Dimethylglyoxime Research Articles

Thermally stimulated bio-acrylate based detachable adhesives with sustainable bonding-debonding design

The electronics and automotive industries utilize acrylic adhesives extensively. Their exceptional mechanical strength, accompanied by their permanent nature, renders recycling impracticable. Present work has successfully synthesized acrylate biopolymer based detachable adhesive, which is both eco-friendly and sustainable. Glycerol, from mustard oil, was oxidatively-dehydrated to synthesize acrylic acid, which along with dimethyl glyoxime was chain polymerized to obtain an eco-friendly acrylic based hot melt detachable adhesive (AAHMDA). Mechanical strength of prepared adhesive was tested through thermo-mechanical bonding-debonding cycles on glass, wood, and metal. In three tests of 0.2 g adhesive against specific applied stress on all surfaces, metal (1494.49 N/m2) and wood (1851.17 N/m2) remained intact for 2 h and 30 min. Maximum cleavage stress (applied weight) on glass, wood, and metal slides, using 0.2 g adhesive, was found to be 26503.61 N/m2 (1200 g), 19824.71 N/m2 (950 g), and 26328.24 N/m2 (1300 g), respectively, when repeatedly tested for 15 cycles. Gel contents and water absorption capacity of sample were found at 99.79 % and 38.78 %, respectively. Prepared AAHMDA possesses the capability to create a robust mechanical bond that is readily detachable when heated, which makes it a cost effective adhesive. Owing to its strong bonding and simple detachment procedure, AAHMDA appears to have a promising future in materials research, sustainability initiatives, and changing industry demands.

Development of 2D Ir-DMG nanosheets as a colorimetric sensor probe for Ni (II) sensing and a highly sensitive, reliable, and portable colorimetric sensor device for environmental analysis

The era of nanomaterials made a revolutionary change in colorimetric sensing with ultra-high sensitivity, improved reactivity, and enhanced photoactivity. The first-ever novel 2D metal–organic nanosheets were synthesized using IrCl3 and Dimethylglyoxime (DMG) by probe ultrasonication (PUS) followed by a solvothermal wet-chemical approach. This material has shown a rapid color change from yellow to crimson red with Ni (II) after the formation of complex. The UV–visible absorption spectra are the conventional methodology for colorimetric sensors and here, it was given a perfect linear relationship with an R2 of 0.99 and an LOD of 1.60 µM (0.1 ppm). The average calculated molar extinction coefficient for this system was 1889.30 M−1 cm−1. This is comparatively high absorptivity value. In addition, a novel Arduino-based colorimetric sensor device and corresponding software were developed under the name of “Chrom Metrics”. This Arduino device is unique since it can sense all wavelengths and the combined RGB delta E values. Therefore, it can provide more information/rationale for colorimetry than other devices/methods. The same Ir-DMG & Ni (II) system showed a perfect linear relationship with an R2 of 0.98 and a LOD of 0.85 µM (0.05 ppm) by the data obtained from this sensor device. Thus, this new device is easier and more accurate, highly efficient, rapid, highly selective, and sensitive.

Boosting the Electrochemical Oxygen Evolution with Nickel Oxide Nanoparticle-Modified Glassy Carbon Electrodes in Alkaline Solutions.

The present work investigates the electrocatalysis of oxygen evolution (OE) on a glassy carbon electrode modified with nickel oxide nanoparticles (NPs) (nano-Ni) in an alkaline solution. The nano-Ni is electrodeposited from an acidic sulfate electrolyte containing various additives, such as glucose, glycerol, and dimethyl glyoxime. The NPs are characterized morphologically and electrochemically using scanning electron microscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The elemental composition and electronic state of the modified electrodes were analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. A considerable enhancement in electrocatalytic activity, depending on the additives used, is observed. The study also explores the effect of nickel oxide loading to optimize the process. The highest cathodic shift in the onset potential of the oxygen evolution reaction is achieved with nickel oxide deposited in the presence of ethylene glycol.

