Disclosure Of Assets Research Articles

Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan, Konsentrasi Kepemilikan, Leverage, Profitabilitas Dan Price To Book Value Terhadap Tingkat Pengungkapan Sukarela Asset Tidak Berwujud

This study aims to identify the influence of firm size, ownership concentration, leverage, profitability and price to book value on voluntary disclosure of intangible assets of the listed manufacturing in Indonesia Stocks. The samples of this research consist of 10 manufacturing companies at Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2011-2015 periods and selected by purposive sampling. The data used are secondary ones, which are annual financial statements of the 10 manufacturing companies’ samples. The method of data analysis used in this study to prove the hypothesis are descriptive statistics, classic assumptions test, multiple regression models and the determinant coefficient. The Findings of this study, shows that four out of five independent variables had no significant effect to the level of intangible assets voluntary disclosure, they are firm size, ownership concentration, leverage, profitability. Only price to book value influences to the level of intangible assets voluntary disclosure significantly. 

The importance of biological asset disclosures to the relevant user groups

ABSTRACTFinancial statements are prepared and presented to reflect an organisation’s financial position and financial performance and to provide useful information for decision-making (IASB, 2018a). The underlying accounting policies and related notes on biological assets must be presented in such a way that users can understand the transactions and valuation considerations that affect their performance (IASB, 2018a). Financial statement valuations and disclosures are informed by the requirements of the prescribed International Accounting Standards, which presumes that users “have a reasonable knowledge of business and economic activities and accounting and have a willingness to study the information with reasonable diligence” (IASB, 2018a). The accounting standards thus urges reporters to consider the usefulness of the information disclosed in the financial statements, as it may influence the decisions of users (IASB, 2018a). In systematically documenting the decision-enhancing disclosure for biological assets as required by users, the reporters have a comprehensive guideline to ensure that the disclosure is objective and a more accurate presentation of the real value. A consideration of the expectations of reporters may also address the general biological asset valuation challenges experienced in the industry. The detailed disclosures might attract investments, enhance market comparability and assist the users of the related financial information to understand the performance of biological assets.

Accounting Treatment of Biological Assets in Plantation Industry on Wetlands (Case Study in Plantation Company Entities in South Kalimantan)

<p><em>The purpose of this study is to determine the Accounting treatment of biological assets based on IAS 41 Agriculture. DSAK-IAI in the process of convergence of PSAK with IFRS states that one of the standards that is still being project remaining work since 2010 is IAS 41. IAS 41 is adopted into PSAK No.69 Agriculture as the Accounting standard that regulates special biological assets that will be effectively applicable on 1 January 2018. The results of this study are expected to provide the description of Accounting treatment based on IAS 41 in more detailed and clear in terms of recognition and presentation and disclosure of biological assets. However, in terms of measurement, IAS 41 will be more difficult to implement because the market price for the plantation industry has not been able to be a benchmark of fair value.</em></p><p><em> This research was a qualitative descriptive research by giving a description of the Accounting treatment of biological assets engaged in oil palm plantation. Data collection techniques used questionnaires sent to the company with 10 (ten) samples of oil palm companies representing Banjarmasin City, Banjarbaru City, Banjar Regency, Tapin Regency and Tanah Laut regency. The data were analyzed by using descriptive analysis and index calculation of implementation conformity to the standard. </em></p><p><em> The results showed that the companies have applied the Accounting treatment of biological assets on the average of 90.8% based on research indicators. In terms of classification the companies have classified 100% of its biological assets well. Recognition, measurement and assessment of biological assets, the companies applied research indicators in the range of 84% - 97%, this condition was caused more because the basis of valuation with the fair value of biological assets was not readily available in the active market thus affecting the recognition, measurement and valuation of those assets. While Presentation and Disclosure of Biological Assets in the financial statements, the companies applied 77.5% - 96% of the existing disclosure indicators.</em></p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p>

Does increased disclosure of intangible assets enhance liquidity around new equity offerings?

The objective of this paper is to analyze how firms can enhance stock market liquidity around new equity offerings by increasing the level of disclosure on their intangible assets. Using a disclosure index consisting of 53 items, we show that French issuers disclose insufficient information about their intangible assets. We use measures of liquidity such as bid-ask spread, market depth, and trading volume to provide evidence that increased intangible asset information disclosure by new equity issuers improves secondary market liquidity immediately following the issue. These results provide new evidence that when raising funds, issuers can enhance stock liquidity by giving investors more information about intangible assets.

