Texture Direction Research Articles

Strong piezoelectric anisotropy in CaBi4Ti4O15 textured ceramics prepared by templated grain growth method

AbstractBismuth layer‐structured ferroelectrics (BLSF) show great potential as piezoelectric materials for high‐temperature applications. In this study, c‐axis/[001]‐textured CaBi4Ti4O15 (CBT) ceramic was synthesized through templated grain growth (TGG) method. A high Lotgering factor (f) of 96% was achieved in textured CBT ceramic using 20 wt% CBT homogeneous template. The piezoelectric coefficient d33 has significantly increased from 7.8 pC/N for random ceramic to 24.3 pC/N for textured ceramic (poled perpendicular to the c‐axis/[001] texture direction), representing an impressive 300% enhancement while maintaining an ultra‐high Curie temperature (TC) of 788°C. In addition, a low dielectric loss (tanδ = 0.4%) and relatively high resistivity (ρ = 1.1 × 1012 Ω·cm) were achieved simultaneously at room temperature. The significant enhancement of d33 in textured CBT ceramic origins from its strong piezoelectric anisotropy. The large d33,T⊥ is due to the nature of polarization switching in CBT (the spontaneous polarization PS of CBT is along a‐axis direction, and the switching of PS is restricted within the a–b plane). Furthermore, the variation of d33,T⊥ remained below 10% across the temperature range of 25–700°C, highlighting the excellent thermal stability of the textured CBT ceramics. These findings suggest that textured CBT ceramic is a promising piezoelectric material for high‐temperature sensor applications.

High temperature tensile creep behavior and microstructure evolution of Ti60 alloy rolled sheet

In this work, the high temperature tensile creep test of 2mm Ti60 alloy rolled sheet was carried out, and the creep behavior and microstructure evolution were studied. The initial microstructure of the 2mm Ti60 alloy rolled sheet is mainly composed of primary α phase and secondary α phase, and there are many dislocations and dynamic recrystallization (DRX) inside the rolled sheet. According to Norton-Bailey law, the creep stress exponent at 600 °C is calculated to be 3.6, and creep activation energy at 200MPa is calculated to be 286.4kJ/mol. It implies that the creep mechanism of the rolled sheet includes dislocation slip and dislocation climb. The initial Ti60 alloy rolled sheet has the {0001}<10-10>α texture. Stretching along the RD makes the texture direction gradually change from B-type (<0001>//ND) to T-type (<0001>//TD). Whether it is the B-type texture or T-type texture, the (0001) plane of the α phase always exhibits a basal texture state parallel to the tensile stress direction, contributing a good tensile creep property of this alloy sheet.

Microstructure evolution and springback behavior in single-pass roll bending of magnesium alloy plates

Using magnesium alloy plates instead of high-strength steel and titanium alloys in roll-formed parts significantly improves the lightweight, damping, and heat dissipation properties of automotive components. This paper employs finite element simulation combined with experimental methods to perform single-pass roll bending of AZ31B magnesium alloy plates at angles of 0°-15°, 0°-25°, and 0°-35°. Measured the springback angle and microhardness at the bends, and used optical microscopy (OM) and electron back scatter diffraction (EBSD) to analyze the microstructural characteristics, texture, and orientation evolution at the bend during the roll bending process. The results indicate that during roll bending, the inner bend area has significantly more twins than the outer area, with more pronounced grain refinement on the inner side. {10-12} tensile twins mainly coordinate plastic deformation, with some {10-12}-{10-12} tensile twin variants present. The inner bend area's texture shifts from ND to TD direction, strengthening the TD direction texture, while the outer area retains typical rolling texture. The prismatic slip in the inner region of the bend changes from hard to soft orientation. The inner region is mainly coordinated plastic deformation by prismatic slip, while the outer region is mainly coordinated by basal slip. As single-pass roll bending angles increase, the increase in twin boundaries and low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) significantly reduces the springback angle. Additionally, grain refinement and increased geometric necessary dislocation density lead to higher microhardness.

