Dimensions Of Independent Variables Research Articles

The Nexus between Financial Development, Trade Performance and Growth in Nigeria

The study investigates the nexus between financial development, trade performance and growth in Nigeria between the period 1985 to 2020. Financial development, government expenditure, inflation rate and trade openness were used as dimensions of independent variables while real gross domestic product was used as the dependent variable. Annual time series data on our targeted variables were obtained from secondary sources including the Central Bank of Nigeria annual statistical bulletin, World Bank development indicators. The Eview9 Statistical Software was employed to analyze the data empirically. The Unit root test shows that financial development, government expenditure, trade openness and real gross domestic product are all stationary after first difference I(1) while inflation rate was stationary at level I(0). The data were analyzed using the Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL). The results of the ARDL estimates indicate that in the long run financial development and government expenditure coefficients have positive relationships with real gross domestic product and they are also statistically significant. The study recommends amongst others that Nigerian trade performance should be improved through economic diversification so as to reduce much emphasis on oil export and availability of funds from private sector at competitive interest rate in order to produce internationally competitive products should be encouraged. Also, there should be the implementation of monetary policies that would bring about stability in exchange rate, promote trade openness and ensure government purchases that enhances financial development.

Determining factors of labour market outcomes for recently graduated, underrepresented college students

This study examined the factors that determined labour market outcomes for recently graduated, underrepresented college students. Chile’s largest higher education institution, which has a significant number of first-generation students from more deprived social sectors, was considered. A quantitative methodology was applied using logistic and multinomial regression models. Occupational status and income level were chosen as the dependent variables and five dimensions of independent variables were considered: sociodemographic attributes, human capital, academic characteristics, personality traits, and work environment. The results indicated that males, graduates who worked during their studies, heads of households, graduates from technical-professional high schools, those who completed their higher education studies in a timely manner, those who worked for larger private companies, and those who worked in a different geographical region to the one in which they studied had better labour market outcomes. Suggestions for institutional practices to help underrepresented students have successful career transitions are discussed.

Impact of E-Services Quality on E-Loyalty in Paltel E-Satisfaction as a Mediating Variable

E-loyalty has received great interest from researchers as a key element for customer retention and the growth of firms as well as gaining new customers. This study aims to investigate the impact of the electronic website services quality on e-loyalty in the companies listed within Paltel using electronic satisfaction as a mediating variable. Seven dimensions of e-service quality are examined including content, structure, interaction, presentation, responsiveness, e-security, and reliability. The quantitative research approach is conducted on the returned 393 valid surveys. The findings revealed and emphasized the role played by e-satisfaction as a mediating variable between the independent variable's dimensions and the independent variable.

The strategic management of sustainable innovation and its relation to business models and corporate performance

The present study aims to analyse the relationship between the strategic management of sustainable innovation, business models, and business performance of manufacturing companies. The study is characterised as quantitative and consisted of a survey with 51 Brazilian industrial companies. Results showed that strategic management for sustainable innovation is associated with the business model and corporate performance, whereas positive associations between dependent and independent variable dimensions were found. Differences were found between adopting a management approach for sustainable innovation, innovation degree of the business model, and corporate performance, considering that there were significant differences in the means difference test and logistic regression analysis. Thus, it was possible to confirm the guiding hypotheses of this study.

The strategic management of sustainable innovation and its relation to business models and corporate performance

The present study aims to analyse the relationship between the strategic management of sustainable innovation, business models, and business performance of manufacturing companies. The study is characterised as quantitative and consisted of a survey with 51 Brazilian industrial companies. Results showed that strategic management for sustainable innovation is associated with the business model and corporate performance, whereas positive associations between dependent and independent variable dimensions were found. Differences were found between adopting a management approach for sustainable innovation, innovation degree of the business model, and corporate performance, considering that there were significant differences in the means difference test and logistic regression analysis. Thus, it was possible to confirm the guiding hypotheses of this study.

