Direct Outreach Research Articles

Bridging Public Health Research and State-Level Policy: The Texas Research-to-Policy Collaboration Project.

Significant barriers to the implementation of evidence-based policy exist. Establishing an infrastructure and resources to support this process at the state level can accelerate the translation of research into practice. This study describes the adaptation and initial evaluation of the Texas Research-to-Policy Collaboration (TX RPC) Project, focusing on the adaptation process, legislative public health policy priorities, and baseline researcher policy knowledge and self-efficacy. The federal Research-to-Policy Collaboration (RPC) method was adapted to the Texas legislative process in 2020. Policymakers and public health researchers were recruited using direct outreach and referrals. Legislators or their aides were interviewed to determine health policy needs, which directed the development of legislator resources, webinars, and recruitment of additional public health researchers with specific expertise. Researchers were trained to facilitate communication with policymakers, and TX RPC Project staff facilitated legislator and researcher meetings to provide data and policy input. Baseline surveys were completed with legislators to assess the use of health researchers in policy. Surveys were also administered before training to researchers assessing self-efficacy, knowledge, and training needs. Qualitative data from the legislator interviews were analyzed using inductive and deductive approaches. Quantitative survey data were analyzed using descriptive statistics for scales and individual survey items. Legislative offices (n = 21) identified health care access, mental health, and health disparities as key health issues. Legislators reported that health data were important but did not actively involve researchers in legislation. Researchers (n = 73) reported that policy informed their work but had low engagement with legislators. Researcher training surveys indicated lower policy self-efficacy and knowledge and the need for additional training. Adaptation of the RPC model for state-level health policy is feasible but necessitates logistical changes based on the unique legislative body. Researchers need training and resources to engage with policymakers.

Design and Modeling of Sustainable Environment in Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Practices

Pharmaceuticals have detrimental environmental effects, including their effect on the greenhouse gas emissions of medical care; hence, pharmacists address climate and biodiversity problems. Education and understanding are essential to facilitate Environmental Sustainability (ES) in Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Practices (PP) (ESPP). This study aimed to investigate Australian pharmacy undergraduates' understanding and views about ES and the ESPP program material. Responders were polled using a survey administered. The survey consisted of two primary portions: the New Environmental Perspective (NEP) to assess people's ecological mindset scores and a section regarding their opinions and curricular experiences of ES procedures, adjusted from previously released questionnaires. The notification with the survey User Recourse Locator (URL) was distributed through online platforms, Australian pharmaceutical student organizations, and direct outreach. Quantitative information was presented descriptively. Thematic analysis of qualitative data from open-ended question replies was conducted using a reflexive, recursive methodology. Answers that needed to be included should have been included in the evaluation. Among the 165 replies, 98% had already acquired information on ES. Under 12% possessed an awareness of ESPP, and only 7.9% recognized the inclusion of ESPP topics in the pharmaceutical syllabus. 65% of participants saw the ESPP as pertinent to prospective PP. 89% asserted that the pharmacy profession must implement sustainability efforts in providing pharmaceutical treatment. Australian pharmacy learners needed to exhibit more awareness of ESPP, and a limited number reported curricular involvement with ESPP topics within their pharmacy programs. ESPP material represents a significant domain for enhancement within pharmacy courses.

MA04.11 Women Enrolled in Lung Screening as a Result of Direct Outreach Are More Likely to be Cancer Survivors

MA04.11 Women Enrolled in Lung Screening as a Result of Direct Outreach Are More Likely to be Cancer Survivors

PENGENALAN OLAHRAGA PENCAK SILAT DALAM MELESTARIKAN BUDAYA ASLI BANGSA INDONESIA

Pencak silat is an integral part of Indonesia's rich culture which not only includes martial arts, but also the noble values ​​contained therein. Through the introduction of pencak silat sports at SDN Jayasampurna 03, the main aim of this activity is to introduce and preserve the original cultural heritage of the Indonesian nation, as well as forming students' overall character. Implementation methods include direct outreach and training to students, involving demonstrations, pair exercises, material collaboration, as well as discussion and reflection sessions. The results of this activity show that the students of SDN Jayasampurna 03 are able to understand, appreciate and practice the basic movements of pencak silat with high enthusiasm. In addition, they also benefit from developing physical, mental and social skills, as well as a deeper understanding of Indonesian culture. The suggestion for this activity is to continue and expand the pencak silat program into the school curriculum as a permanent and sustainable extracurricular activity. This will ensure that every student has the opportunity to engage in and benefit from this martial art, as well as ensuring that pencak silat education is improved comprehensively at all levels of education to respect the cultural heritage and noble values ​​contained within it.

