Direct Current Electrical Stimulation Research Articles

The Morphological Changes of the Inner Ear due to the Direct Current Electrical Stimulation

The Morphological Changes of the Inner Ear due to the Direct Current Electrical Stimulation

Management of Infected Tibial Nonunions With Sequestration in the Dog

Osteomyelitis with sequestration of large fragments of cortical bone accompanied delayed union‐nonunion in the tibia of three dogs. All fracture sites were grossly unstable at initial presentation, with the sequestration creating large bony deficits that required bone grafting. All three fractures were treated by the application of external fixation, seques‐trectomy, debridement, cancellous bone grafting, and dependent wound drainage. One animal refractured the tibia causing an exacerbation of the osteomyelitis. Reapplication of an external fixation frame and direct current electrical stimulation resulted in bony union. There were no recurrences of infection on long‐term follow‐up in any of the three tibias.

Use of electrical stimulation for discharging cnidom components of a species of Cerianthus (Anthozoa: Cnidaria)

Direct-current electrical stimulation was used as a means of discharging cnidom components from the marginal tentacles of a species of Cerianthus from Southern Queensland, Australia, in order to facilitate the study of cnidom components by light microscopy. The cnidom consists of b-rhabdoids (3 types), spirocysts, and ptychocysts. Threshold pulses of between 1 and 2 V with a frequency of 1 pulse per second for 2 sec discharge all types of cnidae. However, large numbers of certain cnida types discharge after a longer period of stimulation.

Nitrous Oxide—a Study of Physiological and Psychomotor Effects

The effects of nitrous oxide analgesia were tested objectively in 20 volunteer dental students. Baseline pulse rate, respiration, blood pressure, and psychomotor ability were established before induction and were monitored throughout the experiments. Small but significant changes in blood pressure, pulse rate, and respiration were observed after administration of N 2 O; coordination and psychomotor ability were impaired but tolerance of continuous direct current electrical stimulation increased. The safe administration of N 2 O in dentistry requires that no less than 25% oxygen be used at any time, that the patient remain conscious throughout the procedure, and that the excitement stage of anesthesia be avoided. Under these conditions, N 2 O analgesia is beneficial in the treatment of an apprehensive patient.