Community Disaster Research Articles

From recovery to preparedness: an examination of resources, individual disaster communication, and anticipatory resilience capacity during the 2023 U.S. tornado season

ABSTRACT Multi-phase research is needed to understand how disaster-impacted residents maintain and adapt individual disaster communication (IDC; Spialek & Houston, 2018; Spialek et al., 2021). Residents engage in IDC when they search for, create, or share interpersonal or social media messages intended to help themselves and other individuals cope across disaster phases. This study examined how recovery-focused IDC and anticipatory resilience capacity explain the relationship between resources and preparedness focused IDC. We surveyed 417 residents who lived in 13 counties impacted by a spring 2023 tornado outbreak. Results revealed that individuals who have (a) more physical and social resources and (b) engage in more recovery-focused IDC following a disaster report higher levels of anticipatory resilience capacity in those recovery-focused messages, which in turn, leads individuals to participate in more preparedness-focused communication about potential future disasters. The findings support the development of interventions and campaigns to increase preparedness behaviors.

Nursing Home Administrators' Experiences of Work Stress and Intention to Quit during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted nursing home administrators (NHAs). This study explores licensed and employed NHA's perceptions about what work stress events would drive their turnover intentions (TI) in year three of the pandemic. As part of a larger survey-based research project collecting numerical and textual data, this study conducted content analysis with qualitative data. Narrative data from 3,859 discrete responses of 1,139 NHAs, from 50 states and Washington D.C, on two open-ended electronic survey questions asking about their work stress and TI were collected February - March 2022. Categories and subcategories were counted and discussed in context as themes. We identified 4 main narrative categories with subcategories about NHA's stress about the regulatory system (e.g., excessive, conflicting, changing regulations), staffing (e.g., insufficient, agency staff), organizational pressures (e.g., work overload), and macro system stressors (e.g. media representation of nursing homes). Three main TI categories with subcategories were identified: the LTC setting and system (e.g., regulatory demands, staffing, facility surveys); personal factors (e.g. stress, career opportunities), and others (e.g., "I would never quit," or "I already decided to quit"). Whole community disaster planning, person-centered surveyor training, improved regulatory guidance, simplified reporting, adequate guidance assistance, and adequate staff could mitigate NHA stress and TI during crises. Administrator resilience should be recognized. Solutions for supporting NHAs can include long-term care industry participation in public health disaster preparedness coalitions, consistent regulatory guidelines with established communication channels, and ongoing crisis leadership training for administrators.

Critical analysis of the emerging flood disaster resilience assessment indicators

Purpose The world is reeling from the effects of climate change with increased extreme precipitation. Flooding is amongst the most recurring and devastating natural hazards, impacting human lives and causing severe economic damage. This paper aims to conduct a systematic review to critically analyse the most reported and emerging flood disaster resilience indicators. Design/methodology/approach A total of 35 papers were selected through a systematic process using both Web of Science and Scopus databases. The selected literature was subjected to a thorough thematic content analysis. Findings From the review, 77 emerging flood disaster resilience assessment indicators were identified. Furthermore, based on the individual meanings and relationships of the derived indicators, they were further categorized into six groups, namely, physical, institutional, social, psychological, ecology and economic. More also, it was identified that most of the selected publications have used objective resilience measurement approaches as opposed to subjective resilience measurement approaches. Originality/value The generated list of flood disaster resilience indicators will provide insights into the capacities which can be improved to enhance the overall resilience to flood disasters in communities.

Research trends of collaborative governance in climate change: a bibliometric analysis

Purpose Climate change, a complex global issue, has prompted a wide range of actors – from nations to tiny communities – to seek solutions to mitigate its consequences. The growing emphasis on collaborative governance has resulted in substantial research on the topic. This paper aims to address the existing research void by using a bibliometric approach to investigate the evolution of studies on collaborative governance in the context of climate change. Design/methodology/approach This study conducted a bibliometric mapping of research on collaborative governance on climate change issues from the first study presented in 2007 to the research conducted in 2023, using 222 articles derived from the Scopus database and Web of Science. Steps for comprehensive bibliometric literature mapping via the VOSviewer software. Findings The study includes a complete overview of significant themes, including the most cited research, contributions from authors, countries, and institutions, as well as network analysis including co-citation, bibliographic coupling, and co-occurrence. Notably, the study looks at which countries have made the most substantial contributions, with the United States dominating with 40 studies over the last decade. The analysis reveals that collaborative governance in climate change, emphasizing its importance as a tool for governments and communities to mitigate climate risks. This is consistent with research emphasizing the need for coordination across multiple players to accomplish effective climate adaptation. The paper focuses on nine diverse research clusters, including community engagement, urban governance, disaster response and economic implications. Research limitations/implications This study is restricted to bibliometric analysis, which is conducted using sources from the Scopus and Web of Science databases. Future research is required to investigate the use of additional databases that offer a wider range of sources. In the interim, this investigation provides an overview of the concept of Collaborative Governance, which has the potential to serve as a strategy for the adaptation and resilience to climate change in global regions, cities and urban areas. Originality/value This study conducts a rigorous bibliometric review that improves our theoretical knowledge and practical use of collaborative governance in addressing climate change. It reveals innovative trends, research gaps and important recommendations for future studies, strengthening the strategic approach to collaborative climate action.

