Disaster-prone Areas Research Articles

Feasibility and Risks of Chili Farming in Disaster-Prone Areas of Mount Merapi, Indonesia

Mount Merapi, located in Indonesia, is an active volcano that poses a significant threat to the surrounding communities. Vegetables, including chili, are grown in the disaster-prone areas surrounding Mount Merapi, despite the risks associated with the active volcano. Based on the prevailing wind patterns in the region, the disaster-prone areas surrounding Mount Merapi have been classified into four distinct zones, namely Zones I, II, III, and IV, each characterized by distinct agroecosystems, feasibility, and risk levels. Therefore, this study aimed to describe agroecosystems, costs, income, feasibility, and risks of chili farming in in the four zones surrounding Mount Merapi. The samples of this study consist of 163 farmers from the four disaster-prone zones surrounding Mount Merapi, selected through purposive sampling. The RC ratio was employed as part of the feasibility analysis, and the production and income risks were analyzed. The results showed that chili farming in Zone IV (the area farthest from the disaster center) possessed the lowest cost, revenue, and income. On the contrary, Zone III generated the highest cost and revenue, while Zone I (the area with the highest vulnerability to disasters) had the highest income. The range of R/C values ranges from 2.40 in Zone I to 1.16 in Zone IV. Considering the results, chili farming was feasible in disaster-prone areas, where the production risk was lower than the income risk. Therefore, Zone I, the area with extremely high disaster risk, had the lowest production and income risk. This study highlighted that chili farming provides benefits to the vulnerable farmers and new perspective for agricultural sustainability in the area of Mount Merapi.

Gender-based vulnerability and adaptive capacity in the disaster-prone coastal areas from an intersectionality perspective

Households in the coastal areas are more vulnerable to various environmental, social, and economic disruptions in terms of an intersectionality point of view. As a first step in mitigating potential effects on families, knowing how susceptible they are and, ideally, fortifying themselves against existing and potential disruptions is essential. Vulnerability and adaptive capacity could not be uniformly distributed between households owing to gender-based socio-economic disparities and inequities. This research, thereby, examined the vulnerability and adaptive capacity variation between households headed by males and females in the two coastal areas of an emerging economy like Bangladesh. This study utilized the Evaluation-based on the Distance from Average Solution(EDAS)method and Boosted Regression Trees (BRT) technique to conduct the analysis. The EDAS method has been used to analyze the adaptive capacity index. Using BRT, an innovative approach in the area, we showed that male and female-headed households are different in terms of their capability to adapt. The findings from this study suggest that the households led by females are more vulnerable than those headed by males in the study region across a variety of dimensions (social, health, economic, housing, and land ownership) from an intersectionality perspective. The study findings can provide a new outlook for the decision-makers in the coastal region on the vulnerability and adaptive capacity differences among the residents and thus lead to more efficient disaster management practices.

The key role of risk perception in preparedness for oil pipeline accidents in urban areas: A sequential mediation analysis

Effective disaster risk reduction requires conducting research within communities that gave recognized natural or technological risks, to foster the development of more resilient societies. However, limited information is available regarding risk perception and preparedness for technological hazards in disaster-prone urban areas of South America. The aim of this study is to investigate the factors that influence public risk perception regarding the Trans-Ecuadorian Oil Pipeline System and its relationship with household preparedness for a potential accident in the Metropolitan District of Quito (Ecuador). We assess the link among knowledge, trust in authorities, risk perception, intention to prepare, and preparedness. Results from a sequential mediation analysis reveal that risk perception partially and positively mediates the relationship between knowledge and preparedness and acts as a negative full mediator between the latter and trust. These findings provide valuable information for future risk governance and communication strategies, aimed at enhancing risk perception and improving individual preparedness of individuals, as well as risk mitigation procedures.

