Discipline In Curriculum Research Articles

Rebooting Master’s Programs in an Updated Higher Education System: Management Track

The relevance of the research topic is the importance of higher education programs in the implementation of one of the key functions of a modern university to form a graduate’s picture of the world of an educated person and acquire skills for successful professional activity. The article substantiates proposals that contribute to updating the Russian model of master’s training in the management track in the direction of increasing its efficiency, competitiveness and relevance.Research objectives: to consider the role of the master’s degree institute in the context of value creation by universities; justify one of the possible approaches to the design of a master’s program, which is based on the implementation of new principles for the creation and implementation of an educational product (using the example of direction 38.04.01 — Economics); consider the “double degree” format as part of a package proposal for the implementation of an MBA program and a master’s program (in the direction of 04/38/02 — Management); justify the need to include disciplines on venture financing and risk management of technological projects in the structure of the master’s training curriculum. Research methods: systematic approach, logical analysis, synthesis, content analysis of open sources, including official documents of a regulatory nature.Results. Ensuring high quality and sustainability of master’s programs is possible based on the implementation of the principle of the “four Us” (uniqueness, recognition, sustainability, satisfaction). To successfully solve the problems of ensuring the demand and competitiveness of the educational product in order to increase the value created by universities, taking into account new requirements for updating the domestic higher education system, it is necessary to update the ongoing master’s programs based on reengineering. It is recommended that master’s programs be updated in accordance with the developed principles of reengineering: taking into account transformational mega-trends when developing program content; strengthening the management component in the curriculum structure; increasing the level of originality of content through the development of “professorial” courses and reflecting this in the KPI system; the possibility of reformatting the curriculum into a block-modular format; participation of employers in the implementation of the master’s training curriculum in order to solve pressing problems of the real sector of the economy; formation of scientific groups of students to carry out research on current research topics with the possibility of using the results obtained in preparing reports on design and analytical work and writing a final qualifying thesis. The following are proposed as criteria for the success of a master’s program in Economics as elements of a university’s KPI system: the presence in the curriculum of disciplines that reflect transformational mega-trends, original “professorial” courses and disciplines of a management nature.Main conclusions (discussion). The project of launching an MBA program in a “double degree” format with an additional option providing the possibility of obtaining a “Master of Management” degree seems quite promising. The MBA program requires teaching the disciplines “Venture Business and Innovation Financing” and “Risk Management of Technological Projects.”

What else do we Train when we Teach Medical Students? Medical Humanities in the Encores

Medical education is known for its competitive and highly demanding environment. Medical students are required a solid set of hard skills on the one hand, but they are also expected to proficiently master soft skills. This article focuses on the 21st century skills, narrowing down the perspective to communication and creativity in the current medical education field. Empathy as a key concept in patient-centred medical communication has proven to be difficult to define, difficult to assess, and challenging to achieve, especially since studies show a decrease of empathy in medical students in their clinical years of formation. Investigation of appliable solution has been included in terms of curriculum disciplines and extra curriculum programs that could highly contribute to enhancing the required 21st century skills in the case of medical students.

ПОВЫШЕНИЕ МОТИВАЦИИ И РЕАЛИЗАЦИЯ ИНДИВИДУАЛЬНЫХ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫХ ТРАЕКТОРИЙ ПРИ ПОДГОТОВКЕ ПРОВИЗОРА

Junior year students of the specialty Pharmacy study basic biological and chemical disciplines, the knowledge they gain forms the foundation for mastering specialized pharmaceutical disciplines. Very often, students do not see the relationship between basic and specialized disciplines, their interest to learn decreases, and gaps in basic knowledge negatively affect mastering of specialized disciplines. The paper presents the results of the implementation of individual educational trajectories in the preparation of a pharmacist and increased motivation to study in students of the specialty Pharmacy as a result of the curriculum discipline “Introduction to the specialty” studied in the first year, as well as elective disciplines and project-based learning. The study was carried out by surveying 98% of the 1st to 4th-year students. According to the survey results, more than 70% of respondents had increased motivation to study basic disciplines and to master the specialty in general. A set of educational activities is proposed aimed at implementing individual educational trajectories in the preparation of a pharmacist, increasing the level of motivation for learning and professional determination in the specialty Pharmacy.