Proposal of Space Management Plan through Analysis of Temporary Housing Facility Status to Strengthen Community Disaster Capacity- Focusing on Dong-gu, Gwangju Metropolitan City -

Proposal of Space Management Plan through Analysis of Temporary Housing Facility Status to Strengthen Community Disaster Capacity- Focusing on Dong-gu, Gwangju Metropolitan City -

Conceptualizing community disaster resilience framework for Myanmar

ABSTRACT Enhancing disaster resilience has become crucial for minimizing vulnerabilities and mitigating the impact of disasters on people. This study aims to provide a holistic understanding of community disaster resilience that highlights the significance of local communities’ ability toward disaster risk reduction in Myanmar. Our concept focuses on three main components: emergency preparedness, adaptive capacity, and community management, which can contribute to the real resilience of local people living within Myanmar’s flood-prone area. We developed the framework through a step-by-step process built upon existing scholarly debates, and participatory consultations with community stakeholders, especially an approach to capacity-based resilience characteristics. Our framework can be applied to assess community resilience to climate change-related disasters and will allow organizations such as Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) to evaluate the challenges and opportunities of the community more effectively for disaster risk reduction in Myanmar.

Community-Based Disaster Insurance for Sustainable Economic Loss Risk Mitigation: A Systematic Literature Review

This systematic literature review (SLR) explores the role of community-based catastrophe insurance (CBCI) as a tool for sustainable economic loss risk mitigation. Utilizing bibliometric analysis and a literature review, this study aims to reveal the methods employed in CBCI schemes from a novel perspective, highlighting their effectiveness in mitigating catastrophe risks. The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) methodology was employed to systematically collect and analyze articles sourced from the Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Dimensions databases. The findings provide a comprehensive summary of the CBCI implementation, including various considerations such as risk-sharing mechanisms, premium determination, and policy frameworks. This research offers a fresh perspective on CBCI as a sustainable approach to catastrophe risk mitigation, contributing valuable insights to policymakers, practitioners, and researchers interested in community resilience and disaster risk management.

Disaster Communication in Forest and Land Fire Management in South Kalimantan

The recurrence of forest and land fires in the South Kalimantan region can be attributed to the insufficient implementation of disaster risk communication. Hence, it is imperative for this study to address the topic of disaster risk communication as a means of mitigating forest and land fires in the region of South Kalimantan. This study addresses the scientific subject of why the southern Kalimantan provincial government is still struggling to coordinate the resolve of forest and land fires, despite the implementation of forest and land fire disaster control measures. The research methodology employed in this study utilizes a qualitative approach, namely of a descriptive nature. The data collection approaches employed in this study include interviews, documentation analysis, and literature review. This study aims to elucidate the dearth of educational information pertaining to the prevention and mitigation of forest and land fires within communities. The presence of suitable information and education boards is lacking. Despite the government's extensive endeavors in forest and land fire disaster management in the South Kalimantan region, the absence of an early preventive system pertaining to such calamities remains evident. The proper implementation of educational initiatives pertaining to disaster prevention and early detection has not been effectively carried out. The current state of optimizing information pertaining to public education within the realm of catastrophes remains constrained by the limited involvement of the government in actively engaging with other relevant parties, particularly the media.

