Direction Of Social Policy Research Articles

Зарубіжні тренди соціальної політики захисту ветеранів

Globalization and integration processes, implementation of international legal norms, unification of national legislation are current trends that exist not only in the legal field, but also shape the ideological attitude and worldview in general. The current state of external and internal factors for the Ukrainian state, in the transitional period of democratic principles formation, against the background of economic and political crisis, becomes prevalent in the choice of domestic and foreign policy courses. The state policy formation is closely linked to the main goals of citizens protecting realization from the legal and social side, ensuring the state’s security development and economic well-being, because the state is responsible for the standard of living of its citizens. Population social protection has always been a state concern, and the correct construction of social policy was certainly based on the choice of system and mechanisms of public administration and economic budget opportunities of the country. Social protection of veterans is one of the national tasks related to ensuring the security of the country, forming its ideological foundations, educating young people in respect for those who defend their homeland and honor. The study of the experience of foreign countries, the historical experience of Ukrainian statehood, speaks of the possibility of developing strategic directions of social policy in the best, most reasonable and least expensive way. That is why research in this direction is attracting more and more attention, both theorists and practitioners. The presented article examines the main systemic differences in the experience of social policy of foreign countries. The concept of “social policy”, conditions and factors of formation of the state social policy on protection of war veterans are analyzed by the comparative analysis. The study of national social policy trends allowed to substantiate the complexity of political mechanisms for managing the system of national social protection, to emphasize the differences in the construction of social protection in Ukraine and abroad.

Поддержка семьи с детьми-инвалидами как приоритетное направление социальной политики

the article presents the results of a sociological study of the authors, which contains an analysis of the characteristics of a family with a disabled child. The social characteristics of such a family, the dynamics of problems as the child grows, the needs for support from the state depending on the degree of disability of the child, his age, the family’s own resources, medical, social, financial needs, the state of health of the child and the capabilities of caring family members are revealed. Measures to support a family with a disabled child as a direction of social policy are proposed.

Музейное волонтерство как механизм культурной инклюзии

Today in Russia the formation of an equal opportunity society is an important direction of social policy, which corresponds to the processes taking place in the civilized world. The indicator of a new stage in the development of society is inclusion, suggesting the creation of conditions for a person’s participation in public life, regardless of his age, ethnicity or health status. The museum is an agent of social inclusion and of numerous positive changes in the field of culture. Volunteering can become an effective mechanism for providing emotional, psychological and other types of museum accessibility, as well as allowing people to actively participate in culture. The article summarizes the ways to attract and search for volunteers, using the example of people with limited mobility. Two main ways of building mutual relations between a museum, a volunteer and a visitor are considered. Based on the analysis of the implemented practices of primarily Russian museums, an assessment of sociocultural volunteering was carried out and conclusions were drawn about its prospects and general use.

The rights of elderly people and the social exclusion

The issue of the elderly people’s rights has been discussed more and more often in the broader context of human rights. There is much evidence from social life that these rights are not being respected to the extent they should be. Securing and respecting the rights of older the elderly is becoming a challenge for state authorities that uphold human rights and create the directions of social policy for the rights protection. It is especially important as the elderly people due to their age, health status, weakened social position, rarely become advocates of their own interests. They are victims of an unobvious and often invisible process of marginalization and self-exclusion from an active social life. The aim of this article is to sketch the phenomenon of the marginalization of the elderly in the context of mechanisms related to their functioning on the one hand, and age, and on the other to social attitudes towards seniors. There are presented the elderly people’s rights and basic conditions for the rights to be respected..

Determinants of Voluntary Compliance: COVID-19 Mitigation

During the pre-vaccine period, the success of containing the spread of COVID-19 depends upon how communities respond to non-pharmaceutical mitigation policies such as social distancing, wearing of masks, retail and dining constraints, crowd limitation, and shelter-in-place orders. Of these policies, shelter-in-place and social distancing are of central importance. By using county-level mobility data as a measure of a community’s voluntary compliance with social distancing policies, this study found that counties who received strong state social distancing policy directives and who had a high pro-social character showed lower mobility (better social distancing) after states reopened from shelter-in-place orders. Counties that experienced a longer duration of shelter-in-place orders showed higher mobility (less social distancing), implying that the duration of the shelter-in-place order deteriorated social distancing response after reopening. This may be because reopening sent a “safe” signal to these counties or resulted in a response to the pent-up demand inducing higher mobility. The results indicate that implementing shelter-in-place and social distancing policies to slow down the transmission of COVID-19 were not necessarily effective in motivating a county to reduce mobility voluntarily. A county’s pro-social character and the duration of shelter-in-place order should be considered when designing COVID-19 mitigation policies.