Impact of Brand Image, Service Quality and Trust on Customer Loyalty, Moderating Effect of Perceived Price Fairness and the Mediating Effect of Customer Satisfaction: Case Study on Telecommunication Sector of Pakistan

The aim of this study is to investigate the Impact of Brand Image, Service Quality and Trust on Customer Loyalty, Moderating Effect of Perceived Price Fairness and the Mediating Effect of Customer Satisfaction on telecommunication sector of Pakistan. This research is helpful to capture and retain the satisfied and loyal customer and it is useful to identify the factors through which telecommunication sector may improve its performance. The survey research design method was used in this study. It involves a questionnaire for the collection of data from the respondents. Convenience-based Sampling was used in this research data was collected with the help of a questionnaire from 250 customers in the telecommunication sector of Pakistan (Warid, Zong, Mobilink, and Ufone Telenor). Correlation analysis was conducted utilizing SPSS to analyze the data. It is revealed that the correlation between customer loyalty and three independent factors that are quality service, brand image, and trust is very strong and mediator customer satisfaction in this relationship had an effect on customer loyalty. There exists a strong relationship between three dimensions of independent variables and the dependent; we can say that there is a strong effect of a mediator and moderator on these relationships. There is also a very strong correlation between customer loyalty and customer satisfaction.

국가암조기검진 수검자 만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the satisfaction of participants in the National Cancer Screening Program(NCSP) and to identify factors affecting the satisfaction. The telephone survey was conducted in July 2007 for the participants who were screened by the NCSP from January through May 2007. Student's t-tests and analysis of variance were performed first to determine if the mean satisfaction score differed by the characteristics of study objects, followed by multiple linear regression analyses to examine the factors affecting satisfaction. Dependent variable was general satisfaction for the screening service, and three dimensions of independent variables - 'sociodemographic characteristics', 'screening characteristics', and 'perceived service quality' - were used for the empirical analyses. Female, old-aged, less educated, Medicaid recipients, rural residents and the participants with normal results were more likely to be satisfied with the NCSP. The results of multiple regression analyses show that gender, age, location of residence, type of screening units, and perceived quality of screening services were significantly related to satisfaction. This study is meaningful as the first attempt to measure participant satisfaction with the NCSP, and to identify factors affecting the satisfaction. Among the identified factors, the NCSP needs to pay attention to perceived quality of service, in particular, to improve the satisfaction. This study is expected to contribute to raising the compliance rate and to improve the quality of the NCSP.

Comparison of Automatic and Symbolic Differentiation in Mathematical Modeling and Computer Simulation of Rigid-Body Systems

The objective of this paper is to check the efficiency and validity oftwo approaches for computing derivatives of complex functions,automatic differentiation using ADOLC and symbolicdifferentiation using MACSYMA. This has been done in three benchmarkexamples, where the gradient of a Helmholtz energy function has beencomputed for different dimensions of independent variables (Example 1)and Jacobian matrices of inverse kinematics of planar and spatialparallel robots (Examples 2 and 3) have been computed. The results havebeen evaluated under six criteria: preliminary implementation work,computation time, flexibility in applications, limits of applicability,accuracy, and memory requirements.

A test of two all-or-none models for paired-associate learning

A 4 × 4 factorial experiment was performed using a self paced paired-associate learning task. The independent-variable dimensions were number of stimuli and number of response alternatives, with each variable assuming values 2, 4, 6, and 8. Predictions for two all-or-none paired-associate learning models were compared with the data. One model predicted all-or-none learning of correct alternatives with no effect for incorrect responses, while the other model predicted all-or-none learning of correct alternatives and all-or-none elimination of incorrect alternatives. Results indicated that the former model was more appropriate in the two-response alternatives case while the latter model was more appropriate for four and six alternatives. Neither model fitted the eight-response alternative data because of the failure to account for a forgetting process.