Unleashing the elastocaloric cooling potential of 3D-printed NiTi alloy with heterogeneous microstructures and Ni4Ti3 nanoparticles

Toward the development of elastocaloric (eC) refrigeration applications, this study examines how Ni4Ti3 nanoparticles improve the eC properties of laser powder bed-fused (LPBF) NiTi alloys, with a focus on the formation of a NiTi/Ni4Ti3 nanocomposite. The LPBF-produced microstructure offers significant advantages: i) a heterogeneous grain structure that provides complementary benefits—fine grains offer higher deformation resistance while coarse grains initiate phase transformation (PT) earlier, releasing more latent heat; ii) a strong <001>//building direction texture that enhances recoverability. However, these benefits are partially limited by grain boundary slip during PT, leading to lower cooling efficiency and increased energy dissipation in as-built NiTi alloys. To address these issues, Ni4Ti3 nanoparticles are introduced through aging treatment, forming a composite structure that strengthens grain boundaries. Given the challenges of applying severe plastic deformation to 3D-printed components, this approach may offer a more practical solution. The study also reveals that Ni4Ti3 nanoparticles contribute to: 1) reducing Ni content in the matrix, increasing lattice size and enthalpy, which enhances the temperature drop (ΔTad); and 2) promoting R phase formation, which hinders the B2↔B19' PT, reducing energy dissipation and improving the coefficient of performance (COPmat). The balance of these effects depends on nanoparticle size, with smaller particles (∼5–12 nm) amplifying the second effect, while larger particles (∼130 nm) increase the first effect. At 350°C aging, the optimized nanocomposite exhibits a maximum COPmat of 15 and ΔTad of 14K, representing a 163% improvement over the as-built alloy. This work highlights the potential of NiTi composites in 3D-printed eC components.

Unveiling the Microstructural Features during Compression of a High-Modulus Mg-15Gd-8Y-6Al-0.3Mn Alloy Reinforced by a Large Volume of Al2RE Phases

Magnesium alloys with a high volume fraction of secondary phases exhibit inferior formability. Therefore, investigating their thermal deformation characteristics is critical for optimizing thermal processing techniques. In this work, isothermal compression experiments were performed on a Mg-15Gd-8Y-6Al-0.3Mn alloy with an elastic modulus of 51.3 GPa with a substantial volume of aluminum-rare earth (Al2RE) phases. The rheological behavior and microstructural evolution of the material were systematically investigated at varying temperatures (350–500 °C) and strain rates (0.001–1.000 s−1). The calculated thermal processing diagram indicates that the unstable region gradually enlarges with increased strain, and all unstable regions appear within the high-strain-rate, low-temperature domain. The ideal thermal processing range of the alloy is 350–500 °C at strain rates ranging from 0.001 to 0.016 s−1. Particle-stimulated nucleation and discontinuous dynamic recrystallization are both verified to be responsible for the recrystallized microstructure of the alloy. The recrystallized grains exhibit a relatively random crystallographic orientation. As recrystallization proceeds, the texture gradually transitions from a typical [0001] texture in the compression direction to a random texture accompanied by decreased texture intensity. This work sheds new light on the thermo-mechanical processing of high-modulus Mg alloys, which could help design suitable processing techniques for related materials.

Direct Laser‐Deposited Ni36.5Co36.5Cr18Al4.5Ti4.5 Multiprincipal Component Alloy

Multiprincipal component alloys (MPCAs) have been extensively investigated and shown promising properties. The MPCAs also provide a new class of metallic alloys for additive manufacturing. Herein, a precipitation‐strengthened Ni36.5Co36.5Cr18Al4.5Ti4.5 MPCA is fabricated by direct laser deposition (DLD). The overall formability of the bulk is very good, only a few cracks exist near the bottom of the substrate. The as‐deposited samples feature a unidirectional epitaxial columnar grain microstructure with a high volume fraction (about 44%) of dispersed nanoscale γ′ phases and demonstrate a &lt;100&gt;//build direction texture. The as‐deposited samples exhibit a high yield strength about 896 MPa, an ultimate tensile strength about 1173 MPa, and an elongation about 17% along the build direction. These results demonstrate the feasibility of DLD for producing high‐volume fraction precipitation‐strengthened MPCAs without defects.