A multi-stable deployable quadrifilar helix antenna with radiation reconfigurability for disaster-prone areas

In disaster-prone areas, damaged infrastructure requires impromptu communications leveraging lightweight and adaptive antennas. Accordingly, we introduce a bi-stable deployable quadrifilar helix antenna that passively reconfigures its radiation characteristics in terms of pattern and polarization. The proposed structure is composed of counter-rotating helical strips, connected by rotational joints to allow a simultaneous change in the helix height and radius. Each helical strip is composed of a fiber-reinforced composite material to achieve two stable deployed states that are self-locking. The reconfiguration between an almost omnidirectional pattern and a circularly polarized directive pattern enables the antenna to be suitable for both terrestrial and satellite communication within the L-band. More specifically, the presented design in infrastructure-less areas achieves satellite localization with directive circularly polarized waves and point-to-point terrestrial connectivity with an almost omnidirectional state. Hence, we present a portable, agile, and passively reconfigured antenna solution for low-infrastructure areas.

DEVELOPMENT OF ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION TRAINING MODULE TO IMPROVE STUDENT ACADEMIC RESILIENCE IN DISASTER AREAS

Students living in disaster-prone areas often experience obstacles to increasing enthusiasm for learning and a lack of resilience, especially academic resilience. This research aims to develop an Achievement Motivation training module to improve Student Academic Resilience. This research was conducted with a 4D model research and development model consisting of 4 stages, namely define, design, develop, and disseminate. The respondents were disaster-prone students in Central Sulawesi. The data analysis technique used is the first quantitative descriptive of the problem profile of students' academic resilience. Second, qualitative descriptive data analysis was used for FGD result analysis to design achievement motivation training models. The results of the define stage research found student problems related to academic resilience. Descriptive analysis finds aspects of academic resilience, namely problem-facing ability, self-adjustment, resilience, and problem-solving ability. The results of the research design stage have formulated an Achievement motivation Training module for disaster-prone students. The study recommends the primary role of teachers in helping students achieve higher levels of academic resilience. One of the recommended programs is achievement motivation training, which can be adopted by teachers through classical and group approaches.

Analysis of Disaster Vulnerability Areas in West Bandung Regency, West Java, Indonesia

Mineral resources, coal, and rock are one of the potentials possessed by Indonesia to be able to earn income from the mining sector. West Bandung Regency is one of the areas that have quite a lot of potential rock and mineral resources. The potential of this area is quite large, namely andesite rock, sand, limestone, and sandstone. Zeolite and others. On the other hand, the West Bandung area has a high potential and threat of being a disaster-prone. West Bandung Regency has the highest number of natural disasters occurring in the type of landslide disaster, which occurred 52 times in the period 2008-2016, or 68% of all disasters. Loss of economic value also occurs for mining material resources which are limited by the existence of a disaster zone. So it is necessary to carry out mitigation from the start to map disaster areas that have an impact on the distribution and existence of mining material resources. This study aims to identify and analyze the potential of rock resources in disaster-prone areas, so as to be able to prioritize conservation aspects for potential mining materials. The method used in this research is through literature study, mapping the potential of mining materials, mapping the potential of disaster-prone areas, processing of secondary data, and analysis using remote sensing. The results of this study are that the rocks in the West Bandung area are divided into groups of volcanic rocks, sedimentary rocks, and alluvial deposits. The volcanic rock group got a score of 3 because it was considered more prone to erosions than the sedimentary and alluvial rock groups which were scored 2 and 1. with a weighted level of disaster vulnerability. The zone of high disaster susceptibility is considered to have the highest probability of a disaster occurring. Therefore, in the final result, the overlap between the distribution of the potential for minerals and the zone of high disaster susceptibility results in a potential area for minerals that are relatively safe from disasters, both soil movement, and flooding. Potential mining resources in West Bandung Regency are Andesite basalt 1,860,412 ha (1.43%), Limestone 667.05 ha (0.50%), Sirtu 40,949.76 ha (31.35%%).

