Dimethyltin Dichloride Research Articles

Novel organic–inorganic hybrid dimethyltin(IV) complexes of heterocyclic carboxylic acid and N-phthaloyl amino acids: Design, synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, DFT calculations and their anti-oxidant potential

Four new organic–inorganic hybrid dimethyltin(IV) complexes (1–4) having general formula Me2SnAL which were generated by the reaction of dimethyltin(IV) dichloride with sodium salts of indole-3-acetic acid (AH) and flexible N-phthaloyl amino acids (LH) in 1:1:1 molar ratio in refluxing dry THF. The plausible structure of newly generated complexes has been elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic [IR, NMR (1H,13C,119Sn), HRMS] studies. The suggested five coordinated geometry of the hybrid dimethyltin(IV) complexes have been further supported by computational calculations using density functional theory (DFT). DFT calculations were carried out using B3LYP/6-31G* functional basis set. DFT calculations furnish an insight into the optimized geometry, optimized energy, stability, global reactivity descriptors and frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis of newly synthesized organic–inorganic hybrid dimethyltin(IV) complexes. These newly synthesized complexes were also evaluated for their anti-radical activity by DPPH free radical scavenging assay. All the dimethyltin(IV) complexes acted as efficient radical scavengers.

Structural, Hirshfeld surface and molecular docking studies of a new organotin(IV)-phosphoric triamide complex and an amidophosphoric acid ester proposed as possible SARS-CoV-2 and Monkeypox inhibitors

Phosphoramides and their complexes are attractive compounds due to their significant inhibiting functionality in biological medicine. In this paper, a novel organotin(IV)-phosphoramide complex (Sn(CH3)2Cl2{[(3-Cl)C6H4NH]P(O)[NC4H8O]2}2, 1), derived from a reaction between phosphoric triamide ligand with dimethyltin dichloride, and a new amidophosphoric acid ester ([OCH2C(CH3)2CH2O]P(O)[N(CH3)CH2C6H5], 2), prepared from the condensation of a cyclic chlorophosphate reagent with N-methylbenzylamine, are structurally characterized and in silico investigated as potential SARS-CoV-2 and Monkeypox inhibitors by molecular docking simulation. Both compounds crystallize in the monoclinic crystal system with space group P21/c. The asymmetric unit of the complex 1 consists of one-half molecule, where SnIV is located on an inversion center, while the asymmetric part of 2 consists of one whole molecule. In the complex 1, the tin atom adopts a six-coordinate octahedral geometry with trans groups of (Cl)2, (CH3)2 and (PO)2 (PO = phosphoric triamide ligand). The molecular architecture consists of the N–H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds stretching as a 1D linear arrangement along the b axis with intermediate R22(12) ring motifs, whereas in the case of 2, the crystal packing is devoid of any classical hydrogen bond interaction. Furthermore, a graphical analysis by using Hirshfeld surface method identifies the most important intermolecular interactions being of the type H⋯Cl/Cl⋯H (for 1) and H⋯O/O⋯H (for 1 and 2), covering the hydrogen bond interactions N–H⋯Cl and C–H⋯O═P, respectively, which turn out to be favoured. A biological molecular docking simulation on the studied compounds provides evidence to suggest a significant inhibitory potential against SARS-COV-2 (6LU7) and Monkeypox (4QWO) especially for 6LU7 with a binding energy around −6 kcal/mol competing with current effective drugs against this virus (with a binding energy around −5 and −7 kcal/mol). It is worth noting that this report is the first case of an inhibitory potential evaluation of phosphoramide compounds on Monkeypox.