Da Exclusão à Expressão: Arte como Ferramenta de Inclusão e Empoderamento para Alunos com Necessidades Especiais

This study explores the profound relationship between art and inclusion in the education of students with special needs. Art transcends its role as a curricular discipline, becoming a powerful tool for the holistic development and empowerment of these students. By challenging stereotypes and promoting full participation, art offers a space for expression, communication, and learning for all, regardless of their needs. The research highlights the importance of adapting materials, activities, and environments, as well as the ongoing training of teachers, to make art accessible and meaningful for all students. Through flexibility, creativity, and sensitivity, teachers can create a welcoming and stimulating learning environment where every student feels valued and encouraged to explore their creative potential. Theories such as constructivism, the Social Model of Disability, and the Theory of Multiple Intelligences provide a solid theoretical foundation for the construction of inclusive pedagogical practices. The methodology adopted in this study is qualitative bibliographic research, which seeks to analyze and synthesize the knowledge produced on the relationship between art and inclusion in theeducation of students with special needs. The study concludes that art, when used intentionally and adapted, can be a powerful tool for promoting inclusion, holistic development, and empowerment of students with special needs. Art reveals itself as a path towards building a fairer, more equitable, and creative education, where every individual has the opportunity to flourish fully and contribute to the construction of a more humane and supportive world.

Образ школы сегодня и завтра в контексте системы ценностей российских школьников

The image of the modern and future school in perception of high school students is examined in the context of understanding the system of their values and life views. Empirically the paper is based on the results of the field research undertaken by the author in September-October 2021 among the 9–11 grade students of St. Petersburg schools, followed by further investigation among the same target audience in January-February 2023. New questioning of the students was accompanied by the questioning of teachers, which allows us now not only to analyze the data in dynamics, but also to compare the views of students and teachers. Theoretical background of the research is based on the current sociological and psychological academic discussion about the concepts of happiness and meaningful life. We argue, that during the recent year and a half the image of modern and future school has significantly changed and this change bears the value-oriented character. First, the move from the values of life stability and comfort towards the values of personal and professional growth and achievements has been identified, i.e. from the consumer values to the values of development. Second, high school students demonstrate almost entire indifference towards the values of common good. And, third, the teachers’ perception of the teenagers’ values is significantly different from the reality in two important aspects: firstly, according to the teachers the students are much more oriented on consumer values, than it takes place in fact. And secondly, in the teachers’ perception students prioritize successful learning of curriculum disciplines much less than they actually do. According to teachers’ opinion friendship and communication are much more important to students than studies as such. This in fact may mean the attribution to the students the system of values, spread among the teachers, which causes major difficulties in identifying the optimal combination of teaching and upbringing.

Design and implementation of a STEAM Teaching/Learning sequence by Project-Based Learning for the training of future secondary school teachers

In high school teacher education, although work on didactic units for teaching the curriculum of science disciplines is common, they rarely include multidisciplinary STEAM viewpoint. For this article we are using the definition of STEAM that says it is a teaching method that integrates content, skills and beliefs from at least two disciplines that form the acronym and that focuses on real world contexts In this project, we show the design and implementation of a teaching/learning sequence (TLS) to show the STEAM methodology in High School with a project-based learning approach, with students of the Master’s Degree in Secondary Science Teacher Training. The TLS designed integrates content and skills from various STEAM disciplines, with physics and biology being the main ones and adding a Project-Based Learning (PrBL) teaching approach through the search for the best way to protect oneself from the sun. In this case, the Master’s degree students had two roles: on the one hand, they acted like secondary education students and, on the other hand, like future teachers. Thus, we evaluated the sequence in three different ways: content acquisition, scientific skills and attitudes towards STEAM education. The results indicated a positive impact in all the aspects analysed.

