Dirac Medal Research Articles

Non-local gravity wave turbulence in presence of condensate

The $k^{-23/6}$ wave action spectrum with an inverse cascade is one of the fundamental Kolmogorov–Zakharov solutions for gravity wave turbulence, which is part of the citation for the Dirac Medal in 2003. Instead of confirming this solution, however, several existing simulations and experiments suggest a spectrum of $k^{-3}$ in set-ups corresponding to the inverse cascade. We provide a theoretical explanation for the latter, considering the condensate that naturally forms in finite domains of experiments/simulations. Our new theory hinges on: (1) derivation of a spectral diffusion equation when non-local interactions with the condensate become dominant, for the first time systematically formulated for quartet-interaction systems; and (2) careful analysis of the asymptotics of interaction coefficient with a remarkable cancellation of all leading-order terms.

From consolidation to disruption: A novel way to measure the impact of scientists and identify laureates

This study proposes a novel approach for evaluating the impact of scientists by introducing a new set of metrics and a dual measurement framework that combines the concepts of disruption and consolidation. Traditional metrics like total citation and h-index are limited in their ability to capture the full range of a scientist's influence, and therefore the Scientists' Disruptive Citation (SDC), Disruptive h-index (D h-index), and consolidating metrics are introduced to provide a more comprehensive evaluation of scientists' disruptive and consolidating influence. Using a dataset of 463,348 papers, 234,086 disambiguated scientists, and data on three important awards, including Nobel Prize, Wolf Prize, and Dirac Medal, in the field of Physics, this study demonstrates that the SDC and D h-index are superior to all benchmark metrics, including the conventional and normalized disruption-based measures, in terms of convergent validity. Second, this study analyzes the distribution of academic characteristics between award-winning and non-laureates, explores various metrics of scientists with high SDC and Scientists' Consolidating Citation (SCC), and finds that disruptive impact can identify successful scientists from their counterparts and serve as an early signal of successful scientists. Third, this study reveals that the disruptive citation proposed in this study is less susceptible to manipulation, making it a more reliable metric for assessing a scientist's or a single paper's disruptive impact than the CD-index. The results suggest that the SDC and D h-index are reliable metrics for measuring scientists' innovative influence and can aid in the development of future scientific research. Overall, this study provides a scientifically sound and effective new perspective on measuring scientists using a dual measurement of disruptive and consolidating influence.

National Medal of Science: A. P. Alivisatos and G. L. Richmond / National Medal of Technology and Innovation: J. M. DeSimone / WATOC Schrödinger Medal: H. Nakatsuji / WATOC Dirac Medal: J. Neugebauer

Angewandte Chemie International EditionVolume 55, Issue 16 p. 4861-4861 News National Medal of Science: A. P. Alivisatos and G. L. Richmond / National Medal of Technology and Innovation: J. M. DeSimone / WATOC Schrödinger Medal: H. Nakatsuji / WATOC Dirac Medal: J. Neugebauer First published: 03 March 2016 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201601874Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Graphical Abstract Volume55, Issue16April 11, 2016Pages 4861-4861 RelatedInformation

Exclusive Interview with Shoucheng Zhang (Stanford) on Topological Insulator

Prof Shoucheng Zhang, a well-renowned Chinese-American physicist, is the JG Jackson and CJ Wood Professor at Stanford University. He is internationally recognised for his research in topological insulators, quantum spin Hall effect, spintronics and high temperature superconductivity. His notable awards include the top three prizes of international physics field, namely the prestigious Dirac Medal and Prize in 2012, the Oliver Buckley prize in 2012 and the Europhysics prize in 2010.

Physicist Shoucheng Zhang Wins Prestigious Dirac Medal

Physics Professor Shoucheng Zhang has won the prestigious Dirac Medal, in recognition for his work advancing the understanding of an exotic form of matter known as topological insulator.

ICTP Awards 2012 Dirac Medal to Condensed Matter Physicists

ICTP Awards 2012 Dirac Medal to Condensed Matter Physicists

Robert Harry Kraichnan

Robert Harry Kraichnan

Fritzsch to receive University of South Wales Dirac medal

Fritzsch to receive University of South Wales Dirac medal Fritzsch to receive University of South Wales Dirac medal

Edwards, Lee Win Dirac Medal

Edwards, Lee Win Dirac Medal

Dirac Medal Honors Work in Turbulence

Dirac Medal Honors Work in Turbulence

Three Cosmologists Share Dirac Medal

Three Cosmologists Share Dirac Medal

Princeton Physicist Garners Dirac Medal

John J. Hopfield, a professor of computational neurobiology and biophysics at Princeton University, was awarded the Dirac Medal on 8 August by the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy. With the award, the ICTP has recognized, for the first time, the very different mode of theory that is necessary for making the connection between physics and biology.Each year on 8 August, ICTP commemorates the birthday of physicist and Nobel Prize winner P. A. M. Dirac by presenting the medal in recognition of significant contributions to theoretical physics and mathematics. This year’s medal acknowledges Hopfield’s “important contributions in an impressively broad spectrum of scientific subjects.” The ICTP points out that his “special and rare gift is his ability to cross the interdisciplinary boundary to discover new questions and propose answers that uncover the conceptual structure behind the experimental facts.”Hopfield’s achievements include the Hopfield model of neural processing, which demonstrates how computation is qualitatively different in a computer compared with that in the brain and relates some of the brain’s “neural algorithms” to the mathematics of magnetic systems. More recently, according to the ICTP, “he has found an entirely different [collective] organizing principle in olfaction and demonstrated a new principle in which neural function can take advantage of the temporal structure of the ‘spiking’ interneural communication.”In addition to the medal, Hopfield received a prize of $5000.© 2001 American Institute of Physics.

Georgi, Pati, Quinn Receive Dirac Medal

Georgi, Pati, Quinn Receive Dirac Medal

Parisi Honored with 1999 Dirac Medal

Parisi Honored with 1999 Dirac Medal

Interview with Peter Higgs

Peter Higgs, FRSE, FRS held until recently a personal chair in theoretical physics at the University of Edinburgh and is now an emeritus professor. Peter is well known for predicting the existence of a new particle, the Higgs boson - as yet unconfirmed. He has been awarded a number of prizes in recognition of his work, most recently the Paul Dirac Medal and Prize for outstanding contributions to theoretical physics from the Institute of Physics and the 1997 High Energy and Particle Physics Prize by the European Physical Society.

ICTP Dirac Medal Goes to Field Theorists

ICTP Dirac Medal Goes to Field Theorists

Dirac Medals Announced in Trieste

Dirac Medals Announced in Trieste

1995 Dirac Medal Goes to Berry

1995 Dirac Medal Goes to Berry

ICTP Presents Dirac Medals

ICTP Presents Dirac Medals

ICTP Awards Dirac Medals for Work in Theoretical Physics

ICTP Awards Dirac Medals for Work in Theoretical Physics