Development of an Efficient Process for the Separation of Co(ii), Mn(ii), and Ni(ii) from Chloride Solution by Precipitation

ABSTRACT The demand for nickel, cobalt, and manganese is increasing owing to their critical role in the performance of lithium-ion batteries. Precipitation is simpler to operate than solvent extraction in the separation of metal ions. In this work, precipitation-based procedures were developed to separate Co(II), Mn(II) and Ni(II) from synthetic chloride solutions. Dimethylglyoxime (DMG) was effective in selectively precipitating Ni(II) from the chloride solutions containing Co(II) and Mn(II). Solution pH greatly affected the precipitation of Ni(II) by DMG. In the first procedure, Ni(II) was first precipitated using DMG from solution with initial pH 6 at a DMG/Ni(II) molar ratio of 3, a reaction time of 30 min and then Co(II) was separated from the filtrate by precipitation with Na2S, with optimal conditions being an initial pH of 6, a Na2S/Co(II) molar ratio of 2 and a reaction time of 15 min. In the second procedure, both Ni(II) and Co(II) was simultaneously precipitated with Na2S, leaving Mn(II) in the filtrate. Then the mixed sulfides of Co(II) and Ni(II) were dissolved by using HCl solution containing NaClO as an oxidizing agent. From the leaching solution, Ni(II) was separated by precipitation with DMG. Optimum conditions for the separation conditions were obtained. In both procedures, the separation degree among the three metal ions was higher than 99%. The developed procedures were simple and effective for the separation of the three metal ions compared to solvent extraction.

Poly(ethylene glycol)-based polyurethanes based on dynamic oxime-urethane bonds for sustainable thermal energy storage

Traditional poly(ethylene glycol)-based polyurethane phase change materials (PUPCMs) are difficult to reprocess and non-recyclable because of their permanently cross-linking structure, leading to issues of resource waste. To overcome this problem, this study introduces dynamic bonds in PUPCMs to develop dynamic cross-linking networks. A series of polyurethane phase change materials containing dynamic oxime-urethane bonds (DOU-PUPCMs) are prepared using poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), dimethylglyoxime (DMG) and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) as raw materials. It has been shown that the obtained DOU-PUPCMs exhibit good heat storage capability and outstanding thermal stability. Importantly, the introduction of oxime-urethane groups provided DOU-PUPCMs with processibility. After multiple reprocessing cycles, the chemical structure and energy storage capacity of the DOU-PUPCMs essentially remain consistent with the original samples. The breaking and restructuring of oxime-urethane bonds and hydrogen bonds in DOU-PUPCMs makes them recyclable. This is not only significant for the development of recyclable and sustainable energy storage materials, but also complements studies such as the application of oxime-urethane bonds to PCMs.

A modification of the dimethylglyoxime method for Nickel determination: Application in bioremediation processes

BackgroundEnvironmental contamination with nickel is increasing due to the discharge of industrial effluents and other anthropogenic activities. Therefore, the improvement of methods for monitoring nickel concentration is of great value. The dimethylglyoxime (DMG) method is used to determine the nickel concentration in aqueous solutions. This method requires the oxidation of Ni(II) to Ni(IV) by bromine water before adding DMG, which is necessary to complete color development. The original method uses more than 50 mL of final reagent volume per sample. In this study, a volume reduction of the DMG method was performed. ResultsA volume reduction of 1 mL per sample was successfully achieved for the DMG method. The working range was 0 - 10 mg Ni(II) L−1. The specified limits of detection and quantification (LOQ and LOD) were 1.18 and 0.41 mg L−1 respectively. A comparative analysis with atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) showed no significant differences between both methods for nickel determination. The modified DMG method was effective for the measurement of nickel in experimental samples from a bioremediation assay. ConclusionThe modified DMG method offers considerable advantages. The modified method reduces the volume of reagents used from 50 mL to just 1 mL. The requirement of smaller volume of each reagent is economically favorable, and consequently the amount of passive waste generated is reduced. It is easily reproducible in a laboratory with access to a spectrophotometer and simple reagents. In addition, the possibility to measure samples from bioremediation assays is an advantage.

Study on the effect of chain extenders on aliphatic polyurethane and its application

AbstractThermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) has been applied to high‐performance laminated glass depending on its high impact strength and bonding properties. The utilization of various polyurethane molecular structures in laminated glass is scarcely reported. The selection and application of chain extenders are crucial for TPU performance. In this work, aliphatic polyurethane film with high strength has been successfully synthesized, incorporating chain extender of poly(propylene glycol) bis(2‐aminopropyl ether) (PEA230). The films with melting point above 80°C were prepared by adjusting the proportion of dimethylglyoxime (DMG), while simultaneously monitoring the thermal behavior of the samples by DMA. Results indicate that combining PEA230 and DMG in a 1:1 molar ratio yields the hydrogen bonding degree of 85.77%, toughness of 43.14 MJ m3, and shear stress of 1.8 MPa for the polyurethane film. Subsequently, laminated glasses based on the polyurethane film with different thermal properties were constructed successfully, and their super strong impact resistance was confirmed through falling ball impact experiments.