Research Changes in Curriculum and Pedagogy Based on Big Data Perspectives

Abstract Analyzing the research changes in curriculum and pedagogy is significant in exploring its developmental vein and future direction in China, and helps establish a modern academic framework. In this paper, the KNN algorithm is used to meticulously process the data related to the reform of curriculum and pedagogy, and the factor analysis model is used to explore the influencing factors behind these data and the strength of their effects. The clustering and integration method is further used to categorize and integrate these factors to explore the development trend of curriculum and pedagogy deeply. By analyzing the changes in research hotspots, research directions, and author influence between 2010 and 2022, it was found that between 2010 and 2016, the proportion of curriculum and pedagogy-related research reached a maximum of 0.785, while the proportion of research in the category of innovative teaching and learning was 0.065. Teaching and learning has always been the dominant research direction, and its importance has always been maintained at more than 0.5 during the 12 years. In contrast, the research on curriculum reached an importance level of about 0.35 in 2013. In-depth study of classroom teaching is an indispensable and critical way to maintain the innovative development and lasting vitality of the discipline of curriculum and pedagogy.

Methodological Principles of the Formation of Cultural Competence of Future Art Teachers According to the Educational and Motivational Criterion

The article raised the issue and considered different views of modern scientists on the problem of forming cultural competence of future teachers of art disciplines. Normative educational documents and scientific work of modern scientists in the field of art pedagogy on the research problem were analyzed. The conceptual role of art for the formation of cultural immunity and cultural intelligence of the individual is determined. The position regarding the choice of an educational vector in the formation of cultural competence of future art teachers is substantiated. The essence of the phenomenon "cultural competence" is characterized and its motivational-educational, cognitive-communicative, innovation-discursive structural components are determined. The scientific approaches of semiotic-hermeneutic, creative-communicative, innovative-reflexive and the principles of their implementation are substantiated: integration of knowledge and skills acquired in the process of mastering the content of the curriculum disciplines, actualization of one's own educational experience, activation of artistic and associative imagination and personified penetration into the artist's artistic vision , pedagogical tolerance, pedagogical artistry, pedagogical support of the interpretive and methodical initiative of future teachers of art disciplines and orientation to the application of innovative artistic technologies in the educational process. The results of a diagnostic study of the levels of formation of the cultural competence of the applicants according to the motivational and educational criterion are presented. Prospects for further research are defined as the development of special diagnostic tasks and the selection of diagnostic methods for determining the levels of all indicators of the studied construct and the development of methods for forming the communicative competence of future art teachers by means of innovative technologies.

СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН І РЕЗУЛЬТАТ ПРОФЕСІЙНО-МЕТОДИЧНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ ВЧИТЕЛІВ ФРАНЦУЗЬКОЇ МОВИ ЯК ІНОЗЕМНОЇ У ЗАКЛАДІ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ

