Disciplinary Practices Research Articles

Organizational Resilience: A Key Factor for Business Survival and Value Creation – A Secondary Publication

The lodging and restaurant services sector in the city of Pereira presents complex situations generated by the turbulence of the new business game. Companies that survive the new challenges and those recently established require strategies that allow them to extend their life expectancy. Therefore, the study aims to identify how to apply resilience and management disciplines in a tool that allows companies in the sector under study to sufficiently face situations of high complexity. Achieving this objective requires knowing the causes of the short life span of many companies, identifying how surviving companies articulate management disciplines with their strategic objectives, and analyzing the possibility of formulating an organizational model based on resilience as a value. The methodology applied was mixed. The sample was simply random; 23 companies were analyzed through structured interviews and participant observation. As the most significant results: the deficient application of management disciplines was identified as an important cause of company closures; the level of acceptance to implement the practice of resilience and management disciplines in companies; and the way to apply resilience and management disciplines in an instrument that builds value. It was concluded that an organizational model should be formulated where resilience and management disciplines are applied to face times of crisis.

Parenting Practices and Children’s Cognitive Effort: A Laboratory Study

We examine the association between parenting practices (discipline and support) and children’s cognitive effort. Cognitive effort is hard to measure; hence, little is known about effort dispositions, and how parenting practices affect effort. We analyse data from 1,148 fifth-grade students from Berlin and Madrid (around 11 years of age). Cognitive effort is measured with tests of executive function, carried out under two reward schemes: an unincentivised and incentivised condition. We study two effort-related outcomes: “effort direction” – the child’s decision to voluntarily do a real-effort task – and “effort intensity” – the child’s performance on the task. In line with theoretical expectations, results indicate that both parental discipline and support are associated with effort direction when the moderating role of incentives is taken into account. However, only parental discipline is (weakly) associated with effort intensity. We conclude that parenting practices primarily influence deliberative rather than instinctual types of cognitive effort.

Features of organizing physical education for students in the conditions of distance learning

Over the past few years, the conditions under which Ukraine's development is taking place have been characterized by a number of changes and transformations. Undoubtedly, they were reflected in all social relations, including educational ones. Thus, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as a full-scale war, from February 24, 2022, the educational process was organized in a distance format, which remains relevant to this day. At the same time, the correct selection of methods for teaching practical disciplines, such as physical education, which requires the student to use special tools and skills, is especially important. The aim of this study was to analyse qualitative approaches, on the basis of which it is possible to carry out professional training of students, including physical education, in current educational conditions. For this, the method of analysis and synthesis, comparison, deduction was used in the work. As a result, it was possible to reveal the main advantages and disadvantages of distance learning, namely the organization of physical education during it. In addition, priority tools were described, which were most often used by teachers during training sessions. It was also possible to analyse both positive and negative factors, which most affect the quality and dynamics of the educational process. It was important to form quality recommendations, related to increasing the effectiveness of teaching physical education in distance learning conditions. The practical value of the work is revealed in the fact that it can be used by educational workers during preparation for educational classes, as well as by students for independent work.

Hearing Behavioral Messages: Avoiding Misinterpretation to Make Effective, Inclusive Decisions

AbstractBehavior is a form of communication. For many young children, they may engage in certain behaviors to consciously or subconsciously communicate a need to access something, such as a desired adult or peer, sensory stimulation, or a tangible item. Other times, children may engage in a behavior to escape or avoid something, such as a particular environment. Sometimes the behaviors in which young children engage can be interpreted as challenging, based on the perceptions of those who work with the child, including the child’s early childhood teacher. These interpretations of challenging behavior derive from one’s own cultural backgrounds, beliefs, and biases. Such interpretations can lead to discriminatory discipline practices, particularly against children from marginalized and minoritized backgrounds. Instead, teachers can consider the behavioral messages expressed by the children they work with from an unbiased perspective, identify if the behavior in which the child is engaging is truly challenging, and implement appropriate intervention if necessary. The purpose of this paper is to present a plan for hearing behavioral messages of marginalized and minoritized children in a way that systematically addresses their needs while also considering the potential mismatch between teacher and child identities.

Emotions in the Frontline. Notes on Interpretive Research in Conflict Areas

Abstract In line with the call for greater engagement with the affective and emotional dimensions of conducting research in conflict and post-conflict settings, this article addresses the methodological implications of incorporating emotionally sensed knowledge into the research process. It argues that emotions serve as fundamental heuristic keys for entering the field and acquiring situated knowledge. By reflecting upon practical challenges and ethical concerns encountered during field research in Iraq, the article aims to challenge disciplinary practices that promote emotional self-censorship and provide guidance to young researchers navigating the messy contingencies of fieldwork. The neglect of emotions in positivist approaches is examined in relation to the political economy of knowledge production, suggesting that prevailing emotional silence may lead to harmful research practices and threatens epistemological pluralism.