Catenated pyrrolidinium-magnesium-organochlorostannate ionic liquid electrolytes for multivalent metal batteries

The quest for the development of high performing secondary batteries is prompting the research activities in this field towards the exploitation of new cell concepts. In this concern, next-generation secondary batteries based on multivalent metals such as magnesium and tin are an important promise. In this report, a new family of multivalent metal-based ionic liquid (IL) electrolytes is developed. The proposed ILs are obtained by reacting 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium chloride (Pyr14Cl), dimethyl-tin dichloride and the highly electroactive δ-MgCl2 material. Thermal and vibrational spectroscopy studies reveal that the proposed electrolytes consist of domains of complex catenated 3D magnesium-organochlorostannate coordination networks neutralized by aggregates of Pyr14+ stacks. The anionic domains are composed by a network of catenated [Me2xSnxCl2x+y]y− repeat units bonded by MgClx bridges. Cyclic voltammetry studies reveal that the metal deposition and stripping processes occur with a low overpotential in the order of few tens of mV. Finally, broadband electrical spectroscopy studies show that these new IL electrolytes: (i) are characterized by a room temperature ionic conductivity in the order of 10−3 S cm−1; and (ii) exhibit host matrix relaxations which are very effective in facilitating the long-range charge migration processes responsible for the overall conductivity of materials.

Simulated gastric hydrolysis and developmental toxicity of dimethyltin bis(2-ethylhexylthioglycolate) in rats.

Dimethyltin dichloride is used as the putative toxophore for dimethyltin bis-alkylthio esters in a read-across approach. Recent chemical and toxicological investigations challenges this read across as data on dioctyltin bis(2-ethylhexyl thioglycolate) and dibutyltin bis(2-ethylhexyl thioglycolate) showed the dialkyltin thioglycolates do not generate dialkyltin dichloride. Results obtained by 119Sn-NMR spectroscopy demonstrated that dimethyltin bis(2-ethylhexyl thioglycolate), the smallest commercially manufactured dialkyltin thioester molecule of this kind, hydrolyzed to dimethyltin chloro-(2-ethylhexyl) thioglycolate under simulated gastric conditions. These studies did not detect dimethyltin dichloride. Dimethyltin bis(2-ethylhexyl thioglycolate) was administered orally to timed-pregnant Wistar-Han rats in an Arachis oil vehicle at 5, 10, and 25mg/kg/day [Gestation Day 6 (GD6) through GD20] with no maternal deaths observed. At 25mg/kg/day treatment statistically significant reductions occurred in feed consumption (-9%), maternal body weight (-2.4%) and adjusted maternal weight gain (-68%). There were no adverse gestational findings. Maternal thymus weight was significantly reduced in rats at 25mg/kg in the absence of changes in hormone levels of T3, T4 or TSH. There were no effects on fetal growth, no dose-dependent pattern of external, visceral, or skeletal malformations and no toxicologically relevant increase in anatomical variations at any dose group. Based on the obtained experimental data it is concluded that dimethyltin bis(2-ethylhexyl thioglycolate) forms dimethyltin chloro-(2-ethylhexyl thioglycolate), not dimethyltin dichloride, in the stomach environment at pH 1.2, and dimethyltin bis(2-ethylhexyl thioglycolate) was not teratogenic nor fetotoxic in rats. The maternal NOAEL was 10mg/kg/day, and the developmental NOAEL was 25mg/kg/day, the high dose. The maternal LOAEL was 25mg/kg/day based on decreased food consumption, lower adjusted mean body weight gain and reduced maternal thymus weight.

Immobilization of isolated dimethyltin species on crystalline silicates through surface modification of layered octosilicate.

Single metal atoms supported on silica are attractive catalysts, and precise control of the local environment around the metal species is essential. Crystalline silica is useful as an efficient support for the incorporation of well-defined metal sites. Dimethyltin species were regularly grafted onto the layer surfaces of layered octosilicate, a type of two-dimensional (2D) crystalline silica. Dimethyltin dichlorides react with the surface silanol (SiOH) groups of the silicate layers. The formation of Si-O-Sn bonds was confirmed by 29Si magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR. X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) analysis showed the four-coordinated Sn species. These results suggested the presence of well-defined dipodal dimethyltin species on the layer surfaces. The degree of modification of the silanol groups with the dimethyltin groups increased with increasing amounts of dimethyltin dichloride; however, the maximum degree of modification was approximately 50%. This value was interpreted as an alternate modification of the octosilicate reaction sites with dimethyltin groups. These results demonstrate the potential for developing highly active single metal catalysts with a high density of regularly arranged active sites on high surface area supports.

