Disaster Reconstruction Research Articles

A study of Safety Consideration Process in Tsunami Disaster Reconstruction

A study of Safety Consideration Process in Tsunami Disaster Reconstruction

NGOs in Post Disaster Reconstruction in Aceh

NGOs in Post Disaster Reconstruction in Aceh

Ten years later: economic resilience of small scale enterprise following earthquake in Bantul Yogyakarta

Abstract Small scale enterprises have been considered as the engine of economic growth in many disaster affected countries. Its economic resilience, therefore, is vital for building back better local economic development in these countries. Using gender analysis, this study assesses determinants of economic resilience of small scale enterprise after ten years earthquake in Bantul Yogyakarta Indonesia. We conducted a qualitative study of six small scale enterprises (three small scale enterprises owned by women and three small scale enterprises belonging to men over the 2007-2016 period from their position as a bankrupt enterprise to well-established enterprises. We found different factors of economic resilience between women and men owned small scale enterprises. We found families background of entrepreneur and adequate technical assistance are main factors of economic resilience of women owned small scale enterprises, while an ability to make a decision and the amount of money invested in the business are main factors of economic resilience of men owned small scale enterprises following the earthquake. The findings suggest the need of gender mainstreaming in promoting economic resilience of small scale enterprises in post disaster reconstruction contexts.

Gender mainstreaming and sustainable development goals: a systematic literature review in post disaster reconstruction area

This paper explores the linkage between gender mainstreaming and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the field of post-disaster reconstruction (PDR). A systematic review was conducted using Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). We found a significant contribution of gender mainstreaming in achieving SDGs in the context of PDR. Some facilitators and barriers of mainstreaming gender into sustainable PDR were identified. Policy makers and implementers should aware those factors by reducing barriers while at the same time strengthening facilitators.

<i>Marker</i> de proceso y <i>marker</i> de proyecto en la reconstrucción poscatástrofe

La reconstrucción posdesastre se puede resumir con la expresión de arquitectura como proceso (Strappa 2014), debido a su carácter temporal que involucra cambios y fases consecutivas que influyen directamente en la identidad de la obra misma y de su contexto. Los hechos arquitectónico y urbano definen la nueva imagen de la ciudad (Lynch 1960), sobre todo, cuando se cambia la calidad del espacio público como elemento de democracia y de gestión del poder (Delgado 2011). Dependiendo de cómo se arman los procesos de realización de estas categorías (arquitectura y diseño urbano), la distancias sociales, institucionales y físicas (Porreca y Rocchio, 2016), que invariablemente ocurren en un evento catastrófico, pueden aumentar o reducirse. El paper analiza las categorías (marker) de proceso y de proyecto propuestas por un estudio de La Sapienza de Roma y el marco conceptual de modelos PNUD regionales de Chile, Colombia y Ecuador. Esta investigación propone marker procesuales para usar durante la reconstrucción para reducir los problemas inducidos por el proceso mismo y alcanzar logros más eficaces.

Differences in Social Context of Disaster Reconstruction between Korea and China - A Comparative Study of Typhoon Rusa and Sichuan Earthquake -

재난 재건 과정의 다양한 이슈들은 재난의 종류와는 관계없이 사회의 맥락적 특성을 반영한다. 본고는 쓰촨 지진과 태풍 루사 사례의 4개 이슈영역-물적 항구복구, 사회 자생력 회복, 사고 재발 방지, 그리고 지역발전-들을 비교연구함으로써, 양국의 맥락적 차이를 분석하였다. 중국은 복구 기간 단축이라는 효율적 복구의 이슈가 강하였고, 전국적 차원의 경제발전과 재난 복구 이슈가 강하게 연계되었다. 당과 국가중심의 리더십은 전체적인 시각에서의 효율성을 달성하는 조건으로 작용할 수도 있을 것이다. 관료주의적 형식주의의 특성으로 인한 비효율성과 사회 시스템에 대한 낮은 신뢰수준도 발견되었다. 한국은 민간 투입기능이 상대적으로 강하였고, 이슈를 둘러싼 갈등수준도 높았다. 주민, NGO, 기업, 이익단체, 정치권 등이 모두 중요한 주체로 참여하는 다원화된 모습을 보였다. 민간의 참여는 이해관계를 중심으로 체계적으로 조직화된 모습을 보였으며, 지역 기득권과 연계되어 지역의 목소리가 상적으로 강하였다.

