Family Discipline Research Articles

Differential Treatment of Siblings: Interview and Diary Analyses Comparing Two Family Contexts

We assessed parental differential treatment of siblings (maternal time, affection, discipline) in normal and high-risk families. Differential treatment was measured using home interviews, nightly phone ratings, and daily diaries tracking how mothers spent their time. Subjects were 40 mothers of toddlers (average age 2 years) and preschoolers (average age 4 1/2 years): half were caring for a younger child with a chronic illness (i.e., cystic fibrosis), and half were caring for two healthy children. Little evidence of parental differential treatment was found in the home or phone interview data. However, on the diary variables, both quantitative and qualitative differences in parental treatment were found in cystic fibrosis (CF) versus comparison families. Specifically, mothers spent more individual time with younger, chronically ill children in play and mealtime activities than with their older, healthy siblings. Further, mothers in the CF group rated time spent with older children as significantly more negative than time spent with younger children. Convergence between measures of differential treatment and advantages of using a high-risk comparison approach are discussed.

INTERVIEWS WITH CHILDREN WHO EXPERIENCED MAJOR LIFE STRESS: FAMILY AND CHILD ATTRIBUTES THAT PREDICT RESILIENT OUTCOMES

Demographically comparable groups of children exposed to major life-stress, with stress resilient (SR) and stress affected (SA) outcomes at ages 10 to 12, were interviewed to assess perceptions of their caregiving environments, peer relationships, and themselves. SR children compared with SA children reported more: (1) positive relationships with primary caregivers, (2) stable family environments, (3) inductive and consistent family discipline practices, and (4) positive expectations for their futures. SR girls viewed their mothers as more nurturing than did SA girls. Perceptions of fathers, quality of peer relationships, and global self-concept did not differentiate the groups. A discriminant function analysis identified four variables that correctly classified 74% of the subjects as SR or SA. Findings support the view that caregiver-child relationships play a key role in moderating children's developmental outcomes under conditions of high stress.

"Parent and nonparent residential family members as providers of warmth and supervision to young adolescents" and "Negative discipline in families: A multidimensional risk model": Correction to Kurdek and Faine, and Fisher and Fagot.

"Parent and nonparent residential family members as providers of warmth and supervision to young adolescents" and "Negative discipline in families: A multidimensional risk model": Correction to Kurdek and Faine, and Fisher and Fagot.

Negative discipline in families: A multidimensional risk model.

The relationship between parental discipline and family functioning is well documented. Less well understood are the factors that influence parental discipline. In this study, a multidimensional model is introduced in which known correlates of negative discipline are integrated into a single conceptual framework. These correlates, which are considered to be risk factors, include traditional gender role values, parental antisocial personality characteristics, interspousal conflict, financial strain, and child gender.

"Negative discipline in families: A multidimensional risk model": Correction.

"Negative discipline in families: A multidimensional risk model": Correction.

Negative discipline in families: A multidimensional risk model.

Negative discipline in families: A multidimensional risk model.

"Negative discipline in families: A multidimensional risk model": Correction.

"Negative discipline in families: A multidimensional risk model": Correction.

Interviews with Children Who Experienced Major Life Stress: Family and Child Attributes that Predict Resilient Outcomes

Abstract Demographically comparable groups of children exposed to major life-stress, with stress resilient (SR) and stress affected (SA) outcomes at ages 10 to 12, were interviewed to assess perceptions of their caregiving environments, peer relationships, and themselves. SR children compared with SA children reported more: (1) positive relationships with primary caregivers, (2) stable family environments, (3) inductive and consistent family discipline practices, and (4) positive expectations for their futures. SR girls viewed their mothers as more nurturing than did SA girls. Perceptions of fathers, quality of peer relationships, and global self-concept did not differentiate the groups. A discriminant function analysis identified four variables that correctly classified 74% of the subjects as SR or SA. Findings support the view that caregiver-child relationships play a key role in moderating children's developmental outcomes under conditions of high stress.

Education for Family Health Care Professionals: Nursing as a Paradigm

The traditional health care focus on individual clients is rapidly being replaced by the family as a unit of analysis for education, service, and research. Family nurses in particular are at the forefront of this important movement and their innovative experience can benefit other disciplines that work within the mental and physical health care delivery systems. This article describes two perspectives on current practices in family nursing education and explores critical imperatives for the future. These imperatives provide direction to educators and clinicians across family disciplines in planning for the next century of family-focused health care.

