Direct Positive Association Research Articles

Understanding the relationship of self-service technology quality with user adoption using SSTQUAL

PurposeThe study aimed to examine the antecedents to self-service technology (SST) adoption behavior and the relationships between the constructs using empirical research.Design/methodology/approachBased on synthesis of the extant literature, a model was hypothesized, hypotheses were framed. Field data collected were analyzed using structural equation modeling.FindingsFew interesting findings were noted in this research. First, SST service quality had a direct positive linkage with perceived value, but no linkage with e-satisfaction. Second, strong positive linkage existed between perceived value and e-satisfaction. Therefore, the connection between SST service quality and satisfaction was completely mediated by perceived value. Third, no relationship existed between perceived value and behavioral intentions, but a direct positive relationship existed between e-satisfaction and behavioral intentions. Thus, the relationship of perceived value with behavioral intentions was fully mediated by e-satisfaction. Fourth, no direct connection was found between SST service quality and behavioral intentions. Rather, the connection was fully mediated by perceived value and e-satisfaction. Fifth, direct positive association was found between behavioral intentions and actual adoption of SST.Research limitations/implicationsThis empirical research was conducted primarily on the young population.Practical implicationsThe study will benefit managers in making better decisions on how to make SST work successfully for their organizations.Originality/valueFirst, this research further refined the SST adoption process of a customer, thus making a meaningful contribution to the literature on SST. Second, the research validated SSTQUAL scale in a different geographical setting.

Linking Structural Empowerment to Employee-Driven Innovation: The Mediating Role of Psychological Empowerment

This paper aims to link structural empowerment to employee-driven innovation (EDI) with psychological empowerment as a mediation mechanism. Recently, there has been an increase in interest in utilizing all sources of knowledge in an organization to stimulate innovation among all employees. A clear understanding of some of the mechanisms used to achieve this is needed. The paper applies a quantitative approach based on two studies. Study 1 involved a total of 228 employees in a public sector organization, while study 2 involved 60 employees from a private sector organization. We employed structural equation modeling to test the hypothesized relationships among the variables. It was determined that both structural empowerment and psychological empowerment have a direct positive association with EDI. Second, the relationship between structural empowerment and EDI was partially mediated by psychological empowerment. EDI can only happen in an organization if employers and managers empower the ordinary employees to not only generate creative ideas but also to participate in its development and implementation.

Deconstructing the Impact of Malaria Vector Diversity on Disease Risk.

AbstractRecent years have seen significant progress in understanding the impact of host community assemblage on disease risk, yet diversity in disease vectors has rarely been investigated. Using published malaria and mosquito surveys from Kenya, we analyzed the relationship between malaria prevalence and multiple axes of mosquito diversity: abundance, species richness, and composition. We found a net amplification of malaria prevalence by vector species richness, a result of a strong direct positive association between richness and prevalence alongside a weak indirect negative association between the two, mediated through mosquito community composition. One plausible explanation of these patterns is species niche complementarity, whereby less competent vector species contribute to disease transmission by filling spatial or temporal gaps in transmission left by dominant vectors. A greater understanding of vector community assemblage and function, as well as any interactions between host and vector biodiversity, could offer insights to both fundamental and applied ecology.

Mothers’ motivational beliefs and children's learning purpose for doing homework: The mediate effects of autonomy support and control

The study analyzed the mediational model of relationship between mothers’ motivational beliefs, type of involvement (autonomy support and control) in homework, and the children's learning-oriented purposes for doing homework. The sample included 235 boys (M age=11.09, SD=0.56 years old), 273 girls (M age=11.12, SD=0.62 years old) and their mothers (M age=37.85, SD=6.94 years old) from Mexican elementary schools. Two structural models were calculated. The first model indicated that mothers’ mastery-oriented goals and self-efficacy had a positive relationship with the support of children's autonomy and a negative one with mothers’ control on children's homework. On the other hand, the mothers’ active role in education resulted negatively related to mothers’ control. Whereas mothers’ performance-oriented goals resulted negatively related to the support of children's autonomy, they were positively related to control. Overall, mothers’ mastery-oriented goals, and self-efficacy had a positive direct and indirect association with children's learning-oriented purpose in homework whereas performance-oriented goals resulted negatively. The alternative model indicated that children's learning-oriented purpose for doing homework promoted mothers’ mastery-oriented goals, self-efficacy, and an active role in education in mothers; in turn, it hinders their performance-oriented goals. In addition, it had positive direct and indirect associate to autonomy support, but not affected control. Overall findings suggest a reciprocal relationship between mothers’ characteristics and children's motivation for homework.