震災復興における地域商業拠点施設(ゆりあげ港朝市)に関するファイナンスの取り組み

震災復興における地域商業拠点施設(ゆりあげ港朝市)に関するファイナンスの取り組み

能登半島地震における地域特性を考慮した生活再建方法について －その2 アンケート分析と4地区のヒアリング調査による分析－

能登半島地震における地域特性を考慮した生活再建方法について －その2 アンケート分析と4地区のヒアリング調査による分析－

社会科授業における授業者の評価方略の構成 : 授業実践「震災からの復興を考える」の場合(第3部 日韓社会科授業研究の最前線, 全国社会科教育学会・韓国社会教科教育学会研究交流成果報告)

社会科授業における授業者の評価方略の構成 : 授業実践「震災からの復興を考える」の場合(第3部 日韓社会科授業研究の最前線, 全国社会科教育学会・韓国社会教科教育学会研究交流成果報告)

C4 グローバル化する災害復興支援におけるPM体系の役割について : スマトラ沖地震と東日本大震災からの教訓(安心・安全社会とインフラ,「産業構造転換と変革のためのプロジェクト・プログラム・マネジメント」-東日本大震災の教訓と日本復興のシナリオを探る-)

C4 グローバル化する災害復興支援におけるPM体系の役割について : スマトラ沖地震と東日本大震災からの教訓(安心・安全社会とインフラ,「産業構造転換と変革のためのプロジェクト・プログラム・マネジメント」-東日本大震災の教訓と日本復興のシナリオを探る-)

Client values within post-disaster reconstruction contracting services

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore and prioritize the key client values within contracting services for reconstructing the built environment in post-disaster situations.Design/methodology/approachA literature review, semi-structured interviews and questionnaire survey were included in this study. A comparative analysis was used to obtain different perspectives between public and private sectors.FindingsA total of 39 client values were identified in this study. Clients for disaster reconstruction services put more emphasis on values such as timeliness, availability of resources, competency, building a trust-based relationship, financial stability, and communication techniques than contract price. Public and private clients have a different perspective regarding the importance of the identified values, while these are not statistically significant for the most important values.Research limitations/implicationsThe construction literature is focussed on business-as-usual rather than post-disaster reconstruction. To ensure that reconstruction programmes after a disaster are successfully implemented, it is necessary to identify and prioritize the client values within contracting services. Focussing the attention of the service providers on these values is believed to have the greatest impact on the programmes’ success.Practical implicationsUnderstanding the client values identified by this study can aid contractors to better prepare for reconstruction programmes and provide improved services to clients.Originality/valueA number of important client values within contracting services that appear to have a bearing on the success of disaster reconstruction programmes were identified in this study.

オオムギ・イネにおける耐病性,多収性育種の基礎研究および災害復興支援の研究による北陸地域への貢献(北陸作物・育種学会賞(功労賞))

オオムギ・イネにおける耐病性,多収性育種の基礎研究および災害復興支援の研究による北陸地域への貢献(北陸作物・育種学会賞(功労賞))

Research on Method of Performance-Based Seismic Design for Electric Apparatuses

基于性能的抗震设计已成为国内外建筑抗震研究的热点问题。高压电气设备的抗震主要依据现行的抗震设计规范设计而成，但在地震作用下仍然会遭受巨大破坏,特别是灾后重建需要巨大投入。因此，提出了电气设备基于性能的抗震设计方法。阐述电气设备进行性能化抗震设计的必要性，给出了基于性能的电气设备抗震设计具体步骤及注意事项。根据抗震设计标准及电气设备的特点，在电气设备中提出变压器、电瓷型电气设备适于基于性能的抗震设计；同时还提出电气设备支架、减隔震装置也适用于基于性能抗震设计；最后提出将电气设备、支架及减隔震装置考虑为一个整体，进行一体化基于性能的抗震设计。 Performance-based seismic design has been the hot issue of seismic design at home and abroad. The high-voltage electrical apparatuses are mainly based on the existing seismic design codes, but they are always subjected to huge damage under the strong earthquake. And this will lead to huge investments in the post disaster reconstruction. The performance-based seismic design for electrical equipment is proposed. The necessity of the electric equipment of performance-based seismic design is elaborated. Then the detailed procedure and matters needing attention of the performance-based seismic design for electrical equipments are provided. According to the seismic design standards and the characteristics of electrical equipments, electrical equipments including transformer and electric porcelain type electric equipments are suitable for performance-based seismic design; at the same time, electrical equipment brackets and isolation devices are also suitable for performance-based seismic design, and finally it is proposed that the bracket and isolation devices of the electrical equipment can be considered as a whole for the integration of performance-based seismic design.

Crisis information to support spatial planning in post disaster recovery

In this paper we propose to explore the complex node of post disaster reconstruction, knowledge and data necessary to support spatial planning, and new information technologies. The methodology that is illustrated assumes that post-event damage assessments are useful to verify to what extent hazard and risk assessments that were available to planners to make decisions before the disaster were correct and if they were actually used as a basis for locational and zoning choices. Our contribution is aimed at the creation and design of knowledge bases accounting for the dynamic evolution of disasters. New web based technologies provide the opportunity to collect and analyse dynamic territorial crisis data using crowdsourcing and crowdmapping platforms. The proposed methodology permits to sort and classify a very large set of different types of data generated through the web. Semantic conceptualization using ontologies is performed to identify and select the information produced during the emergency that can support spatial planning in the post disaster reconstruction. The city of Tacloban in the Philippines, affected by the Super Typhoon Haiyan in November 2013 constitutes the test case for applying the methodology that has been developed.