Roughness measurement results evaluation of 6082 aluminium alloy specimens after fatigue bending tests

In this paper, the topography of 6082 aluminium alloy specimens after fatigue bending tests was studied with a comprehensive evaluation of measurement noise caused by vibration. Roughness results were acquired by contactless Focus Variation Microscopy (FVM). Studied data were pre-processed, removing the non-measured points and outliers with regular methods, respectively, and high-frequency noise was considered. The variations in ISO 25178 roughness parameters were studied. Based on the previous studies, it was found that surfaces after fatigue bending tests can be difficult to consider when analyzing the measurement noise in a selected bandwidth. Some advantages of profile data extraction in selected directions, like horizontal, vertical or crack, were found deficient, even in studies by various functions, like autocorrelation, power spectral density, or texture direction ratio. When noise suppression methods depend on the details studied, boundary areas were extracted to compare and highlight the presence of high-frequency data characteristics. The proposed method was validated when contrasting standardised Gaussian or median filtering techniques with the spline filtering approach. A proper filter for the reduction of vibrational noise from the results of FVM topography measurements was suggested based on the proposed procedure. Finally, it was proposed how use the new method for reducing errors caused by high-frequency measurement noise in the surface topography of specimens after fatigue bending tests.

Directional Texture Editing for 3D Models

AbstractTexture editing is a crucial task in 3D modelling that allows users to automatically manipulate the surface materials of 3D models. However, the inherent complexity of 3D models and the ambiguous text description lead to the challenge of this task. To tackle this challenge, we propose ITEM3D, a Texture Editing Model designed for automatic 3D object editing according to the text Instructions. Leveraging the diffusion models and the differentiable rendering, ITEM3D takes the rendered images as the bridge between text and 3D representation and further optimizes the disentangled texture and environment map. Previous methods adopted the absolute editing direction, namely score distillation sampling (SDS) as the optimization objective, which unfortunately results in noisy appearances and text inconsistencies. To solve the problem caused by the ambiguous text, we introduce a relative editing direction, an optimization objective defined by the noise difference between the source and target texts, to release the semantic ambiguity between the texts and images. Additionally, we gradually adjust the direction during optimization to further address the unexpected deviation in the texture domain. Qualitative and quantitative experiments show that our ITEM3D outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art methods on various 3D objects. We also perform text‐guided relighting to show explicit control over lighting. Our project page: https://shengqiliu1.github.io/ITEM3D/.

Interface of AlCrTiN/6061 laminated composite fabricated by one-pass rolling and its tribological properties

Inspired by the bionic idea, the AlCrTiN/6061 laminated composite material with “mortar and brick” structure was fabricated by one-pass rolling. And the interface characteristics, dry friction process and wear mechanism of the nacre-like AlCrTiN/6061 laminated composite were systematically studied. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the successful construction of the “mortar-brick” structure in the composite. And high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) revealed that Al18Cr2Mg3 phase is formed at the interface of AlCrTiN/6061 laminated composite. Electron back scatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis showed that there are 〈110〉 silk texture in the RD direction. Moreover, the tribological tests indicated that the friction coefficient (COF) of the laminated composites ranged from 0.379 to 0.437, which can meet the requirements of lightweight and high-performance braking of automobiles.

Quantifying the influences of landscape gradient on urban spatial efficiency by using surface metrics in the central area of a mountainous city

Rapid urbanization in mountainous areas has caused unbalanced development, land use conflicts, and decreased urban spatial efficiency (USE) due to terrain constraints and disorderly land expansion, and this issue has not been fully explored. To address this gap, this study constructs a framework to quantify the impacts of landscape gradients on urban spatial efficiency. By developing indicator systems to characterize both landscape heterogeneity and urban spatial efficiency, the relationships between these factors are analyzed using the Boosting Regression Trees model, and clusters are identified to reveal spatial differentiation through key landscape gradient indicators. The results indicate that (1) the Summit Density (Sds) of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) exhibits the most significant negative impact on urban spatial efficiency, especially on spatial utilization efficiency; (2) the Root Mean Square Slope (Sdq) of Digital Elevation negatively affects traffic and public services efficiency; (3) the Texture Direction Index (Stdi) of building distribution has the most significant positive impact on public service efficiency. In mountainous environments, different landscape gradient types exhibit clear contrasts in urban spatial efficiency. Varied elevations lead to diverse construction sites and building layouts within urban blocks, resulting in spatial differentiation of urban spatial efficiency. This study enhances the use of gradient surface metrics in urban spatial research by describing landscape patterns and heterogeneity at the block scale. It offers valuable insights for urban planning and design with a focus on equity and sustainability.