MORPHOLOGY AND RESISTIVITY VALUE OF FLOURINE-DOPED TIN OXIDE (FTO) USING INDONESIAN LOCAL DIMETHYLTIN DICHLORIIDE (DTMC) PRECURSORS

Transparent Conductive Oxide (TCO) is the main component for solar cell fabrication. One of the promising types of TCO is fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO). The method used in depositing the conductive layer of FTO is spray pyrolysis with an ultrasonic nebulizer. The precursor is a local Indonesian product, dimethyl tin dichloride (DMTC), with doping ammonium fluoride (NH4F). The variable that used in this study were variations in deposition time (5. 10. 15. 20, and 25 minutes) with a fixed substrate temperature at 300°C and doping variations (un-doped, 2 wt.% doped and 8 wt.% doped) to see the effect of adding F doping to the precursor solution. The resistivity value with deposition time of 5. 10. 15. 20 and 25 minute (2 wt.% doped) is 0.218x100; 0.449x10-1; 1,567x10-2; 0.676x10-2 0.377x10-2 Ω.cm. For doping variations (un-doped, 2 wt% doped and 8 wt% doped) the value is 0.883x10-2; 0.377x10-2; 0.506x10-3 Ω.cm. There is a decreasing trend in the resistivity values obtained along with the increase in deposition time and the addition of doping to obtain better conductive properties. The grain size will increase with increasing deposition time and the addition of doping. The optimum resistivity value obtained in this study was 0.377x10-2 Ω.cm, obtained at the deposition time of 25 minutes with 2 wt.% doping.

Investigation of solvent-free esterification of levulinic acid in the presence of tin(IV) complexes

In this study, for the first time, the use of dibutyltin dichloride (Bu2SnCl2), dimethyltin dichloride (Me2SnCl2), butyltin trichloride (BuSnCl3) and butyl stannoic acid (BuSnO(OH)) as catalysts in the esterification of levulinic acid (LA) was investigated through a comparison with reactions performed without the use of a catalyst. The most active system (BuSnCl3) led to 93% conversion of LA in 360 min at 110 °C with an LA:EtOH:CAT molar ratio of 1:5:0.01. The apparent rate constants (kap) for LA conversion confirm these results, and values of 6.2 × 10−3, 12.5 × 10−3 and 19.4 × 10−3 min−1 were obtained at 70, 90 and 110 °C, respectively. The activation energy for LA conversion was determined employing BuSnCl3 and the value was 31.2 kJ mol−1.

Tin-Naphthalene Sulfonic Acid Complexes as Photostabilizers for Poly(vinyl chloride).

Poly(vinyl chloride) degrades when exposed to ultraviolet light for long durations; therefore, the photostability of polymeric materials should be enhanced through the application of additives. New organotin complexes containing 4-aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid were synthesized and their role as poly(vinyl chloride) photostabilizers were evaluated. The reaction of 4-amino-3-hydroxynaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid and appropriate di- or trisubstituted tin chloride (triphenyltin chloride, tributyltin chloride, dibutyltin dichloride, and dimethyltin dichloride) in methanol under reflux gave the corresponding tin-naphthalene complexes with yields of 75%–95%. Elemental analyses and spectroscopic techniques including infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance (proton and tin) were used to confirm their structures. The tin complexes were added to poly(vinyl chloride) to produce thin films that irradiated with ultraviolet light. Various parameters were assessed, such as the weight loss, formation of specific functional groups, changes in the surface due to photoirradiation, and rate constant of photodegradation, to test the role played by the organotin complexes to reduce photodegradation in polymeric films. The results proved that organotin complexes acted as photostabilizers in these circumstances. The weight loss, formation of fragments containing specific functional groups, and undesirable changes in the surface of polymeric films were limited in the presence of organotin complexes. Organotin complexes containing three phenyl groups showed the most desirable stabilization effect. These act as efficient primary and secondary photostabilizers, and as decomposers for peroxides. In addition, such an additive inhibits the dehydrochlorination process, which is the main cause of poly(vinyl chloride) photodegradation.