ОБЛІКОВО-АНАЛІТИЧНА КЛАСИФІКАЦІЯ МАРКЕТИНГОВИХ АКТИВІВ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ТОРГІВЛІ

The purpose of the article is to develop a science-based marketing assets classification, which will become the basis for their accounting, disclosure in the reporting and analysis of investments in marketing assets effectiveness. The various scholars’ approaches to the classification of marketing assets for the purpose of its further improvement and identification by accounting and analytical system have been analyzed in the article. In order to identify the importance of various aspects of marketing assets recognition a survey was conducted among Kharkiv region trade enterprises owners, senior management, employees of accounting and financial services and marketing departments staff. The indicator of the key characteristics of the expediency of marketing asset disclosure in balance sheets importance was given to each of the four groups of respondents by five dimensions: materiality, duration of use, cost, future economic benefits from use, connection with the main activity. A scientifically sound classification of marketing assets is developed based on the principle of comparison of marketing assets types with expenses, incurred due to their creation, both in the reporting and future periods. The developed facet classification of trading company marketing assets and marketing expenditures is proposed as the basis of the synthetic accounts work plan and analytical accounts for marketing activities. Specification of marketing costs types within the facet is proposed to be carried out according to the main characteristics of goods and services, advertising products, databases or software that will fit the analytical accounts. Mathematical model has been developed that summarizes on the balance sheet accounting data on marketing costs respectively to produced marketing asset. It has been prooved that only a holistic approach to the organization of marketing assets formalized accounting will allow evaluating the effectiveness of marketing costs and the impact of marketing assets on the capitalization of the enterprise value.

ANALISIS PENERAPAN PSAK NO. 16 TENTANG ASET TETAP PADA PT. BANK SULUTGO

In an operational company requires production factors to support the company in achieving its objectives. Of the several types of assets, there is one of the most important assets in supporting the company's operations, namely fixed assets. This study aims to find out that the company has implemented a fixed asset accounting policy that is appropriate and based on the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (PSAK) no.16 in company activities. The method in this study is descriptive analysis method. In carrying out its accounting activities, PT. SulutGo Bank has referred to PSAK No. 16. In practice, companies distinguish types and ways of obtaining fixed assets with cash purchases or by establishing themselves, in depreciating fixed asset companies using the straight-line method and the declining balance method in accordance with applicable Accounting Standards, in terminating fixed assets whose useful lives has expired or is no longer used by removing assets from the register of ownership and releasing them through sales through auction. presentation and disclosure of assets in accordance with the pattern of financial standards and some information disclosed in financial statements. Keywords: fixed assets, SFAS no.16, financial statements, depreciating, financial accounting standard

Improving integrated reporting

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a new learning and growth perspective for the balanced scorecard (BSC) that includes more specific measures of integrated thinking and value creation to help improve integrated reporting (<IR>). Practical, relevant definitions of these historically vague concepts may improve intangible asset disclosures (IAD) and increase uptake of the<IR> framework.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is conceptual. The authors use organisational learning to theorise about the learning and growth perspective of the BSC, within the context of the practice of IAD.FindingsSeveral criticisms of IAD, the<IR>framework and the BSC have acted as barriers to implementing the<IR>framework. The improved version of the BSC’s learning and growth perspective, presented in this paper, addresses those criticisms by redefining the concept of integrated thinking (learning) and more fully connecting that learning to future value creation (growth). The model is designed to be used in tandem with the<IR>framework to operationalise integrated thinking. A new BSC strategy map illustrates how this revised learning and growth perspective interacts with the other three BSC perspectives to create long-term shareholder value through the management and growth of knowledge within an organisation.Research limitations/implicationsOrganisational learning is an important source of competitive advantage in the modern knowledge economy. Here, the authors encourage further debate on how to report and disclose information on intangible assets, driven by a new conceptual strategy for organisational learning that fully supports the BSC’s capacity to help integrated thinking and future value creation for the<IR>framework.Practical implicationsFrom its roots as a performance measurement system, the BSC has become a widely used strategy execution tool. The<IR>framework has struggled to gain traction, but still has value in exploring intangible assets and its disclosure from a systems thinking perspective. The model is designed to bring an explicit understanding of how to improve integrated thinking for the<IR>framework facilitating better measurement, management and reporting of human and structural capital. By doing so, the new model enables a firm to use the BSC to engage with<IR>more effectively, which should also be useful for practitioners given the widespread use of the BSC.Originality/valueThe analysis of the BSC’s learning and growth perspective reveals two dichotomies – one between resources and growth, and another between systems and capability. The revised perspective resolves these dichotomies with clear, forward-focused measures of learning and intangible asset growth, and multiple vertical and horizontal connections between the perspective’s four constructs. The authors demonstrate practical paths to value creation through a range of strategic impacts.