Enhancing UAV Communications in Disasters: Integrating ESFM and MAPPO for Superior Performance

Enhancing UAV Communications in Disasters: Integrating ESFM and MAPPO for Superior Performance

Urban community security system model from the perspective of resilience: a study on Chinese cities

To enhance urban governance and bolster community disaster resilience, it is urgent to innovate and develop an urban community security system to cope with the complex and volatile social security situation. From the perspective of resilience, the concept, layout, and structure of the security system are organized. Considering the current situation and development trend of the social security system, and based on the constructed cost-capability model, the cost and benefit of the two modes are analyzed and compared. Subsequently, from the perspective of multi-agent participation, a game model between governments and enterprises is constructed. The evolutionary stability strategies of enterprises are analyzed, and simulation analysis is conducted on the factors influencing enterprises. Finally, to propose targeted improvement measures based on the community security capabilities of different communities, a grey fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is employed. The community security comprehensive capabilities of the top 10 cities in China are quantitatively analyzed and evaluated. The results indicate that the urban community security system from a resilience perspective is more comprehensive compared to the traditional security system. Adopting mode 2 is relatively effective to improving government emergency management capability. In a certain range, reducing C, increasing F, reducing R2, and increasing h can achieve the effect of promoting enterprise to participate in construction. The urban community security capability is within the upper-medium level in general, close to the level of good. The urban community security system constructed in this paper can provide a theoretical basis for the government to formulate policies of the urban community security system and serve as a reference for strengthening the comprehensive capability of the urban community security.

Supporting recovery, healing and wellbeing with Aboriginal communities of the southeast coast of Australia: a practice-based study of an Aboriginal community-controlled health organisation’s response to cumulative disasters

BackgroundThe recent crises of bushfires, floods, and the COVID-19 pandemic on the southeast coast of Australia were unprecedented in their extent and intensity. Few studies have investigated responses to cumulative disasters in First Nations communities, despite acknowledgement that these crises disproportionately impact First Nations people. This study was conducted by Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal researchers in partnership with Waminda, South Coast Women’s Health and Wellbeing Aboriginal Corporation, an Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation (ACCHO). It investigated the collective experiences of people affected by cumulative disasters to identify the practices that support healing, and recovery for Aboriginal communities. The study addresses a knowledge gap of how Waminda, designs, manages and delivers responses to address complex health and social issues in the context of cumulative disasters.MethodsUnderpinned by practice theory this study employed Indigenous-informed, narrative inquiry. Culturally-appropriate, multiple interpretive methods were used to collect data including: observations; yarns with Aboriginal community members, yarns with Waminda practitioners, management and board members; interviews-to-the-double, visual images and documentation. The data were collated and analysed using the phases of reflexive thematic analysis.ResultsThe paper articulates a suite of culturally safe and place-based practices that enhance social, emotional and spiritual well-being following cumulative disasters. These practice bundles include: adopting a Country-centred conception of local communities; being community-led; viewing care as a collective, relational, sociomaterial accomplishment and having fluid boundaries. These practice bundles ‘hang together’ through organising practices including the Waminda Model of Care, staff wellbeing framework and emergency management plan which orient action and manage risks. The paper demonstrates the need for disaster responses to be community-led and culturally situated. ACCHOs are shown to play a crucial role, and their local responses to immediate community needs are grounded in contextual knowledge and use existing resources rather than relying on mainstream system-wide interventions.ConclusionsThe paper suggests crafting responses that focus on assisting communities (re)gain their sense of belonging, hope for the future, control over their lives and their capacities to care for and to be cared for by Country, are key to both enhancing healing, health and well-being and harnessing the strengths of communities.

Applying Daoist Thoughts of Interconnectedness to Disaster Communities: Through the Lenses of Diaspora and Pluralism

The human community confronts a plethora of disasters, including man-made epidemics like COVID-19, environmental problems such as water and food resource depletion, biochemical warfare, and even threats from human-created artificial intelligence. Consequently, it is appropriate to term our current community a “disaster community”. This paper delves into the issue of diaspora, intrinsically linked to the fragmentation problem in the disaster community, where each subgroup tends to focus solely on its own community. This issue is scrutinized by categorizing the diaspora into larger and smaller categories, with cases from both the international and domestic levels examined respectively within each category. Among the many Daoist philosophical concepts, this paper focuses on the Daoist principle of interconnectedness. In examining Daoist thought on interconnectedness, it also confirms that the notion of interconnectedness is being increasingly emphasized in modern society and across various academic disciplines. This perspective affirms the pluralistic nature of existence, while also underscoring the fundamental interconnectedness that underpins the myriad forms and phenomena. It provides a framework for addressing the challenges faced by the disaster community, particularly in relation to issues of diaspora, by emphasizing the need for coexistence and collective responsibility within a web of mutual relations. The philosophy innovatively applied from Daoism emphasizes “recognizing diversity based on Dao, while acknowledging that each existence is interconnected”. Here, “recognition of diversity based on Dao” underpins pluralism, and “interconnectedness of all existence” forms the fundamental solution to the diaspora problem. This approach could be extended as a strategic response to various disasters that the human community encounters. Therefore, this paper assesses the current state of the disaster community, the severity of the diaspora issue, and some cases both between and within nations. It also discusses the core of Daoist philosophy and its creative application to overcome these challenges. The disaster community should transition towards a sustainable and open community, and on this journey, by acknowledging our interconnectedness, we can find solutions to not only the disasters we confront but also to the diaspora problem.