Palliative care knowledge and access among people with small cell lung cancer and their family caregivers: Preliminary findings.

197 Background: People with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) make up 13-15% of those diagnosed with lung cancer. Although current statistics show the 5-year survival rate of people with lung cancer has improved overall, this is not the case for those diagnosed with SCLC. The disease is rapidly growing and aggressive, making access to palliative care crucial for improving quality of life for both people with SCLC and their family members. We developed a survey to assess palliative care knowledge and access among people with small cell lung cancer and their family caregivers. Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was conducted by the Lung Cancer Registry from GO2 for Lung Cancer (lungcancerregistry.org) from June 2023-present and included questions regarding treatment decision making, palliative care, and access to care. The SCLC survey is promoted to current Lung Cancer Registry participants who indicated a diagnosis of SCLC or were a family caregiver of someone with SCLC. Both people with SCLC and their family caregivers are eligible to participate in the survey. We also recruited people with SCLC through additional targeted online recruitment, direct outreach to community hospitals, and healthcare providers. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize survey findings. Results: As of May 2024, the SCLC survey was completed by 20 participants (mean age, 62 years; White, 85.0%; female, 55.0%; diagnosed with SCLC, 95.0%). Over half of people with SCLC (n = 11, 55.0%) had a family caregiver. While most participants had heard of palliative care (n = 15, 75.0%), less than half (n = 9, 45.0%) were offered or given information about it. Half of participants (n = 10, 50.0%) received or indicated they would like to receive palliative care. When asked what was needed from palliative care amongst these individuals, medication management for pain and physical symptoms was the top response (26.9%). For those who did not receive or would not like to receive palliative care, the top reasons included that it was not offered to them (26.7%) and wanting to learn more about it first to guide their decision-making (20.0%). Lastly, when asked what type of palliative care support was needed, emotional support was the top response (27.3%) followed by information on coping with lung cancer (24.2%). Conclusions: Preliminary findings suggest efforts are needed by care teams to expand access and improve education regarding palliative care among people with SCLC and their family caregivers. The fast-growing, aggressive nature of SCLC makes it especially urgent that care teams reach and meet the needs of this population. Our findings thus far highlight the need for additional research with larger sample sizes to ensure generalizability for the small cell lung cancer community.

Improved access to genetics for individuals with potential germline mutations identified on somatic testing.

339 Background: Somatic testing is increasingly common in treating cancer and may identify mutations that necessitate confirmatory germline genetic testing. Management of these results varies by institution. From 2021-2024, we completed an iterative approach to determine the most effective method for follow-up germline testing. Methods: We conducted 3 six-month sequential phases to determine the most effective approach to follow up on somatic findings concerning for germline origin. Phase I (3-9/2021), consisted of weekly e-mail notifications sent by the genetics program to the referring provider regarding patients who had somatic mutations of potential germline origin, and recommended providers refer the patient to genetics. Phase 2 (10/2021-4/2022), consisted of monthly e-mail notifications to the referring provider, clinical staff and included cancer center leadership. In phase 3 (10/2023-4/2024), GC assistants and medical secretaries facilitated referrals and direct outreach to schedule patients for germline follow-up. We measured the percentage of patients referred to genetics, who completed germline testing, and had confirmed pathogenic germline mutations. Results: In Phase I, 38% of patients were referred to genetics, 23.5% completed germline testing, and 37% had positive results (Table 1). In Phase 2, 19% of patients were referred to genetics, 4.7% completed germline testing, and 43% had positive results. In Phase 3, using the GC facilitated approach, 87.5% (70/80) of patients were referred. Those not referred had already undergone germline testing, were deceased or transferred care out of state. Of the 70 patients, 38 met with a GC and 30 elected to proceed with germline testing. There are 25 (36%) genetic test results available to date. 37% (26/70) patients did not complete a genetics appointment. 58% (15/26) could not be reached to schedule an appointment. Nine individuals declined or deferred an appointment. Five patients were deceased before a genetics appointment could be coordinated. For those that received referrals to genetics in phase 3, the germline positive results rate was 92% (23/25). Conclusions: The GC driven referral pathway was most effective at facilitating referral and completion of confirmatory testing for patients with somatic findings concerning for germline origin. Follow-up of these results shows an extremely high rate of germline positive results, making subsequent testing imperative for centers treating cancer patients. Given implications for cascade testing, future research is needed to study upfront consenting approaches to automate subsequent germline testing and notification in this population. Phase Intervention Potential Germline n, (%) Referred n , (%) Completed n , (%) Germline Positive n , (%) 1 Weekly Emails 162 62 (38%) 38 (61%) 14 (37%) 2 Monthly Emails 150 28 (19%) 7 (25%) 3 (43%) 3 GC Driven Referrals 80 70 (87.5%) 25 (36%) 23 (92%)