Accounting of Biological Assets in Indonesian Plantation Companies

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The Quality of Disclosure under IAS 38 in Financial Statements of Entities Listed on PSE

There has been no recent examination of a disclosure of intangible assets under IFRS of entities listed on PSE. Hence, this article focuses on such an examination within financial statements reported for 2015 by entities listed on PSE and investigates whether these reports meet the minimum informational IFRS requirements. Adopted was the content analysis method, using a scoring system for the set of four questions which were answered (88 observations). The results revealed a poor level of the disclosure quality within the sample. Furthermore, our findings exposed a better level of disclosure for manufacturing companies relative to service companies, implicating a close linkage of disclosure compliance and the associated industry sector.

EVALUASI PENYAJIAN DAN PENGUNGKAPAN ASET TETAP BERDASARKAN PSAK NO. 16 PADA PT. AKAM

A prime company entity can be seen through the company’s financial statement that is based on Financial Accounting Standards as a guidance in producing the financial statement. Fixed assets is a supporting element which has a quite large value and an important position in a company, therefore the information about the asset should comply with the prevailing standards. The aim of this research is to find out whether the presentment and disclosure of regular assets at PT. AKAM are in conformity with the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 16 concerning property and equipment. The writer uses descriptive method, and the data collection was through interview, observation, and documentation. PT. AKAM is a company entity that engaged in construction service. According to the research result, it can be concluded that the presentment and disclosure of company fixed assets have led to Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No.16. Keywords : Presentment, Disclosure, Fixed Asset, SFAS 16.

Fair value disclosure of pension plan assets and audit fees

Effective December 2009, FAS 132(R)-1 expands the prior disclosure requirements on pension plan assets by requiring firms to disclose the fair value inputs and measurements of pension assets. This study examines whether the different level of pension asset fair value inputs required under FAS 132(R)-1 affects audit fees, and investigates whether more expanded fair value disclosure requirements alone can have any impact on audit fees that proxy for auditors’ efforts. During our sample period from 2009 to 2010, we find supporting evidence that audit fees are an increasing function of Level 3 fair value assets that are more subjective. In addition, in a difference-in-difference test, we find evidence supporting our hypothesis that audit firms increase their audit fees after the adoption of FAS 132(R)-1, especially for the client firms that have more Level 3 pension assets. Considering that auditors have had access to the detailed fair value measurement information even before 2009, our results imply that a more detailed disclosure requirement on pension plan assets alone can affect auditors’ audit efforts and audit fees accordingly.

Recognition and Disclosure of Intangible Assets - A Meta-Analysis Review

The knowledge- and Internet-based economy demands a re-examination of the accounting treatment for intangibles and a thorough understanding of the empirical evidence on this topic. We review the literature on research and development (R&D), a specific internally developed intangible asset, using meta-analysis techniques that allow us to highlight the areas of consensus and disagreement in quantitative empirical results. The literature we review addresses four main research questions on (1) the determinants of the decision to capitalize R&D, (2) stock market-based outcomes of capitalizing R&D, (3) firm-based outcomes related to expensing R&D, and (4) stock market-based outcomes of expensing R&D. We find higher value relevance of capitalized compared with expensed R&D. There is, however, little robust evidence on the determinants of the capitalization decision and the characteristics of capitalizers. We conclude by highlighting future research that can allow accounting academics to contribute to standard setting.

ELECTORAL REFORMS IN INDIA: A LOOK BACK AND A WAY FORWARD

In recent decades, the funding of elections has grown to be a significant concern. It is generally accepted that the price of contesting elections has increased well beyond the permitted expenditure thresholds. This has led to a lack of transparency, rampant corruption, and the prevalence of so-called "black money." A variety of concerns related to election administration also require attention. Elections are difficult to hold because of the enormous size of the electorate, but this should not be used as an excuse for problems like booth capturing, voter intimidation, falsified voter registration records, widespread election rigging, other irregularities at the polls, the prevalence of ineffective candidates, and the misuse of religion and caste to influence voters. This paper provides a list of potential remedies to these issues. The proliferation of insignificant parties, the recognition and de-recognition procedures, the disclosure of political parties' assets and liabilities, and the auditing and publication of those assets and liabilities are all significant issues that are addressed in this paper with regard to the role of political parties in the electoral system. This background paper's goals are to review some of the most important problems with our electoral system and to quickly look at the proposals made in this respect by several previous committees. In order to enhance our electoral system, significant adjustments must be made, and it is intended that this background paper will serve as a springboard for a fresh national conversation on these issues.

The communication of intellectual capital in healthcare organisations: what is disclosed and how?