Communication Strategy of BPBD of East Java Province in Reducing Disaster Risk: Case Study of Disaster Prevention Socialization

This study focuses on the effectiveness of the communication strategy of the East Java Provincial Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) in disaster socialization. Using a qualitative approach and case study method, this study evaluates the selection of communicators, target setting, messages, and communication media used. The results of the study indicate that selecting the right communicator, including collaboration with the Regency/City BPBD and experts, significantly increases public understanding of disaster risk. In addition, adjusting messages according to local characteristics and disaster vulnerability levels is effective in clarifying information to the public. Social media and innovations such as the Disaster Management Education Car (MOSIPENA) and the Disaster Education Tent (TEMPINA) have been proven to expand reach and increase community involvement. The novelty of this study includes an in-depth analysis of the strategy for selecting communicators and cross-sectoral collaboration in disaster communication, as well as the adjustment of innovative and specific messages according to the characteristics of disaster-prone areas. This study also highlights the use of technology and social media to improve the effectiveness of socialization, as well as the implementation of innovative methods in delivering disaster information. These findings offer a practical model for more effective disaster socialization and open up opportunities for further research in the development of disaster communication methods.

Planning for Disaster Recovery: Planner Perspectives and Experiences

Problem, research strategy, and findings Scholars and practitioners have long called for more planning leadership in community disaster recovery. Yet, how planners perceive themselves in disaster recovery, understand recovery processes, and participate in recovery activities remains relatively unknown. A survey of APA members found that improvements are needed for the planning field to meet increasing societal disaster needs. Few respondents have participated in pre- or postdisaster recovery planning or see themselves as leaders in recovery. Pre- and postdisaster recovery plans lack broad integration of planning tools that could improve resilience and speed disaster recovery. Takeaway for practice Clarifying planners’ potential roles in disaster recovery and how to use planning tools for recovery could help planners undertake enhanced proactive efforts and effective disaster recovery leadership positions that in turn foster resilience in their communities. The next generation of planners’ education and training should include increased emphasis on disaster recovery and encouragement of specialization in hazard planning. This study highlights needed topics for this education and training, especially with respect to housing, funding, and implementation of planning tools in recovery. Our baseline data on planner recovery knowledge and experience will allow the field to assess its expertise and capacity to meet the challenges facing communities under a continually changing climate.

Local understanding of community disaster resilience in rural Cambodia: exercises of localism and lessons learned from villagers’ workshops

ABSTRACT Community disaster resilience has become a key concept in the field of climate change and development, but it often remains a third party’s terms (e.g. donors’ or researchers’) rather than being understood from local perspectives. In an attempt to understand it in local terms, and to exercise localism in seeking the next steps of a climate change adaptation project, this study used focal group interviews organized in a manner of local workshops in Battambang, Cambodia. Villagers were encouraged to speak about what they had (strengths and assets) and saw opportunities (although many were expected to come externally). Addressing threats, they pointed out some broader issues, such as market failure and structural power issues, such as crop pricing, which were never prioritized in the initial project, partly because of limited local participation in agenda setting. The strength of this research is its action-oriented data collection technique, which produced and shared findings that are meaningful to the community for possible interventions. The findings point to a holistic approach of (climate-driven disaster-) resilient development, which requires addressing governance and market issues. By engaging community members, we also hope these exercises have contributed to increasing their sense of ownership or to ‘agency facilitation’.

CI-STR: A capabilities-based interface to model socio-technical systems in disaster resilience assessment