Contesting TINA: Community Planning Alternatives for Disaster Reconstruction in Chile

Talca, Chile, has been negatively impacted by both a major 2010 earthquake and the ensuing reconstruction process. Talca’s poor have been forced out from their neighborhoods and relocated to remote areas where employment, public transportation, and basic services are limited. Based on extensive community development work in Talca, this article analyzes the dynamics that have led to these conditions and the insufficiently supported alternative community-based initiatives that could have allowed Talca to redevelop in more sustainable and equitable ways. Planners need to systemically understand the implications of programs often pushed in times of emergency as urgent and inevitable that may not favor a healthy long-term redevelopment of communities recovering from disasters, be politically savvy and courageous to denounce and resist them when necessary, and work with/for communities to define and promote more just and sustainable postdisaster futures.

Seeking a Better Recovery Process from Major Natural Disasters: A Lesson from Several Growth Models with Multiple Equilibria

Based on several existing growth models with multiple steady states, this paper examines economic conditions that enable recovery from major natural disasters. We focus on recovery from the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami. More concretely, we survey three recently released studies, which indicate that the sense of direction for expectation formation has the potential to play an important role in recovering from large natural disasters. We also find an inference that the big-push development scenarios that traditionally appear in developing economies have a low affinity with disaster reconstruction in developed countries. After a discussion of these equilibrium selections, this paper makes further reference to economic environments needed for a sustainable recovery path toward a superior long-run, steady-state equilibrium. This equilibrium allows interpreting the terminal of a series of recovery programs in our context.

A study on the scandals of corporations in disaster areas under the disaster reconstruction process

A study on the scandals of corporations in disaster areas under the disaster reconstruction process

3C08 震災復興支援事業と地域活性化((22)地域貢献・地場産業との連携-II,口頭発表)

3C08 震災復興支援事業と地域活性化((22)地域貢献・地場産業との連携-II,口頭発表)

Healthcare Services Demand in Post-disaster Settings: The 2014 Earthquake in Ludian County, Yunnan Province, China

Healthcare relief teams dispatched to rural areas often face difficulties due to limited initial and ongoing health information in the affected community. The present study investigated patterns of healthcare service demand for a rural displaced population in a post-disaster situation. Three weeks after the 2014 Ludian County earthquake, the Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction (IDMR) at Sichuan University and Hong Kong Polytechnic University organized a disaster nursing team to support the rural community in Longtoushan, at the epicenter of the earthquake. A cross-sectional, records-based study of 2484 records obtained from a temporary hospital in Longtoushan (for the period of 14 September–1 October 2014) was conducted. The daily number of records by patients’ sociodemographic characteristics and medical diagnoses were plotted on a time series graph to explore the temporal change during the study period. Findings indicate that healthcare service demand from younger age groups was higher than that of the older adult group. Three major health problems were observed: respiratory disease, skin problems, and ear, eye, and throat (EET) problems. All of these very real health problems are chronic issues that require long-term care. They are not health issues directly related to the disaster emergency itself. Yet disaster relief nursing teams were selected on the basis of their ability to cope primarily with traumatic disaster-related injuries. The existing practice of teaming up disaster relief professions might not be optimal. To better understand the healthcare needs of a displaced population, short- and long-term planning is needed. Planning will allow disaster response professionals to better organize and deploy healthcare personnel to manage the above-listed problems in a post-disaster situation.

Beyond "natural-disasters-are-not-natural": the work of state and nature after the 2010 earthquake in Chile

Since the 1970s, human ecologists, geographers, Marxian political economists and others have insisted that there is no such thing as a 'natural' disaster. This assertion opened a space not only for exploring socioeconomic conditions that render marginalized populations vulnerable to natural hazards, but also for the formation of a field, the political ecology of hazards. A few political ecologists further interrogated the idea of a natural disaster, asking how different notions of 'the natural' circulate in post-disaster politics and with what effects. This article extends the latter approach by documenting how interconnected categories of 'nature' and 'state' were mutually constituted by narratives of politicians and elites after Chile's 2010 earthquake and tsunami. Drawing on media reports, we identify three distinct pairings of state/nature: (1) nature as manageable and the state as manager; (2) nature as out of control and the state as a police state; and (3) nature as financial opportunity and the state as prudential. Influenced by socioeconomic and historical factors, these state/nature pairings contradicted and reinforced one another in the disaster's aftermath and were deployed to reinforce top-down—rather than democratic—strategies of post-disaster reconstruction. This case offers an unusual approach to disaster politics by tracing how entwined and power-laden categories of state and nature condition the governance of disaster reconstruction processes.Key words: disaster, state, nature, socionature, political ecology of hazards, media disaster, earthquake, Latin America, Chile, 27F