Past School Discipline Experiences: Perspectives of Disabled Adults.

School discipline has potential life-long consequences for students. Disabled youth can be misunderstood and experience harsh discipline and are at increased risk for negative outcomes, yet little research includes their voices. The aim of this study was to explore past school discipline experiences among disabled adults. Disabled adult perspectives (N = 9) regarding past school discipline experiences were explored employing qualitative descriptive methodology framed by the Peace and Power Conceptual Model. Peace-Power versus Power-Over-Powers involve actions/behaviors reflecting critical emancipation or oppression of those in power. Eight peace-power versus power-over themes emerged: "humiliating," "threatening," "escaping," "observing," "avoiding," "diverging," "isolating," and "failing." Disabled students can experience oppressive power-over dynamics separating them from others because they are unable to meet rigid classroom expectations. Educators may lack awareness of structural biases shaping reactions warranting need for school policies and practices promoting restorative justice, social-emotional learning, and inclusion. Classroom discipline can represent emancipatory peace-power or oppressive power-over powers. Not all teacher interactions represent 1 power or the other. Future research should focus on including disabled student voices informing school discipline practices. Educators' perspectives of their role fostering inclusive classrooms should also be considered.

Life scientists’ experience with posting preprints during the COVID-19 pandemic

AbstractIn the COVID-19 pandemic, it was much more critical for many life science researchers to rapidly disseminate research results—so they used preprints as upstream publication opportunities. This was rather new to the life sciences where preprint servers had only appeared as early as 2013. With a mixed-methods-study we examined this development and investigated whether preprint posting is a temporary phenomenon or the beginning of a cultural shift in publishing behavior in the life sciences. First, we conducted a survey of researchers who have posted COVID-19 related preprints. We investigated experiences with posting preprints during the COVID-19 pandemic, motivations for and concerns about posting preprints, the role of research institutions or funders, and the future of preprint publishing. Answers were grouped to compare differences between respondents’ gender, career stage, region of origin (global south or global north) and experience with posting preprints before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We further analyzed eight popular preprint repositories regarding the number of posted preprints and preprint characteristics, such as the number of authors and citations. Interestingly, survey and preprint server analysis have presented different, if not contradicting results: While the majority of surveyed researchers was willing to continue posting preprints, the numbers of preprints published, especially on servers for the life sciences, have stagnated or declined. Also, while certain preprints garnered substantial citations during the COVID-19 pandemic, this has not resulted in a significant shift in researchers’ publishing behavior, and the posting of preprints has not become a routine. We concluded that the sustainability of preprint publishing practices is more strongly influenced by disciplinary norms and practices than by external shocks as the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: Art History after Computer Vision

The essays gathered in this special section of The Art Bulletin, “Art History after Computer Vision,” explore the application of artificial intelligence (AI) to art historical research. Written from a range of disciplinary perspectives, they collectively advocate for informed, deliberate engagement with AI by art historians. The intent of this special section is not to provide an exhaustive account of the myriad ways in which AI is already affecting disciplinary practices—whether in conservation labs, libraries, heritage sites, museums, or classrooms (real and virtual)—but rather to initiate a discipline-wide discussion of the implications of AI for art history.

Teaching Experimental Instrumental Analytical Chemistry Are we forming professionals, training operators or illuding students (and ourselves)?

Teaching Experimental Instrumental Analytical Chemistry Are we forming professionals, training operators or illuding students (and ourselves)?

Silent suasions: interpersonal mediation in Thai meditation

AbstractDiscourse is the typical modus operandi for persuasive practices, but silence also has an important role to play in many religious contexts. In this essay, I examine how silence works as a mechanism of persuasion in Thailand, where Buddhist logics of meditation permeate social life. Through a close analysis of a meditative retreat at Wat Pradhatu Sri Chom Thong Voravihan in Northern Thailand, I suggest three ways that silence comes to create its persuasive effects: it works in contrastive relation to speech; it is symbolic of moral personhood; and it points to interpersonal corporeal attunement. Attention to the corporeal aspect of silence is especially significant, I argue, because it is through the body that the practice in Thailand acts to alter intersubjective space. Such an approach to silence as disciplinary practice, rather than attention just to its supposed effects, allows us to see how religious forms of silent persuasion can be seen as a particularly powerful force for personal and political change.

