Depersonalization Dimensions Research Articles

Resilience to Workplace Incivility: How Different Recovery Experiences Influence Resilience Dimensions

Abstract Workplace incivility is a common experience with detrimental individual and organizational outcomes. Personal resources such as recovery experiences can help individuals demonstrate resilience to such adversity. Yet, it remains unknown whether different approaches to daily work recovery contribute to different resilience outcome dimensions. The current study investigated whether psychological detachment, relaxation, mastery, and control recovery experiences were differentially associated with resilience. We assessed resilience across the burnout dimensions of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment using a residual approach. Participants were 289 local government professionals who completed self-report measures of recovery experiences, workplace incivility, and burnout. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed distinct patterns of associations. For emotional exhaustion resilience, psychological detachment and relaxation recovery opportunities were significant predictors. In contrast, none of the recovery experiences were associated with depersonalization resilience. For personal accomplishment resilience, only the mastery recovery opportunities emerged as a significant predictor. For comparison, psychological detachment and mastery experiences predicted higher scores on a conventional unidimensional trait resilience measure. These findings underscore the value of conceptualizing resilience as a multidimensional construct, as different recovery experiences appear to contribute to resilience in specific outcome domains. The results suggest that tailoring resilience-building strategies to target the unique needs and challenges faced by employees exposed to workplace incivility may be more effective than a one-size-fits-all approach. Continued research is needed to further elucidate the complex interplay between personal resources, workplace demands, and multifaceted resilient functioning.

Interactional Effect of Professional Commitment and Job Involvement on Non-Accomplishment and Depersonalization Dimensions of Burnout

Today, there are many duties and responsibilities of a teachers working at different level of education. The role and functions of teachers have undergone a dramatic change from time to time and the Teacher education programme also changed timely. Burnout is the outcome of excessive stress. Many illnesses like liver and heart diseases are likely due to psychological stresses of modern life. The percentage of burnout is likely higher today. Better understanding of this stress outcome has to be promoted. The study was delimited to the thirty four governments and private degree Colleges located in territory of Himachal Pradesh and seven districts i.e. Hamirpur, Bilaspur, Una, Kangra, Shimla Chamba and Mandi of Himachal Pradesh.

Predictive modeling of burnout dimensions based on basic socio-economic determinants in health service managers and support personnel in a resource-limited health center.

Burnout is a prevalent condition in the healthcare sector, and although it has been extensively studied among healthcare professionals, less is known about its impact on non-professional workers, particularly in low-resource settings. This study aimed to test a preliminary predictive model based on basic socioeconomic and sociodemographic determinants to predict symptoms of burnout among support personnel and health services managers in a resource-limited health center. A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted. Using simple random sampling, symptoms of burnout were surveyed among health service managers and support personnel using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Statistical analyses included correlation tests and predictive models using random forest models to identify significant associations and cast predictions. A total of 76 participants were included. Of these, 34.21% exhibited high levels of emotional exhaustion (EE), 42.11% showed elevated depersonalization (DP), and 7.89% reported low personal accomplishment (PA). Significant negative correlations were observed between household income and the EE and DP dimensions. The predictive models demonstrated acceptable performance in identifying socioeconomic factors associated with burnout, with prediction errors ranging from 7.68% to 20.31%. Burnout is common among support personnel and health services managers in resource-limited settings, particularly among those with lower incomes. The findings underscore the importance of implementing policies that address both working conditions and economic well-being to mitigate the risk of burnout. More robust predictive models could serve as a valuable tool for early identification and prevention of burnout in this type of setting.

Sex differences in burnout and work-family conflict among Chinese emergency nurses: a cross-sectional study.

