Continuation-passing Research Articles

Subjective experiences of an acceptance and mindfulness-based group intervention (Feel-Good-Group) in young people with early psychosis.

Mindfulness-based interventions are promising psychological treatment approaches that may have more substantial long-lasting intervention effects than cognitive behavioral therapy when treating individuals with early psychosis. A pilot study analyzed mindfulness-based inpatient group therapy's feasibility and potential efficacy (Feel-Good). This paper explores the subjective experiences of participants in the Feel-Good inpatient therapy group to gain insight into the possible changes brought about by the mindfulness-based intervention. A semi-structured change interview was used to examine the experience of ten participants who participated in the Feel-Good intervention and the additional qualitative assessment. The interviews were conducted 16 weeks after the Feel-Good group ended (16-week Follow-Up). Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis. The analysis generated five themes-one about personal changes brought about by the Feel-Good group, three about the group therapy experience, and one about wishes/modification suggestions to change and improve the Feel-Good group. The findings suggested that the Feel-Good group was perceived as very helpful, leading to numerous changes in one's overall well-being and relation to emotions. However, patients recommended a more directive therapeutic style and reduced time required for study assessments. Gathering qualitative insight from participants on the Feel-Good intervention revealed meaningful insight into patients' experience of change processes. In addition, participant suggestions help to improve the intervention and study design to increase therapy attendance rates and treatment satisfaction, potentially increasing treatment effectiveness in the future. ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT04592042.

Relationship between leadership style and committee effectiveness in secondary schools

This study explores how leadership styles, particularly the principal’s approach, influence organisational effectiveness in secondary schools, arguing that structured and supportive leadership fosters committee effectiveness, while laissez-faire or free-reign leadership may undermine collaboration, motivation, and decision-making, ultimately impacting school performance. A quantitative descriptive research design approach was employed. The study used a multistage sampling technique to select 313 participants from secondary schools in Zamfara State, Nigeria. The data collected was analysed using percentage and linear multiple regression analysis to test the hypotheses formulated at a 0.05 significance level. It was found that leadership styles (participatory and free-reign) had a significant negative relationship with the committee system effectiveness, while directive leadership style and committee system effectiveness did not have a significant relationship. Policymakers and educational authorities should address the resource constraints that limit the availability of welfare and feeding committees. School leaders should also adopt balanced management styles that incorporate clear directives and controls while allowing some level of participation and flexibility to foster a positive and effective committee system.

On the Operational Theory of the CPS-Calculus: Towards a Theoretical Foundation for IRs

The continuation-passing style translation often employed by compilers gives rise to a class of intermediate representation languages where functions are not allowed to return anymore. Though the primary use of these intermediate representation languages is to expose details about a program's control flow, they may be equipped with an equational theory in order to be seen as specialized calculi, which in turn may be related to the original languages by means of a factorization theorem. In this paper, we explore Thielecke's CPS-calculus, a small theory of continuations inspired by compiler implementations, and study its metatheory. We extend it with a sound reduction semantics that faithfully represents optimization rules used in actual compilers, and prove that it acts as a suitable theoretical foundation for the intermediate representation of Appel's and Kennedy's compilers by following the guidelines set out by Plotkin. Finally, we prove that the CPS-calculus is strongly normalizing in the simply typed setting by using a novel proof method for reasoning about reducibility at a distance, from which logical consistency follows. Taken together, these results close a gap in the existing literature, providing a formal theory for reasoning about intermediate representations.

Automated Verification of Higher-Order Probabilistic Programs via a Dependent Refinement Type System

Verification of higher-order probabilistic programs is a challenging problem. We present a verification method that supports several quantitative properties of higher-order probabilistic programs. Usually, extending verification methods to handle the quantitative aspects of probabilistic programs often entails extensive modifications to existing tools, reducing compatibility with advanced techniques developed for qualitative verification. In contrast, our approach necessitates only small amounts of modification, facilitating the reuse of existing techniques and implementations. On the theoretical side, we propose a dependent refinement type system for a generalised higher-order fixed point logic (HFL). Combined with continuation-passing style encodings of properties into HFL, our dependent refinement type system enables reasoning about several quantitative properties, including weakest pre-expectations, expected costs, moments of cost, and conditional weakest pre-expectations for higher-order probabilistic programs with continuous distributions and conditioning. The soundness of our approach is proved in a general setting using a framework of categorical semantics so that we don’t have to repeat similar proofs for each individual problem. On the empirical side, we implement a type checker for our dependent refinement type system that reduces the problem of type checking to constraint solving. We introduce admissible predicate variables and integrable predicate variables to constrained Horn clauses (CHC) so that we can soundly reason about the least fixed points and samplings from probability distributions. Our implementation demonstrates that existing CHC solvers developed for non-probabilistic programs can be extended to a solver for the extended CHC with only small efforts. We also demonstrate the ability of our type checker to verify various concrete examples.

