems were associated with prepartum and postpartum maternal depression (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.13, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.35-3.34, p < 0.01; AOR 2.52, 95% CI 1.64-3.87, p < 0.001, respectively), poorer prepartum and postpartum perception of health (adjusted mean difference [AMD] 23.48, 95% CI 24.9 to 22.1, p < 0.01; AMD 23.78, 95% CI 25.2 to 22.4, p < 0.001, respectively), increased postpartum anxiety (AOR 2.22, 95% CI 1.26-3.90, p < 0.01), and increased prevalence of IPV in the first year postpartum (AOR 1.86, 95% CI 1.20-2.87, p < 0.01). Poorer prepartum and postpartum maternal mental and physical health, and IPV, were associated with maternal report of persistent severe infant sleep problems. Women experiencing prenatal physical and mental health difficulties may benefit from advice on managing infant sleep and settling. Health professionals working with unsettled infants must be equipped to enquire about and respond appropriately to disclosures of IPV.

Telling Medical Professionals About Victimization by Intimate Partner: Analysis of Women Surviving Intimate Partner Violence.

This study investigated factors in women’s disclosure of intimate partner violence (IPV) to medical professionals. Its sample of 3,226 women surviving IPV was extracted from the National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey public-use dataset, dated 2010. The dichotomous outcome variable was told medical professional about IPV. Explanatory variables were physical violence experienced in the past year, need for medical services for IPV, injury, fear, poor physical health, number of health problems, poor mental health, African American, Latina, other ethnic minority, education, family income, inability to afford seeing doctor, age, and being married. Logistic regression results showed likelihood of IPV disclosure increased with 31 or more physical IPV episodes in preceding year, needed medical services for IPV, IPV-related injury, 2 or more health problems, fear of partner, poor mental health, inability to afford seeing doctor, and age 55 and over. Disclosure likelihood was decreased by other ethnic minority and absence of high school graduation. Our findings support standardized protocols identifying recent IPV, IPV injury, and multiple health problems, along with corresponding response training for medical professionals. Our findings also support making victim advocates and behavioral health specialists available in medical facilities to address patients’ fears and mental health.

Health Care Providers' Readiness to Identify and Respond to Intimate Partner Violence.

Screening rates for intimate partner violence (IPV) among most health care providers are low; yet, positive interactions with providers can benefit people who experience IPV, with respect to increased safety, support, and self-efficacy. Missing is a broad assessment and comparison of knowledge, attitudes, and behavior across the range of providers who are likely to be involved in a response to IPV disclosure. The purpose of our study was to assess health care providers' IPV preparation, knowledge, opinions, and practices and examine differences across three types of health care providers (medical providers, nursing staff, and social/behavioral health providers). We used an anonymous online survey to gather self-reported information on preparation, knowledge, opinions, and practices around IPV. A random sample of 402 providers was drawn from 13 clinics in a large multispecialty outpatient practice setting. The respondents (N = 204) consisted of medical providers (n = 70), nursing staff (n = 107), and social/behavioral health providers (n = 27). Data analyses consisted of univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses. Social/behavioral health providers reported more preparation, knowledge, victim understanding, and less job-related constraints, yet they reported lower screening rates than medical providers and nursing staff. Overall, no provider group seemed well-equipped to work with patients who disclose IPV. Our findings identify unmet needs within our health system to better train health care providers and restructure care models to support IPV identification and response. A focus on interprofessional training and care collaboration would bolster competency and reduce constraints felt by the health care workforce.

Exploring the Relationship Between Stigma, Stigma Challenges, and Disclosure Among Slum-Dwelling Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence in Kenya.

This article uses survey data from 131 women living in urban slums in Kenya to explore associations between stigma, stigma challenges, empowerment, and disclosure of intimate partner violence (IPV). A total of 81.7% of women reported informal or formal disclosure of IPV. A bystander offering help and experiencing stigma were associated with significant increases in the odds of informal and formal disclosure. There were also significant positive associations between participating in financial decision-making, membership in survivor support groups, and formal disclosure. Results suggest that interpersonal, community, and structural challenges to stigma interfere with stigma as a barrier to disclosure.