Improving the Effectiveness of Disaster Mitigation in Wonogiri Regency, Indonesia Using House of Risk Method

Wonogiri Regency, the Republic of Indonesia, is an area that has potential to be affected by various types of disasters. This study aims to identify the types of disaster potentials in the Wonogiri Regency and to provide recommendations for effective disaster mitigation strategies that can be effectively implemented by the Regional Disaster Management Agency (Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah or BPBD in short) of the Wonogiri Regency during 2021-2026 time period by using the House of Risk (HoR) method. The study found that floods, landslides, strong winds, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tsunamis, forest and land fires, droughts, and extraordinary events are likely to take place in the regency. The implementation of the HoR phase 1 yields 19 disaster risk events and 19 disaster risk agents. The use of Pareto diagram to the disaster risk agents results in 8 dominant risk agents of disaster, namely “Unstable ground”; “The trees are too old and fragile”; “The trees are too dense”; Lack of water resources”; Heavy rain intensity”; “Struck by disaster materials”; “Epidemic of a disease”; and “The building construction is not strong”. The implementation of the HoR phase 2 produces 15 mitigation strategies along with their priority order in which the 5 mitigation strategies with the highest priority are “Working with related parties to reduce the potential of disasters”; “Conducting socialization and education of disasters”; “Establishing disaster-resilient villages”; “Mapping disaster-prone areas”; and “Training for disaster volunteers”.

Disaster-Related Health Impacts and Endemic Disease among Middle-Aged Adults in India: Evidence from Longitudinal Ageing Survey of India (LASI), 2017-18

AimThis study aims to identify the disaster-related health impact on endemic diseases among middle-aged individuals in India.Data & Methods: This study utilizes data from the first wave of the Longitudinal Ageing Survey of India, 2017-18 with an eligible sample of 66,606 individuals aged 45 years and above. Binary logistic regression analysis and the Fairlie decomposition technique were used to understand the factors affecting endemic disease and to predict the factors contributing to rural-urban inequality in endemic disease prevalence. ResultsThe prevalence of endemic disease was 48 % among individuals whose health was affected by the disaster and 25 % among those whose health was not affected by the disaster. The Odds Ratio (ORs) of having endemic disease among disaster-affected individuals was found to be uniformly higher in rural areas [OR: 2.6 (95% CI: 2.2,3.0)] than in urban areas [OR: 1.84 (95% CI: 1.4,2.5)]. In the adjusted model, the risk of endemic disease among disaster-affected individuals was 2.17 times and 1.42 times higher in rural and urban areas respectively in comparison to individuals without any health impact from a disaster. ConclusionEfforts aimed at education on hygiene, and provisions of safe water and sanitation will significantly reduce the burden. Preparedness in disaster-prone areas, training the health and local community, efficient resource allocation, and identifying and managing the particular disease will help to minimize disease transmission.

A visual positioning model for UAV’s patrolling video sequence images based on DOM rectification

With technological development of multi sensors, UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) can identify and locate key targets in essential monitoring areas or geological disaster-prone areas by taking video sequence images, and precise positioning of the video sequence images is constantly a matter of great concern. In recent years, precise positioning of aerial images has been widely studied. But it is still a challenge to simultaneously realize precise, robust and dynamic positioning of UAV’s patrolling video sequence images in real time. In order to solve this problem, a visual positioning model for patrolling video sequence images based on DOM rectification is proposed, including a robust block-matching algorithm and a precise polynomial-rectifying algorithm. First, the robust block-matching algorithm is used to obtain the best matching area for UAV’s video sequence image on DOM (Digital Orthophoto Map), a pre-acquired digital orthophoto map covering the whole UAV’s patrolling region. Second, the precise polynomial-rectifying algorithm is used to calculate accurate rectification parameters of mapping UAV’s video sequence image to the best matching area obtained above, and then real time positioning of UAV’s patrolling video sequence images can be realized. Finally, the above two algorithms are analyzed and verified by three practical experiments, and results indicate that even if spatial resolution, surface specific features, illumination condition and topographic relief are significantly different between DOM and UAV’s patrolling video sequence images, proposed algorithms can still steadily realize positioning of each UAV’s patrolling video sequence image with about 2.5 m level accuracy in 1 s. To some extent, this study has improved precise positioning effects of UAV’s patrolling video sequence images in real time, and the proposed mathematical model can be directly incorporated into UAV’s patrolling system without any hardware overhead.