The article is devoted to the study of the current state and results of professional and methodological training of the pre-service French teachers. The pre-service French teachers get a higher education according to the educational program “Foreign languages and literatures, methods of teaching foreign languages and foreign literature (French and a second Western European language)” in the specialty 014 Secondary education, specialization 014.023 French language and literature for the first (bachelor) level of higher education. To achieve the goal of the research, qualitative and quantitative methods were used. The qualitative methods included an anonymous survey of students in order to find out their attitude to the organization of the educational process, to demonstrate how the students evaluate the acquired methodical knowledge and skills in the process of French teacher’s professional and methodical activity in general secondary education institutions, to show students’ attitude towards the organization of pedagogical practice in the French language in institutions of general secondary education, as well as the assessment by students of the level of acquired methodical skills for carrying out the professional and methodical activity of a French teacher and the assessment by the teacher according to established criteria. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of reliability was used as a quantitative method to process the obtained results in order to determine the results of professional and methodological training and the professional and methodical competence formation of the pre-service French teachers. In the research, it was found that the professional and methodological training of the pre-service teachers of French as a foreign language lasts for four semesters. The professional and methodological training is carried out within the mandatory (curricular discipline “Methodology of teaching French in institutions of general secondary education” and practical training, which is implemented in two types of pedagogical practice) and optional disciplines. In order to expand the content of targeted training (in the period of 2021-2022 academic year), the preservice French teachers chose the following optional disciplines: “Testing in French language learning” and “Methodology for the formation of French-speaking linguistic and sociocultural competence”). Within the academic disciplines, the pre-service French teachers mastered methodical knowledge and skills of planning lessons by developing plans of the lessons’ parts and the whole French language lessons. They used various teaching aids, independently developed non-standardized tests for the formative assessment of the foreign language competence, and integrated linguistic and sociocultural competences. The preservice French teachers apply their knowledge and skills in the proposed conditions – training (during the educational pedagogical practice “Educational Studies (methodical aspect)”) and real (during the production pedagogical practice in an institution of general secondary education). In the process of professional and methodical training, current and summative types of assessment are applied. The criteria for control were established by the teacher. The results of the professional and methodological training of the pre-service French teachers during the educational process as well as the results of the exam and the results of their performance of tasks of various types of pedagogical practice were analyzed. The results were higher than 0.7 according to Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of reliability. This proves the sufficient level of formation of the professional and methodological competence of the pre-service French teachers under the specified educational program. On the basis of the conducted research, recommendations were formulated to increase the effectiveness of the professional and methodological training of the preservice French teachers: 1) widely use self-assessment and peer-assessment; 2) compare the students’ assessment with teachers; 3) analyze and interpret the obtained results; 4) systematically involve students in reflection, in particular methodical; 5) to involve the students in different types of pedagogical practice. It is promising to study the impact of the content and scope of professional and methodological training on the achievement of program learning outcomes within educational programs in the specialty 014 Secondary education for the training of the pre-service French teachers.

FORMATION OF INFORMATION CULTURE IN STUDENTS OF ENGINEERING AND PEDAGOGICAL AREAS OF EXPERTISE DURING THEIR VOCATIONAL TRAINING

The study examines the problem of the content and structure of the students’ information culture in engineering and pedagogical areas of expertise, as well as directions, methods and technologies of its formation during their professional training. The purpose of the article is to highlight the content and structure of the information culture in students of engineering and pedagogical specialities and to study the leading ways of managing its formation within the vocational training process. It has been established that information culture is complex, integrated, and value-based personal formation, a structural component of the future specialist’s professional culture. It includes a set of knowledge, skills, values and attitudes that aid in effectively perceiving, processing, understanding, evaluating, storing, producing, sharing and application of information in the modern information society, in professional activity and in teaching in educational institutions. It has been found out that information culture in its development goes through several qualitative levels, namely: cognitive (the level of awareness and functional knowledge); emotional value-based (instructions, evaluations, and attitudes); and behavioural (actual and potential cultural behaviour in working with information) ones. Following the analysis of primary sources, within the space of an individual’s information culture, the culture of educational-cognitive activity, communicative and computer cultures have been distinguished. It has been claimed that each component has independent significance and, in unity, ensures the implementation of cognitive, value-orientating, creative-developmental functions, as well as the functions of optimization, intensification, and professionalization in the students’ professional training in engineering and pedagogical area of expertise. It has been generalized that information culture assists future professionals to become active participants in the contemporary information space, effective agents of society’s digital transformation, and representatives of high professional culture and professional and pedagogical mastery. It has been emphasized that the process of shaping the information culture in students of engineering and pedagogical specialities is an integral part of their professional training, conducted based on comprehensive and interdisciplinary approaches. The main directions of such activity include: deepening the content of curriculum disciplines, expanding the content of educational and production practices, introducing special courses and electives, refining the content of students’ independent educational activities in engineering and pedagogical specialities, developing project-based and public activities of students, and in addition – networking. Practical experience in implementing programs for the formation of information culture in educational institutions of various levels has shown that such programs can be successful if they are adapted to the needs and capabilities of a specific educational organisation. Further refinement of comprehensive interdisciplinary programs for the formation of the students’ information culture is seen in its adaptation to changes in the information environment, development of interactive resources, strengthening digital security, collaboration with other organizations, and spreading awareness regarding the importance of information culture and digital literacy among all participants of the educational process. It has been concluded that managing the process of forming the information culture of students in engineering and pedagogical areas of expertise is a complex and multi-faceted task. In its implementation, it is necessary to ensure the unity, interconnection, and complementarity of all the mentioned directions, as well as to carry out direct operation (via consulting, lectures, and seminar classes) and indirect (through pedagogical conditions, established procedures, instructions, and modern SMART systems) competent pedagogical management.