Program TPQ Lansia: Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Al-Qur’an di Kalangan Lanjut Usia

Many elderly people in Carikan Hamlet cannot yet read the Koran, and there are no special learning programs for them. Therefore, TPQ Elderly was established to provide Al-Qur'an learning that suits the needs of the elderly. The TPQ Elderly Program was introduced to the community through pamphlets and direct outreach through religious activities and village events. Learning begins with the introduction of hijaiyah letters using teaching aids and continues with methods suitable for the elderly. Even though there are obstacles such as limited time because activities can be carried out after Maghrib prayers, efforts have been made to create a pleasant and comfortable atmosphere and adapt learning methods to help the understanding of TPQ Elderly participants. Continuous evaluation will be carried out to assess the extent of effectiveness in helping elderly people read the Koran properly and correctly. Thus, through the PAR approach and implementation of the TPQ for the Elderly, the hope is to improve the ability to read the Koran in Carikan Hamlet and allow them to engage in meaningful religious activities in their old age.

Geospatial Demand for Approved Cleft Care in the United States.

Geographic information systems are powerful tools for characterizing the geospatial factors influencing access to care. As patients with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) require long-term care, with numerous operations and therapies, access to timely, quality care is extremely important. This study uses population level analysis and geographic information systems to identify United States counties with limited access to American Cleft Palate Association-approved cleft teams. Natality data were queried from the National Vital Statistics System. Population and geographic data were obtained from the US Census Bureau. The Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) was utilized to account for social inequality. Total births with CL/P, population estimates, SVI, distance to the nearest center, and total centers within 50 km were used to generate the cleft care demand index (CCDI). Ninety-two counties had CCDIs between 66.7 and 100. The highest scoring county, Hidalgo County, Texas, had 62 births with CL/P, population estimate of 888,367 persons, distance to the nearest cleft center of 368.4 km, and SVI of 0.99. This study demonstrates the power of geographic information systems for identifying areas with limited access to approved cleft teams. The CCDI measures cleft burden, socioeconomic disadvantage, and geographic barriers to quantify the demand for approved cleft care in each county. Utilizing these scores can help direct future interventions, outreach efforts, and cleft care center planning.

Primary care clinician engagement in implementing a machine-learning algorithm for targeted screening of familial hypercholesterolemia

ObjectiveTo assess the impact of a multi-pronged educational approach on the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) management at a large academic medical center with the aim of empowering primary care clinicians (PCC) to diagnose and treat FH. MethodsA comprehensive educational program for PCCs on FH management was developed and piloted from July 2022 to March 2024. Components of our intervention included: 1. Implementation of a novel clinical decision support tool in the electronic medical record for FH management, 2. Development and dissemination of an interactive educational website focused on FH and its management, 3. Delivery of virtual instructional sessions to increase awareness of the tool, provide education on its use, and obtain support from institutional leadership, and 4. Direct outreach to a pilot subset of PCCs whose patients had been detected using the validated FIND FH® machine learning algorithm. Participating clinicians were surveyed at baseline before the intervention and after the educational session. Results70 PCC consented to participate in the study with a survey completion rate of 79 % (n = 55) and 42 % (n = 23) for the baseline and follow-up surveys, respectively. Objective PCC knowledge scores improved from 40 to 65 % of responders correctly responding to at least 2/3rds of survey questions. Despite the fact that 87 % identified PCC's as most effective for early detection of FH, 100 % of PCCs who received direct outreach chose to defer care to an outpatient cardiologist over pursuing workup in the primary care setting. ConclusionEmpowering PCCs in management of FH serves as a key strategy in addressing this underdiagnosed and undertreated potentially life-threatening condition. A systems-based approach to addressing these aims may include leveraging EMR-based clinical decision support models and cross-disciplinary educational partnerships with medical specialists.