The aim of the paper is to analyse the communication of intellectual capital (IC), or the disclosure of an organisation's IC assets, through supplementary corporate disclosure, in healthcare organisations. We pose two research questions: 1) what are the main components of IC disclosure in a healthcare organisation?; 2) how do these organisations disclose/communicate their IC? To answer these questions the paper analyses the case of an Italian healthcare organisation (University Hospital 'Santa Maria della Misericordia' of Udine) applying a qualitative research method over three years. The analysis highlights that the organisation changes its intellectual capital communication slowly over time and that the most important area is that of structural capital. The form of communication is mainly narrative, although it is possible to highlight differences in the three areas of IC.

The communication of intellectual capital in healthcare organisations: what is disclosed and how?

The aim of the paper is to analyse the communication of intellectual capital (IC), or the disclosure of an organisation's IC assets, through supplementary corporate disclosure, in healthcare organisations. We pose two research questions: 1) what are the main components of IC disclosure in a healthcare organisation?; 2) how do these organisations disclose/communicate their IC? To answer these questions the paper analyses the case of an Italian healthcare organisation (University Hospital 'Santa Maria della Misericordia' of Udine) applying a qualitative research method over three years. The analysis highlights that the organisation changes its intellectual capital communication slowly over time and that the most important area is that of structural capital. The form of communication is mainly narrative, although it is possible to highlight differences in the three areas of IC.

Evidenciação de Ativos Intangíveis no Brasil e na Austrália sob a Perspectiva da Teoria da Relevância Cultural da Contabilidade

Evidenciação de Ativos Intangíveis no Brasil e na Austrália sob a Perspectiva da Teoria da Relevância Cultural da Contabilidade

Behavior of Assets Disclosure of Personal Tax Payers on Following Tax Amnesty Program (Phenomenology Study)

Behavior of Assets Disclosure of Personal Tax Payers on Following Tax Amnesty Program (Phenomenology Study)

Looking at Recognition, Valuation, Presentation and Disclosure of Historical Assets at Nganjuk Museum

Looking at Recognition, Valuation, Presentation and Disclosure of Historical Assets at Nganjuk Museum

Accounting in the London Stock Exchange's extractive industry: The effect of policy diversity on the value relevance of exploration-related disclosures

The accounting treatment of exploration expenditure in the extractive industry has historically been a challenging issue for regulators. This paper examines the accounting policies for, and value relevance of, the exploration assets of firms listed on the London Stock Exchange from the oil & gas and mining sectors. The policies used by oil & gas firms range from the relatively conservative Successful Efforts to the most aggressive Full Cost method, whereas mining firms employ a range of policies from the Successful Efforts to the most conservative Expense All method. The results suggest that the income statements of Main Market-listed extractive firms contain value relevant information regardless of the policy followed by the firm. There is no significant difference between the value relevance of exploration asset disclosures by Main Market-listed oil & gas firms following the Successful Efforts or Full Cost methods. For AIM-listed oil & gas companies only the Full Cost method provides value relevant information on exploration assets. In the mining sector, exploration-related asset disclosures are only value relevant for AIM-listed firms following the Expense All method. The results suggest that flexibility in accounting for exploration expenditure is necessary to facilitate the disclosure of value relevant accounting information.

Content analysis within intangible assets disclosure: a structured literature review

PurposeIn this paper, the authors analyze the use of content analysis in disclosing voluntarily information on intangible assets, the intangible assets disclosures (IAD). The purpose of this paper is to conduct a structured literature review (SLR) that assesses the possibilities and limitations of content analysis.Design/methodology/approachTo that end, the authors analyze the existing literature on the topic in the main international databases. In all, 74 empirical articles utilizing content analysis as a research methodology for IAD were reviewed. Regarding the selection of sources, the authors should indicate that the SLR performed includes academic studies published in journals or presented at conferences and that are always subject to a double process of anonymous review.FindingsThe obtained results indicate that despite the frequent use of content analysis in studies on IAD, its use does not meet all expectations.Research limitations/implicationsThe study synthesizes the research on content analysis for the case of information on intangible assets, offering an updated and global framework for future researchers through the SLR.Practical implicationsAmong other problems, the authors found its excessive emphasis on the amount disclosed in the annual report, ignoring other reports in which more information regarding intangible assets is available, such as in the case of the sustainability reports. Furthermore, the use of very different coding systems and its exclusive use without being combined with other methodologies are detected. These aspects affect the quality problems of the sources used, which directly results in the utility of the evidenced findings.Social implicationsThese conclusions allow the authors to conclude on the need to open different lines of study that review the use of content analysis in this topic.Originality/valueThe work focuses on the quality of disclosures more so than on the quantity, offering a critical view that summarizes the utility of the employment of content analysis for this type of disclosure and its implications for future research on this topic. Despite previous studies, the authors highlight the new insights revealed from IAD research, especially since the seminal paper of Dumay and Cai (2014).