Evaluation of microstructure and mechanical properties of additively manufactured Ti–5V–5Mo-5 Al-3 Cr alloy

Ti–5V–5Mo–5Al–3Cr (Ti-5553) is a near-beta titanium alloy commonly used in aerospace applications. It is currently being explored for additive manufacturing (AM), but the fatigue behavior of this AM alloy needs to be well-understood for adoption. This paper explores the tensile and high-cycle fatigue behavior of laser powder bed (LPBF) manufactured Ti-5553 that has been post-print heat treated with a beta anneal and age (BAA), with a focus on the microstructural evolution and effects of surface roughness and print defects. Fatigue lives of as-LPBF and BAA material are nearly identical and both are far below fatigue lives of conventionally manufactured Ti-5553. As-built samples contain columnar β grains with a [001] texture in the build direction with a negligible fraction of α phase confirmed by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The BAA material contains HCP alpha-phase precipitates: grain boundary α, primary α, and secondary Widmanstätten α. Fatigue samples were printed in the vertical direction and tested with an as-printed and machined surface. Both the as-LPBF and BAA samples exhibit similar fatigue strengths despite their vastly different microstructures. Machined surfaces led to an increase in tensile strength, ductility, and fatigue strength. This work emphasizes the importance of heat treatment and minimization of flaws inherent to AM processing of near-beta Ti-5553.

Fracture surface topography measurements analysis of low-alloyed corrosion resistant steel after bending-torsion fatigue tests

In this paper, an assessment of a topography measurement method for fracture surfaces of 10HNAP steel after bending-torsion fatigue tests was performed. Surface roughness was measured by using a non-contact Focus Variation Microscopy (FVM) technique in which the non-measured points (NMPs) and outliers (spikes) were removed by the application of general methods. The results revealed, that the optical measurement method introduced variations in the high-frequency errors, considered as noise within the selected bandwidth. Therefore, the minimization of the high-frequency noise (HFN) was proposed based on an extensive examination of ISO 25178 roughness parameters. Additionally, a general S-filter was applied, as recommended by international standards and commercial software. It was used to identify and remove noise from the measured data after pre-processing. Consequently, levelling and eliminating of NMPs and spikes was successfully performed. Subsequently, the results obtained by using various filters were compared to further assess the impact of different filtration bandwidths. Finally, the proposed procedure was validated by implementing different general functions, such as autocorrelation (ACF), power spectral densities (PSD), and texture direction (TD). It was concluded, that coupled characteristics, including profile and areal measurements, should be studied simultaneously since they are necessary to analyze the fracture surfaces comprehensively.

Numerical simulation and thermodynamic test analysis of plate heat exchanger based on topology optimization

Efficient heat transfer in PHEs relies on optimizing flow distribution to minimize thermal dead zones. Existing studies have predominantly focused on single-phase fluids as working media and employed density-based methods for structural optimization of microchannel heat exchangers at small scales. In this study, the Brinkman term from the porous media flow model is introduced in an innovative manner, along with the utilization of a material density interpolation model, which builds upon the density-based approach. A novel two-phase fluid topology optimization method is proposed, specifically tailored for large-scale PHE operating conditions, resulting in the successful design of a new PHE topology. To compare the performance of the two heat exchangers, finite element simulation, visualization experiments, and thermodynamic performance testing are conducted. The simulation results reveal that the heat transfer capacity of the topological PHE is 810 W with pressure drops of 18.8 kPa, while the dimple PHE exhibits heat transfer capacity of 652 W with pressure drops of 25.9 kPa. Compared to the dimple PHE, the topological PHE demonstrates 24.2 % improvement in heat transfer performance and 27.8 % reduction in pressure drop. The dimensionless comprehensive heat transfer coefficient (j/f) indicates that the overall performance of the topological PHE significantly surpasses that of the traditional PHE. Furthermore, the visualization experiment results demonstrate that the complex texture structure of the topological PHE effectively induces fluid motion, compelling the fluid to flow along the texture direction. This significantly mitigates the issue of uneven flow within the PHE, thus enhancing heat transfer efficiency. Specifically, the topological PHE exhibits inlet–outlet temperature difference of 10.3 °C and pressure drops of 11.2 kPa, while the dimple PHE shows inlet–outlet temperature difference of 6 °C and pressure drops of 12.9 kPa. The findings of this study provide guidance for future research endeavors aimed at evaluating potential solutions to advance heat transfer in PHEs and facilitate the implementation of thermal management strategies.

