Disciplinary Procedures Research Articles

Nobodies and somebodies

This article draws on ethnographic research to examine the bureaucratic matrix of temporal, material, and legal scales that come together to constitute the rehousing process for a group of rough sleepers seeking passage out of homelessness in contemporary London. Further, it explores the ways in which different bureaucratic technologies mediate the relations between the rehousing hub’s staff, its homeless clients, and local housing authorities, paying particular attention to the way these economies solidify the already asymmetrical power relations that existed between the homeless and those employed to manage them. For the homeless, this process is constituted by a spatiotemporality of confinement and seemingly endless waiting that shunts them into the margins of citizenship, caught between being a nobody and a somebody. Thinking through contemporary debates in political theory, this article approaches the rehousing process (or failure thereof) not as a linear pathway but as a constellation of disciplinary and bureaucratic procedures within which exceptional structures of sovereignty and neoliberal governmentality intersect. Applying these ideas anthropologically, I demonstrate how this intersectionality works to continually shape and reshape the existential realities, possibilities, and aspirations of the hub’s homeless clients.

Student evaluations of teaching: emerging surveillance and resistance

ABSTRACT Despite previous research claiming surveillance emerges from student evaluations of teaching (SET), there is an absence of research using surveillance theory to determine whether it emerges, the nature of the surveillance should it emerge, and how academics resist its effects. Through an analysis of four university business schools, a top-down vertical surveillance imbued with disciplinary procedures is identified, involving a few managers scrutinising many academics through the observations of many students. A bottom-up vertical surveillance is also identified, involving many academics scrutinising a few managers through the observations of many students. The similarities and differences between mystery shopping and the surveillance emerging from SET are also explored to highlight the crucial role students play in the surveillance. A further contribution is made through an analysis of how academics engage in resistance activities designed to disrupt the flow of performance information between observer and observed.

El debido proceso como derecho fundamental en los procesos disciplinarios sancionatorios de los estudiantes universitarios

El debido proceso es un derecho de carácter supra legal, instaurado en la Constitución Política de varios Estados. El derecho a la educación y el principio de autonomía universitaria se complementan entre sí, para inicio a procesos de régimen disciplinario a los estudiantes universitarios cuando el caso amerite, dentro de dichos procesos se encuentran particularidades distintivas por cuanto sus normas no se sitúan en leyes, sino en reglamentos consagrados por las universidades, en el ejercicio del principio de autonomía universitaria, además se encuentra la parte académica de la educación superior y por último la relación estudiante – universidad que se circunscribe al derecho a la educación entendida en su doble dimensión derecho – deber. Este artículo está enfocado a hacer una revisión sobre la cuáles son los elementos que deben contener los procesos sancionatorios emitidos por las Universidades para que garanticen el debido proceso en todas sus etapas.

Sexual harassment and disciplinary procedures : never the twain shall meet

Notwithstanding extensive theoretical discourse on sexual harassment and how and why it occurs, sexual harassment abounds. In contrast, accountability is rare. Impunity continues notwithstanding the impact of hashtag movements against sexual harassment. This article discusses the reasons why sexual harassment continues to be so rarely addressed in the workplace, despite the unprecedented universal openness and anger about sexual harassment, and about the impunity that follows. At the core of this impunity is a profound dissonance between the harm of sexual harassment, on the one hand, and traditional workplace disciplinary procedures, on the other. The procedural deficiencies have been identified and critiqued by theorists for decades. For the first time, however, details of these deficiencies are mainstream. They have come to the attention of the public consciousness through the mass coverage of the poignant, at times, devastating, stories of sexual harassment. While these movements have turned organisations' attention to the fact that they need to take sexual harassment seriously, there has been a dearth of real and effective reimagining of the disciplinary procedures themselves. The status quo, therefore, is that we know there is a staggering level of harm caused as a result of sexual harassment; we know that workplace disciplinary procedures tend to fail persons who experience sexual harassment; but we have almost no attempt to modify and reconceptualise the structures of disciplinary procedures. It is the paucity of recommendations for technical adjustments to the disciplinary procedures which is the focus of this article.