Work-family conflict and burnout have become pressing concerns in nursing profession. These factors negatively affect nurses' health and work performance and therefore negatively influence the quality and safety of patient care. Whereas, nursing is a female-dominated profession. Studies have found that male nurses have higher level of depersonalization dimension of burnout than female nurses. Female nurses present higher level of emotional exhaustion dimension of burnout than male nurse. This study aimed to apply sex-specific analyses to investigate the associations between dimensions of burnout and work-family role behavior conflict among Chinese emergency department nurses. This was a cross-sectional research. A questionnaire comprising items on demographic characteristics, work-family role behavior conflict, and burnout information, was distributed among emergency department nurses from 30 tertiary hospitals across mainland China, between December 26, 2023, and January 18, 2024. This study's sample comprised 1,540 nurses. The total work-family role behavior conflict scores were 42.23 and 43.4, and the total burnout scores were 11.14 and 11.63 for female and male nurses, respectively. Significant differences were observed in comparisions of age, marital status, fertility status, education level, job title, work experience, night shift frequency, smoking status, and drinking status by sex. Correlation analyses revealed that burnout and work-family role behavior conflicts were positively associated with both sexes. Multiple linear regression analyses indicated that three dimensions of burnout including emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced work accomplishment significantly affected work-family role behavior conflict in both sexes. Compared with emotional exhaustion and reduced work accomplishment dimensions, depersonalization dimension of burnout affected work-family role behavior conflicts the most in male emergency nurses. Emotional exhaustion and depersonalization dimensions of burnout explained more of the variance in work-family role behavior conflict compared with redeuced work accomplishment dimension for female emergency nurses. Reducing depersonalization among emergency department male nurses and emotional exhaustion and depersonalization for female emergency department nurses, are crucial for decreasing work-family role behavior conflicts. Future studies should explore differences in burnout level among male and female nurses for a long time.

Feasibility and effectiveness of the mindfulness-based stress reduction programs on relieving burnout of healthcare providers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a pilot randomized controlled trial in China

BackgroundThe 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic brings critical health problems to workers in many occupations, particularly healthcare providers. The aim of the study was to examine the feasibility and effectiveness of the mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program on relieving burnout of healthcare providers during the pandemic. The roles of positive and negative emotion as well as emotion regulation strategy in the intervention effects were also investigated.MethodsA sample of 112 healthcare providers in China were recruited and randomly assigned to the MBSR (n = 56) or the control condition (n = 56). Measures were collected at pre-intervention, mid-intervention, and post-intervention, assessing mindfulness level, emotion regulation strategy, positive and negative emotion, and burnout.ResultsThe MBSR program showed acceptable feasibility. Compared to the control group, healthcare providers in the MBSR group showed significant increase in personal accomplishment and decrease in emotional exhaustion after the intervention. No significant difference was detected on the dimension of depersonalization. Results of mediation analyses implied that cognitive reappraisal and positive affect partially mediated the intervention effects on personal accomplishment.ConclusionsThe study provided preliminary evidence that the MBSR programs might be effective in reducing healthcare providers’ burnout, even during the pandemic. Cognitive reappraisal and positive emotion might be important mechanisms of how the training took effect.

An Analysis of Psychological Capital and Influencing Factors Among Disaster Care Reservists

In recent years, with the frequent occurrence of public health emergencies, various infectious diseases and natural disasters (earthquakes, tsunamis, and fires have placed a burden on global public health and health care systems, especially on health care workers. This study aimed to investigate the current state of psychological capital among disaster care reservists and the factors influencing it. Between January and February 2024, a total of 330 members of the disaster nursing reserve team from 4 tertiary general hospitals in Mianyang, China, were surveyed using an online platform named Wenjuanxing to obtain information on general demographics, psychological capital, and job burnout. The total score of psychological capital was 91.10 ± 16.15. Psychological capital was negatively correlated with emotional depletion dimension and depersonalization dimension scores (P < .01) and positively correlated with personal achievement dimension scores (P < .01). The results of multiple regression analysis revealed that the psychological capital of members in disaster nursing reserve teams was influenced by various factors such as their marital status, having children, work experience in the department, level of public recognition and respect, number of disaster relief trainings, participation in disaster relief activities, types of disaster relief activities, and level of job burnout (P < .05). This accounted for 48.9% of the total variation. The psychological capital of disaster nursing reserve team members is affected by several aspects, which warrant great attention. Relevant management departments should adopt appropriate strategies to effectively mobilize their self-efficacy, improve their professional identity and sense of achievement, and enhance their psychological capital level.