Investigation of Sn(IV) catalysts in glycerol acetylation

The catalysts dibutyltin dichloride (Bu2SnCl2), dimethyltin dichloride (Me2SnCl2), butyltin trichloride (BuSnCl3), dibutyltin dilaurate (Bu2SnLau2), butyl stannoic acid [BuSnO(OH)], and di-n-butyl-oxo-stannane (Bu2SnO) were investigated in the acetylation of glycerol (GLY). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that this family of catalysts is employed for this reaction and the catalysts bearing chlorine substituents provided the best results. The most active system (BuSnCl3) leads to the total conversion of GLY and shows very good selectivity (25.7, 43.5 and 30.8 % for MA, DA and TA, respectively) under mild reaction conditions (80 °C, AA:GLY molar ration of 4:1 with 3 h of reaction). The apparent rate constants (kap) for the GLY conversion confirm these results, since values of 29.1 × 10−3, 67.9 × 10−3 and 87.2 × 10−3 h−1 were obtained at 40, 80 and 120 °C, respectively. The activation energy for GLY conversion was determined and for the reaction performed without catalyst the estimated value was 23.9 kJ mol−1 while using BuSnCl3 it was 14.3 kJ mol−1, representing a decrease of around 50 %.

Equilibrium studies of binary and mixed-ligand dimethyltin(IV) complexes involving homopiperazine and DNA constituents with reference to the antitumor activity

ABSTRACT The reaction of dimethyltin(IV) dichloride (DMT) with homopiperazine (HPIP) was studied. The equilibria of the complexes formed in solution were investigated. The complexes detected are of 1:1 stoichiometry in addition to the protonated and hydrolysed species. The complex formation constants were determined by the use of potentiometric technique and the non-linear computer program Miniquad-75. The dielectric constant effect of the reaction medium on the formation of the complexes was investigated. Formation constants of the complexes were determined at different temperatures and the thermodynamic parameters as ΔH° and ΔS° were estimated and discussed. The ternary complexes of dimethyltin(IV) with HPIP and DNA constituents are formed by a simultaneous mechanism. Their formation constants were determined. The speciation diagrams of the binary and mixed-ligand complexes were evaluated.

Selective cytotoxicity of organotin(IV) compounds with 2,3-dihydroxybenzyldithiocarbazate Schiff bases

A series of tridentate ONS Schiff bases were synthesised via condensation by reacting 2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde with S-2-methylbenzyldithiocarbazate (S2MBDTC) (1), S-4-methylbenzyldithiocarbazate (S4MBDTC) (2) and S-benzyldithiocarbazate (SBDTC) (3) in an equimolar ratio (10 mmol). The Schiff bases were then reacted with diphenyltin(IV) and dimethyltin(IV) dichloride in an equimolar ratio (1 mmol) yielding six new organotin(IV) compounds (4–9). All the compounds were successfully characterised by elemental analysis, FT-IR, multinuclear NMR, UV–Vis, mass spectroscopy and molar conductivity. The molecular geometries for five compounds, 3, 5, 6, 8 and 9, have been established by X-ray crystallography. The five-coordinate geometry for each of the diorganotin molecules was defined by two carbon atoms from the tin-bound substituents as well as three donor atoms derived from the dinegative, tridentate dithiocarbazate ligands, namely thiolate-S, phenoxide-O and imine-N atoms. The resultant five-coordinate C2NOS geometries were intermediate between ideal square pyramidal and trigonal bipyramidal geometries. The diphenyltin(IV) compounds (4–6) exhibited particularly promising and selective cytotoxicity against the A2780 (ovarian), BE2-C (neuroblastoma), SJ-G2 (glioblastoma) and MIA (pancreas) cancer cell lines. The interactions of the compounds (4–9) with calf thymus (CT-DNA) were evaluated using an electronic absorption method, and 7, 8, 9 were found to have good DNA binding affinity. The molecular docking studies of compounds (4–9) with DNA revealed that the compounds interacted with duplex DNA via hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions.