Exceptional strength-ductility synergy in additively manufactured (CoCrNi)90Al5Ti5 medium-entropy alloy by heat treatment

Powder Plasma Arc Additive Manufacturing (PPA-AM) technique has tremendous potential for the practical application in medium-entropy alloys (MEAs). In this study, we investigated the effect of heat treatment on microstructural evolution, mechanical properties, and the work hardening behavior in the PPA-AM processed (CoCrNi)90Al5Ti5 MEA. The results show that the As-built specimen is a single-phase FCC structure, displaying <001> strong FCC texture in the deposition direction. The stacking faults (SFs) and dislocations were observed in the alloy, which formed the stacking fault networks and the Lomer-Cottrell locks structure. The plasticity of the alloy increased significantly after the high-temperature heat treatment, which can be attributed to the modifications of the microstructure, such as the weakening of the texture strength and the reduction of the stresses. Low-temperature heat treatment decreases the density of dislocations in the alloy, but promotes the generation of the co-lattice phase. The evolution of the dislocation density, texture strength, and precipitates significantly influenced the strain hardening behavior and mechanical properties. The tensile results showed that the strength and plasticity of the samples were increased after two-step heat treatment. The yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and elongation to failure were 733 MPa, 1080 MPa, and 22.3%, respectively, which were 16.2%, 20.3%, and 15.5% higher than the As-built samples. This work elucidates the underlying mechanisms of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloy.

Orientation dependent grain boundary precipitate distribution and the weakened pinning effects on domain walls in sintered Sm2Co17-type magnet

In a typical sintered multi-component Sm2Co17-type magnet with strong fiber texture, we show that the distributions of grain boundary precipitates (GBPs) are heavily dependent on the grain boundary (GB) geometry with respect to the texture direction, which has significant effects on domain wall pinning. Results demonstrate that the continuous GBPs turn into discrete upon the angle between {0001} planes and GB increases from 0° to 90°, meanwhile the GBPs thickness and precipitation free zones (PFZs) width both increase linearly by a factor of 2.5–4. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) reveals that the GBPs are alternatively stacked Cu-rich SmCo5 and Zr-rich Smn+1Co5n−1 (n = 2,3,4) compounds, while the PFZs are composed of 2:17R and intermediate 2:17R’ phases. Atomic-level elemental mappings and first-principles calculations indicate that Cu exists at the Co-2c site in the SmCo5 forming SmCo3Cu2 and Zr locates at the dumbbell Sm-6c sites in the Smn+1Co5n−1. The symbiotic GBPs have orientation relationships of [0001]GBPs//[0001]2:17R and [101¯0]GBPs//[21¯1¯0]2:17R. The formation of anisotropic GBPs is owing to the strong fiber texture, i.e., the larger angle between {0001} planes and GBs, the more {0001} diffusion channels for atoms to GBs, resulting in discrete and thick GBPs. In-situ Lorentz TEM shows that the domain walls interrupted by GBPs migrate easily under applied magnetic fields. Possible approaches to enhance the magnetic hardness via tuning the GBs are proposed.

Texture evolution behaviour of α + β titanium alloy during the hot compression in β region

A new dual-phase titanium alloy Ti-5Al-5Mo-2V-2Cr-2Sn-2Zr has shown good application potential in aerospace and shipbuilding industries. This study aims to investigate the texture evolution mechanism of Ti-5Al-5Mo-2V-2Cr-2Sn-2Zr alloy processed in β single-phase region. Thermal simulation, X-ray diffraction and electron back-scatter diffraction were used to test and analyse the microstructure and texture. The &lt;100&gt; // compression direction (CD) texture is enhanced with deformation. Schmid factor (SF) of &lt;111&gt; //CD and &lt;100&gt; //CD grains are calculated. &lt;100&gt; //CD-oriented grains with higher SF are soft oriented grains and more favourable for the deformation coordination. Finally, the texture strengthened by continuous and discontinuous dynamic recrystallization behaviours is analysed in depth.

Prey size reflected in tooth wear: a comparison of two wolf populations from Sweden and Alaska.