Was student subjected to unfair disciplinary procedures?

Claremont McKenna College student John Doe was notified in March 2015 that Scripps College student Jane Roe had accused him of sexually assaulting her in his residence hall room.

Multiple Stakeholder Perspectives on School-Based Responses to Student Suicide Risk in a Diverse Public School District

Schools across the US have implemented suicide prevention procedures to detect risk among students and facilitate linkage to mental health services. Yet, many students at risk for suicide do not access mental health treatment, and significant racial/ethnic disparities in service utilization persist. Quality improvement of suicide prevention procedures is needed to enhance care for suicidal youth. The present study examined perspectives of multiple stakeholders involved in school-based suicide prevention procedures through a qualitative design, in order to generate a set of quality improvement targets. Participants included school staff, students assessed for suicide risk at school, and their caregivers. Results indicated points of commonality and divergence across stakeholder groups. Students and parents described feelings of exclusion from decision-making processes, perceptions of rigid and disciplinary assessment procedures, traumatic experiences with crisis intervention, and practical barriers and facilitators to follow-up services. Staff perspectives highlighted positive regard for standardized protocols, efforts to reduce negative student experiences with assessment procedures, prioritization of student safety, and potential practical and attitudinal barriers and facilitators to follow-up care. Given these findings, a set of quality improvement targets is proposed and discussed, with a focus on family-centered interventions to promote engagement.

Zhuhong’s Communal Rules for the Late Ming Nunnery Filiality and Righteousness Unobstructed

AbstractThis article presents a single detailed case study of communal life at a small private Buddhist nunnery governed by strict rules and inhabited by religiously active nuns. The first half of this article focuses on why the nunnery was constructed, how it was funded, where it was built, its architectural design, and its residents. The second half examines the daily ritual activities of the nuns, their education, disciplinary procedures, fundraising, and community relations. In bringing to life how the culture of monastic discipline shaped the daily rhythms of these nuns’ lives, this article further sheds light not only on monastic culture in Hangzhou at the end of the Ming, but also demonstrates the contrast between that culture and other Buddhist and contemporary religious competitors in the surrounding religious landscape. In so doing, this article shifts our attention from the study of hagiography to the broader context of female monastic culture exhibited in the genres of communal rules (guiyue) and vinaya texts.

ABA CHR Report: The Case of Judge Alina Czubieniak: Threats to Judicial Independence in Poland through the Use of Judicial Disciplinary Procedures

The American Bar Association Center for Human Rights would like to acknowledge Elizabeth Zechenter, an American-educated international attorney, social scientist, published author, and public speaker, for her profound contribution to this report. Ms. Zechenter's pro bono assistance was instrumental and served as the basis for this report in many ways. Since 2015, the Polish government has enacted a series of so-called judicial reforms' including the creation of new disciplinary procedures and oversight body for judges that have dramatically increased political oversight of the judiciary. One of the first judge to be disciplined under the newly created judicial disciplinary body was Judge Alina Czubieniak. The ABA Center for Human Rights sent monitors to Judge Czubieniak's disciplinary hearings to ascertain whether they complied with international standards for maintaining the independence of the judiciary. Its monitors found several indicia that the new judicial disciplinary procedures fail to properly protect judges against improper influence and are subject to potential arbitrary application, which has since been confirmed by decisions at the European Court of Justice and the Polish Supreme Court. The judicial reforms of the last four years have made it possible for disciplinary procedures to be used as a tool to intimidate judges whose decisions are unpopular with the executive branch. The independence of the judiciary is threatened when disciplinary procedures are applied arbitrarily. Judge Czubieniak's case was one of the first in a series of disciplinary proceedings, brought by the Ministry of Justice against judges for legitimate judicial activities and the first to be decided by the newly created Disciplinary Chamber. While governments may reform judicial disciplinary proceedings to reduce overall delays, ethic violations, conflicts of interest, and other inefficiencies in the judicial system, disciplinary proceedings should not be used to discipline judges for issuing valid legal opinions that are deemed unpopular by the executive. Arbitrary application of disciplinary proceedings endangers the fair and impartial administration of justice. This and other recent cases against judges are part of a growing evidence that, in addition to the threat to judicial independence posed by the Disciplinary Chamber's creation and process, the Ministry of Justice has used the new process to target judges whose rulings are inconvenient and to chill legitimate and protected free speech.