Fighting Against Intimate Partner Violence With Hairstylists: A Pilot Study of Korean Immigrants in New York City.

This study aims to explore the potential role of hairstylists in helping intimate partner violence (IPV) victims in the Korean immigrant communities using a cross-sectional survey design that includes open- and close-ended survey questions. In all, 47 Korean hair salon stylists were surveyed on their experience with their clients related to IPV. The findings of this study reveal that a high percentage of clients disclosed their and their friends' IPV victimization to the hair salon stylists. Some of the hair salon stylists' characteristics, such as years of working and the length of residence in the United States, were statistically associated with IPV disclosure among their clients. Most hair salon stylists were willing to help their clients in general, but they were not well-prepared to help IPV victims due to a lack of resources and knowledge. We conclude that hair salons have a great potential to increase IPV-related knowledge in immigrant communities (including the Korean community) and help IPV victims pending appropriate training aimed at improving their knowledge and competencies regarding IPV identification and intervention.

Female Intimate Partner Violence Survivors' Experiences With Disclosure to Informal Network Members.

With the growing recognition of the importance of disclosure to informal network members (INMs) in shaping experiences for survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV), numerous quantitative studies have examined these processes, but have not provided detailed descriptive analyses of the disclosure process. Yet, these descriptive data can be a rich contribution in their own right given the dearth of knowledge about IPV disclosure. This article presents in-depth descriptive data on a Mid-Atlantic metropolitan area sample of 200 female IPV survivors' experiences with disclosure to their INMs (collected using a one-time, online survey). Most survivors (66%) disclosed to at least one INM during their initial violent relationship. The three most commonly experienced reactions to disclosure were INMs listening to the survivors' feelings, urging the survivors to talk about how they felt, and expressing that the violent partners' behaviors were problematic. The three least commonly experienced reactions were INMs blaming survivors or saying that they deserved to be treated that way, offering financial assistance, and telling them to stop talking about the incident(s). Among survivors who disclosed to their INMs, 93.9% agreed that disclosure to their INMs helped them in some way. Survivors had disclosure experiences that were relatively comparable with other survivor samples, indicating good external validity. The findings regarding reactions to disclosure were also comparable with previous studies, although the extant published literature was quite limited. Young female survivors experience a variety of reactions from their INMs, most often experiencing supportive and subjectively "positive" reactions. As the research delving into the influences and impacts of disclosure expands, close attention should be paid to how these variables are being collected and disseminated so that we have a better understanding of what happens during disclosure to INMs.

Indashyikirwa Women’s Safe Spaces: Informal Response for Survivors of IPV within a Rwandan Prevention Programme

Within intimate partner violence (IPV) prevention programmes that raise awareness of women’s rights and the forms and consequences of IPV, there is a need to ensure response mechanisms for IPV survivors. Indashyikirwa is a Rwandan IPV prevention programme, which established 14 women’s safe spaces, whereby men and women could access support for IPV, be referred or accompanied to other services. This paper draws on qualitative interviews with safe space facilitators, attendees, staff and observations of activities at various points across the programme. Thematic analysis was conducted to assess the process and impact of the spaces. Attendees generally preferred the women’s safe spaces over formal services for IPV disclosure and support, and the spaces also enhanced the quality of and linkage to formal IPV response services. The safe spaces further supported well-being and economic empowerment of attendees. Lessons learned from implementing this model are offered, including how to ensure safe, inclusive and integrated sources of support within broader IPV prevention efforts.

Intimate partner violence management and referral practices of primary care workers in a selected population in Turkey.