This paper presents a Capabilities-based Interface for Socio-Technical Resilience (CI-STR) framework to model community disaster resilience, a process shaped by the complex interplay between social and technical factors. Central to this framework is the concept of human capabilities, defined as the opportunities for individuals to achieve valuable functionings. These capabilities serve as the interface that integrates individuals' social characteristics with community resources provided by infrastructure systems and businesses, both of which can undergo dramatic and rapid changes after a disaster, influencing the fulfillment of capabilities. The CI-STR framework highlights the feedback relationships among individual capabilities, where one capability can affect others through its impact on social and/or technical contexts throughout the post-disaster recovery process. In the social context, changes in capabilities directly reflect on individual's physical, financial, and social conditions, while technical feedback effects can alter the demand, supply, and operation of technical systems. The framework conceptualizes the recovery process as a series of activities driven by human capabilities and introduces three key features to model this dynamic process: capabilities-induced coping strategies, time-dependent and hierarchical capabilities, and capabilities in groups. These features capture the motivations and abilities for recovery activities, prioritize actions based on urgent needs, and assess group-level capabilities, providing unique insights into the temporal evolution of individuals' capabilities during recovery. The CI-STR framework enables comprehensive modeling of the human components and their interactions with technical and social elements, facilitating the assessment of community resilience and the development of recovery strategies across a wide range of community dimensions.

KOMUNIKASI MITIGASI BENCANA

This study aims to analyze the government's disaster mitigation communication in this case the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) of west Java Province in the face of earthquakes caused by the Lembang fault. This research was conducted using qualitative research method. The research approach is a case study, using Haddow's theory of disaster communication strategy. As the subject of his research is the Regional Disaster Management Agency of West Java Province (BPBD Jabar). This research data was obtained through in-depth interviews and Library studies. The results showed that disaster mitigation communication conducted by the Regional Disaster Management Agency of West Java Province (BPBD Jabar) has not been carried out to the maximum because it is not a top priority so it does not have a clear pattern in disaster mitigation communication, although it has held mitigation programs such as: 1. Socialization of disaster risk areas 2. Disaster response training 3. Installation of Road Maps and Evacuation Signs assisted by the community / disaster volunteers. 4. Create educational media for school children (video animation). 5. establish a disaster preparedness village. These programs have not been conducted intensively plus BPBD Jabar itself does not have a disaster mitigation communication team that focuses on providing understanding to the community regarding the risk of earthquake disasters due to the fault of lembang.

Improving Disaster Response in Indonesia Through Culturally Integrated Communication Strategy

This study aims to analyze the communication strategies employed by the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) in disaster risk reduction efforts in Sidoarjo. Effective communication is crucial in ensuring community preparedness and resilience against disasters. This research adopts a qualitative method with a case study approach, using in-depth interviews, documentation, and literature review as data collection techniques. The primary data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify critical patterns and insights. The results reveal that BPBD employs various communication strategies, including social media, public campaigns, and collaboration with local leaders. These efforts are designed to increase public awareness, disseminate early warning information, and foster community participation in disaster preparedness programs. Challenges identified include limited access to remote areas, inadequate resources, and low public engagement due to cultural and socio-economic factors. The discussion emphasizes the importance of integrating local wisdom and community-based approaches to enhance the effectiveness of disaster communication. The study concludes that combining modern technology and traditional communication methods is essential for comprehensive disaster risk reduction. Strengthening stakeholder collaboration and investing in capacity-building initiatives are also recommended for future improvements.

The Role of Local Governments in The Context of Disaster Communication and Social Media: The Example of 06 February 2023 Kahramanmaraş Earthquake

The February 06, 2023, Kahramanmaraş earthquake brought great destruction and loss of life to the region. In times of crisis, effective disaster communication is crucial to ensure public safety and facilitate response efforts. Local governments play a critical role in managing and disseminating information during disasters using various communication channels, including social media. This research aims to analyze the role of local governments in disaster communication during the Kahramanmaraş earthquake. In particular, it examined how local governments use social media for disaster communication, the strategies they use to manage information dissemination, and the effectiveness of their communication efforts. By exploring these key issues, this study aims to provide insights into the vital role of local governments in disaster communication and contribute to improving future disaster response efforts. In this context, using the case study method, the posts of Kahramanmaraş Metropolitan Municipality on X accounts were analyzed between February 06, 2023, and March 09, 2023.

Strengthening Community Disaster Education for Disaster Mitigation

Indonesia, particularly Java Island, is highly vulnerable to natural disasters, which have frequently resulted in significant loss of life, property damage, and fatalities. Given this high level of risk, it is crucial to enhance community preparedness to mitigate the impacts of such disasters. This paper highlights the critical role of disaster education in effective disaster mitigation efforts. Utilizing a library research methodology, this study involved a comprehensive review of literature, including books, journals, and secondary data related to disaster education. The findings indicate that there is currently no standardized method for delivering disaster education. Instead, various approaches are employed, including disaster training programs, awareness campaigns, seminars, simulations, and exhibitions. These alternative methods aim to improve public knowledge and preparedness, although a unified and systematic approach is still lacking.