Development of a Disaster Mitigation Model Based on Local Wisdom

In recent years, earthquake mitigation is no longer dominated by pure science, but it moves towards various approaches based on sociology and anthropology. The main question of this paper is how local wisdom affect the way the people of Palu City faced disasters before there were legal arrangements and legislation regarding disasters and how to integrate this knowledge with the legal substance formulated by the government. Despite having a disaster mitigation policy, the local community and local government showed no disaster preparedness resulting in insurmountable victims and damage, even though they already live in a disaster-prone area. Therefore, a better system based on the integration of local wisdom that is obeyed by the local community needs to be established. Local wisdom is part of the Indonesian legal system, as it can be used as a material source for legislation. Through this research, we explored the possibility of accommodating local wisdom into the government's policy in the form of legislation using a case study from Pasigala, the region that used to be most heavily impacted by the 2018 earthquake. As a result, a model of disaster mitigation based on local wisdom was created and can be implemented as a local policy

Markov chain analysis to predict natural disasters in the Province of Bangka Belitung Islands as part of preventative measures to prevent environmental damage

Bangka Belitung Islands Province is a province which is famous for its beauty and natural wealth. In addition to its natural beauty and wealth, this province has disaster-prone areas. Based on the results of the 2021 Indonesian Disaster Risk Index (IRBI) measurement, the Bangka Belitung Islands Province has the second highest risk class in Indonesia with a value of 160.98. Therefore, a study is needed that aims to determine the prediction of natural disasters in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province as a preventive measure to prevent environmental damage. The analytical method used in this research is the Markov Chain method. The data used in this study is secondary data obtained from the official website of the National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) from 2017 to 2022 with several types of disasters, including floods, landslides, tornadoes, forest and land fires, and natural disasters others (missing persons, house fires, drowning persons, etc.). Based on the results of calculations using the Markov Chain concept, it can be concluded that the possibility of flooding in 2023 is 31.46%, landslides are 7.73%, tornadoes are 43.81%, forest and land fires are 14.32%, and other disasters of 2.69% with a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.356 and a Mean Square Error (MSE) of 0.17.

Local Government Resonance on Disaster Potential Issues

Ring of fire that surround Indonesia from east to the west made this country become potential vulnerable to various types of natural disasters, Morowali is a district located in central sulawesi province that one of a disaster-prone area. It is traversed by the Matano fault which connected to Palu Koro fault which is a fault with approximately 8 mm active movement per year. This study aims to see how far the local government of Morowali responds to the issue of potential disasters, consider that Morowali district is one of the areas designated by the state government as a special economic zone. This study using an exploratory case study that does not see phenomena only from problems but also in the form of social activities, groups, and organization. Niklas Luhmann's concept of resonance is the main reference in describes the interconnection between systems and the environment. Research data obtained using in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and field observations. The informants in this study were executive and legislative board. The results show that the executive and legislative response to the issue of potential natural disasters shows the resonant capacity of two functional systems politics and economics are weak, which shows that the government's system should encourage the concept of proactive adaptation to strengthen its response to the existing potential disasters and create security for the Morowali community.

The Effect of START Triage Simulation Method on the Preparedness of Puskesmas Nurses at Risk Disaster in Helping Victims in Ternate

Background: Disasters can cause deaths, injuries, damage to health facilities and public health problems. An effective approach is needed in handling victims through triage. Objective; analyzed the effect of the START triage method simulation on preparedness to help disaster victims by nurses at the Disaster Prone Health Center in Ternate City. Method: This research design is quasi experimental Pretest-posttest Control Group Design. The sample for this research is 50 nursing staff spread across 4 health centers in disaster-prone areas. The instruments used were questionnaires and observation sheets. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon test. Results: The research results showed that using the Wilcoxon test (α=0.05), the p value for the control group was 0.001 and the p value for the treatment group was 0.000. Conclusion: Providing the START triage method simulation to the treatment group had an effect on preparedness to help disaster victims by community health center nurses.