Violence against women is a significant public health problem and primary care workers (PCWs) have a crucial role in managing violence against women. However, though intimate partner violence (IPV) is frequently seen in primary care, most cases remain unreported. This study aims to investigate family physicians' (FPs') and co-working midwifes/nurses' (M/Ns') explanations about their responses to women disclosing IPV and the reasons for their actions. We conducted a cross-sectional survey via a face-to-face administered questionnaire interview involving 266 PCWs in a selected area in Turkey. We questioned the reasoning behind inappropriate responses such as not examining the patient and document findings, not recording a code of violence, and not notifying the police in the case of a disclosure of IPV. We surveyed 129 FPs and 137 M/Ns. We found that the disclosure of IPV in primary care is very high, but more than one-third of physicians and half of M/Ns respond inappropriately. Reasons for inappropriate response varied. The majority believed that the victim would continue to live with her batterer, making any report ineffective. Some expressed concern for the women's and their own personal safety, citing an increase in assault cases by perpetrators in the last few years. Many indicated a lack of knowledge about management of violence cases. Multiple barriers challenge PCWs in helping abused women. Common behaviours, safety concerns, and a lack of knowledge seem to be the major barriers to responding appropriately to IPV. To address this issue appropriately, protective measures for both parties - PCWs and violence victims - need to be enacted and a supportive constitutional and societal organization is required. Screening and identification should lead to interventions that benefit the victims rather than harming them.

If You Can't Say Something Nice: A Latent Profile Analysis of Social Reactions to Intimate Partner Violence Disclosure and Associations With Mental Health Symptoms.

The social reactions that victims receive when disclosing intimate partner violence (IPV) have important implications for recovery and well-being. Women from the community (n = 172) reported IPV, reactions to IPV disclosure, and mental health symptoms in individual interviews. Latent profile analyses revealed three subgroups of victims with varied experiences of reactions. The group characterized by high negative/low positive reactions reported the highest depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity; symptom severity was high regardless of IPV severity. However, symptoms were only severe at high IPV severity among individuals classified into groups characterized by high positive reactions, and by low negative and low positive reactions.

Social Reactions to Intimate Partner Violence Disclosure Among Low-Income, Ethnically Diverse Community Women.

Friends and family members' reactions to intimate partner violence (IPV) disclosure play an important role in social support because disclosure often precedes requests for support. Perceptions of social reactions to IPV disclosure are likely to vary by context. Yet, research is limited on the role of ethnicity and severity of physical violence in perceptions of social reactions. We examined perceptions of social reactions to IPV disclosure using data from Wave 6 interviews for Project HOW: Health Outcomes of Women. Participants ( N = 201) were asked proportionately how many friends and family reacted positively and negatively to IPV disclosure. MANOVAs revealed significant differences in perceptions of positive social reactions by ethnicity and severity.

"If He's Abusing You . . . the Baby Is Going to Be Affected": HIV-Positive Pregnant Women's Experiences of Intimate Partner Violence.

Pregnancy represents a time of increased risk for intimate partner violence (IPV), and an HIV diagnosis further increases the vulnerability of this at-risk group. This study explores experiences of recent IPV using qualitative interviews with N = 12 HIV-positive pregnant women recruited from a clinical setting in South Africa, a location with a high global prevalence of IPV and HIV. Partner dynamics around IPV resulted in HIV shame and stigma and adversely affected engagement in HIV care and HIV treatment behaviors. The results highlight the challenges women face in navigating disclosure of both IPV and HIV, accessing necessary support, and engaging in both HIV-related and pregnancy-related care in the context of an abusive relationship.

A prospective questionnaire-based study on staff awareness of intimate partner violence (IPV) in orthopaedic trauma patients