The Relationship Between Health Literacy, Social Support, Depression, and Frailty Among Community-Dwelling Older Patients With Hypertension and Diabetes in China.

Population aging is one of the major challenges facing modern society and has attracted global attention. With population aging becoming a global phenomenon, the impact of age-related diseases on health is increasing rapidly. Frailty is one of the most pressing issues facing older adults. The purpose of this study was to explore the interrelationship between health literacy, social support, depression, and frailty among older patients with hypertension and diabetes in China. No studies have investigated the mediating effects of social support and depression between health literacy and frailty. The findings of this study can be applied to help ameliorate frailty in older hypertensive and diabetic patients. Data were collected from 637 older hypertensive and diabetic patients aged 65 years and older in Sichuan Province, China. We used structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the hypothesized relationship among the variables. The results showed that 42.4% of the participants suffered from frailty. The mean scores for health literacy, social support, depression, and frailty were 13.6 ± 5.7, 35.7 ± 6.5, 4.0 ± 3.4, and 3.5 ± 2.1, respectively. Social support had a direct negative association with frailty (β = −0.128, 95%CI: [−0.198, −0.056]), and depression had a direct positive association with frailty (β = 0.326, 95%CI: [0.229, 0.411]), while social support had no direct association with depression. Health literacy had a direct positive association with social support (β = 0.151, 95%CI: [0.077, 0.224]) and a direct negative association with depression (β = −0.173, 95%CI: [−0.246, −0.1]), while health literacy had an indirect negative association with frailty through the mediating effect of social support and depression. To mitigate frailty in older patients with hypertension and diabetes, measures that provide social support, and enhance health literacy, while alleviating depression, should be considered, along with greater attention to patients who are divorced, widowed, or unmarried, those with comorbidities, and those with lower socioeconomic status.

The role of self-compassion in athlete mindfulness and burnout: Examination of the effects of gender differences

This study clarified the role of self-compassion as a mediating variable in the relationship between mindfulness and burnout and its gender differences among athletes. A cross-sectional survey design was used. Participants were 152 athletes (male = 127, female = 25, mean age = 19.52 years, SD = 1.89) who belonged to their university athletic clubs. They answered a questionnaire comprising socio-demographic variables, the Athlete Mindfulness Questionnaire, Japanese short version of the Self-Compression Scale, and Burnout Scale for University Athletes. The results showed that female athletes scored lower on mindfulness, self-compassion, and one subscale of the Burnout Scale compared to male athletes. Furthermore, dispositional mindfulness was indirectly negatively associated with burnout through self-compassion. In a moderated mediation analysis, the mediating effect of self-compassion on the relationship between mindfulness and burnout was only observed in female athletes. Among male athletes, mindfulness showed a direct positive association with self-compassion and a negative association with burnout, and self-compassion was not directly associated with burnout. Thus, female athletes have low dispositional mindfulness and self-compassion, similar to the members of the general public. Moreover, the associations between mindfulness and self-compassion and burnout are different among male and female athletes.

Self-esteem, Bullying Perpetration/Victimization and Perceived Parental Support in a Nationally Representative Sample of Australian Students

The purpose of this study was to explore the inter-relationships among students’ self-esteem, bullying victimization/perpetration behaviours, and perceived parental support, with a focus on how self-esteem mediates the association of parental support and bullying behaviours and how bullying mediates the association of parental support and self-esteem. We employed structural equation modelling to analyse the secondary data collected in “Young Minds Matter: The Second Australian Child and Adolescent Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing” funded by the Australian Government Department of Health. Analyses were performed on 431 adolescent students selected from 2967 adolescents aged 11-17 years. Our findings revealed that parental support has a direct positive association with self-esteem and a direct negative association with bullying behaviours. This study highlights the importance of parental support in both lowering bullying perpetration/victimization and enhancing student’s self-esteem. Findings of this study could improve anti-bullying programs.