Ingesta leaves distinct patterns on mammalian teeth during mastication. However, an unresolved challenge is how to include intraspecific variability into dietary reconstruction and the biomechanical aspects of chewing. Two extant populations of the grey wolf (Canis lupus), one from Alaska and one from Sweden, were analysed with consideration to intraspecific dietary variability related to prey size depending on geographical origin, sex and individual age as well as tooth function. Occlusal enamel facets of the upper fourth premolars, first molars and the second lower molar were analysed via three-dimensional surface texture analysis. The Swedish wolves displayed facets characterized by higher peaks and deeper, more voluminous dales, featuring an overall rougher surface than the wolves from Alaska. Compared to females, the Swedish male wolves had a slightly larger dale area and hill volume on their facets. Upper fourth premolars are smoother and had higher values in texture direction compared to upper first molars. The upper first molars were rougher than the occluding lower second molars and were characterized by larger and deeper dales. We find evidence supporting intraspecific dietary segregation, and antagonistic asymmetry in occlusal wear signatures. The data offer new insights into the roles of apex predators like the grey wolf.

Effect of high pressure torsion on magnetic properties and corrosion resistance of MnBi/NdFeB composite magnets

The MnBi/NdFeB composite magnets have been fabricated by high pressure torsion (HPT). The effects of NdFeB content, torsional pressure and torsional degree on the microstructures, magnetic properties, and corrosion resistance of the MnBi/NdFeB composite magnets are systematically investigated. The results show that the remanent magnetization (Mr) of MnBi/NdFeB composite magnets increases with the Nd2Fe14B content. A peak value of the maximum energy product ((BH)max) = 5.61 MGOe is obtained while the Nd2Fe14B content is 75 wt%. Addition of MnBi increases the coercivity temperature coefficient and the density of MnBi/NdFeB composite magnets. The MnBi/NdFeB composite magnets prepared by HPT show perpendicular anisotropy, which can be explained by the (0kl) texture in the perpendicular direction observed by TEM. With the increase of degree of HPT, the intrinsic coercivity (Hcj) difference between perpendicular direction and parallel direction is more obvious, the (0kl) texture is enhanced by the degree of HPT. The first-order reversal curve (FORC) demonstrates that MnBi/NdFeB composite magnets exhibits weaker exchange coupling compared with pure MnBi magnet. Besides, a remarkably improvement in electrochemical stability for the MnBi/NdFeB composite magnet is achieved with the MnBi added.

Effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and recrystallization of an SLM nickel-based superalloy

Heat treatment is essential for selective laser melting (SLM) of nickel-based superalloys. However, the conventional solution heat treatment method of cast superalloys usually leads to serious recrystallization in the samples. The recrystallized grain boundaries under high-temperature conditions reduce the strength of the alloy, which hinders their widespread applications in aerospace. In this work, a nickel-based superalloy with high γ′ content fabricated by SLM was heat-treated at different solution temperatures. The microstructure of the alloy in different heat-treated states was also characterised. A sub-solvus heat treatment was proposed, which can effectively reduce residual stress and inhibit recrystallization. The microstructure showed that the dislocation density was significantly reduced and recrystallized after the solution heat treatment at 1285 ℃/2 h+1290 ℃/2 h+1295 ℃/4 h and 1250 ℃/0.5 h, and the proportion of recrystallization were 60.0 % and 42.9 %, respectively. However, after sub-solvus heat treatment at 1240 °C/0.5 h, the sample dislocation density decreased and the volume fraction of recrystallization (3.2 %) was slightly higher than that of the as-SLM sample (2.5 %). The sample maintained a strong cubic texture in the build direction. After sub-solvus + aging heat treatment, the microstructure maintained a columnar grain structure. The γ/γ′ interfacial dislocation networks and dislocations pile-up were the main dislocation configurations.

Molecular dynamics simulations into rolling scraping of nickel-copper bilayer film

In order to investigate the nanoscale friction mechanism and deformation behavior of nickel-copper bilayer film under rolling scraping, the effects of different factors during friction process such as the translation velocity, rotation velocity, radius of abrasive grain, contact depth, texture direction and crystallographic orientation are analyzed through molecular dynamics methods in terms of contact force, atomic lattice structure, internal substrate dislocation, kinetic energy and temperature. Results show that the contact force increases with the increase of the translation velocity or the decrease of the rotation velocity. Abrasive grains in a purely rolling state cause the most serious damage to the substrate. The contact force increases with the increase of contact depth or the decrease of abrasive grain radius. The crystallographic orientation has a significant effect on rolling scraping process and there is a crystallographic orientation with the minimum contact force. The degrees of substrate dislocation and the numbers of lattice reconstruction atoms under different factors and levels vary widely.