Disciplinary Procedures for Judges: A Case Study of the Independence of the Jordanian Judiciary Law

This paper focuses on highlighting the importance of judges’ disciplinary procedures in the light of the law of the independence of the Jordanian judiciary as the supreme organ of the state. It also shows the role of the judiciary in adjudicating disputes between individuals or between individuals and the State in terms of its autonomy, independence of judicial supervision, and judicial immunity, as well as the disciplinary procedures. The following was discussed: concept of discipline and the adequacy of the disciplinary decision, the nature of the mistakes of judicial discipline, or disciplinary sanctions. The discipline of the public servant focuses on preserving the public right, respecting the reputation of public utilities, and building functional behavior that perpetuates the work of these facilities. The aim of disciplining judges is to focus on the administration of justice. The integrity of Judges makes the State a state of law. Through this way, the judicial process and disciplinary sanctions against those who violate the right and justice of judges do not in any way interfere with the independence and prestige of the judiciary in the society. It isstated that the existence of the same penalty in the law of the independence of the judiciary and in the Jordanian civil service system does not affect the essence of the independence of the judiciary. The penalty in its name shows one, but the implementation and importance in the law of the independence of the judiciary is different from that in the civil service system.

Influences on proactive classroom management: Views of teachers in government secondary schools, Queensland

Proactive classroom management is associated with increased teacher wellbeing and improved student learning outcomes. Yet research indicates that many teachers over-report and underuse practices associated with this approach. The research findings reported here were drawn from semi-structured interviews conducted with 26 government secondary school teachers in Queensland, Australia. These teachers favoured a classroom management approach based on establishing positive relationships with students, but they raised challenges related to cultivating student engagement, meeting the diverse needs of learners and adherence to school disciplinary procedures. Although they felt generally confident with classroom management and were relatively satisfied with student behaviour, they identified a need for better initial teacher preparation, improved induction support and opportunities for ongoing professional development for classroom management.

Integrative review of studies about nurses who have been disciplined by their professional regulatory bodies.

To synthesize knowledge in studies about nurses who had been disciplined by their professional regulatory bodies. Unprofessional conduct that violates patient safety, nursing standards or legislation can result in disciplinary action that affects nurse's professional rights to practice. However, research on disciplinary procedures in nursing is fragmented. An integrative review was carried out with systematic searches between January 2006 and November 2018, using the CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases and manual searches. The quality of the 17 included studies was evaluated with the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool. The evidence in the included studies focused on various databases. Disciplined nurses were described in relation to their characteristics and disciplined because of numerous patients, practice and behaviour related violations. Similar disciplinary actions against nurses were reported. This review provides knowledge on contributory risk factors that can be used to develop professional standards and early interventions in nursing management. More systematic research is needed, together with clear definitions of disciplinary procedures. This knowledge could strengthen the abilities of nurse managers to recognize and prevent events that seldom occur but seriously threaten the safety of patients and nurses when they do.

An Evaluation of Student Discipline of Emilio Aguinaldo College – Cavite: A Basis for Continual Improvement