Absorption-based colorimetric detection of nickel(II) ion by phase separation of thermoresponsive magnetic nanoparticles under microflow.

Therma-Max™ LSA Streptavidin is a thermoresponsive magnetic nanoparticle (TMNP). It can be introduced conveniently to molecular recognition groups by avidin-biotin interaction. In this study, we demonstrated the detection of nickel(II) ions by the magnetic separation of TMNP induced by their phase transition under microflow. The NTA-tagged TMNP solution mixed with a Ni2+ sample was introduced into a microchannel with a well structure. Moreover, the sample was heated to induce the thermally induced aggregation of TMNP. The Ni-capturing TMNP were trapped in the well by magnetic fields. The supernatant was removed from the outlet, and a dimethylglyoxime (DMG) solution was introduced into the device for colorimetric detection in the well. Because DMG has a higher stability constant with Ni2+, sensitive colorimetric detection of Ni2+ can be achieved in devices where the sample volume, e.g., optical pathlength, is short. To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method, a recovery test was conducted using a commercially available cosmetic sample. Therein, complete collection was achieved.

Synthesis of a novel dimethylglyoxime-bridged phosphinate and its application in flame-retardant epoxy resins

Considering the need for flame retardancy in epoxy resin (EP), a novel dimethylglyoxime-bridged phosphinate (DMG-DC) has been suggested and applied for the purpose of flame-retardant modification of epoxy resin. As a result of the substitution reaction between dimethylglyoxime (DMG) and diphenylphosphoryl chloride (DPPC), DMG-DC was successfully characterized chemically. The research has demonstrated a notable enhancement in the flame-retardant characteristics of EP/DMG-DC. Especially, with the addition of 15 wt.% DMG-DC, the EP composite passed the UL-94 test with a V-0 rating and achieved a limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 28.4 %. In addition, cone calorimetry test (CCT) results showed that the peak heat release rate (PHRR), total heat release rate (THR), and carbon dioxide production (CO2P) of EP/DMG-DC-15 were reduced by 54.1 %, 35.2 %, and 64.4 %, respectively, compared to EP. Not merely, the activities of DMG-DC in the gas and condensed phases also enhanced the flame retardancy of EP. That was the decomposition of DMG-DC not only released phosphorus-containing radicals to trap reactive radicals and nitrogen-containing inert gases to dilute flammable materials but also promoted the epoxy matrix to form more char residues. Generally, this work develops a novel dimethylglyoxime-bridged phosphinate with the potential in the application of flame-retardant polymers.

Nickel oxide nanoparticles modified with dimethylglyoxime grafted on a cellulose surface as an efficient adsorbent for thin film microextraction of tramadol in biological fluids followed by its determination using HPLC.

In the current study, nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) modified with dimethylglyoxime (DMG) were deposited onto the cellulose surface (Ni(DMG)2-NiO-Cell) and used as an efficient adsorbent for thin film microextraction (TFME) of tramadol (TRA). The extracted TRA was determined using a high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detector (HPLC-UV). NiO NPs were synthesized by co-precipitation method on the surface of the cellulose substrate; afterward, its surface was modified by DMG to increase the extraction capability of the thin film toward TRA. The synthesized NiO-Cell and Ni(DMG)2-NiO-Cell thin films were characterized using various techniques. The effect of modification of the NiO thin film with DMG reagent on the extraction efficiency was investigated. The crucial parameters influencing the extraction efficiency, including extraction time, desorption time, desorption solvent, pH and salt content, were investigated via a one-at-a-time approach. The figures of merit for the developed method were evaluated in urine, plasma, and deionized water under the optimized extraction and desorption condition. The limits of detection and limits of quantification were in the range of 0.1 to 1 ng mL-1 and 0.3 to 3 ng mL-1, respectively, for the studied samples. The linear dynamic ranges of the developed TFME-HPLC-UV method were 0.3-1000, 1-2500, and 3-5000 ng mL-1 for the deionized water, urine, and plasma samples, respectively. The reproducibility and repeatability of the developed method was assayed in terms of intra-day, inter-day, and inter-thin film precisions by conducting six-replicate experiments at the concentration level of 0.1 and 1 μg mL-1, which were in the range of 5.9% to 8.3%. The sufficiency and applicability of the developed TFME-HPLC-UV method was investigated by determining TRA in urine and plasma samples, and the resulting relative recoveries (RR%) were 85.9% and 91.7%, respectively.