The status quo and correlational analysis of nursing practices, burnout, and social support among nurses from private hospitals in Dazhou, a less developed area of China

ObjectiveTo investigate the status quo of nursing practices, job burnout and social support among private hospitals in Dazhou, Sichuan Province, and perform correlational analysis.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 244 nurses were surveyed via convenience sampling from 7 private hospitals, which were randomly selected from Dazhou city. A self-designed demographic sociology questionnaire was applied, and the Chinese versions of the Maslach Burnout Scale and the Social Support scale administered from September to November 2022.ResultsThe investigated nurses were relatively young (26.84 ± 4.90 years), had a short duration of service, a low academic background, a low professional title and a low income; however, they were highly satisfied with their working environment and had a low level of burnout, and their level of personal achievement was low. Overtime work, education level and number of children had significant impacts on the level of nurse burnout. The level of social support was high, and various dimensions were negatively correlated with the emotional exhaustion and depersonalization dimensions of burnout (r=-0.438, P < 0.01; r=-0.372, P < 0.01) and positively correlated with personal achievement (r = 0.291, P < 0.01). However, the level of social support was not significantly associated with burnout (r=-0.060, p = 0.354).ConclusionsNursing managers in private hospitals should consider ways of improving nurses’ education, professional titles, working environment and increasing nurses’ income to stabilize the nursing team. Efforts should be made to relieve the nurses’ pressure, and notice the overtime work and professional development of nurses to enhance the personal sense of achievement. More measures should be taken to improve the level of social support, thereby promoting the continuous improvement of nursing quality. Due to the uneven level of social and economic development in different parts of China, the extensibility of the research needs to be confirmed by more studies, but it still has important reference significance for Northeast Sichuan, which represents areas with similar social and economic levels.

The impact of moral resilience on nurse turnover intentions: the mediating role of job burnout in a cross-sectional study

BackgroundHigh nursing staff turnover is a critical issue that negatively impacts the quality of care and patient safety. Turnover intentions, a key predictor of actual turnover, reflect an individual’s likelihood of leaving their current position. Understanding the underlying mechanisms driving nurse turnover intentions is crucial for developing targeted interventions to stabilize the nursing workforce globally.ObjectivesThis study aims to explore the relationship between moral resilience, job burnout, and turnover intentions among nurses, focusing on the mediating role of job burnout in this relationship.DesignThis study employed a quantitative, cross-sectional design.MethodsA convenience sample of 322 registered nurses was recruited from two tertiary hospitals in China between August and October 2023. Data were collected using the Chinese version of the Rushton Moral Resilience Scale (Chi-RMRS), the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and the Turnover Intention Scale. Data analyses were conducted using SPSS 26.0 and Amos 21.0. The study followed the STROBE guidelines for observational research.Ethical considerationBefore the commencement of data collection, the Institutional Review Board of Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College (YXLL202401004) granted ethical approval.ResultsThe proposed model exhibited an excellent fit to the data, with fit indices as follows: χ2/df = 1.819, CFI = 0.977, TLI = 0.961, RMSEA = 0.072 (90% confidence interval [CI]: 0.033 to 0.107). The structural equation model revealed that moral resilience was inversely associated with job burnout and turnover intentions. Furthermore, job burnout fully mediated the relationship between moral resilience and turnover intentions (β = −0.473, p = 0.007). Further analysis indicated that the depersonalization component of job burnout was the sole mediator in the relationship between moral resilience and turnover intention (β = -3.934, 95% CI [-5.837, -1.932]).ConclusionThe findings indicate that moral resilience among nurses is negatively associated with turnover intentions, with this effect fully mediated by the depersonalization dimension of job burnout. Enhancing moral resilience in nurses may be valuable strategy for healthcare administrators to mitigate job burnout and subsequently reduce turnover intentions.