Isomorphism Framework with Scenario Planning in Installing Lembang Fault Earthquake Disaster Information Board Signs

Installing disaster signs and information boards in disaster-prone areas is one form of effort to improve disaster preparedness and mitigation through disaster education for people in disaster-prone areas. This study aims to analyze the form of DiMaggio and Powell Isomorphism in the installation of signs and information boards for the Lembang Fault earthquake disaster and provide recommendations for the installation of signs and disaster information boards at the West Bandung Regency Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD KBB). The consideration of case selection is based on the high Indonesia Disaster Risk Index (IRBI) in 2022 in West Bandung Regency, reaching 14.74 (high risk for earthquakes). The research methodology uses a descriptive qualitative approach with case studies on BPBD KBB as coordinators in disaster management in the regions. Data collection techniques involve literature study and in-depth interviews. The results showed that the installation of signs and information boards was influenced by normative coercive Isomorphism. The implications of this study include practical recommendations for improving strategies for installing signs and information boards to improve the effectiveness of disaster mitigation in the region.

KAJIAN YURIDIS TAHAPAN PEMILIHAN KEPALA DAERAH SERENTAK TAHUN 2024

The research is entitled "Judicial Study of the Stages of Simultaneous Regional Head Elections in 2024". The research focuses on the stages of the Regional Head Election which will be held simultaneously in 2024 in 37 Provinces for the Governor Election and the Regent/Mayor Election in 514 Regencies/Cities. In the same year there will also be general elections for the President and Vice President, DPR, DPD, Provincial DPRD and Regency/City DPRD in 2024. Based on this description, the problems to be dissected in this research are as follows: (1) Regarding the regulatory system for implementing the stages The 2024 Regional Head Election is based on Law Number 10 of 2016 concerning Regional Head Elections. (2) Judicially reviewing the opportunities and challenges of holding regional head elections in 2024? This legal research is empirical normative research with a conceptual approach, a statutory approach, a sociological approach (socio legal), and a case approach using primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. The research results obtained are that the system for regulating the stages of regional head elections, which consists of preparation and implementation, has been regulated in detail in Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2015 concerning the Stipulation of Government Regulations in Lieu of Law Number 1 of 2014 concerning the Election of Governors, Regents and Mayor Becomes Law, Law Number 10 of 2016 concerning Second Amendment to Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2015 concerning Stipulation of Government Regulations in Lieu of Law Number 1 of 2014 concerning Election of Governors, Regents and Mayors Becomes Law. However, there is still disharmony in several provisions relating to the formation of Ad Hoc Election and Election Boards. The implementation of Regional Head Elections which will be held simultaneously in 2024 has good opportunities from regulations with technical regulations, adequate facilities and infrastructure, sufficient budget from the Provincial, Regency/City APBD and the readiness of election organizers such as the KPU, Bawaslu and DKPP. Meanwhile, existing challenges such as disharmonization of regulations, facilities and infrastructure in disaster-prone areas, budgets in various regions are not sufficient to finance the Regional Head Election and the simultaneous stages of the General Election and Regional Head Election in 2024.

Measurements and Influencing Factors of New Rural Collective Economies’ Resilience toward Mountain Disasters in Indigent Areas: A Case Study of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, China

Economic activities in disaster-prone areas are significantly susceptible to mountain disasters, and enhancing the resilience of new rural collective economies (RRCEs) is a pressing challenge that needs to be overcome in the areas of disaster risk management and sustainable development. The target research area comprises 48 representative villages in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture (LP). An assessment framework based on the Resilience Index Measurement Analysis (RIMA) model is established to evaluate the RRCEs in the face of mountain disasters, and the influencing factors regarding the RRCEs are examined. The results show that (1) typical villages in the new rural collective economies (NRCE) have a low level of resilience. (2) Transformational capacity is the key to improving RRCEs. (3) Off-farm villages exhibit the highest level of collective economic resilience, followed by diversified villages, while the lowest resilience level is observed in purely agricultural villages. (4) Talent security and institutional security are important for achieving a high level of resilience. Both of these factors significantly influence RRCEs. (5) The combined influence of talent, financical, institutional, technological, and business security contributes to the diverse factors that shape RRCEs. In other words, the path to achieving resilience in the new rural collective economies is characterized by multiple routes that lead to a common goal. Building on this, we propose recommendations in five key areas, namely, encouraging scientific research and innovation, improving disaster insurance coverage, strengthening the emergency protection system, facilitating collective economic development, and selecting suitable strategies to enhance resilience based on local conditions. The aim is to offer valuable insights for disaster-prone areas to enhance RRCEs and realize sustainable development and rural revitalization.