Synthesis and characterization of sesame oil based plasticizers for reversible bonding in thermally detachable polyurethane adhesives

Permanent adhesion causes immense problem during repairing of expensive components in electronics and automotive industries. Adhesives that can be reversibly debonded upon stimulus are a popular solution to this issue in the present day. Here, we report the synthesis of an eco-friendly polyurethane hot-melt detachable adhesives (HMDA) that uses oxime-carbamate bonding and is derived from natural and modified polyols from sesame seed oil. With the help of catalyst dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTDL), polyols and dimethyl glyoxime has been polymerized with toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and glycerin. FTIR, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) have been used to analyze prepared adhesives. Out of prepared samples, a very minute amount of hydroxylated sesame oil based sample (S3) has shown good binding strength with glass surface, having load capacity of 200 g/12 h and can be used repeatedly for >20 cycles.

Nickel release from hairdressing tools in the United States.

Hairdressers have a high prevalence of contact dermatitis, especially to nickel. The presence of nickel in hairdressing tools has been evaluated in the European Union, where the government limits nickel release levels from objects. The aim of this study is to qualitatively investigate nickel release in hairdresser tools in both rural and urban United States, a country without nickel release legislation. Hairdressers and individuals with hairdressing tools were invited to participate. Metallic parts of each tool were tested with dimethylglyoxime (DMG), which detects nickel release. Data on tool cost were recorded. A total of 89 tools from 9 salons and 2 over-the-counter sets were tested. Twenty-four (27%) tested positive: trimmers (100%), curling irons (100%), clippers (50%), hair clips (36%), texturizing shears (26%), and trimming shears (4%). Nickel was detected in both salon and over-the-counter tools, and rural and urban salons. Nickel-releasing tools were cheaper than DMG-negative tools of the same type. Our findings help explain the high prevalence of contact dermatitis among hairdressers, alert clinicians to consider occult occupational nickel when assessing patients with allergic contact dermatitis, reinforces the importance of using barrier protection including gloves when handling hairdressing tools including at home, and augments impetus for more legislation regulating common allergens.

Biophysical studies of single and double alkyl chain metallosurfactants in presence of ionic liquids as additive on its binding to calf thymus DNA

In this work, a binding study of DNA in ionic liquid media of single and double alkyl chain metallosurfactants types (trans-[Co(DH)2(HA)Cl]2+ (1) and trans-[Co(DH)2(HA)2]3+ (2)) where DH = dimethyl glyoxime and HA = hexadecylamine, have been carried out by various spectral techniques. The experimental results indicating that size and shape of the ligand and hydrophobicity of these complexes marked effect on the binding affinity of the complexes to CT DNA in groove binding mode and the order of their intrinsic DNA binding constants kb is kb = 1.2 × 105 (1) < kb 3.6 × 105 (2). In the presence of an ionic liquid additive, the binding strength of the surfactant-cobalt(III) complex to the DNA increased due to the double alkyl chain of metallosurfactant, being more hydrophobic, exhibits strong binding towards DNA in comparison to the single alkyl chain. This indicates that the long aliphatic chain amine ligand/s present in the metallosurfactant-oxime complex (2) play a definite role in the binding between the metallosurfactant-oxime complex and DNA through their hydrophobicity. Ethidium bromide (EB) shows that these complexes exhibit the ability to displace the DNA-bound EB indicating that the complexes bind to DNA in groove binding site. Observed changes in the circular dichoric spectra of DNA in the presence of metallosurfactant complexes support the strong binding of complexes with DNA. Cyclic voltammetry results also confirm this mode of binding. The results reveal that the extent of DNA binding of (2) was greater than that of (1).

A new sustainable approach using a composite material based on dimethylglyoxime and graphite immobilized on a 3D printed support for selective nickel detection

In this work, the development of a low-cost electrochemical device (U$ 0.02 per electrode) from the immobilization of a composite material (CM) based on graphite powder, dimethylglyoxime (DMG) and nail polish, on a 3D printed acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) support was proposed for direct, sensitive and selective determination of Ni(II) by square-wave cathodic adsorptive stripping voltammetry (SWCAdSV) in a reduction potential of −1.15 V (vs Ag|AgCl|KCl(sat)). The CM was properly characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy, additionally, the electrode surface of the proposed device (3Ds-CM/DMG) was morphologically characterized through images obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The electrode was applied as a proof of concept for monitoring Ni(II) levels in spiked tap water and synthetic urine samples. Under optimal analysis conditions, the developed method showed a good linear working range with concentrations ranging from 5 to 100 µg L−1, detectability (limit of detection) of 1.693 µg L−1, and excellent precision with relative standard deviation (RSD) of 2.9%. The doped samples at three concentration levels presented recovery values from 93.8 to 103.1%, using as a sample preparation step a simple dilution in supporting electrolyte. Furthermore, the results were analytically validated by statistical comparison with results obtained by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (F AAS). Finally, the electrodes showed RSD of 6.1% for construction reproducibility, which allows inferring that the proposed electrode proves to be a promising analytical tool with wide applicability.