AimsInvestigate awareness in the multidisciplinary orthopaedic trauma team regarding intimate partner violence (IPV), willingness to ask patients and knowledge of available support. MethodsOrthopaedic staff in several UK centres completed an anonymous online validated questionnaire reflecting their opinions on IPV in orthopaedics. Respondents from orthopaedic surgery, nursing, and physiotherapy participated. ResultsThere were 121 respondents with a mean 10 years' experience. 52% of respondents had previously had a disclosure of IPV from at least one orthopaedic patient. Doctors and nurses were equally likely to have cared for IPV patients (50% versus 56%), but doctors thought abuse was less common (57% doctors compared to 15% nurses thought IPV affected less than 1% of trauma patients, p < 0.05).74% of respondents reported asking patients about abuse (77/104 answered) but only 24% (29/121) knew about the support currently available. Staff who did not know about available support were less likely to ask about possible abuse (46% versus 22% respectively, p < 0.05). 74% of respondents felt it was important/very important to ask about IPV. ConclusionsThis is the first study investigating IPV in UK orthopaedics. Although three quarters of the staff interviewed thought that it was important to ask trauma patients about IPV, only 2% routinely ask patients presenting with musculoskeletal injuries about IPV. Orthopaedic staff are well placed to identify vulnerable patients. This study highlights the need for training staff on how to identify IPV and manage disclosures of abuse given that the incidence of IPV is on the increase.

Barriers to Disclosure of Intimate Partner Violence among Female Patients Availing Services at Tertiary Care Psychiatric Hospitals: A Qualitative Study.

Background:Intimate partner violence (IPV)/domestic violence is one of the significant public health problems, but little is known about the barriers to disclosure in tertiary care psychiatric settings.Methodology:One hundred women seeking inpatient or outpatient services at a tertiary care psychiatric setting were recruited for study using purposive sampling. A semi-structured interview was administered to collect the information from women with mental illness experiencing IPV to know about their help-seeking behaviors, reasons for disclosure/nondisclosure of IPV, perceived feelings experienced after reporting IPV, and help received from the mental health professionals (MHPs) following the disclosure of violence.Results:The data revealed that at the patient level, majority of the women chose to conceal their abuse from the mental health-care professionals, fearing retaliation from their partners if they get to know about the disclosure of violence. At the professional level, lack of privacy was another important barrier for nondisclosure where women reported that MHPs discussed the abuse in the presence of their violent partners.Conclusion:The findings of the study brought out the need for mandatory screening of violence and designing tailor-made multicomponent interventions for mental health care professionals at psychiatric setting in India.

Prospective evaluation of intimate partner violence in fracture clinics (PRAISE-2): protocol for a multicentre pilot prospective cohort study

BackgroundOne third of women experience intimate partner violence (IPV) in their lifetime. Orthopaedic health care professionals are in a good position to identify women experiencing escalating physical violence and act to promote their immediate safety, connect them to IPV resources, and reduce the risk of further harm. However, there have been no studies that explore whether experiencing a musculoskeletal injury can trigger or worsen IPV, and there have been no studies on how experiences of IPV affect orthopaedic outcomes. The primary objective of the PRAISE-2 pilot study is to assess the feasibility of conducting a large cohort study to determine the association between IPV and injury-related complications. The secondary clinical objectives are to preliminarily explore how a history of IPV affects orthopaedic outcomes and how patterns of IPV change over time following an orthopaedic injury.MethodsWe will complete a pilot multicentre prospective cohort study of 250 women with musculoskeletal injuries to determine the feasibility of a multinational prospective cohort study that will determine if prior or ongoing IPV affects orthopaedic outcomes following an injury, and how patterns of IPV change over time. Our primary outcome is feasibility measured using recruitment rate (success criterion 50 patients/site in 12 months), adherence to visit windows (success criterion 75%), participant retention (success criterion 85%), and data completeness (success criterion 80%). Our secondary exploratory clinical outcomes are injury-related complications, return to function, new IPV disclosures, utilization and cost of support services, changes in abuse patterns, quality of life, and readiness to make relationship changes. We will assess feasibility based on pre-defined criteria for feasibility success and we will analyze secondary outcomes in an exploratory fashion.DiscussionThe PRAISE-2 pilot study is the first step toward determining how experiences of IPV affect orthopaedic outcomes such as injury-related complications. This study will determine feasibility and assist in the development of large-scale multinational prospective IPV studies for our future IPV research program. This study will engage health care professionals from around the world to increase awareness of how IPV affects patients’ musculoskeletal and injury outcomes.Trial registrationclinicaltrials.gov NCT02529267. Registered 20 Aug 2015.