The sound of war: A comparison between Apocalypse Now (1979) and Farha (2021)

For a long time, filmmakers have used war movies as a potent tool for probing the human condition, the results of battle, and the psychological effects of war on individuals and communities. While Apocalypse Now (1979) by Francis Ford Coppola and Farha (2021) by the contemporary director Darin Sallam both explore the raw reality of battle, they were made decades apart. In this comparison, we will look at how both movies use sound to express the fright and tragedy of battle. This study examines the political context, setting, style of music, style of direction, and conclusion of two war films and finds many points of similarity between them. The argument made in this report is that regardless of the historical and contextual distinctions between the Vietnam War and the Palestinian Nakba, Apocalypse Now and Farha successfully portray the experiences of people and the long-lasting effects of war, surpassing the particular actual incidents they present.

Effective Leadership Achieves Organizational Goals in Indonesia

This study examines the crucial role of leadership in achieving organizational goals at the Food and Agriculture Office of Sidoarjo Regency. Using a qualitative descriptive method, data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, and analyzed using the Interactive Data Model by Miles, Huberman, and Saldana. Findings show that effective leadership—particularly directive, participative, and supportive styles—significantly contributes to achieving organizational goals by providing direction, guidance, and support, involving subordinates in decision-making, and recognizing their performance. This research highlights the importance of appropriate leadership practices in enhancing organizational performance. Highlight: Leadership styles boost organizational performance: directive, participative, supportive. Data collected through observation, interviews, documentation; analyzed interactively. Leaders guide, support, involve in decisions, recognize performance. Keywoard: Leadership, Organizational Goals, Qualitative Research, Sidoarjo Regency, Food and Agriculture Office

Seismic Performance Analysis of Endo Indonesia Office Surabaya Building Structures Against Structural Irregularities

The structure of the building will be stable if the response of the structure is able to ignore the static and dynamic loads. The behavioral stability of the building structure is also influenced by geometry, configuration of horizontal and vertical elements, rigidity, lateral ability, and daktility of the structure. (Khanal Chaulagain, 2020). When the structure configuration of the building is irregular, there will be eccentricity which means that the center of the mass is incorrectly at the centre of rigidity (Faisal Darsono, 2019). If such conditions are not anticipated, the structure will be tortured until it eventually collapses. (Naveen dkk., 2019). In Surabaya there are office buildings that have irregular structures. This research will model the structure of the building into five variations. Each variation has a reduction in the value of structural irregularity. Next, we will examine the impact of structural irregularities on the reaction of structures of buildings. The results of the analysis showed that the irregularity of the inner angle had a significant impact on the shift of the roof, with the R-square of 0.9025 in the X axis and 0.9872 in the Y axis. Furthermore, based on the value of the soft level rigidity to the earthquake style at each level, R-quares of 0.8433 were found at the X-axis, and 0.825 at the Y-axe. Furthermore, changes in the inner angle of variations 2, 3, 4, and 5 resulted in successive increases in the mass of the structure by 0.18%, 4.09%, 7.86%, and 0.43%. These increases result in an increase in the basic sliding style in both directions. The variation 5 building designed without an inner angle showed an increase of 0.46% in the base sling style in either direction. Movement targets based on ASCE 41-13 NSP are 321.903 mm and 308.497 mm for the X and Y directions, respectively, which are in the Life Safety and Immediate Occupancy categories. While the total maximum drift values based on ATC-40 for the x and y directions are 0.0148 and 0.0150. The performance of the existing building structure is between B to C on the level of damage control (Immediate Occupancy to Life Safety), which means the building has suffered minor non-structural damage and may suffer structural damage but can still be repaired.