Effectiveness of direct patient outreach with a narrative naloxone and overdose prevention video to patients prescribed long-term opioid therapy in the USA: the Naloxone Navigator randomised clinical trial

IntroductionPublic health efforts to reduce opioid overdose fatalities include educating people at risk and expanding access to naloxone, a medication that reverses opioid-induced respiratory depression. People receiving long-term opioid therapy...

Psychological trauma and post-traumatic growth in parents of children with sickle cell disease

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a hereditary blood condition characterized by abnormal hemoglobin, leading to chronic hemolysis and vaso-occlusive complications. Caregivers of children with SCD often experience significant distress, akin to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study aimed to measure the degree of trauma and post-traumatic growth among parents (caregivers) of children with SCD in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A total of 294 primary caregivers were recruited for this study, through direct phone calls and online outreach using contact information obtained from their primary treating physician in Maternity and Children Hospitals and the Hereditary Blood Diseases Center in Al-Ahsa. Inclusion criteria required caregivers not to be receiving professional mental health care and to have a child with SCD below the age of 18. Results indicate that caregiver gender significantly affected IESR scores, with mothers reporting higher scores than fathers. Family income had a significant effect on IESR as well. In terms of education level, higher-educated caregivers were less likely to experience severe trauma. Significant differences emerged between online and phone interview participants, with online respondents reporting higher post-traumatic growth and higher trauma levels. This study represents a crucial step in understanding the challenges faced by caregivers of children with SCD in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. However, the study has limitations, including a substantial portion of the sample being from a single clinic and a cross-sectional design.

Strategi Komunikasi Politik Pemerintahan Daerah dalam Meningkatkan Partisipasi Masyarakat Pedesaan (Studi pada Desa Karangsari Kec. Bantur Kab. Malang)

This research aims to analyze the political communication strategies implemented by regional governments to increase participation in rural communities, especially in Karangsari Village, Bantur District, Malang Regency. The research method used is a case study with a qualitative approach. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, observation and documentation. The research results show that the Karangsari Village government uses various communication strategies, including direct outreach, use of local media, and community forums. This strategy has succeeded in increasing community awareness and participation in various village development programs. The key factors that support the success of this strategy are community trust in village leaders, openness of information, and active involvement of various stakeholders. This research provides important insights for other local governments in designing and implementing effective political communication strategies to increase rural community participation.

Edukasi Manfaat Minyak Ikan Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Stunting Masyarakat Desa Kuripan Kabupaten Lombok Barat, Nusa Tenggara Barat

Stunting is an important problem currently facing Indonesia. The prevalence rate of stunting is still in the high category when compared with WHO standards. NTB Province is one of the areas accelerating stunting reduction, including Kuripan District, West Lombok. Nutrition education programs for mothers are very important to tackle the problem of stunting. Nutrients play an important role in children's growth and development, such as fatty acids. Fatty acids are very good to consume for intelligence, so they can reduce stunting rates. One source of fatty acids is fish oil. The aim of this PkM activity is to provide education to mothers about stunting and how to prevent it, as well as the benefits of fish oil as a nutrient that plays an important role in efforts to prevent stunting. This series of PkM activities are direct outreach activities to the community, in this case the object of the PkM activity is the women reciting the TPQ Miftahul Ulum recitation in Kuripan Village, followed by the activity of distributing fish oil and installing educational posters about stunting and fish oil. The PkM activities ran smoothly and the mothers were very enthusiastic and eager to take part in the PkM activities. This activity provides a comprehensive understanding of stunting and the role of fish oil as an effective solution to prevent and overcome the problem of stunting in society

Artificial Rainfall Aquifer to Supply Clean Water Requirement During the Dry Season in Selengen Village, North Lombok Regency