A Recommendation About the Identity of the Family Discipline

A Recommendation About the Identity of the Family Discipline

The Development of the Cleminshaw--Guidubaldi Parent Satisfaction Scale

Considering the lack of assessment devices for determining satisfaction with parenting, this article describes the development of a new parenting satisfaction scale comprised of five domains: spouse support, parent-child relationship, parent performance, family discipline and control, and general satisfaction. Factor descriptions are provided, and factor scores are compared to the more easily computed unit scores. Unit weighing was found to be a satisfactory approach to scoring, and these scores as welt as factor scores for the five 10-item factors related strongly to four criterion measures of marital satisfaction and life satisfaction. Reliabilities for the domains and total score ranged from. 76 to .93. Correlations with demographic data indicate that the scales appear to be appropriate for use with a variety of parents. Insignificant correlations were obtained when comparing age, employment status, income, number of children, years of marriage, and religion. Results from the current analyses are considered to be critical steps in the development of this assessment device. The instrument is intended to serve important functions in professional work with a variety of parenting problems.

Having a Family Discipline Means We Need a New Bottle for the New Wine: A Case Study in Boundary Clarification

Having a Family Discipline Means We Need a New Bottle for the New Wine: A Case Study in Boundary Clarification

The welfare of urban youth in China 1949–79

The problems of urban youth in China, especially juvenile delinquency, have been a continuing policy concern for the Chinese Communist Party. Undoubtedly the factors that have most influenced the welfare of urban youth have been the inevitable delays in assigning them jobs and their compulsory and permanent transfer to the countryside. Exacerbating the situation has been the evident weakening of family discipline and the continuing confusion as to youth's proper role in Chinese society. The Chinese Communist Party's response has been to urge local neighbourhoods, rural production teams and local enterprises to provide a range of services and facilities for urban young people so as to inhibit juvenile misbehaviour and to ensure that they become policically and socially conforming adults.

The family and industrial discipline in ante‐bellum New England

The family and industrial discipline in ante‐bellum New England

Causal factors in suicidal attempts by male and female college students.

Case histories of 69 Harvard and Radcliffe students who attempted suicide were surveyed. Variables studied included the mode of suicide, precipitating factors, background factors which may have contributed, and results in terms of treatment and further education. Relevant factors seem to be concerned with loss, concern over academic work, parental level of education, and source of family discipline.

Men of Letters and Lettres de Cachet in the Administration of Cardinal Fleury

REGARDING leitres de cachet, apologists for the ancien regime in France have been at pains to suggest, first, that the lettres were used sparingly and, secondly, that they served chiefly as a means for enforcing family discipline.' Thus their defenders imply that, since the lettres were not primarily intended as an instrument for suppressing political discontents, they did not constitute a very serious threat to what would now be called the civil liberties of the king's subjects. This flattering estimate of the situation has, however, been assailed. The leading contemporary historian of Jansenism asserts that 40,000 lettres de cachet were issued in the seventeen years of Cardinal Fleury's administration alone.2 And it is interesting to discover evidence-and that in the form of one of the comparatively rare letters in Fleury's own hand-that during his administration there were enough men of letters among the prisonniers d'Etat to become the object of his concern. Moreover, in some prisons, the majority of the prisonniers d'Etat were men of letters. This evidence, contained in a letter to the abb6e Jean-Paul Bignon (I662-1743), who was Royal Librarian from I7i8 to I74I, is now to be found in the archives administratives of the Biblioth-eque nationale: A fontau ce 8. Juillet I731

The Decline of Discipline

Whether we deplore it, or welcome it as a deliverance, it is a fact beyond controversy that parental authority has decreased in the last fifty years, and. that this has been accompanied by a decline in family discipline. The battle is joined, but the issue is still in doubt, between those who see in this a breakdown of the family group pattern, and those who believe that the development of the psychologists’ ‘free’ child is the forerunner of a new age of enlightenment, a new family relationship of pure love—although, apparently, the obligations in this new relationship are entirely material ones and entirely onesided. It may not be inappropriate in a number of Blackfriars devoted to the Family to glance briefly at some of the implications of this phenomenon.When seen against its historical background the first thing to strike the observer is that this decline is not an isolated fact, but that it appears to be bound up with a general decline of the concept of authority, and a growing tendency to pragmatic thought. Sovereignty is no longer looked upon as delegated by God, but as residing in the group, whether this group is defined as an individual group, or an ideal group ol humanity to which all subordinate groups owe allegiance, and with reference to which their separate authorities are limited. The parent has progressively, during the last half-century, come to doubt his ‘right’ to exercise discipline, has forgotten the real source of his authority, and has accepted more and more State interference. The rapid contemporary advance in Social Services, excellent in so many ways, has often undermined ‘the parents’ sense of responsibility, and narrowed the field of their authority, still further. Moreover, once the origin of that authority nad become obscure, the mother, and to a lesser degree the father, became an easy prey to the popular versions of current psychology.