The impact of different game formats on players’ and team performance in youth soccer competitions

The study aimed to investigate the impact of game formats on the running and technical–tactical performance of young soccer players, as well as on players’ dynamics of spatial occupation during competitions. Eleven players of a U-11 team (11.10 ± 0.39 years old) participated in three competitions specifically designed to analyze the impact of different game formats: 5vs5 (F-5), 7vs7 (F-7) and 11vs11 (F-11). Players’ running performance and dynamics of spatial occupation were analyzed using the GPSs devices from WIMU PRO™ devices (10 Hz). Players’ and team's technical–tactical performance was also analyzed using the Team Sports Assessment Procedure (TSAP) and the Offensive Sequence Characterization System (SCSO), respectively. It was observed that the teams tended to adopt a less direct style in the F-11 ( LpW: F7 vs. F-11 p = 0.001 and F-5 vs. F-11 p = 0.002), with a lower rate of spatial exploration (F-7 vs. F-11 p = 0.001 and &&F-5 vs. F-11 p = 0.001) and lower running demand ( Sprint: F-7 vs. F-11 p = 0.001 and F-5 vs. F-11 p = 0.014; HSR: F-7 vs. F-11 p = 0.001 and F-5 vs. F-11 p = .001). In addition, the F-11 allowed the players to have less involvement during the match (F-7 vs. F-11 p = 0.003; F-5 vs. F-11 p = 0.001), as well as a lower technical–tactical performance (F-7 vs. F-11 p = .003 and F-5 vs. F-11 p = .005). Our results highlight the importance of adjusting the game formats used in youth competitive environments to players’ intrinsic dynamics.

Implementation of leadership style to improve the quality of health services in hospitals: Literature review

Hospitals are health care institutions or agencies that organize comprehensive individual health services by providing inpatient, outpatient, and emergency services. The organization of the hospital is expected to provide affordable, quality health services, and optimal results to obtain high quality health service results. Achieving good hospital service quality can be achieved through good team performance as well. In the preparation of good team performance, it is necessary to choose the right leadership style in an organization. The organization in achieving its goals requires the function and role of the leader. The purpose of this study was to identify the implementation of leadership styles that can improve the quality of health services in hospitals. The method of research in this study is a qualitative research design with a literature study. Articles were searched through three data sources, namely PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar using the keywords "leadership style" AND "hospital quality". The articles used were published in the last five years, from 2019 to 2023. The study was limited to quantitative and qualitative research methods, but there were no restrictions on specific regions or countries. The results of the study found that the leadership style used can improve the quality of health services in hospitals. The quality of human resource performance is one of the main factors in improving the quality of service in hospitals. There are many leadership styles implemented in hospitals, including democratic, transformational, transactional, authentic, and directive leadership styles. The application of leadership styles must be adjusted to the conditions of the team members.

Exploring collaboration reasons and leadership styles in Dutch primary oral healthcare practices

AimsTo outline the extent to which practice owners in Dutch oral healthcare practices (OHPs) use a directive and supportive leadership styles, to map out which goals practice owners in Dutch OHPs consider most important when choosing collaboration within the practice and to identify the reasons why oral healthcare professionals choose to engage in collaborative practice.Materials and methodsA survey involving 802 general dental practitioners, dental hygienists, and prevention assistants was conducted. The questionnaire covered, among other subjects, leadership styles and reasons for collaboration. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, one-way ANOVA, linear regression, and logistic regression.ResultsCompared to employees, practice owners ascribe to themselves more characteristics of both directive and supportive leadership. The most frequently mentioned reasons for choosing a practice form that involves collaboration were the possibilities to provide the best care and the desire to focus on prevention. Healthcare providers chose to work in a collaborative practice for several reasons, which were associated with profession, age and gender.ConclusionsThe degree of directive and supportive leadership among practice owners in dental care practices in the Netherlands showed a strong correlation. The most frequently mentioned reasons for choosing collaboration were related to healthcare content.