항공사 객실승무원의 직장 내 괴롭힘, 소진, 외상 후 울분장애(PTED) 간의 영향 관계

Cabin crews work in high-stress and high-pressure environments, yet the issue of workplace harassment they face has not been adequately addressed. Workplace harassment causes psychological distress and anxiety, which not only undermine cabin crews' job satisfaction and productivity but also compromise the safety and well-being of both cabin crews and passengers. However, the majority of existing studies on workplace harassment have primarily adopted an organizational perspective, thereby neglecting the individual experiences of cabin crews. This study seeks to address this gap by examining the structural relationships between workplace harassment and its effects on burnout and post-traumatic embitterment disorder (PTED) among cabin crews in both full-service and low-cost carriers in Korea. Survey data were collected from 399 respondents. The results indicate that workplace harassment significantly exacerbates the emotional exhaustion and depersonalization dimensions of burnout, although it does not significantly reduce personal accomplishment. Moreover, both workplace harassment and burnout substantially contribute to PTED, with an average PTED score among participants being 1.746, which indicates a significant level of long-term embitterment. These findings provide foundational data needed in developing intervention programs to enhance the mental health and quality of life of cabin crews and in creating healthier work environments at the corporate level, considering organizational dynamics and service performance.

The relationship between burnout and work engagement levels of nurses and physiotherapists working during the COVID-19 pandemic period.

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all health professionals worldwide. This has also influenced their working lives, affecting burnout and work engagement. This study aims to investigate the relationship between burnout and work engagement among nurses and physiotherapists during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-sectional study was conducted with total 509 nurses and physiotherapists who were working at any of the private, public, or university hospitals from two large and one small cities. A Personal Introduction Form, the Maslach Burnout Scale, and the Work Engagement Scale were used in the study. Frequency, percentage, mean, and Pearson correlation analysis were used for statistical analysis. Necessary ethical approvals were taken for the research. There was a significant, moderate, negative relationship between the average scores of the nurses on the vigor and devotion dimensions and the Work Engagement Scale and their average scores on emotional exhaustion, personal accomplishment, depersonalization dimensions and their average score on the Maslach Burnout Scale (p < 0.05). There was a significant, moderate, negative relationship between the scores of the physiotherapists on the Work Engagement Scale and its dimensions and their average scores on the Maslach Burnout Scale and its dimensions (p < 0.05). In our study, it was found that the burnout levels of nurses and physiotherapists had an effect on their work engagement during the COVID-19 pandemic. During and after the COVID-19 process, managers should take measures to reduce the burnout levels of health professionals and increase their level of work engagement.

The relationship between burnout syndrome and emotional intelligence in anesthesiologists during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study

Background Burnout, a type of long-lasting work-related stress, is highly prevalent among health professionals. It includes dimensions of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and low professional achievement. Emotional intelligence is the ability to accurately perceive, evaluate, and express emotions, to perceive and/or produce feelings that facilitate thought, to understand emotion and acquire emotional knowledge, and to control emotions in order to promote emotional and intellectual growth. Among the extensive literature on burnout, no studies have measured its prevalence among anesthesiologists in Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic. Studies on the association between emotional intelligence and burnout are also scarce in this population. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of burnout in anesthesiologists at a hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic and to assess its association with emotional intelligence. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in a large private hospital in southern Brazil. A non-probabilistic convenience sample of anesthesiologists was selected from a hospital's clinical staff. Via Google Forms, participants responded to an anonymous self-applied self-explanatory questionnaire with sections on sociodemographic data, burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory), and emotional intelligence (Wong and Law's Emotional Intelligence Scale). Descriptive analysis of the variables was performed and the association between burnout and emotional intelligence was evaluated using the Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficient, depending on data distribution. Results A burnout prevalence of 8.1% was found, as well as a strong negative correlation between total burnout scores and emotional intelligence. Conclusions According to the regression analysis, emotional intelligence can be considered an independent factor associated with this outcome.

Comparative study of job burnout in Shanghai-based nurses against Maslach norm and Hangzhou norm.