101 - THE APPLICATION OF MASS OBSERVATION DATA IN THE UNDERSTANDING OF AGEING, DEMENTIA AND END OF LIFE CARE

Personal Narratives of AgeingPersonal Narratives of Ageing: This paper presents personal narratives reflecting on the ageing process, and growing older in the UK.This presentation reflects on self-written narratives from 170 respondents to a mass observation directive, focusing on the experiences of growing older. Narrative methods are theoretically and methodologically diverse, and are helpful in social research to understand events or happenings in human lives. This data presents accounts from a heterogeneous sample in the form of self-penned responses. These experience-centred narratives bring stories of personal understanding into being by means of the first-person description of past, present, future or imaginary experiences of later life. This presentation will focus on the findings with reference to mental and physical and impacts, both real and anticipated to the ageing experience. We will also explore themes arising from the data including gender differences, age-cohort effects and stigma.The data should be utilised to inform Health and Social Care education and practice, particularly in co-producing appropriate person-centred services with older people.The Health Impact of Financial Fraud: ‘Scams’The Health Impact of financial fraud: This presentation will offer new and alternative insights into fraud and the health effects on older people, using data from the mass observation directive. The term utilised for such crimes in the UK is ‘Scam’.The paper reports data captured from a Mass Observation Project “Directive” focusing on ‘scams’ (see the UK definition of ‘scam’ below) and the impact on individuals. One hundred and forty-four ‘Observers’ responded to the ‘Directive’. Narratives indicate that victimisation to a scam may have negative impacts on individuals’ mental wellbeing, self-esteem, and relationships with others. Furthermore, data analysis identified that fear of victimisation can also affect individuals, resulting in worry, anxiety, and maladaptive coping strategies.Offering further understanding of the health impacts of ‘scams’ highlights the necessity to legitimise the issue as a public health concern.A scam is interpreted to be: a misleading or deceptive business practice where you receive an unsolicited or uninvited contact (for example by email, letter, phone or ad) and false promises are made to con you out of money (Office of Fair Trading 2006).Perceptions of DementiaPerceptions of Dementia: This paper (Exploring public perceptions and understanding of dementia: Analysing narratives from the Mass Observation Project, (Olsen et al 2019) presents a perspective on the public knowledge and understanding about dementia not previously considered, where respondents have written openly about their own experiences, and reflected on their perception of the wider public’s knowledge and understanding about dementia.This paper considers narratives of 143 respondents (“Observers”) to a Mass Observation Project Directive exploring individuals’ perceptions of dementia. Perceptions of dementia held by “Observers” with experience of dementia and those without differed sharply. “Observers” with experience of dementia offered insight into living with, and caring for, a person with dementia; including the impact this had on their lives and personal relationships. Whereas, “Observers” with no direct experience of dementia focused more on common disease symptoms, such as memory loss and reflected idealised views of care. “Observers” often feared being diagnosed with dementia themselves. This suggests education to facilitate care planning and ameliorate fears held by the public is required.Previously, perceptions of dementia have been captured utilising traditional research methods and samples drawn mainly from professionals. This new approach identifies public understanding of dementia, highlighting areas concern, and supplements the existing UKOlsen, V., Taylor, L., Whitely, K., Ellerton, A., Kingston, P. & Bailey, J. Exploring public perceptions and understanding of dementia: Analysing narratives from the Mass Observation Project. Dementia: The International Journal of Social Research and Practice.https://doi.org/10.1177/1471301219861468.End of life careThis paper considers narratives from two Mass Observation Directives exploring individuals’ perceptions of dementia (n=143) and personal narratives of ageing (n=170). ‘End of Life Care’ has, in a UK context, focused on care and support for individuals in the last months or years of their life. Care planning and management of this stage in the life course usually incorporates symptom management and emotional support for the individual, the family and carers. Whilst patient choice, involvement and co-production of the care plan is widely advocated to promote a dignified death, responses to the mass observation directives also reflect the need to revisit the options for individuals with a diagnosis of dementia and other life limiting illness. There was, in particular, a renewed call to return to the ‘euthanasia’ debate and to encourage discussion and end of life decisions to be undertaken earlier in the life course, prior to any diagnosis of a life limiting illness. As people’s attitudes and behaviours towards end of life care planning change, it is imperative to ascertain current perspectives to inform and guide future direction of social policy and services.