Measurement and correlation of the solubility of tin compounds and β-diketimine in selected solvents

The solubility of organotin compounds under inert atmosphere plays a significant role in homogeneous catalysis process; however, no such study has been reported. The solubilities of dimethyltin dichloride (1), stannous chloride (2), β-diketiminato ligand LH (3) (L = HC(CMeNAr)2, Ar = 2,6-Et2C6H3), and tin (II) compound [LSnCl] (4) in six organic solvents were measured using a static analytic method from 268.15 K to 313.15 K under a purified nitrogen atmosphere to select the optimum solvent for a homogeneous reaction and recrystallization. The difference in solubility can be attributed to molecular structure, coordination bonding, and molecular polarity. Six commonly used thermodynamic models were used to correlate the experimental solubility data. Some models show a great correlation with a low value of average absolute deviation (AAD). In addition, the solubility parameter of solute, partial molar excess enthalpies at infinite dilution, and thermodynamic properties were calculated to study the dissolution behavior in more depth.

Exploiting the versatility of pyridyl ligands for the preparation of diorganotin (IV) adducts: spectral, crystallographic and Hirshfeld surface analysis studies

Diorganotin (IV) complexes SnR2X2 (R = Me, Ph; X = Cl, NCS) form a series of versatile complexes when react with bidentate substituted pyridyl ligands. The reaction of dimethyltin dichloride with 5,5′‐dimethyl‐2,2′‐bipyridine (5,5′‐Me2bpy) resulted in the formation of [SnMe2Cl2(5,5′‐Me2bpy)] (1). Moreover, the reaction of SnMe2(NSC)2 with 4,4′‐di‐tert‐butyl‐2,2′‐bipyridine (bu2bpy), 1,10‐phenanthroline (phen) and 4,7‐diphenyl‐1,10‐phenanthroline (bphen) affords the hexa‐coordinated complexes [SnMe2(NCS)2(bu2bpy)] (2), [SnMe2(NCS)2(phen)] (3) and [SnMe2(NCS)2(bphen)] (4), respectively. The resulting complexes have been characterized using elemental analysis, IR, multinuclear NMR (1H, 13C, 119Sn) and DEPT‐135° NMR spectroscopy. On the other hand, the reaction of diphenyltin dichloride with 2,2′‐biquinoline (biq) and 4,7‐phenantroline (4,7‐phen) led to the formation of polymeric complexes of [SnPh2Cl2(4,7‐phen)]n (5) and [SnPh2Cl2(biq)]n (6). The NMR spectra, however, reveal the ligand lability in solution and suggest a coordination number of 5. The X‐ray crystal structures of complexes [SnMe2Cl2(5,5′‐Me2bpy)] (1), [SnMe2(NCS)2(bu2bpy)] (2) and [SnMe2(NCS)2(bphen)] (4) have been determined which reveal that the geometry around the tin atom is distorted octahedral with trans‐[SnMe2] configuration. Interestingly, the crystal structure of (H2biq)2[SnPh2Cl4]•2CHCl3 (7) was characterized by X‐ray crystallography from a chloroform solution of [SnPh2Cl2(biq)]n (6) indicating the formation of doubly protonated [H2biq]+ and [Ph2SnCl4]2− which are stabilized by a network of hydrogen bonds with a feature of trans‐[SnPh2]. The 3D Hirshfeld surface analysis and 2D fingerprint maps were used for quantitative mapping out of the intermolecular interactions for 1, 2, 4 and 7 which show the presence of π‐π and hydrogen bonding interactions which are associated between donor and acceptor atoms (N, S, Cl) in the solid state.

Tailoring Structural Diversity in Dimethyltin Carboxylates by the pH-Controlled Hydrothermal Approach.