Supervision Models and Supervisory Feedback in English Language Teacher Education: A Meta-Synthesis Study Adopting a Discourse Analytic Perspective

This meta-synthesis reviewed and synthesized the findings of 53 studies on supervisory post-conferences and feedback with a total of 807 participants published between 2004-2023. The aim of this meta-synthesis was to illustrate the trends in the reviewed studies and synthesize the results of the studies on supervisory discourse and models of supervision in the field of English language teaching. The criteria for eligibility for selection were being empirical, peer-reviewed, and published in English. Articles were scanned through the Web of Science, ERIC, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar till July, 2023. The studies lacking a report of detailed and clear-cut data collection and analysis phases were removed in the appraisal phase to avoid a risk of bias. The results indicated that supervisors implemented directive supervisory styles as well as collaborative approaches exploiting power dynamics such as expert power. The findings also showed that the use of conversational techniques such as mediation, mitigators, and elicitation in supervisory talk play a central role in supervising English language teachers. The results suggested that supervised teachers demonstrated confronting, autonomous, and fluid identities when faced with a directive style of supervision. The limitations of evidence for this study related the search strategy, participants and variations in educational settings.

How to win in FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022? A study on the configurations of technical and tactical indicators based on fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis.

The FIFA World Cup, which represents the highest level in football, is regarded as a showcase to unfold the development trends of modern football, thus arousing great interest among researchers. However, most of the previous research designs studied the simple linear correlation between technical indicators and game outcomes, which may overlook the complex causalities in football performance. The aim of current study was to introduce a new method to examine winning patterns emerging from Qatar 2022 through a configurational lens. To this end, fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) was conducted using 98 samples (n = 98) out of 49 Qatar 2022 matches discriminating winning and losing teams in regular time (group stage) and in 30 min of extra time (knockout stage). Then, we selected seven variables as our causal conditions, namely, shots on target, possession, defensive line breaks, crosses, receptions in the final third, forced turnovers, and direct pressures. Necessity analysis and sufficiency analysis of configurations were conducted according to fsQCA requirements. The fsQCA operation showed that no individual causal condition is necessary to winning a game and four configurations were derived from the QCA results and these combinations of conditions fall into three typologies of play style: a possession play style, direct play style, and all-round play style. The results confirmed the fact that football is a complex system and suggested that a winning outcome is often produced by combinations of multiple factors. The findings of the current study contribute to the literature by introducing the configurations of various technical and tactical indicators that could raise the possibility of winning and can be used by practitioners working within the fields of player development, coaching, and match preparation.

Interpreters’ choice of style in interpreted lawyer-client interviews: An ethnographic approach

While professional interpreters are trained to interpret in direct speech style, using the “direct interpreting approach” (Hale 2007), studies show that some interpreters deviate from this style, with implications for their role performance. Few of these studies, however, have examined the interpreters’ style choice in relation to their professional qualifications and ethics. Drawing on data from an ethnographic investigation of interpreted lawyer-client interviews in Australia, this study explores interpreters’ choice of interpreting style in line with their professional qualifications, the reasons behind their choice and the implications for their role performance. It found that trained interpreters used direct speech consistently and understood the rationale behind this ethical requirement. Untrained interpreters either ignored this norm or had difficulty adhering to direct speech style and its associated interpreting approach in a consistent manner. They shifted to reported speech on various occasions to achieve different communication purposes, some of which indicate their assumption of roles not stipulated in their professional ethics. The untrained interpreters’ lack of compliance with the normative practice relates to their inadequate understanding of some aspects of the interpreter’s ethical role.

Safe behavior based on safety leadership factors and leadership style

Background: Statistical data on work accidents in West Java based on data from the Employment Social Security Administrative Agency in 2020, there were 35,291 work accident cases. However, companies in Indonesia, specifically in Bandung, West Java, namely PT. X Indonesia, based on data from 2018 to 2021, there will be no work accidents resulting in loss of working days or working hours. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between safety leadership and leadership style with safe behavior. Material and methods: This type of research is analytically observational, with a quantitative approach, and a cross-sectional design. The population of this research is production workers. The sampling technique used a total sampling technique with a sample of 44 people. The data analysis used is chi-square. Result: The results showed that the variables related to safe behavior were educational level (p-value = 0.008), safety concern (p-value = 0.000), and directive leadership style (p-value = 0.041). Variables that are not related are age, gender, years of service, safety motivation, and leadership style (participatory, achievement-oriented, and supportive). Conclusion: There is a relationship between education level, safety concern, and directive leadership style with workers' safe behavior.