Early detection of social neglect in economically disadvantaged families as a direction of family policy

One of the directions of social policy is to improve the situation of children and families with children. The main objectives of family policy are related to improving the well-being of the family. In this regard, it becomes obvious that there is a need to develop a system of measures for early identification of families in crisis.

Gender inequality

The article deals with gender inequality in the economic, political and social spheres of Ukraine and the key reasons for gender imbalance in the observation and realization of gender rights. The topicality of the article is predetermined by the necessity of the systemic solution to the problem of gender equality in Ukraine that is declared in the country’s constitution as the pivotal principle of safeguarding legal rights and freedoms of people in a democratic state.The authors have made an analysis of the Ukrainian norms and laws in force as well as some ratified international treaties in the sphere of gender equality insurance. The current state of realization of the main directions of social policy of Ukraine in the sphere of gender equality has been determined on the basis of the World Economic Forum and in particular the analysis of the index of gender discrepancy in certain spheres of human activity as well as the gender monitoring of the representation of candidates in the special election of people’s deputies of Ukraine in 2014 and 2019. The impact of gender discrimination against women on the social economic development of the world countries and their national wealth level has been considered.The study has allowed revealing a positive tendency in the realization of women’s right to participate and be represented in the economic and political spheres of Ukrainian activity and offering further necessary state measures in the social policy pertaining to the eradication of gender asymmetry in the Ukrainian society. The need of redirecting the government gender policy to more effective measures for overcoming gender inequality, gender segregation and multiple forms of discrimination against women under the conditions of the severe economic, political and social upheavals in Ukraine has been pointed to. The authors have come to the conclusion that the development of the political and juridical concept of eradication of gender discrimination against women in Ukraine is the pledge of sustainable development of the Ukrainian society which in its turn is a necessary condition for forming a competitive human capital of the country that has chosen the Eurointergation foreign policy course.

The Concept of ‘Worker’ in the Free Movement of Workers and the Social Policy Directives: Perspectives from the Case Law of the Court of Justice

The Concept of worker is the gateway to the access to the protection of labour and social security law. The Court of Justice of the European Union first defined this concept in the field of the Free Movement of Workers in the Lawrie-Blum case. The scope of this article is to compare the definitions used by the Court in the fields of the free movement of workers and in the Social Policy Directives, in order to ascertain to which extent they can differ. Our in-depth analysis of the case law offers a nuanced picture. On one hand, it highlights that the Court tries to extend the application of the Lawrie-Blum formula to Directives which do not refer back to the national definitions of a worker, but that specificities remain in this area, like the emphasis on the link of subordination. On the other hand, for Directives referring to a national concept of workers, the Court began recently to state that, even if the competence of the Member States on this question must be acknowledged, it is not limitless.

Role of the institutions of provincial government in resolving social problems of the population of the Belarusian provinces (1861–1914)

The article describes the structure and powers of the provincial government in the implementation of the main directions of state social policy. It was noted that on theterritoryofBelarusthey played a major role in solving the social problems of the population due to the lack of zemstvos. The outdated legal framework and the lack of a clear division of functions hampered their effectiveness.In the mid 1880s regulatory committees were established in the structure of the provincial institutions. On the territory of the Belarusian provinces they played an important role in the implementation of social policy, as they controlled the financing of the rural­medical part and partly public charity. However, the experience of the activities of the regulatory committees was unsatisfactory. In this regard, at the end of the XIX century the Interior Ministry proposed to eliminate them, as well as to abolish the provincial food commissions and departments of public charity. It was planned to transfer their functions to the zemstvos. This proposal was implemented partially, as a result of the introduction of the institutions of local economy in theVitebsk,MinskandMogilevprovinces in 1903.At the end of the XIX century in the structure of the provincial administration ofBelaruswere created the offices which were entrusted with the functions of monitoring compliance with the workers’ legislation, and then the insurance of workers. They were formed under the influence of new social demands. These offices corresponded to new social and economic conditions, in contrast to the provincial institutions, which managed public charity, national food and health care.