Revisiting the impact of vehicle emissions and other contributors to air pollution in urban built-up areas: A dynamic spatial econometric analysis

Whether vehicle emissions are the primary source of PM2.5 in urban China remains controversial, which may be attributable to the insufficient consideration of the spatial autocorrelation and the spatial spillover effects of PM2.5. We employ data from built-up areas of 285 prefecture-level cities in China spanned 2001–2016 and dynamic spatial panel data analysis to resolve this controversy. Our results show that the direct and indirect effects of vehicles on PM2.5 concentration (annual mean and spatial variation within the city) in urban China are not significant in the short- and long-term. Alternatively, SO2 emission directly increases the mean and spatial variation of PM2.5 within the city in the short- and long-term. Short-term direct and indirect positive association and long-term indirect positive association are found relative to economic growth and PM2.5. Population density increases PM2.5 directly and indirectly in the short-term and yet, directly decreases and indirectly increases PM2.5 in the long-term. In the short- and long-term, the spatial spillover effect of secondary industry increases PM2.5, and industry also directly increases the spatial variation of PM2.5 within the city. Although real estate investment directly increases PM2.5 in the long-term, the spatial spillover effect of investment reduces PM2.5 in the short- and long-term. Our results show that other factors, rather than vehicle emissions, are the major contributors to PM2.5 in urban China. Furthermore, the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis does not apply to the relationship between economic growth and PM2.5 proliferation in urban China. When tackling air pollution, owing to the significant spatial spillover of PM2.5 that is driven by multiple contributing factors, short- and long-term inter-regional coordination is required to achieve an effective positive outcome.

Creencias motivacionales de las madres y el propósito de los estudiantes de aprender en los deberes escolares. Su relación con el apoyo a la autonomía y el control

The study analyzed the mediational model of relationship between mothers’ motivational beliefs, type of involvement (autonomy support and control) in homework, and the children's learning-oriented purposes for doing homework. The sample included 235 boys (M age=11.09, SD=0.56 years old), 273 girls (M age=11.12, SD=0.62 years old) and their mothers (M age=37.85, SD=6.94 years old) from Mexican elementary schools. Two structural models were calculated. The first model indicated that mothers’ mastery-oriented goals and self-efficacy had a positive relationship with the support of children's autonomy and a negative one with mothers’ control on children's homework. On the other hand, the mothers’ active role in education resulted negatively related to mothers’ control. Whereas mothers’ performance-oriented goals resulted negatively related to the support of children's autonomy, they were positively related to control. Overall, mothers’ mastery-oriented goals, and self-efficacy had a positive direct and indirect association with children's learning-oriented purpose in homework whereas performance-oriented goals resulted negatively. The alternative model indicated that children's learning-oriented purpose for doing homework promoted mothers’ mastery-oriented goals, self-efficacy, and an active role in education in mothers; in turn, it hinders their performance-oriented goals. In addition, it had positive direct and indirect associate to autonomy support, but not affected control. Overall findings suggest a reciprocal relationship between mothers’ characteristics and children's motivation for homework.

Risk factors and temporal patterns of disordered eating differ in adolescent boys and girls: Testing gender-specific appearance anxiety models.

Adolescent dieting and disordered eating (DE) are risks for clinical eating disorders. In this five-wave longitudinal study, we tested gender-specific models linking early risk factors to temporal patterns of DE, considering appearance anxiety as a mediator. Participants were 384 Australian students (age 10 to 13; 45% boys) who reported their purging and skipping meals, experience with appearance-related teasing, media pressure, and appearance anxiety. Parents reported pubertal maturation and height/weight was measured. Gender differences in temporal patterns of DE were found and predictive models were tested using latent-variable growth curve and path models. Boys' DE was generally stable over time; girls showed stability in purging but an average increase in skipping meals. Peer teasing, media pressure, and pubertal maturation were associated with more elevated initial DE in girls, and pubertal maturation was associated with a steeper increase in DE. For boys, body mass index had a direct positive association with DE. Appearance anxiety was associated with more DE, but there was only one significant indirect effect via anxiety, which was for boys' pubertal maturation. Findings support the dominant role of social interactions and messages, as well as pubertal maturation, for girls' DE and the prominence of physical risk factors for explaining boys' DE.

P1464ROUTINELY MEASURED CARDIAC TROPONIN I AND NT-PROBNP AS PREDICTORS OF MORTALITY IN JAPANESE HEMOLIALYSIS PATIENTS: THE DIALYSIS OUTCOMES AND PRACTICE PATTERNS STUDY