“In the Greater Context of the Field”: What Undergraduate Reflections on the Research Process Tell us about Information Literacy

abstract: This study examines undergraduates’ research practices, as described in reflective essays submitted in applications to a library research award. Thematic analysis of 24 student award essays identified three strong themes in student reflections about their research experiences. Students experienced research as a social process, made meaning closely tied to disciplinary ways of knowing and practicing, and underwent a transformative process from beginner to apprentice researchers. Through a discussion of these themes, the authors highlight implications for information literacy instruction and suggest this instruction be closely connected to disciplinary practices.

포토보이스를 활용한 신규가정과교사의 경험 탐색

The purposes of this study are to obtain an in-depth understanding of the experiences of novice Home Economics teachers during their first year and to extract meaning from the experiences. The Photovoice was used as a research methodology. Participants in the study included three novice Home Economics teachers who passed the 2022 secondary school teacher recruitment examination and began working at middle schools in the Seoul metropolitan area from March 2022. Data were collected from February 2022 to January 2023, involving one written interview, nine monthly Photovoice projects, and two Focus Group Interviews. Thematic analysis was utilized for data analysis. The narratives of novice Home Economics teachers were divided into the narratives as ‘Home Economics teacher’ and as ‘Novice teacher’. As being Home Economics teachers, participants constructed their narratives around three themes: ‘Home Economics is a practical discipline’, ‘Home economics teachers are agents of change’, and ‘Home Economics is undervalued in the school.’ Furthermore, the sub themes of the ‘novice teachers’ narrative included ‘Now it's the real beginning’, ‘Teaching is a wonderful profession’, and ‘I will become a good teacher.’ The significance of this study lies in the in-depth exploration of the lived experiences of novice Home Economics teachers during their first year and broadening the use of Photovoice as a research and teaching strategy.

Moral Injury in K-12 Education: A Phenomenological Inquiry at the Intersection of Race and Class

This study is a phenomenological exploration of moral injury among K-12 professionals who work in schools in which the large majority of students are students of color and are eligible for free or reduced lunch. All participants worked in one urban school district in the Midwest of the United States. Professionals identified harsh discipline practices, insincere restorative justice programs, deceptive use of outcome data, and a pitying approach to the education of low-income students of color as morally injurious practices. The paper ends with recommendations for how the construct of moral injury can be useful in identifying and confronting sources of educational injustice.

Transformation of the Theory of Value as a Necessity for the Formation of the Newest Paradigm of Economic Theory

Since the transition of relations between market participants from exchange to trade, the need to determine the value of goods has arisen. The study presents a critical assessment of the current developed theories of value. The methodological basis of the study is the scientific works of the classics of economic theory, on the basis of which conclusions are drawn regarding the chronological change of value and labour. For the purposes of the study, the following methods were used: analysis and synthesis, logical abstraction, theoretical knowledge, systematization, abstract-logical and others. It was noted that the central factor in the formation of value is a person, and the main thing is his creative idea. It is explained that modern consumption is concentrated around the need for money. In this way, the classical understanding of need as a condition of human activity in the need for money is being replaced. Such a change is enhanced by information and digital approaches and involves the introduction of full control over the use of money at the level of an individual member of society. In the pedagogical practice of teaching economic fundamental disciplines, it is necessary to make a reorientation to a broad understanding of money as an equivalent of exchange and to present a detailed and elaborate concept of Gesellian money. In the future, this will make it possible to strengthen control over the system of state regulation through public institutions.

Аксиологические основы современного этновокального образования

The problems of modern ethno-vocal education considered in the article are related to its axiological founda-tions, as well as to the value potential of folk vocal pedagogy and the use of its principles and methods in mod-ern pedagogical practice. Based on the author’s own scientific research of modern authentic performance, the developed innovative method, techniques of formation of a modern carrier of ethno-vocal culture, capable of transmitting culture through singing activity in the cultural, pedagogical and living environment is revealed. The aim of this work is to substantiate the author’s proposed axiological model of modern ethno-vocal education, which contributes both to the formation and development of the ethno-vocal culture of the individual and to the preservation and development of society’s ethno-vocal culture. The article outlines the ways of activating im-plicit knowledge for the accumulation of singing experience through a specially developed by the author set of exercises and vocal work on mastering specific folk-singing techniques in practical educational disciplines: Choral Class, Ensemble and Solo Singing, Folklore Ensemble. The author concludes that currently the pro-spects of ethnocultural education are associated with the need for its axiologization and the formation of a modern teacher-performer of folk songs.