The Influence of Leadership Style and Work Motivation on Employee Performance with Job Satisfaction as an Intervening Variable (Study at Prima SR Hotel & Convention Yogyakarta)

Leadership style, motivation and job satisfaction are part of the factors which affects performance. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect leadership style and motivation on performance through job satisfaction as an intervening variable. This research is also intended to determine the effect of style leadership and motivation on performance through job satisfaction as a variable intervene directly and indirectly. This research is done to 50 employee respondents of Prima SR Hotel & Convention Yogyakarta. Method the research used is a quantitative method using statistical and descriptive analysis. The results of this study are (1) There is an influence of leadership style significant positive effect on job satisfaction. (2) there is a stylistic influence leadership has a significant positive effect on performance. (3) there is influence positive and significant work motivation on job satisfaction. (4) there is influence positive and significant work motivation on performance. (5) there is an influence positive and significant job satisfaction on performance. (6) the influence is not direct leadership style on employee performance through job satisfaction greater than the direct influence of leadership style on performance employees (7) the direct effect of motivation on employee performance is greater rather than the indirect influence of motivation on employee performance through job satisfaction.

Rola szkolnego opiekuna praktyk w świetle analizy rozmów pohospitacyjnych z przyszłymi nauczycielami języka francuskiego

The practicum is an important part of the training of prospective foreign language teachers. The reflections proposed in this article deal with the assumptions of mentoring when confronted with its practical implementation, with a particular focus on learning through mentoring dialogues. The text provides an overview of the main models of mentoring in order to show the complexity of the tasks faced by the mentor teacher. Characteristics of the mentoring dialogue are also presented. This theoretical base is referred to in the study, which consisted of a qualitative analysis of mentoring dialogues and comments made afterwards by prospective teachers of French as a foreign language. The aim of the study was to identify the supervisory style, dialogue activity and mentoring roles performed by the mentor teachers. The analysis was also intended to show what kind of mentoring behavior is expected by the pre-service students. The findings show that the majority of mentor teachers dominate the conversation and prefer a directive supervisory style, which seems to meet the trainees’ expectations and needs. The pre-service students emphasize the importance of mentoring dialogues as a learning opportunity, and appreciate constructive criticism, positive reinforcement and concrete guidance on how to teach. The implication of the findings is discussed at the end.

The Impact of Leadership Styles Among UAE Municipalities Employees

Purpose: This research examines the impact of four leadership behavior styles; directive, supportive, participative, and achievement-oriented. These four leadership behavior styles are retrieved from the Path goal theory, which considers the employee motivation determinants by the expectancy theory. Design/methodology/approach: The association between the leadership styles and behaviors suggested by the Path goal theory with employee motivation lacks the role of the entrepreneurial mindset factor, which stands on the thinking that enables the employee to overcome challenges, be decisive, and accept responsibility. This research tests the mediation effect of the entrepreneurial mindset factor to fill this gap and contributes significantly to the knowledge of leadership behavior styles. The study also validates the proposed conceptual framework using structural equations modeling, then uses smart PLS with the data collected from 341 employees from the UAE municipalities to test the constructed hypotheses of this research. Findings: The finding of this research revealed a positive and significant relationship between achievement-oriented style and employee motivation in the municipalities of the UAE, a positive and significant relationship between entrepreneurial mindset and employee motivation in the municipalities of the UAE, a positive and significant relationship between participative style and employee motivation in the municipalities of the UAE and positive and significant relationship between supportive style and employee motivation in the municipalities of the UAE. The mediation effect of the entrepreneurial mindset factor, there was a mediation of entrepreneurial mindset for the relationship between directive style and employee motivation. There is no mediation of entrepreneurial mindset for the relationship between achievement-oriented style and employee motivation, no mediation of entrepreneurial mindset for the relationship between participative style and employee motivation, and no mediation of entrepreneurial mindset for the relationship between supportive style and employee motivation. Research limitations/implications: The employees must be appreciated verbally or in writing for their activities in the municipalities to increase their powers and responsibilities and to provide training and career development opportunities. These are the primary leadership motivational factors that provide employees with psychological and social support rather than economic benefit. It can be stated that psycho-social motivation ties employees more. The findings can assist managers in determining which type of leadership style is most suitable in terms of outcomes, as well as how they can adjust their leadership styles to make them more successful and result-oriented. Originality/value: This research can be the first local empirical research to evaluate the organization's performance relationship between leadership behavior styles and the UAE municipality employees' motivation through an entrepreneurial mindset.