Abstract Background and Aims Due to the interplay of chronic kidney disease and the heart, it is common for myocardial damage and strain to be present in patients with end stage kidney disease. The cardiac biomarkers Troponin I (cTnI) and the N-terminal fragment of prohormone brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) are strongly predictive of heart failure in the general population, however the value of their routine measurement for stratification of risk in hemodialysis (HD) patients is unknown. International DOPPS data indicate that these cardiac biomarkers are measured in fewer than 2% of hemodialysis patients in real-world practice. We sought to test the associations of cTNI and NT-proBNP with death in a large HD cohort. Method We analyzed data from 1169 prevalent Japanese hemodialysis patients in DOPPS phase 5 (J-DOPPS; 2012-2015) where pre-dialysis levels of cTnI and NT-proBNP at study enrollment by protocol for all participants. We used Cox regression to test the association of the cardiac biomarkers with all-cause mortality, adjusting for potential confounders. We conducted stratified analyses to assess potential effect modification of individual clinical characteristics: age, systolic blood pressure, dialysis vintage, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and heart failure (CHF). Results Median (interquartile range) cTnI and NT-proBNP levels were 0.018 [0.005, 0.04] ng/mL and 3432 [1580, 8017] pg/mL, respectively. There was a positive direct association between cTNI and NT-proBNP (Spearman correlation coefficient=0.58). We observed 174 deaths during a median [IQR] follow-up time of 2.8 [2.3, 2.9] years. Compared to the reference group of cTNI<0.01 the hazard ratio (HR) of death (95% CI) was 1.23 (0.57, 2.69) for cTNI ≥0.01 to 0.02; HR=1.94 (1.12, 3.37) for cTNI ≥0.02 to 0.04; and HR=3.65 (2.14, 6.23) forcTNI>0.04. Compared to the reference group of NT-proBNP <2000 pg/mL, HR= 1.20 (0.65, 2.23) for NT-proBNP ≥2000 to 4000 pg/mL; HR= 2.06 (1.22, 3.46) for NT-proBNP >4000 to 8000 pg/mL; and 3.23 (1.71, 6.09) for NT-proBNP > 8000pg/mL. For both variables associations with mortality were comparable in patients with and without heart failure (p values for interaction=0.07 and 0.19, for NT-proBNP and cTNI, respectively) and according to other stratification variables (the p values for interaction were >0.15 for all other stratified models). Conclusion Routinely measured (not by indication) NT-proBNP and Troponin I are strongly associated with mortality among prevalent Japanese HD patients. Routine evaluation of these cardiac biomarkers in HD patients with or without a previous diagnosis of CHF may help identify patients at risk of death who may have undetected heart failure or cardiac strain due to fluid overload.

Professional social media usage: Work engagement perspective

Social media enables information sharing and social interaction within organization. This research aims to analyze how both work- and nonwork-related communication with colleagues and the work community on social media is associated with work engagement among Finnish professionals. A total of five Finnish professional organizations ( N = 563) and a representative sample of the Finnish working population ( N = 1817) contributed to the survey data, which was analyzed with structural equation modeling. We found a direct positive association between work-related communication and work engagement among Finnish working population, and a positive indirect associations between both work- and nonwork-related communication and work engagement via organizational identification and social support. Findings suggest that communication in social media supports work engagement via organizational identification and social support. Organizations should pay more attention to social media communication practices and provide opportunities to build organizational identification and receive social support in social media.

Interdependencies of structural constraints, attachment and behavioural intentions of sport spectators

ABSTRACT Research question Leisure behaviour has focused long time on positive outcomes for active and passive sport participants and it has been advocated that constraints play an important role in decision-making in leisure activities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the interdependencies of spectator constraints, attachment to a sport team, and behavioural intentions. Research methods Using a paper-pencil questionnaire, data were collected from spectators attending a J. League Division 2 matches in Japan using a convenience sampling approach. Five-hundred and fifty questionnaires were distributed and total sample size used was n = 428. Results and Findings Structural equation modelling has found a negative and significant direct association of structural constraints on attachment which in turn has a positive and significant direct association with behavioural intentions. There is negative and significant indirect effect of structural constraints on intentions (mediated via attachment) whereas there is no significant direct effect of constraints on intentions. Thus, attachment serves as negotiator between constraints and intentions. Multi-group analysis has revealed significant gender differences. Implications Practitioners should identify the actual attachment of their spectators as attachment functions as mediator between perceived constraints and behavioural intentions. Since not all structural constraints can be remedied by management (e.g. weather), knowing the level of attachment is important to reduce constraints.

Parents, friends and immigrant youths' academic engagement: A mediation analysis.