Social Policy Directions Ensuring Revival of Economic Growth in Russia

Based on the results of scientific research, the article formulates proposals on areas of social policy until 2025, alternative to those adopted and implemented at the government level. Their essence is to justify the urgent need to increase social spending, increase wages, pensions and benefits on a much larger scale than anticipated in the forecasting and national projects of government structures for 2020–2022.

The Role of the Leading Party in Solving Social Policy Issues

the subject of our work is the social policy of the United Russia party. The purpose of the research is to study the role of the leading United Russia party in solving social policy issues in the Russian Federation. The research methods used were institutional and system methods, methods of political and legal analysis, analysis of statistical materials, and study of documents. The result of the work is an analysis of the directions of social policy of the United Russia party and the results of its implementation in certain areas (“United country – accessible environment”, “Strong family”, “Older generation”). The scope of application of the research results extends to the possibility of their use in the development of conceptual documents of the party, the formation of reports on its activities, the creation of an election program for the next elections to the State Duma of the Russian Federation. The novelty of the research is determined by the fact that until now, the analysis of the social policy of the United Russia party has not been carried out over the past few years. As a result of the research, conclusions were made about the role of the party in the implementation of social programs of the government of the Russian Federation.

АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

REPRODUCTIVE AND PERINATAL RISKS IN WOMEN WITH AUTOIMMUNE THYREOIDITIS

Preservation and promotion of health, prevention of morbidity in Uzbekistan is the most important strategic direction of the state's social policy, the age structure of which is steadily shifting towards aging, which invariably leads to a decrease in the number of children and people of fertile age.Among the most common endocrine pathologies is the pathology of the thyroid system.

Britain and Brexit: A forecast of the future of employment protection during corporate insolvency

AbstractBrexit has produced a lot of uncertainties in the UK, not the least of which are the future of protections that have been derived from EU social policy Directives. Arguably, the UK's membership in the EU has pushed it further into a socially liberal and protective framework that it might not have adopted had it remained outside of the EU's sphere of influence. The question now is what direction the UK will take with regard to both the rescue culture and the social protections, both of which have been highly influenced by EU law and policy. The UK has ever been the “odd man out” in the EU, springing as it does from a significantly different legal origin than the Franco/German model at the heart of the EU. Examining the developmental path of other common law jurisdictions (America, Canada, and Australia) whose legal systems are derived from the British may be instructive in relation to the direction the UK might have taken had it not joined the EU, with a particular focus on the employment protections derived from the EU which are often applicable during insolvency and rescue procedures. An analysis of this counterfactual position may then also provide a clue or forecast as to the direction that the UK may take following Brexit.

Процесс формирования доступной среды для лиц с ОВЗ и инвалидностью как приоритетное направление социальной политики: социологический анализ

The paper presents the concept of an accessible environment, the special legislative framework in the sphere of creating a barrier-free environment for people with disabilities and health limitations is re-flected. The authors considered the process of form-ing an accessible environment as a priority direction of social policy, the results of sociological research conducted by the methods of questionnaire survey and expert survey by interview method are repre-sented. On the example of a specific city it analysed the availability of objects and services for disabled persons in the priority areas of activity such as transport and housing, employment, culture and information. The state of the available environment at the current stage is also reflected. The basic prob-lems of its formation are identified, the priority tasks that require special attention and recommendations for their solution are formulated.