Selengen Village is one of the villages in North Lombok Regency that always experiences drought and lack of clean water every year. The problem of clean water availability is caused by limited water sources on the surface. The frequency of rainwater in Selengen Village is very small and with very low intensity. In order to meet the need for clean water, the community has to pay additional costs to buy clean water or wait for a drop from the government. The Selengan Village community has limited information regarding simple methods that can be used to collect clean water sourced from rainwater. The method used to introduce rainwater capture as a source of clean water is to provide direct outreach to the Selengen Village community about rainwater storage in the form of ABSAH (Artificial Aquifer for Rainwater Savings). The ABSAH method can be done individually or in groups. The socialization was carried out at the Panggung Barat Hamlet office involving the community consisting of farmer groups, community leaders, youth organizations and housewives. The result of the socialization regarding the introduction of artificial rainwater aquifers is the high desire of the community to create rainwater storage, either independently/individually or in groups. In the process of making it, the community hopes to get assistance from the implementation team so that the calculation of the storage volume is in accordance with the volume of water used. Apart from that, the community also hopes to be given drawings of storage designs, installations for collecting water from the roofs of houses and designs of distribution networks to people's homes.

Measuring the economic contribution of Agricultural and Applied Economics departments in the United States

AbstractAgricultural and applied economists make substantial positive contributions to the domestic economy. Defining a measure of the true total value of their contributions is likely impossible, because so much about their efforts is difficult to comprehensively observe and quantitatively document. In this paper, we adopt a conservative approach to generating an estimate of the contributions ag and applied economists make to U.S. economic output and the associated welfare of society through their teaching, research, and outreach efforts. To conduct the analysis, we implemented a nationwide survey of Agricultural and Applied Economics (AAE) departments and developed a framework to calculate the value of their contributions to national income, or Gross Domestic Product (GDP). We estimate that AAE departments increase overall U.S. GDP by $2.6 billion, annually. Through its efforts to improve the human capital of its graduates, AAE teaching raises the (expected) national income by $2.2–$2.3 billion, while we value direct research and outreach contributions at $207 million and $146 million, respectively. Because we do not observe the opportunity cost of the resources used to generate those contributions, we do not claim to estimate a true net economic impact but rather attempt to quantify the gross economic contributions of the professional services AAE departments currently offer the economy. The values we provide—especially the research and extension estimates which are exceedingly difficult to measure—likely underestimate the true benefits AAE offers to the nation.

Availability, Usage, and Preferences of Estradiol and Progestogen Preparations for Puberty Induction from a Multicentral Perspective

Introduction: Natural oestrogen administration as oral or transdermal 17β-estradiol is recommended for pubertal induction in girls with hypogonadism. However, suitable low-dose formulations are not consistently available globally. This questionnaire study aimed to identify the current availability of oestrogen and progesterone preparations worldwide. Methods: Endorsed by the ESPE Turner Syndrome Working Group, the questionnaire targeted paediatric endocrinologists. Questions focused on accessibility of oral/transdermal 17β-estradiol and progestogen preparations. Responses were collected through a SurveyMonkey survey disseminated via ESPE channels, direct outreach, and conferences from June 2020 to December 2022. Results: Participation included 229 healthcare professionals from 45 countries. Oral and transdermal 17β-estradiol in adult dosage was highly accessible (86.5% and 84.3%), with transdermal administration the preferred form (62.8%). Most commonly available estradiol preparations included 50 μg patches (32 countries) and 1 or 2 mg tablets (65.8% and 71.1% countries). However, 0.5 mg 17β-estradiol tablets were available in only 20% of respondents from 8 countries. Patches delivering 14 or 25 μg/day of 17β-estradiol were available in 3 and 20 countries, respectively. Oral progestogen had widespread availability (96.0%) and preference (87.0%), while transdermal usage was limited to 15.2% of respondents. Conclusion: This study highlights global challenges in accessing suitable hormone preparations for female pubertal induction. In most countries, the lowest dose of the estradiol is 50 µg for patches and 2 mg for tablets. Appropriate low-dose 17β-estradiol tablets are much less available than low-dose patches. Our survey underscores the importance of adapting guidelines to local availability, and the need for improved accessibility to address these global disparities.