This study aimed to analyze the trend in job burnout among nurses in Shanghai, China. The nursing profession globally faces a significant challenge due to aging populations, causing a human resources crisis. Job burnout notably impacts nurses' enthusiasm for work and their overall well-being. Understanding the trends in job burnout among nurses is crucial for addressing this issue. A cross-sectional study involving 799 nurses from a tertiary-care hospital and 11 community health service centers in Pudong New Area South, Shanghai, was conducted using convenience sampling. Data were collected through a general information questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory scale, to assess job burnout levels. These data were compared with the established Maslach and Hangzhou norms in China. 74.6% of the participants experienced job burnout. The emotional exhaustion dimension had an average score of 27.27±13.93, indicating high levels of burnout; the depersonalization dimension had an average score of 7.83±6.68, showing moderate levels of fatigue; and the personal achievement dimension had an average score of 26.75±10.26, also indicating moderate fatigue. Notably, nurses aged 32-33 years with 11-12 years of professional experience were the most affected. The findings suggest that job burnout is a significant issue in Pudong New Area South, Shanghai, with a notable increase in severe burnout cases over the past decade. Nurses, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, face high rates of burnout, with emotional exhaustion being particularly prevalent. To support and retain the nursing workforce, hospital administrators must implement external reward mechanisms and develop policies that encourage personal growth, career development, and a humanistic approach to care. From our review of the literature, we identified instances where burnout standards are either not assessed or lack uniformity in their application. Therefore, it is imperative to adopt a standardized occupational burnout scale for a nationwide survey, encompassing nurse populations across various levels, including province, region, city, and institution. This approach will facilitate the establishment of a practical norm for occupational burnout within China. This norm would enable conducting regular assessments and comparisons to understand the evolving trends of job burnout among nurses, which could pave the way for the creation of targeted support interventions for the nursing profession.

Burnout among diabetes specialist registrars across the United Kingdom in the post-pandemic era.

Burnout syndrome is a condition resulting from chronic work-related stress exposure and can be identified by the presence of one or more of the three classic dimensions of burnout, i.e., emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and lack of personal accomplishment, which negatively impact physician health and productivity. This study aimed to identify burnout among Diabetes and Endocrinology Specialty Training Registrars (DStRs) across the United Kingdom. It was a Cross-sectional observational study after ethical approval ERSC_2022_1166, utilizing the gold standard Maslach Burnout Inventory to measure burnout syndrome, and to determine self-reported stressors and compare them with the results of our previous survey in 2018. Over 430 DStRs across the United Kingdom were invited electronically through their deanery representatives and specialty training bodies. Using Google Forms™ to gather data, we were able to collect 104 completed surveys. Results revealed that 62.5% (n = 65) of participants have burnout (5% increase from the previous survey in 2018), 38.6% (n = 40) have high emotional exhaustion, and 44.2% (n = 46) feel a lack of personal accomplishment. "General Internal Medicine specific workload" was the most common self-reported stressor reported by 87.5% (n = 91) of participants, whereas bullying/harassment and discrimination at work were reported by 35.6% (n = 37) and 30.77% (n = 32) of participants, respectively. Using multivariable logistic regression model, personal stress (OR, 4.00; 95% CI, 1.48-10.86; p = 0.006) had significant, while Bullying/harassment (OR, 3.75; 95% CI, 0.93-15.12; p = 0.063) had marginal impact on the presence of burnout. Diabetes and Endocrinology Specialty Training Registrars frequently experience burnout syndrome, which has increased over the last 4 years. However, organizational changes can help identify, prevent, and treat physician burnout. NCT05481021 available at https://ichgcp.net/clinical-trials-registry/NCT05481021.

Factors Associated With Poor Sleep Quality Among Primary Healthcare Workers During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic.