Electrochemical sensing platform based on Zeolite/Graphite/Dimethylglyoxime nanocomposite for highly selective and ultrasensitive determination of nickel

In this work, the fabrication and analytical application of a novel, unique, mercury-free, and user-friendly voltammetric sensor of Ni(II) based on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with zeolite(MOR)/graphite(G)/dimethylglyoxime(DMG) composite (MOR/G/DMG-GCE) and the voltammetric procedure for highly selective, ultra-trace determination of nickel ions were reported for the first time. Deposition of a thin layer of the chemically active MOR/G/DMG nanocomposite enables the selective and effective accumulation of Ni(II) ions in the form of the DMG-Ni(II) complex. In 0.1 mol L−1 ammonia buffer (pH 9.0), the MOR/G/DMG-GCE exhibited linear response in the Ni(II) ions concentration range of 0.86 − 19.61 µg L−1 and 0.57 − 15.75 µg L−1, for the accumulation time of 30 s and 60 s, respectively. For 60 s of accumulation time, the limit of detection (S/N = 3) was 0.18 µg L−1 (3.04 nM), and sensitivity of 0.202 µA L µg−1 was achieved. The developed protocol was validated by the analysis of wastewater certified reference materials. Its practical usefulness was confirmed by the determination of nickel released from metallic jewelry submerged in artificial sweat and stainless steel pot during water boiling. The obtained results were verified by electrothermal atomic absorption spectroscopy as a reference method.

Separation and recovery of nickel cobalt manganese lithium from waste ternary lithium-ion batteries

In this paper, a combination of precipitation and solvent extraction was used to study the separation and recovery of nickel, cobalt, manganese and lithium from the acid leach solution of wasted ternary lithium-ion battery cathode materials. The effects of sulfuric acid concentration, hydrogen peroxide addition, liquid-to-solid ratio, time and temperature on the metal leaching rate were optimized, and the leaching kinetic analysis showed that the metal leaching was controlled by both the diffusion of the solid-phase product layer and the chemical reaction, but the diffusion of the solid-phase product layer was dominant. Dimethylglyoxime (DMG) was first used to remove nickel as Ni-(C4H8N2O2)2, and P204 and C272 were used to extract manganese and cobalt ions from the post-nickel removal solution step by step. The effects of volume fraction of organic solvent, O/A, pH of the aqueous phase and extraction time on the extraction rate were optimized, and the extraction mechanism was analyzed by FT-IR and slope method as a cation exchange reaction, specifically the ionic exchange of metal ions with H+ in the POH of the organic solvent, and also the coordination of trace metal ions with the PO, Finally, the metals in loaded organic phase were stripped to the solution by dilute sulfuric acid which were recovered as MnO2, CoC2O4 and Li2CO3, respectively. The recovery rates for nickel, cobalt, manganese and lithium in the whole process were 96.84 %, 81.46 %, 92.65 % and 91.39 % respectively, a technical route to recover nickel, cobalt, manganese and lithium from ternary LIBs was optimized, and extractants and DMG in the process could be recycled and reused.

Sorption of Ni(II) by sol-gel silica functionalized with DMG and other chelating agents

In this study, a comprehensive investigation of doping of sol-gel silica with DMG and other chelating agents is provided at room temperature using infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, SEM, EDS and powder XRD. Sol-gel silica was doped with dimethyl glyoxime (DMG), ethylenediamine (EDA), 1,10-Phenanthroline (Phen), dithizone (DZ), and sulfanilamide (SB) to investigate the sorption of Ni(II) from aqueous media. It is observed that the chelating agents are encapsulated by the pores of the xerogel from where they interact with the metal ions by ion exchange and chelation mechanism. Nickel complexes of the chelating agents were also synthesized. Sol-gel silica was doped with metal complexes for comparison with sol-gel silica with sorbed metal ions. Ni(II) in metal complex was compared with that in functionalized silica from EDS of both samples. The batch adsorption experiments were performed at room temperature and neutral pH. The developed method can be applied on large scale removal of Ni(II) using silica and chelating agents from cheap natural sources. The sorption process was completed within 5 minutes and 0.1 N HNO3 resulted in complete desorption of metal ions. The regenerated sorbent can be reused six times with negligible loss of sorption capacity.