Revenue policy features as an important direction of social policy

The main provisions, essence and content of the revenue policy as a key part of the social policy of the state have been considered in the article. The author rightly notes, that the income policy is aimed at solving such important tasks as helping vulnerable groups of the population by resorting to the use of the social security system and leveling the inflationary processes that affect the income and savings of citizens. Various models of social regulation have been adduced, including the “Scandinavian” or “Swedish” model, monetarist, paternalistic, and others. The study have used various general scientific research methods: observation method, the systemic-functional method, method of synthesis and analysis, method of scientific abstraction.The main directions of improving the implementation of the state social policy, which is presented as a voluminous, multi-faceted process that has a complex structure and intersects with many other areas of state activity, have been proposed. The conclusion has been formulated, that society does not exist by itself, so the social sphere is in constant interaction with other spheres, such as production of material goods, politics, culture and the environment. It has been noted, that social policy is recognized as effective when the entire social sphere is at a high level, and the society clearly shows a positive response to the actions of the state. Thus, the broader is such a policy, the greater is the completeness of the covered areas, both explicit (the fight against poverty, social protection, etc.) and implicit (relations between social groups, motivation in society, etc.), the more effective is the overall functioning of the state as a whole.

Research of Problems of Social Protection of People with Disabilities in Ukraine

The article examines the features of the functioning of the system of social protection of persons with disabilities in Ukraine. The basic normative-legal bases of realization of the corresponding direction of social policy and a modern condition of its financing are considered. The possibility of changing the practice of compensatory costs for the policy of promoting the employment of persons with disabilities has been identified. The analysis of actual problems of social protection of invalids in Ukraine is carried out and their reasons are revealed. It is emphasized that now it is expedient to improve the legal regulation of this type of social protection, and one of the important factors in achieving this goal is the normative consolidation of state social assistance to these categories of persons, its financing and timely payment. The subjects of policy implementation in this area have been identified. Ways to overcome problems at the level of different actors are suggested.

«Хозяева увечного дела»: становление системы помощи военным инвалидам в Российской империи в годы Первой мировой войны

We describe emerged in the Russian Empire an organizational basis of support for the First World War invalids. The policy of charity for military invalids generated with the participation of official, public and charitable elements. We reveal the complex relationship between the main actors in this process – one of the “crown” charity committees (Special Commission of Grand Duchess Xenia Alexandrovna), the Central bodies of the County Union and the Union of Cities, and local self-government. Using archival materials, the main guidelines for creating a war-mutilated charity system are identified. We determine the leading approaches to the architecture of the state and public system of support to former military personnel who have lost their working ability. In addition, we discuss in details the topic of war-mutilated registration, which was sup-posed to be the first stage of building a national system of care for war invalids, but it was never carried out. We also focus on the financial aspects of supporting military invalids. We conclude that the system for the war-mutilated charity could have become the first fully implemented direction of state social policy in Russian history, but it failed to realize its potential due to political contradictions between the official government and liberal associations.

Національне щастя та державна політика щодо його формування

The publication explores the problem of happiness as a common, universal indicator of socio-economic development. The factors influencing the subjective, individual estimation of happiness are defined. The relationship between the level of happiness and the pace of economic growth is characterized. A relatively new direction of economic theory – the economics of happiness – is considered; the object and subject matter of its research are determined; the main issues that fall into account of the scholars working within terms of this direction are listed. A number of experimental studies on happiness were considered, which used primarily psychological methodology and relied on the results of mass opinion polls in different regions of the world. The global happiness index (The Happy Planet Index) and the World Happiness Report are paid the major attention. The methodology for carrying out these studies is described. The leaders of these ratings are identified according to the data for 2019 and 2020. Ukraine’s place in these ratings is determined. The need to clarify the links between the objective indicator of economic well-being (GDP per capita) and subjective estimates by the population is substantiated. The essence, purpose, main tasks and directions of the State policy on the formation of happiness are considered. The main components and priorities of the State policy in this context are characterized. It is concluded that the main goal of the State policy focused on achieving happiness is to create conditions under which timely, complete and qualitative satisfaction of various needs of both the lower and the higher levels is possible for the population, i.e. ensuring material and spiritual satisfaction with life. It is specified that traditional objective indicators of economic well-being retain their importance when assessing the level of socio-economic development of a certain country, however, they are not sufficient to have the problem fully studied, and it is necessary to take into account subjective assessments of the population. These subjective indicators are necessary because they allow a better choice of the right directions of economic and social policy.