Disrupting disparities in school discipline

Schools across the country are grappling with vocal resistance to educational equity efforts, while disparities, including racial disproportionality in school discipline, persist. In this research-practice-partnership project, Adai A. Tefera, Genevieve Siegel-Hawley, Ashlee Sjogren, and David Naff learned of the ways educators and leaders across three distinct schools adopted and engaged in widespread discipline interventions and practices that often failed to consider race, culture, and context — issues central to racial disproportionality in discipline. To counter these race-evasive interventions and practices, they offer recommendations for leaders, educators, and students to engage in race-conscious discipline to advance more just school policies and practices.

Evaluation of Psychometric Properties, Construct Validity and Measurement Invariance Across Child's Disability and Gender for the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire APQ-GR (6–18) (Parent Form)

The study's main objective was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Greek version of the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire APQ-GR (6–18) (Parent form). A total number of n = 1118 families were enrolled in the sample. More specifically, n = 1667 parents participated in the study [mothers: ( n = 1051) and fathers: ( n = 616)]. Exploratory Factor Analysis in a sub-sample of parents ( n = 555, comprising of the entire sample) supported a 6-factor model including dimensions of parenting such as Ιnvolvement (I), Positive Parenting (PP), Poor Monitoring/Supervision (PM/S), Inconsistent Discipline (ID), Corporal Punishment (CP) and Other Discipline Practices (ODP) and explained 54.437% of total variance. CFA confirmed the proposed 6-factor model and generated satisfactory goodness of fit indices ( χ2/ df=1.73 < 2 and p = .456, TLI = .983 ≥ 0.95, RMSEA = .056 < .080, CFI = .92 ≥ .90 and SRMR = .035 < .080). No ceiling or floor effects were observed. All nested models were evaluated across the parents' gender and demonstrated a good fit for mothers and fathers. In conclusion, the Greek Alabama Parenting Questionnaire APQ-GR (6–18) (parent form) demonstrated sufficient validity and reliability evidence for assessing parenting practices.

Students' reading in higher education: Challenges and ways forward

AbstractThis article deals with reading as a significant challenge for higher education students. The study aimed to understand students' experiences of challenges in reading during their first three semesters at university and how they handled these challenges. It is a qualitative case study built on in‐depth interviews with nine people studying to be primary teachers and their diaries about reading experiences in the academy. The findings show that students experience considerable anxiety and stress regarding finding enough time for reading tasks and comprehending what they read. They soon discover that extensive reading is a prerequisite for writing, questioning, and active participation in lectures and seminars. Despite experiences of lack of support from their teachers, most students identify new approaches and strategies to develop their reading, moving from passive to active engagement with texts. The findings implicate that continuous support from disciplinary experts is crucial for students' reading and writing development. Such support includes inviting students to participate in disciplinary practices, its tools, concepts, ways of thinking, genres used, approaches to reading, and what it means to reason, analyze, and argue in a discipline.

An Integrated Methodological Approach for Documenting Individual and Collective Mathematical Progress: Reinventing the Euler Method Algorithmic Tool

In this paper we advance a methodological approach for documenting the mathematical progress of learners as an integrated analysis of individual and collective activity. Our approach is grounded in and expands the emergent perspective by integrating four analytic constructs: individual meanings, individual participation, collective mathematical practices, and collective disciplinary practices. Using video data of one small group of four students in an inquiry-oriented differential equations classroom, we analyze a 10 min segment in which one small group reinvent Euler’s method, an algorithmic tool for approximating solutions to differential equations. A central intellectual contribution of this work is elaborating and coordinating the four methodological constructs with greater integration, cohesiveness, and coherence.

SOCIOLOGICAL IMPERIALISM AND MEDICAL EXTROVERSION: PROVISIONAL INFLEXION ON COVID-19 RESPONSE AND THE PRAXIS OF MEDICAL IMPERIALISM IN POSTCOLONIAL SOCIETIES

This paper engages medical practice as a human rational response to ill-health that is not generic to all human society albeit in different practices and forms. It examines how the COVID-19 pandemic and response reveal global dynamics in medical research and knowledge production – itself a product of imperial logic. This paper invites a critical re-reading of the COVID-19 pandemic and response to a context of Western-centric or hegemonic (re)production of coloniality in general and extroversion of disciplinary practices in particular by laying out some preliminary basis for interrogation. In particular, this paper attempts to highlight how the association of superiority to (Western) academy is redacted in (medical) practice and manifests as the tension between cultural/local and ‘scientific’/global knowledge systems. Through decolonial reflection on literature related to the COVID-19 pandemic, epistemological concerns and imperialism, it argues that Western medical praxis embodies and articulates ingrained cultural assumptions and biases against non-Western medicinal skills and practices.