Undoubtedly, managing student discipline is one of the concerns of higher education institutions in the Philippines nowadays. However, despite the so many strategies to alleviate serious and not so serious offenses in EAC-Cavite, there have never been any established guidelines to evaluate student discipline occurrences and intervention as the basis for continual improvement. This study evaluates the major types of student discipline and analyzes its kind of offense incurred by students for Academic Year 2018-2019 from the 14 schools in EAC-Cavite which are categorically divided into five (5) clusters.
 This study uses the mixed methods of research using the data gathered daily by the Discipline Officers. The data were summarized using frequency and percentage or according to the number of offenses recorded each month and the recorded incidents per cluster. The Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was also conducted among 20 student offenders who voluntarily provide reasons of such occurrences. The students analyzed and gave their possible solutions to improve their habits. Although this study is a nonexperimental, this implies that this evaluation documents the college-wide intervention and the role of the Office of Student Affairs (OSA) to improve their reporting technique on student discipline. Findings show that there were fewer occurrences per cluster after the intervention; however, for continual improvement purposes, this study recommends a continuous evaluation of the OSA’s disciplinary procedures, intervention guidelines, and reporting strategies to enhance student services at EAC-Cavite.

A duty of care to the nurse as well.

Sam Foster, Chief Nurse, Oxford University Hospitals, reflects on the responsibility employers have to ensure that disciplinary procedures and processes are fit for purpose.

Binding and loosing on earth: Evaluating the strategy for church disciplinary procedures proposed in Matthew 18:15-18 through the lenses of thinking and feeling

Matthew 18:15–18 proposed a disciplined strategy for dealing with disputes within the Matthean emerging Christian community. The present study was designed to test the theory, proposed by the SIFT approach to biblical hermeneutics, that reader interpretation of this strategy is influenced by the individual readers’ psychological type preferences. Participants attending two conferences in 2017 reflected on this strategy, working in groups that distinguished between feeling types and thinking types: 15 biblical scholars at the Summer School of the Urban Theology Unit, and 22 curates and training incumbents at a 3-day residential programme. Consistent with psychological type theory and with the SIFT approach to biblical hermeneutics, the feeling types found the whole tone of the passage uncomfortable and unsettling. The thinking types identified more readily with the Matthean strategy. These findings add weight to the reader perspective approach to the interpretation of scripture that takes the psychological type profile of the reader into account.

Fashion’s Measure: Preaching, Chronicle-Writing, and the New Look of the 1340s

The clothes sported by young Italian men in the 1340s—tunics cropped at the pelvis, slouchy hoods, large bags hanging from metallic belts—were as daring as their emergence was sudden and mysterious. Scholars have generally associated their appearance with Italy’s rampant mercantilism and even regarded them as the first occurrence of fashion; yet, as this essay notices, their descriptions mostly draw from the language of size, thus encouraging the exploration of fashion as a metric construct. Reading chronicles of late medieval tailoring through measuring practices help us identify the “new look” of the 1340s as a product of the communes, the governments of the Italian city-states, which carefully controlled both the production of clothes and the application of standards. By inserting tailoring within the cities' disciplinary procedures and discourses, this essay reveals the overlooked activism of the preaching orders who, in their roles as chroniclers, moral arbiters, advisors to law-makers and, especially, measurement checkers, established size as the perceptual filter for determining the respectability of clothing.

Quasi

Beginning in the late 1960s a series of reforms saw the emergence of vast numbers of bureaucratic instruments meant to standardize the care, custody, and control of inmates. Grievance and disciplinary procedures were largely homogenized to ensure inmates’ protection from the abuses that were prevalent especially in the southern plantation model of incarceration. These same procedures, however, resulted in the increasing removal of prisoners from the sphere of legal, judicial, and, more broadly, public discourse and oversight. This article analyzes how the failure to prosecute crimes committed inside the prison functions to diminish the legal and political standing of both criminal and victim. In handling crime as an extrajudicial matter, adjudicated exclusively by disciplinary boards, the prisoner-criminal and prisoner-victim are positioned as quasi-legal subjects, bearing neither the rights nor responsibilities of citizenship. The prison, therefore, is a model institution for downsizing citizenship, and its disciplinary procedures are an ideal model for the neoliberalization of public institutions.