ANALISIS PELAKSANAAN MANAJEMEN LOGISTIK DAN PERALATAN PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA DI BPBD KABUPATEN BONE BOLANGO

The aim of this research is to analyze how logistics management and disaster management are implemented in Bone Bolango Regency. This research is descriptive qualitative research which aims to interpret a phenomenon being studied. Data source sampling was carried out using purposive sampling. The sample in this study was the Head of Logistics and Equipment Division, Logistics Distribution Section, and Data and Information Section of BPBD Bone Bolango Regency. Bone Bolango Regency is one of the disaster-prone areas in Gorontalo Province. One of the activities carried out by BPBD in this case is providing logistical assistance and disaster management equipment to communities affected by disasters. Logistics and disaster management equipment are managed in logistics management. This research was conducted at BPBD Bone Bolango Regency in 2022. The results of this research show that logistics management and disaster management equipment at BPBD Bone Bolango Regency has been implemented, but not as it should be. Improvements can be made by providing good warehouse facilities, procuring tank cars, and increasing human resources for disaster operators.

Why do riparian communities persist in disaster-prone areas? Empirical evidence from Mbire District, Zimbabwe

Why do riparian communities persist in disaster-prone areas? Empirical evidence from Mbire District, Zimbabwe

Water security analysis in Merapi disaster-prone area with the AWDO 2020 method

Water security is one of the crucial concepts in the supply chain of drinking water supply. This concept has become essential, especially since water security has been mainstreamed into drinking water supply activities in Indonesia through a Drinking Water Security Plan (RPAM). This study aims to apply the Asian Water Development Outlook 2020 (AWDO 2020) method as a quick assessment method related to the safety level of drinking water. The research was conducted at community-based water supply and sanitation (PAMSIMAS) locations in Pakem and Cangkringan Districts. The two sub-districts are in the disaster-prone area (KRB) III area of Merapi. In Pakem sub-district, locations studied were PAMSIMAS in Watuadeg and Pandanpuro villages. In Cangkringan sub-district, research was conducted in Dliring and Kalitengah Lor villages. Modifications were made by adding indicators to the Rural Household Water Security AWDO 2020. The initial indicators included water availability, sanitation access, health impact, and affordability. The added aspect is the impact of water resistance with the threat of a volcanic disaster. The scoring of the questionnaire results from a scale of 1-4 is analyzed from each aspect to get the total score determining the water resistance index. The total score obtained for the four locations is 16.03-17.42, which means they all are in the effective stage. There are also some deficiencies in applying the AWDO 2000 method, such as the scoring details and the possibility of scoring interpretation errors.

The Impact of COVID-19 and Climate Change on Food Security in Pamijahan District, Bogor Regency

Food security is a requirement for meeting household food demands and is expressed in the availability of enough food that is sufficient both in quantity and quality, safe, equitable, and inexpensive. Academics and practitioners have attempted to revise food security models that may depict disaster-prone places, particularly Pamijahan District; however, these varied models each have their setbacks when compared to the world’s various global conditions. This study aims to examine how food security is affected by the availability, accessibility, and consumption of food under the influence of climate change and the COVID-19 outbreak in the period 2017–2022. The methods used in this study were mixed-methods (quantitative and qualitative). In this study, participants underwent SMART PLS 3.0 analysis, followed by quantitative analytic techniques. Study results showed that the total food security condition of Cibunian Village in Pamijahan District in the period 2017–2022 can be categorized as vulnerable. Based on the FSVA analysis, it revealed that Cibunian Village was in the category of being vulnerable to food insecurity in general for the 2017–2022 period, while based on the SKPG analysis from the perspective of food access, there has been a 33.3% increase in food insecurity. The COVID-19 outbreak, climate change, and food consumption are the causes, and they all significantly and positively affect food security. This work advances our knowledge of food security in the COVID-19 outbreak age and the issues posed by global climate change. Everywhere, even in disaster-prone areas, complete food security should be attained.