Family Communication Literacy Education and Social Marketing in Health Center West Java Indonesia

The present study reports study after pandemic era for family communication literacy and social marketing activities carried out by cadres in promoting the Kenanga Depok posyandu program, in West Java, Indonesia. Posyandu which is a form of Community-Based Health Efforts is managed and organized by, for, and with the community. In the context of carrying out health development, by empowering the community and providing opportunities for the community to receive basic health services. It has a goal to reduce maternal and child mortality. Becomes interesting to describe the social marketing activities of posyandu cadres as the spearhead of the national health program. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method and data collection techniques in the form of in-depth interviews. Theories used in this study include health communication theory and social marketing. Meanwhile, secondary data was obtained from posyandu documents and research notes during field observations. The results of this study indicate that posyandu cadres use health promotion strategies that are persuasive, educative, and innovative. This persuasive effort is shown through the intensive mentoring strategies and direct socialization styles according to the target context. Posyandu cadres also involve experts from the puskesmas and the community to play an active role in improving the quality of the posyandu program in their environment. As for the educational aspect, it is shown by the efforts of posyandu cadres which lead to the empowerment of posyandu participants in paying attention to the growth and development of children. The conclusion is that the posyandu program carried out by the cadres is in accordance with real conditions to create changes in the behavior of the posyandu participating community through communication literacy education activities in the family and social marketing that are persuasive, educative, and innovative.

Influence of Path-Goal Theory of Leadership Styles and the Moderating Role of Task Structure in Leadership on Teachers’ Satisfaction, Motivation, and Performance

This study investigated the influence of path-goal theory of leadership styles and the moderating role of task structure in leadership on teachers' satisfaction, motivation, and performance in the Division of San Pablo City public secondary schools. The research design adopted for this study was a descriptive-correlational study involving survey questionnaires administered to 579 junior high school teachers across 13 public secondary schools. Data analysis utilized mean, standard deviation, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis. Findings indicate that teachers perceived their school heads as demonstrating directive, supportive, participative, and achievement-oriented leadership styles. Task structure in leadership was generally perceived favorably. Teachers exhibited moderate job satisfaction, positive work motivation, and very satisfactory performance across various domains. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive relationships between path-goal theory of leadership styles, work motivation, and teachers' performance. However, no significant relationship was found between leadership styles, task structure in leadership, and job satisfaction. Task structure in leadership showed a weak negative correlation with job satisfaction and a moderate negative correlation with aspects of work motivation but no significant relationship with teachers' performance. Regression analysis demonstrated that path-goal theory of leadership styles directly influenced work motivation and teachers' performance, while job satisfaction had a strong baseline level independent of leadership styles. Task structure in leadership moderated the relationship between leadership styles, job satisfaction, and teachers' performance but did not moderate work motivation. This study contributes to understanding leadership practices that positively influence teachers' motivation and performance, offering implications for enhancing school leadership and improving educational quality.

The strategic fit between strategic purchasing and purchasing involvement: the moderating role of leadership styles

PurposeThe aim of this study is to investigate and examine the impact of strategic purchasing practices (SPP) on strategic-fit (SF) by analyzing the influence of SPP on purchasing involvement in business strategy formulation with path-goal theory leadership styles as moderators.Design/methodology/approachUsing survey data from 320 respondents representing 64 manufacturing firms in the Middle East, the authors measure SPP, purchasing involvement, leadership styles and SF of the purchasing function with business strategy.FindingsBuilding on the path-goal approach to leadership, results suggest that participative, supportive and achievement-oriented leadership (AOL) styles are pure moderators, while directive leadership style (DLS) is a quasi-moderator in boosting the relationship between SPP and strategic purchasing involvement (SPI).Research limitations/implicationsLimitations of the sampling methodology and sample size restricts the scope for generalizing the hypotheses. Further, data were collected only from manufacturing companies. The paper provides managerial implications on purchasing involvement in business strategy formulation and the different roles of leadership styles.Originality/valueThis is the first scholarly work to examine the different leadership styles as a moderator that affects the strategic involvement and status of strategic purchasing.