The study presents a rational synthesis of new dimethyltin carboxylates, Me2Sn(H2btec) (1), Me2Sn(btec)0.5(2), [Me2Sn(H2O)2(btec)0.5]·H2O (3), and [{Me2SnOSn(OH)Me2}(Me2SnOH)(btec)0.5]·H2O (4), derived from tetratopic 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid (H4btec). The method relies upon hydrothermal reaction (130 °C, 72 h) of dimethyltin dichloride and H4btec under optimized pH (2 < pH < 8) conditions that allow control over dimethyltin speciation in aqueous medium as well as degree of deprotonation of the tetrafuntional carboxylic acid. The formation of a three-dimensional assembly in 1 is assisted by the bridging bidentate (μ2) mode of the carboxylate and O-H···O hydrogen bonds involving -COOH groups. The structure represents a unique example of the diorganotin framework derived from a partially deprotonated polyfuntional carboxylic acid. The structure of 2 adopts a three-dimensional motif wherein each pair of μ2-carboxylate groups (designated by C1 and C4) of the tetraanionic ligand form different spatial arrangements. For 3, the formation of one-dimensional motif with eight-coordinated tin atoms is assisted by the anisobidentate character of the carboxylate groups. The structure of 4 includes linear chains comprised of [Me2Sn(μ2-OH)]2 and the carboxylate ligand which extend to a layered motif with symmetrically substituted ladder-like distannoxanes acting as linkers. The underlying nets of 1, 2, and 4 exhibit sqc11, scu(sqc170), and sql topologies, respectively. Notably, these assemblies are extremely robust and show no sign of degradation upon exposure to neutral as well as weakly acidic/basic aqueous medium for 7 days.

A liquid chromatography detector based on continuous-flow chemical vapor generation coupled glow discharge atomic emission spectrometry: Determination of organotin compounds in food samples

A novel liquid chromatography (LC) detector based on continuous-flow chemical vapor generation (CVG)-coupled glow discharge (GD) atomic emission spectrometry (AES) was proposed herein for the simultaneous determination of organotins (OTs) in food samples. OTs were separated on an LC column and converted into volatile gases by the CVG technique. The GD microplasma was used to excite the Sn atoms to generate the special atomic emission lines of Sn at 317.66 nm, which were recorded by a charge-coupled device (CCD) spectrometer. For an injection volume of 1 mL, the linear correlation coefficients (R) were higher than 0.99 in the concentration range from 0.1 to 10 μg mL−1. The recoveries of OTs from spiked samples were 70–103%, and the relative standard deviations (RSD) were 0.2–8.7%. The limits of detection (LOD) for the tested OTs, i.e. trimethyltin chloride (TMT) and dimethyltin dichloride (DMTC), were determined to be 0.59 and 0.93 μg L−1, respectively. The CVG-GD-AES detector can be used to simultaneously determine TMT and DMTC with high sensitivity, in a simple and cost-effective manner.

Synthesis, characterization and electroluminescence properties of a new mixed-ligand diorganotin(IV) complex

AbstractA new mixed-ligand diorganotin(IV) complex, [μ-(4-dpe){Me2Sn(cup)2}2] (1), was synthesized by reacting dimethyltin(IV) dichloride with 1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethylene (4-dpe) and ammonium N-Nitroso-N-phenylhydroxylamine (cup). The prepared complex was fully characterized by PXRD,1H,13C and119Sn NMR, IR, and UV spectra and elemental analysis (CHN). The structural analysis of complex1by X-ray diffraction showed that this compound consists of centrosymmetric binuclear units that crystallize in the monoclinic system with the space group ofP21/c. Thermal behavior of this complex was interrogated by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TGA and DTA) under air atmosphere. The study of thermal behavior and luminescence properties of prepared diorganotin(IV) complex exhibited that this complex can be used as a emitting layer in the preparation of optical devices. The prepared coordination compound was used in two different concentrations in the manufacture of two light-emitting diodes (OLEDs).