Evaluation of the Physicochemical Quality of Raw Bovine and Goat Milk Marketed in the Steppic Region of Djelfa (Algeria)

This research was conducted to study the key physicochemical parameters of samples of raw bovine and goat milk collected in the steppic region of Djelfa. One hundred and six samples of raw milk were collected from April 2018 to May 2018, at points of sale and analyzed. The results showed that cow’s milk had 3.66±0.89% fat, 11.4±1.56% solid not fat, 4.35±0.61% protein, 6.35±0.89% lactose and a density of 1.0360±0.0056 with a freezing point of -0.380±0.053 °C. While goat’s milk had 3.43±0.65% fat, 10.2±0.92% solid not fat, 3.88±0.36% protein, 5.66±0.52% lactose and a density of 1.0317±0.0035 with a freezing point of -0.348±0.044 °C. This proves that cow’s milk has a slightly higher physicochemical quality than goat’s milk. In addition, the present study showed that 100% raw goat milk is wet against 97.1% raw bovine milk. This indicates the presence of cases of fraud requiring disciplinary procedures. Moreover, in the majority of the cases, the storage temperatures of the milk far exceed the values recommended by the Algerian standards (+6°C). It is necessary to establish a program of control and popularization of all the actors of the sector in order to improve the quality and the quantity of raw milk produced.

Origene e la filosofia greca: Scienze, testi, lessico. By Vito Limone

This book takes Origen studies across the threshold to a new kind of rigour and depth. The book is not another study of Origen and Platonism and does not enter into the structures of Origen’s theology; even the Peri Archôn is not examined. That the author is in fact versed in these wider aspects is attested in a string of articles written between 2013 and 2016 on such themes as Plotinian henology and Origen’s Trinity, kenosis in the Commentary on John, and mercy in Origen and Gregory of Nyssa, as well as studies on Origen and Schelling published from 2011 to 2013. But in the present work he descends to the base of the Origenian colossus, in order to assess Origen’s acquaintance with and use of the disciplinary procedures of Greek philosophy in his time, his citations of Greek philosophers within that context, and his use of philosophical lexicons. The texts most relevant for this are the Commentary on John, of which Limone prepared a bilingual edition (Milan: Bompiani, 2012), and of course the Contra Celsum.

Regulation of health professions in Ontario: self-regulation with statutory- based public accountability

The paper explores the model of regulation of health professionals in Ontario, Canada; a self-regulation model built around a detailed statutory scheme. The core of the paper consists of a discussion of Ontario’s Regulated Health Professions Act and of the key components of 26 specific health profession acts that have been enacted under its umbrella. The paper explores the role of the regulatory colleges, the role of the Ministry of Health in determining scope of practice and other components of medical practice, and the disciplinary and appeal procedures. Some other specific issues are also briefly touched upon, such as the integration into the profession of internationally trained physicians, and the government’s role in ensuring access to specialists across the province. A final section looks at the challenges and the limitations of the Ontario model, through a number of health professions-related controversies that reveal gaps in self-regulation, including: failure to set and enforce proper educational and practice standards in specific areas; failure to conduct timely investigations into potential misconduct by professionals; and failure to question professionals in a position of power. The paper also discusses briefly the implications of recognizing through legal regulation some alternative and complementary medical practices, and the challenge of regulating indigenous health care practitioners. It concludes that the primary limitations of the regulatory model arise on account of professional self-interest and power-relations impacting procedural issues, and the complexity of the regulatory model that may potentially undermine quality control.

The state relationship with religion: Defined through disciplinary procedures of accounting and regulation

State regulation of charities is increasing. Nevertheless, although religious entities also pursue charitable objectives, jurisdictions often regulate them differently. In some states (including England until recently), the church (religious charities) are not called to account for their common-good contribution, despite owning significant assets and receiving public and government income. These regulatory and accounting variations emanate from a state’s historically informed positional relationship with religion, which may be discordant against increasing religious pluralism and citizens’ commonly-held beliefs. To open a debate on state–church relationships within the accounting history literature, this article analyses changes in England since 1534. It utilises a state–church framework from Monsma and Soper, combined with an application and extension of Foucauldian governmentality. The longitudinal study shows direct and indirect governmentality tools change with the state–church relationship. Such harmonisation of regulatory approach relies on citizens/entities subverting imposition of state demands which fail to meet their concept of common-good.