Parents and friends can help facilitate the academic engagement of newcomer immigrant youth during the early post-migration years. Using an accelerated longitudinal design and the integrative risk and resilience framework, we examined how parent home involvement and friendships were directly and indirectly associated with the development of newcomer immigrant youths' academic engagement. We used data from three waves (Years 3-5) of the Longitudinal Immigrant Student Adaptation study where a culturally diverse group of immigrant youth (N=354, ages 10-17, MtimeinUS =3.98 years, SD=1.39) in the United States reported on their perceptions of parent home involvement (educational values and communication) and friendship (educational values and academic support) in Year 3 and on their academic engagement (behavioural and emotional) across 3 years. Findings showed high-stable behavioural and emotional engagement and direct positive associations between perceptions of parent home involvement and initial levels of behavioural and emotional engagement and between perceptions of friend educational values and initial levels of emotional engagement. Additionally, perceptions of parents' educational values indirectly contributed to initial levels of emotional engagement through positive associations with perceptions of friends' educational values. These findings can inform family-school partnerships and school-interventions targeting newcomer immigrant youths' engagement.

Social capital in the creation of AI perception

Numerous studies over the past 30 years have examined the relationship between social capital (SC) and information and communication technology (ICT). However, few studies have examined the association between artificial intelligence (AI) and SC. This study addresses this gap using a Web survey (n = 5000) carried out in the Tokyo metropolitan area in Japan in 2018. The survey included questions on ICT literacy and SC (networks, trust, norms of reciprocity), as well as questions on perceptions of AI including its impact on society. Based on the survey, we extracted four SC factors: cognitive SC, and three forms of structural SC, namely contacts with others, group participations, and SC at work place. We found a statistically significant positive association between SC and positive perceptions of AI through ITC literacy. SC is indirectly associated with AI perception by enhancing ICT literacy, and then ICT literacy enhances AI perception. This indirect effect seems to be mainly caused by two types of structural SC: SC through group participations and SC at work place. Besides this indirect effect, SC has direct effect on AI perception. Cognitive SC has direct positive association with AI perception, whereas structural SC in the form of contacts with others was negatively associated with AI perception. Thus, structural SC has an ambivalent effect on AI perception. Structural SC through group participation as well as SC at work place may work for the positive perceptions of AI through ICT literacy, while those with higher level of contacts with others tend to be cautious toward AI. Both cognitive SC and structural SC assume important roles for the smooth transition into the AI era. Policy makers should be aware of the difference in the way each of these SC forms affects AI perception. SC seems to have mainly promotional impact on the AI perception. However, the precautionary function of SC should not be put on the back burner for the sound social acceptance of AI. In any case, SC assumes an important role in the creation of AI perception.

Long-Term Psychological Consequences of World War II Trauma Among Polish Survivors: A Mixed-Methods Study on the Role of Social Acknowledgment.

BackgroundThe research on the psychological consequences of World War II (WWII) trauma has predominantly focused on concentration camp and Holocaust survivors. Only a few studies have been undertaken among civilian survivors of WWII.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to examine the association between perceived social acknowledgment of WWII trauma and the level of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depressive symptoms among Polish survivors of WWII by employing a mixed-methods design (i.e., a quantitative analysis supported by qualitative interviews).MethodIn the quantitative part, 123 participants filled out: the list of WWII-related traumatic events, the PTSD Checklist for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (PCL-5), the shortened version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and the Social Acknowledgment Questionnaire (SAQ). In the qualitative part, an interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) of participants’ reminiscences of WWII was examined.ResultsAlthough we observed a direct positive association between the number of WWII-related traumatic events and the intensity of PTSD and depressive symptoms, these relationships changed when we entered the social acknowledgment construct into the model. Specifically, we found that perceived social acknowledgment (general disapproval) was a mediator of the relationship between the number of WWII traumatic events and the intensity of PTSD symptoms only, and not of depressive symptoms. In the qualitative part, three themes relating to traumatic reminiscences emerged among the participants: parental efficacy, parental betrayal, and support from the invader.ConclusionOur study showed the significance of the general social acknowledgment in the long-term mental consequences of the WWII trauma in Poland. In addition, the results of our study may be an adjunct to the discussion on the long-term impact of WWII trauma in Poland and the factors that hindered its social recognition.