RECONCEPTUALISATION OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION DISCIPLINE IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

This article presents a new approach to the discipline "physical education" and aims to include all students in higher education institutions in motor activities based on interests (individually or at academic group level), to meet the needs of movement and the orientation towards the systematic practice of a sport during the whole life. The reconceptualization of university physical education consisted in the redesign of disciplinary curriculum, taking into account modern approaches to curriculum development, where the priority role is intended for educational purposes expressed in terms of skills, but also for diversifying the forms of practicing physical education activities. The forms of organizing physical education activities proposed to students are the following: lessons - sports tests on a circle or modules/sports tests, physical education sections and motor activities/sports practised outside the educational institution. These forms of activities will intensify the focus on learner, valorizing on the principles of individualization, differentiation and personalization of the learning process.

Instructional leadership in school middle leaders

PurposeInstructional leadership is a school leadership approach that emphasizes improving teaching and learning. This study explores how school middle leaders – teachers holding leadership positions in schools, who are responsible for a particular area or discipline of the school's curriculum – fulfill their instructional leadership role.Design/methodology/approachThe participants in this qualitative study were 24 middle leaders (subject coordinators) in elementary schools in Israel. Data collection was based on semi-structured interviews, and data analysis included three stages: sorting, coding and categorizing.FindingsThe current study points to three main characteristics of instructional leadership in school middle leaders: leading by expertise; leading by collaboration; and leading by example.Originality/valueAt present, there is only scant literature on instructional leadership in school middle leaders. This study suggests that principals and middle leaders, who work closely with each other to provide instructional leadership in their schools, do so in different ways.

Assessing motivations, benefits, and barriers of implementing virtual field experiences in geoscience-related disciplines

Outdoor field experiences have long been part of the traditional curriculum in geoscience-related disciplines and are considered a key aspect of professional development in these areas. When the COVID-19 pandemic forced the cancelation of many field excursions around the world, geoscience departments were forced to make abrupt changes to the ways students would be introduced to field study. Virtual field experiences, which were often utilized prior to COVID-19 in a variety of ways, including preparation for in-person fieldwork, increasing student interest, and increasing student accessibility, were developed and employed as alternative options to in-person field experiences. This embedded mixed-methods study used open, hierarchical coding schemes with referential category structure to code open-ended survey responses from 89 department heads and 27 instructors in geoscience-related departments across the U.S. The study was aimed at better understanding acceptance and familiarity with VFEs, motivations for use, and the benefits and barriers encountered during development and implementation. Binary quantitative data was collected to identify institution type, familiarity with, and motivation for the use of VFEs. Opportunities for student diversity, inclusion, and access for students from historically underrepresented groups (BIPOC, disabled students, women, and LGBTQ + students) were the most immediate benefits recognized. The most often cited barriers were time, skills, and resources needed to create VFEs and put them to use. As VFEs have been utilized in a variety of ways before and during COVID-19, it has become increasingly necessary to discuss the roles they will play going forward in academic and professional geoscience-related spaces.

Spare the rod, spoil the child: measurement and learning from an intervention to shift corporal punishment attitudes and behaviors in Grenada, West Indies.

