Directionally Solidified Superalloy Research Articles

Mechanical Behavior and Processing of DS and Single Crystal Superalloys

This article examines mechanical anisotropy of single crystals, cold work induced surface recrystallization on directionally solidified (DS) materials, and the effect of temperature gradient in a DS furnace on the fatigue strength of single crystals. It draws attention to the highly anisotropic creep behavior of some modern single crystal alloys showing, in particular, extremely poor creep resistance in the 〈111〉 orientation. Effects of surface recrystallization on the creep strength are evaluated. The present work incites further investigation on heat treatments and alloy chemistry modifications in order to reduce the effect of mechanical anisotropy. Great care should be taken during the “mechanical” handling of DS or single crystal components to avoid surface recrystallization. HIP’ing or high gradient solidification are shown to be two possible ways for enhancing the durability and the fatigue strength of single crystal superalloys. In certain liquid fuel rocket engine applications, where hydrogen embrittlement of single crystal turbopump blades can be of concern, both these techniques can be useful.