Crystal structure, cytotoxicity and biological activity of hydrogen bonded networks based on dimethyltin (IV) and bipodal ligands

The supramolecular complexes (SC) of the type [Me2SnCl2L], L = 2,2′-bipyridine (2,2′-bpy), SC 1, 4,4′-bipyridine (4,4′-bpy), SC 2, and (1,10-phenanthroline), SC 3, have been synthesized and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, UV–Vis, 1H and 13C NMR spectra and X-ray single crystal. The X-ray data of SC 1 and SC 2 exhibited 1:1 stoichiometry for the dimethyltin dichloride: bipodal ligand. The structure of SC 1 extends along the a-axis in a parallel way forming 1D-chains via H-bonds while they further propagate creating 2D-network via extensive H-bonds. The extending structure of the SC 2 along the a-axis consists of parallel 1D-chains via H-bonds creating the A … A … A fashion. Molecular modeling studies of SC 3 indicated that Sn(IV) center acquires N2C2Cl2 octahedral geometry. The tested compounds SC 1, SC 2 and SC 3 were found to inhibit cell proliferation and induce high percent of apoptotic towards human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7), liver carcinoma (HEPG2), colorectal carcinoma (HCT-116), cervical carcinoma (HELA) and prostate cancer (PC3) cell lines in vitro model within short times of treatment. The anti-Oxidant and anti-hemolytic assays employ that SC 1 exhibits moderate antioxidant activity as well as the most potent anti-hemolysis activities compared with ascorbic acid. The antimicrobial assessment has been also studied by disc diffusion method.

Oxygen vacancy modulation of commercial SnO2 by an organometallic chemistry-assisted strategy for boosting acetone sensing performances

Oxygen vacancies play a critical role in the sensing performances for metal oxides-based chemiresistor-type sensors. Developing facile and effective strategies for fabricating metal oxides with controllable oxygen vacancies is in great demand but remains paramount challenge. Herein, a novel organometallic chemistry-assisted method is reported to prepare SnO2 samples containing controllable surface oxygen vacancies. This new approach combines modification of SnO2 with dimethyltin dichloride, and subsequently thermal treatment in air atmosphere. Taking commercial SnO2 as an example, it is found that the optimized SnO2 sample possesses highest surface oxygen vacancy concentration of 37.13%. Owing to increased oxygen vacancy concentration, the resulting SnO2 sample (SnO2-Sn-0.5) presents excellent sensing performances for detection of acetone, including high response, fast response and recovery rate, good selectivity, compared with pristine SnO2 with low oxygen vacancy concentration (28.66%). This work paves a new avenue for fabricating metal oxides with controllable oxygen vacancies for various applications of sensing, energy storage, and so on.

New organotin(IV) chlorides derived from N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)aryloxy sulfamates. Synthesis, characterization and DSC investigation

Three monomeric pentacoordinate organotin complexes were prepared by the reaction of dimethyltin dichloride with three N-(2-hydroxy)phenyl substituted aryloxy sulfamates in alkaline medium. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized on the basis of their infrared, CPMAS NMR, powder XRD diffraction and elemental analysis. The XRD powder analyses revealed a tetragonal system for two complexes, whereas the third one was crystallized in the hexagonal system. The thermal decomposition behavior of the synthesized complexes have been investigated and all the organotin compounds have a similar order of thermal stability. Synopsis We synthesized three organotin complexes 3a-c and have investigated their thermal properties. The XRD powder analyses revealed tetragonal system for two complexes, whereas the third one crystallized in hexagonal system. The differential scanning calorimetric data demonstrate high stability of all the synthesized complexes.

Supramolecular design and biological activity of coordination polymer based on dimethyltin (IV) and N-donor ligand

The supramolecular polymer of the type [Me2SnCl2L], 1, L = 2,2'-bipyridine (2,2'-bpy), has been synthesized by the reaction of dimethyltin (IV) dichloride and 5-nitroisophthallic acid in the presence of sodium ethoxide and 2,2'-bpy. The compound was structurally characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR spectra and X-ray single crystal. The x-ray data exhibited 1:1 stoichiometry for the dimethyltin dichloride: 2,2'-bpy ligands. The structure of 1 extends along the a-axis in a parallel way forming 1D-chains via H-bonds while they further propagate creating 2D- network via extensive H-bonds. The biological activity against some fungi and bacterial microorganisms has been also studied.