Childrearing practices in the Caribbean and other postcolonial states have long been associated with corporal punishment and are influenced by expectations of children for respectfulness and obedience. Evidence across settings shows that physical punishment of young children is both ineffective and detrimental. Saving Brains Grenada (SBG) implemented a pilot study of an intervention based on the Conscious Discipline curriculum that aimed to build adult caregivers' skills around non-violent child discipline. We hypothesized that attitudes towards corporal punishment would shift to be negative as adults learned more positive discipline methods, and that child neurodevelopment would correspondingly improve. This report reviews the impact of monitoring and evaluation on the design and implementation of the intervention. Study 1 presents findings from the pilot study. Despite positive gains in neurodevelopmental outcomes among children in the intervention compared to controls, attitudes towards corporal punishment and reported use of it did not change. Additionally, several internal conflicts in the measures used to assess corporal punishment behaviors and attitudes were identified. Study 2 is a response to learning from Study 1 and highlights the importance for monitoring and evaluation to be data-informed, adaptive, and culturally appropriate. In Study 2, the SBG research team conducted cognitive interviews and group discussions with stakeholders to assess the content and comprehensibility of the Attitudes Towards Corporal Punishment Scale (ACP). This yielded insights into the measurement of attitudes towards corporal punishment and related parenting behavior, and prompted several revisions to the ACP. To accurately evaluate the intervention's theory of change and its goal to reduce violence against children, reliable and appropriate measures of attitudes towards corporal punishment and punishment behaviors are needed. Together, these two studies emphasize the value of continuous monitoring, evaluation, and learning in the implementation, adaptation, evaluation, and scaling of SBG and similar early childhood development interventions.

Addressing diversity in speech science courses

The study of how speech is produced, transmitted, and perceived is a critical component in the curriculum of multiple disciplines—linguistics, communication science and disorders, cognitive science, and speech technology all rely on a fundamental understanding of speech science. Pedagogy in speech science across these disciplines has a rich history of experiential learning techniques. Despite being at the forefront of pedagogical innovations, speech science courses have lagged in terms of their representation of cultural and linguistic diversity in the classroom. Many speech scientists understand that linguistic diversity is a part of all human language systems. However, in our experience, relatively few courses involve the purposeful inclusion of multiple language varieties throughout the course across all topics. The goal of this paper is to highlight how to be more inclusive in teaching speech science.

Exploring the Design and Practice of Ideological and Political Education in the Course of Tunnel Engineering under the Background of New Engineering Discipline: A Case Study of Hope College, Southwest Jiaotong University

Under the background of the new engineering discipline, talent cultivation requires not only intellectual education but also moral education. In response to the main issues concerning ideological and political education in the current new engineering discipline curriculum, this paper focuses on exploring the process of ideological and political construction in tunnel engineering. It highlights the necessity of curriculum-based ideological and political education and the exploration of ideological and political elements. These elements are cleverly integrated into the course design, and the effectiveness of the ideological and political practice in the curriculum is examined through an evaluation of teaching outcomes. The aim is to improve the educational effectiveness of the tunnel engineering construction course and provide valuable insights and references for the ideological and political construction in other engineering disciplines.

What Is Personal Is Political... Right From Day One: Unveiling Gender Inequalities in Group Work

Teaching Sociology and Political Science enables us to address gender inequalities as part of the curriculum in disciplines that analyze inequalities and power relations and as a transverse competence to be used in the classroom, turning students into protagonists in the recognition and management of discrimination. In this article, we show how the first day of class can be an ideal moment, within the framework of a subject based on the methodology of project-based learning (PBL), to make the theoretical foundations of the gender perspective visible to students through their own experience. Here we present some techniques that reveal how gender norms are the cause of the unequal distribution of roles which assigns women to the private and reproductive space in the classroom. Based on the hypothesis that group work can prove to be a blind spot from the gender perspective, we take advantage of the potential of the cooperative learning methodology to stimulate critical thinking in students, by providing them with new tools to identify the public nature of gender inequalities.

Disrupting the discourse: Applying critical race theory as a conceptual framework for reflecting on learning and teaching in higher education

The Higher Education Sector in Britain, United Kingdom (UK) is currently being taken to task regarding issues of structural inequality and unfair outcomes for student learners from non-white backgrounds, also referred to as the degree awarding gap. How do we disrupt the narrative concerning race, and more specifically as part of our learning, teaching and assessment practices? Using Critical Race Theory, a project, ‘Disrupt the Discourse,’ an initiative launched in 2021 is a small scale case study piloting the application of the aforementioned theory as part of learning and teaching in a Higher Education Institution based in London. The project explored issues of curriculum design, and assessment practices in response to the issue of the degree awarding gap. The initiative explicitly explores uncomfortable conversations about race as part of learning and teaching practice and by working with a team of anti-racist scholars, a curriculum framework and digital toolkit to explore the lived experiences of student and staff was created. Feedback from the pilot was encouraging, academics from different curriculum disciplines and cultural backgrounds saw the initiative as instrumental in re considering assessment practices, curriculum content and pedagogy as part of learning and teaching practice.