Abstract LB232: Implementation of population-based risk assessment for hereditary cancer in primary care: Results from the Early Detection of Genetic Risk (EDGE) Trial

Abstract The EDGE (Early Detection of GEnetic risk) trial compared two population-based engagement strategies for identifying primary care patients with a family or personal history of cancer and offered eligible individuals genetic testing for cancer susceptibility (GT). A total of twelve clinics from two healthcare systems (6 clinics each) participated in Montana, Wyoming and Washington State. Clinics were cluster-randomized to one of two engagement approaches: 1) point of care screening (POC), conducted by clinic staff when a patient came in for their appointment and 2) direct patient engagement (DPE), where letter and email outreach facilitated online home screening. Patients who completed screening and met pre-specified personal and family history criteria were offered GT via a home-delivered saliva kit at no cost. The two primary outcomes of the trial were the fraction of active clinic patients who 1) completed the risk assessment tool and 2) completed GT. Logistic regression models were used to compare POC and DPE, allowing for overdispersion and including clinic as a design factor. Analyses in the screened population were adjusted for age, sex, personal and/or family history of cancer, and healthcare system. Over a 12-month engagement window, 95,623 patients were seen in the 12 clinics (Table 1). The POC approach resulted in a higher proportion screened for hereditary risk (19.1% vs. 8.7%), but a similar proportion completed testing (1.5% vs. 1.6%). Notably, the rate of testing among eligible patients approached via POC was approximately half the rate observed with DPE (24.7% vs. 44.7%). POC screen completers were less likely to have a personal history of cancer (9.1% vs. 10.7%), a significant family history of cancer (9.5% vs. 12.8%), and, if eligible, order a test kit (33.8% vs. 58.1%). Overall, a POC approach resulted in higher screening rates for familial cancer risk but a similar fraction completing GT, with DPE screeners self-selecting due to greater personal and/or family history of cancer. Analyses are ongoing to examine patient, clinic and system-level factors predicting screening and testing uptake, which can inform best practices for population-based hereditary cancer screening efforts. POC % (N) DPE % (N) Unadjusted OR (POC vs DPE) Adjusted OR * (POC vs DPE) p-value Patient Denominator 51,693 43,930 Completed Screening 19.1% (9892) 8.7% (3813) 2.49 - 0.0074 Completed GT 1.5% (757) 1.6% (717) 0.89 - 0.75 Screened Participants 9892 3813 % screened with any personal cancer history 9.1% (902) 10.7% (406) 0.77 <0.0001 % of screened with significant** family history of cancer 9.5% (935) 12.8% (487) - 0.69 <0.0001 % of screened found eligible for GT 31.0% (3070) 42.0% (1603) - 0.65 <0.0001 Participants eligible for GT 3070 1603 % of eligible who ordered test kit 33.8% (1039) 58.1% (932) - 0.43 <0.0001 % of eligible who completed GT 24.7% (757) 44.7% (717) - 0.49 <0.0001 *Adjusted ORs - Adjusted for age, sex, personal cancer history, family cancer history, healthcare system.**Significant family history: 2 or more first degree relatives with a high-risk cancer Citation Format: Elizabeth M. Swisher, Heather M. Harris, Barbara M. Norquist, Jeannine Brant, Brian Shirts, Sarah Knerr, Emerson J. Dusic, Faith Beers, Tesla N. Theoryn, DaLaina Cameron, Howard Cabral, Laurie A. Riemann, Michael Raff, Beth Devine, Deborah J. Bowen, Catharine Wang. Implementation of population-based risk assessment for hereditary cancer in primary care: Results from the Early Detection of Genetic Risk (EDGE) Trial [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 2 (Late-Breaking, Clinical Trial, and Invited Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(7_Suppl):Abstract nr LB232.