Investigating travel time satisfaction and actual versus ideal commute times: A path analysis approach

IntroductionThis paper investigates relationships between travel time satisfaction and both ideal commute time (ICT) and reported actual commute time (ACT). MethodsBased on an online questionnaire survey of 628 commuters in Portland, Oregon, this study uses path analysis models to explore factors associated with travel time satisfaction, ICT and ACT, and commute time dissonance (ACT − ICT). ResultsConsistent with past research, few people desire zero travel time and more commuters are satisfied than dissatisfied with their typical travel time, but most people commute for longer-than-ideal durations. Model results reveal a strong negative relationship between ACT and satisfaction, a weak positive direct association between ICT and satisfaction, and a negative link between commute time dissonance and satisfaction. Furthermore, active modes (walking and cycling) induce higher satisfaction with travel time and lower dissonance, while public transit riders are more satisfied but also more dissonant compared to automobile users. Few socio-demographic and work-related attributes are significant, suggesting the need to account for additional subjective personal characteristics (e.g., attitudes, personality).

Foundation species promote community stability by increasing diversity in a giant kelp forest.

Foundation species structure communities, promote biodiversity, and stabilize ecosystem processes by creating locally stable environmental conditions. Despite their critical importance, the role of foundation species in stabilizing natural communities has seldom been quantified. In theory, the stability of a foundation species should promote community stability by enhancing species richness, altering the population fluctuations of individual species, or both. Here we tested the hypothesis that the stability of a marine foundation species, the giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera, increased the stability of the aggregate biomass of a phylogenetically diverse assemblage of understory algae and sessile invertebrates that compete for space beneath the giant kelp canopy. To achieve this goal, we analyzed an 18-yr time series of the biomass of giant kelp and its associated benthic community collected from 32 plots distributed among nine shallow reefs in the Santa Barbara Channel, USA. We showed that the stability of understory algae and sessile invertebrates was positively and indirectly related to the stability of giant kelp, which primarily resulted from giant kelp's direct positive association with species richness. The stability of all community types was positively related to species richness via increased species stability and species asynchrony. The stabilizing effects of richness were three to four times stronger when algae and invertebrates were considered separately rather than in combination. Our finding that diversity-stability relationships were stronger in communities consisting of species with similar resource requirements suggests that competition for shared resources rather than differential responses to environmental conditions played a more important role in stabilizing the community. Increasing threats to structure-forming foundation species worldwide necessitates a detailed understanding of how they influence their associated community. This study is among the first to show that dampened temporal fluctuations in the biomass of a foundation species is an important determinant of the stability of the complex communities it supports.

The role of parental control and coping strategies on adolescents’ problem behaviors

The current study was aimed at contributing to the understanding of the role of perceived parental monitoring, psychological control, and coping strategies on adolescents’ problem behaviors, in terms of anxiety and drinking behavior. Participants were 541 high school students, 17 to 19-year old (M = 17.09, SD = 0.80) high school students in Sicily and Calabria (Italy). Participants completed self-report measures assessing parental monitoring, psychological control, coping strategies (i.e., Task-Oriented, Emotion-Oriented, and Avoidance-Oriented). Results of the path analysis showed that coping strategies play a mediating role in the association between parental psychological control and both adolescents’ anxiety and drinking behavior. Furthermore, a direct positive association was reported from parental psychological control and anxiety, while a negative direct association was reported from parental monitoring to drinking behavior. Results of this study provide a comprehensive model that showed that the different coping strategies could explain the psychological mechanisms that underline the associations between two different kinds of parental control (psychological control and monitoring) and both internalizing and externalizing adolescents’ form of maladjustment (e.g. anxiety and drinking behaviors). Overall, coping strategies seem to be a fruitful target for the prevention programs for adolescents’ anxiety and drinking behaviors.

A longitudinal study of inferiority impacting on aggression among college students: The mediation role of cognitive reappraisal and expression suppression

ObjectiveThe present study investigated the ways in which inferiority predicted aggression 6 months later in college students, by considering the role of cognitive reappraisal and expression suppression. MethodA total of 462 Chinese college students (50.2% male; Mage=19.60, SD=0.807) completed an emotion regulation questionnaire (ERQ), an inferiority questionnaire, and a Chinese college students’ vision of the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (CC-BPAQ) at two time points. ResultsThe results showed that the predictive effect of inferiority (at time 1) on aggression (at time 2) was significant before putting the mediator variables into the model (β = 0.655, p< 0.001). Cognitive reappraisal (at time 2) played a role in mediating between inferiority and aggression (with the indirect effect= 0.023, p < 0.05, 95% CI= 0.007 ~ 0.054). However, the mediating role of the expression suppression (at time 2) was not significant (with the indirect effect= 0.013, p > 0.05, 95% CI= 0.000 ~ 0.035). ConclusionsInferiority had direct positive associations with aggression, and this relationship was only mediated by cognitive reappraisal among college students.