Estratégias de ensino do raciocínio clínico nos cursos de Medicina do Brasil - revisão integrativa

Abstract: Introduction: Clinical reasoning is considered one of the main skills that must be developed by medical students, as it allows the establishment of diagnostic hypotheses and directs investigative and diagnostic strategies using a rational approach. Although educators have traditionally focused the teaching method on the analytical model, many medical professors face the challenge in their daily lives of finding new strategies to help their students develop clinical reasoning. Objective: To carry out an integrative literature review to identify the strategies used in the teaching-learning process of clinical reasoning in Brazilian medical schools. Method: The methodology used consists of six steps: 1. creation of the research question; 2. definition of inclusion and exclusion criteria; 3. list of information to be extracted; 4. evaluation of included studies; 5. interpretation of results and 6. presentation of the review. Results: Most studies indicate that the teaching of clinical reasoning is carried out through discussions of clinical cases, incidentally, in different disciplines or through the use of active methodologies such as PBL, TBL and CBL. Only three studies presented at conferences disclosed experiences related to the implementation of a mandatory curricular discipline specifically aimed at teaching clinical reasoning. The teaching of clinical reasoning is prioritized in internships in relation to the clinical and pre-clinical phases. Final considerations: There are few studies that analyze how clinical reasoning is taught to medical students in Brazilian medical schools. Although more studies are needed, we can observe the lack of theoretical knowledge about clinical reasoning as one of the main causes of the students’ difficulty in developing clinical reasoning.

A look to the curricular discipline of Digital Culture in the New High School: the relationship of Digital Information and Communication Technologies and the Teaching of Physics

No cenário atual, uma das principais habilidades requeridas pelos sujeitos diz respeito ao desenvolvimento de novas estratégias para melhor utilização das tecnologias digitais, que têm demonstrado um grande potencial no desenvolvimento da sociedade. Na busca de alternativas formativas para o âmbito da Educação Básica, a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) inseriu uma nova disciplina curricular, denominada Cultura e Tecnologias Digitais, ou Cultura Digital. Nesse contexto, o presente artigo tem como objetivo principal investigar a nova disciplina curricular Cultura Digital, inserida nas escolas estaduais no contexto do novo Ensino Médio. Para a realização deste estudo, baseamo-nos nas diretrizes presentes no Referencial Curricular Gaúcho e na BNCC do Ensino Médio, documentos oficiais desse contexto. Especificamente, desenvolveu-se uma Revisão Sistemática de Literatura (RSL), investigando as publicações dos periódicos nacionais de melhor avaliação no Qualis CAPES da grande área Ensino, com foco em publicações nas subáreas de Ensino de Física e Educação em Ciências. A análise dos dados obtidos foi realizada a partir das cinco etapas de investigação descritas por Yin [21]. Podemos concluir no sentido da importância da implantação da disciplina Cultura Digital em todas as modalidades de Ensino, devido ao fato de potencializar a construção do conhecimento através do auxílio das tecnologias. A implementação da Cultura Digital desperta e motiva o interesse dos alunos nas atividades associadas às práticas educativas, por meio das tecnologias. Nesse âmbito, cabe ao professor atuar como mediador de conhecimentos por meio da integração das Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDIC), fomentando um processo de ensino e aprendizagem que faça sentido ao estudante. Ademais, como essa disciplina foi recentemente introduzida em sala de aula, entende-se necessário um estudo mais aprofundado, debatendo a opinião da escola, dos professores, dos alunos e da comunidade que estão atreladas à sua implementação, no sentido de identificar os avanços e obstáculos nesse âmbito e, a partir daí, buscar caminhos e possibilidades de promover a qualidade da integração da mesma.