Pelatihan Pembuatan Sabun Cuci Piring Berbasis Eco-Enzyme Sebagai Upaya Menumbuhkan Jiwa Wirausaha Siswa SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Jember

One of the big problems facing Indonesia is unemployment and waste management. The Central Statistics Agency (BPS) recorded February 2023 data that there were still 7.99 million unemployed in Indonesia. In terms of education, the highest unemployment rate (TPT) is experienced by high school (SMA) and vocational high school (SMK) graduates. One of the efforts to reduce the high number of unemployed, Senior High Schools (SMA) are expected to play an active role in producing graduates who can create jobs. The waste problem in Indonesia is also a problem that has not been resolved to date. Indonesia is estimated to produce 187.2 million tons of waste every year, with 60% coming from organic waste. One solution for handling organic waste is the application of Eco-enzyme. The aim of this activity is to provide training in making Eco-Enzyme based dish washing soap as an effort to foster the entrepreneurial spirit of students at SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Jember. This activity was carried out in the form of direct outreach and training to 75 students. Based on the results of observations of these activities, SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Jember has never implemented making dishwashing soap from organic waste. This can be seen from the pre-test with the results that only 21% of students had a good level of knowledge about Eco-Enzyme. Furthermore, the post-test results after carrying out this training, those with good knowledge levels increased to 92%. The pretest and posttest results show that on average the training participants experienced an increase in knowledge and understanding about the Eco-Enzyme-based Dish Soap Making Training, so it is hoped that it can motivate students' entrepreneurial interest by thinking creatively and innovatively.

Increasing Awareness of Diabetes Mellitus in The Elderly in Lamongan Regency Through Community Service

Purpose – The Indonesian government had a chronic disease management program, PROLANIS, targeted for diabetes and hypertension since 2010 to prevent chronic disease patients from severe complications through monitoring and control measures. The purpose of this community service was to improve the health status of diabetic patients who participate in PROLANIS in Sukodadi and Sukolilo Villages, Lamongan Regency, through analysis of blood glucose levels. Design/methodology/approach – To overcome the problems previously mentioned, community service has been proposed. This service includes educating participants about metabolic syndrome and health checks. The main aim of this educational program is to increase public awareness about diabetes mellitus. The blood examination aims to determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in these villages. This educational program involves direct mentoring and outreach methods, such as the creation of booklets, educational videos, and PPTs. Findings and Discussions – In Sukodadi and Sukolilo Villages, community service was organized as a response to the high prevalence of diabetes mellitus. The program included blood tests and educational sessions for participants enrolled in the PROLANIS initiative. Analysis of the data revealed that the average blood sugar level of the participants was 143.1 mg/dl, slightly above the normal blood sugar level tolerance limit of 140 mg/dl. Nevertheless, the results indicate that the blood sugar levels of the participants can be effectively managed and kept below the diabetes tolerance threshold of <200 mg/dl. Originality/value – Our community services in Sukodadi and Sukolilo Village, Lamongan Regency, showed that most elderly women with diabetes mellitus are retired. As people age, their risk of high blood glucose levels increases. Despite the average glucose level of PROLANIS participants being higher than normal, it can still be controlled. Our findings can guide the government to organize diabetes management programs and help service providers carry out prevention measures.

Public and patient perspectives on the use of clinical and administrative health data to identify and contact people at risk of future illness-The case of chronic kidney disease.

For decades, researchers have used linkable administrative health data for evaluating the health care system, subject to local privacy legislation. In Ontario, Canada, the relevant privacy legislation permits some organizations (prescribed entities) to conduct this kind of research but is silent on their ability to identify and contact individuals in those datasets. Following consultation with the Office of the Information and Privacy Commissioner of Ontario, we developed a pilot study to identify and contact by mail a sample of people at high risk for kidney failure within the next 2 years, based on laboratory and administrative data from provincial datasets held by ICES, to ensure they receive needed kidney care. Before proceeding, we conducted six focus groups to understand the acceptability to the public and people living with chronic kidney disease of direct mail outreach to people at high risk of developing kidney failure. While virtually all participants indicated they would likely participate in the study, most felt strongly that the message should come directly from their primary care provider or whoever ordered the laboratory tests, rather than from an unknown organization. If this is not possible, they felt the health care provider should be made aware of the concern related to their kidney health. Most agreed that, if health authorities could identify people at high risk of a treatable life-threatening illness if caught early enough, there is a social responsibility to notify people. While privacy laws allow for free flow of health information among health care providers who provide direct clinical care, the proposed case-finding and outreach falls outside that model. Enabling this kind of information flow will require greater clarity in existing laws or revisions to these laws. This also requires adequate notification and culture change for health care providers and the public around information uses and flows.