Ingenious construction of Ni(DMG)2/TiO2-decorated porous nanofibers for the highly efficient photodegradation of pollutants in water

Dyes and metal ions which are the major components of effluents from industries such as textile, paper, leather, cosmetics and plastic, prove to be the most harmful and toxic of all the contaminants. Especially, Ni2+ as colorant and methylene blue (MB) are contained in the wastewater of printing and dyeing plant. Herein, novel porous dimethylglyoxime (DMG)/TiO2/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber mats were prepared via electrospinning to treat Ni2+ and MB mixture pollutants. The formation of red and virgulate Ni(DMG)2 on the nanofiber surface indicated that the composite possessed visible adsorption capacity (48.6895 mg g−1 in 120 min) as a benefit of the capability of DMG to sense Ni2+. Most importantly, the DMG/TiO2-decorated PAN nanofiber mats exhibited excellent photocatalytic MB degradation efficiency (97 % within 60 min) owing to the construction of heterjunctions between Ni(DMG)2 and TiO2 nanoparticles and the shortening of electron and hole transport paths by hierarchical structures. The skillful use of Ni(DMG)2 as an intermediate for photocatalytic MB degradation suggested that these functionalized nanofiber mats are promising candidates for practical application in sensing, heavy metal ion adsorption, and photocatalytic organic pollutant degradation.

Lead analysis by μSPE/FF-AAS: A comparative study based on dimethylglyoxime functionalized silica-coated magnetic iron/graphene oxides

Here, four new sorbents based on dimethylglyoxime (DMG) functionalized silica-coated magnetic iron/graphene oxides (Fe3O4/MGO) were synthesized. A comparative study was performed among them to evaluate the different substrates and the role of the spacer in improving the lead extraction efficiency and selecting the most efficient sorbent. Based on experimental results, MGO@SiO2@3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane@DMG was selected for magnetic dispersive μSPE of lead followed by flame (FAAS) and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (GFAAS). The sorbents were characterized by FT-IR, FE-SEM, EDX, TEM, and Zeta potential. Sorbent amount (40.5 mg), sample pH (7.7), sonication time of adsorption and desorption procedures (9 min), and volume and acid concentration (2.2 mL of 2.7 mol L−1 nitric acid) were optimized using experimental design. Linearity of 20.0–600.0 ng mL−1 and 0.5–3.0 ng mL−1 resulted by FAAS and GFAAS, respectively. LODs were 7.0 and 0.2 ng mL−1 by FAAS and GFAAS, respectively. Intra- and inter-day RSDs% (n = 3) at two concentration levels of 3.0 and 100.0 ng mL−1 were below 7.6%.The adsorption capacity was 45.05 mg g−1. The adsorption isotherm showed a better fitting with the Langmuir model. Relative recoveries (%) of 87.8–115.1% were obtained for measuring trace amounts of lead in water, hair, and nail samples.

An in-vitro anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial essential on Ni(II), Cd(II) mixed ligand complexes by using 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine and dimethylglyoxime

The objective of the present work deals among synthesis as well as characterization of Ni(II), Cd(II) mixed ligand complex were derived from 2,4 di-nitrophenyl hydrazine and dimethyl glyoxime. The mixed ligand metal complexes were prepared via 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine as well as dimethylglyoxime among Ni(II) and Cd(II) in molar radio (M:L1:L1) 1:1:1. CHNO analysis, conductivity measurement, PXRD, SEM, UV–visible, infrared spectrum, and magnetic susceptibility, thermal analysis were used to characterizedthe synthesized compounds. According to the study of the results, all of the metal complexes have octahedral geometry. The molar conductance value indicate that non-electrolytic character of compounds Ni(II), Cd(II). According to the powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) patterns, all of the compounds are crystalline character. Moreover the Ni(II), Cd(II) complexes were very stable in terms of thermal stability. Metal complexes have been tested against Gram-positive (S. aureus, B. subtilis and A. niger) and Gram-negative (P. aeruginosa, E. coli and C. albicans) pathogenic bacteria as well as fungus. As a result, the metal complexes have reported strong antimicrobial efficiency. ConclusionsFurthermore, applications of metal compounds were tested for anti-inflammatory efficiency utilize egg albumin. Result shows that the activities of metal complexes are good.