Sleep is one of the most important activities for health and the processes related to the central nervous system. Healthcare workers commonly present alterations in the sleep-wake cycle due to complex work schedules because 24-hour attention to the population is required in public health institutions. The increase in care needs caused by the COVID-19 pandemic causedchanges in work schedules; as in Mexico, the number of patients requiring consultation in all public health units increased. Chronic partial sleep deprivation (< 7 hours of sleep in the 24-hour cycle) is the most frequent sleep alteration in Mexican health workers. However, it has not been explored whether work modifications due to the pandemic had an impact on the sleep quality of workers. We aimed to describe the prevalence of poor sleep quality and the associated factors in workers (clinical and non-clinical) of a primary care medical unit. We conducted an analytical and cross-sectional studyduring November and December 2022.We used the following tools for studying clinical and non-clinical staff working at a family medicine primary care unit: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Maslach Burnout Inventory, and Graffar-Méndez-Castellanos socioeconomic level scale, as well as a data collection sheet and a survey of workers' knowledge, attitudes, fears, and needs regarding COVID-19. A total of 233 workers were surveyed. The prevalence of poor sleep quality was 56.7%. A higher score on the Beck Depression Inventory (OR: 1.21, CI 95%: 1.13-1.29), being a doctor (OR: 3.48, CI 95%: 1.5-8.01), and frequent alcohol consumption (OR: 2.4, CI 95%: 1.13-5.2) were identified as risk factors for poor sleep quality. A lower score in the depersonalization dimension of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (OR: 0.5, CI 95%: 0.26-0.99) was identified as a protective factor for poor sleep quality. During the pandemic, the stress of health workers increaseddue to work alterations that were necessary to treat the greatest number of patients, so theirquality of sleep decreased. Unfortunately, the mental health of healthcare workers is often under-assessed in many institutions. Thus, it is relevant to identify risk factors for alterations (especially those of sleep), since by identifying the target population, comprehensive interventions can be carried out, which can reduce the prevalence of burnout, anxiety, and depression, but if not addressed, the alterations can lead to inadequate care for users of health units.

Psychometric properties of the Maslach Burnout Inventory in healthcare professionals, Ancash Region, Peru

Background Burnout syndrome (BS) among healthcare professionals in Peru demands immediate attention. Consequently, there is a need for a validated and standardized instrument to measure and address it effectively. This study aimed to determine the psychometric properties of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) among healthcare professionals in the Ancash region of Peru. Methods Using an instrumental design, this study included 303 subjects of both sexes (77.56% women), ranging in age from 22 to 68 years (M = 44.46, SD = 12.25), selected via purposive non-probability sampling. Appropriate content validity, internal structure validity, and item internal consistency were achieved through confirmatory factor analysis, and discriminant validity for the three dimensions was obtained. Evidence of convergent validity was found for the Emotional Exhaustion (EE) and Personal Accomplishment (PA) dimensions, with reliability values (ω &gt; .75). Results The EE and PA dimensions exhibited acceptable levels of reliability (ω and α &gt; .80). However, the Depersonalization (DP) dimension demonstrated significantly lower reliability (α &lt; .60 and ω &lt; .50). Conclusions A correlated three-factor model was confirmed, with most items presenting satisfactory factor loadings and inter-item correlations. Nonetheless, convergent validity was not confirmed for the DP dimension.

Work-family conflict among primary health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: Its mediating role in the relationship between workload and job burnout.

This study explores the situation of workload, work-family conflict and job burnout among primary health workers in China in the context of COVID-19 and identifies the mediating effect of work-family conflict between workload and job burnout. Since the breakout of the COVID-19 pandemic, primary health workers have been working on the frontline of the epidemic and may experience increasing workload, work-family conflict and job burnout. It is important to focus on the issue of how to alleviate job burnout of primary health workers. A cross-sectional study (STROBE) was used. Data were collected from 785 primary health workers in China. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine the mediating effect of work-family conflict between workload and job burnout. 18.7%, 10.4% and 39.5% of respondents had high job burnout in the dimensions of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment, respectively. 34.6% of the respondents had high or very high workload, and 12.8% of the respondents had high or very high work-family conflict. Results of multiple regression analysis indicated that work-family conflict mediated the relationship between workload and job burnout. Workload (β = .163, CI = .207-.549) and work-family conflict (β = .211, CI = .311-.640) positively influenced job burnout, and workload (β = .428, CI = .375-.508) positively influenced work-family conflict. The study indicated that primary health workers experienced a high level of job burnout, especially in the personal accomplishment dimension. Furthermore, this study verified the mediating effect of work-family conflict between workload and job burnout. Some interventions for alleviating workload, work-family conflict and job burnout should be taken, including workplace assistance programmes, family-friendly policies and a well-integrated healthcare system. This study does not involve patient or public contribution in any part. Nurses and other primary health workers are health gatekeepers of residents and play a vital role in the healthcare system. Due to the breakout of COVID-19, they have taken more work and are more vulnerable to work overload, work-family conflict and the consequent job burnout. Some interventions should be taken to effectively alleviate their job burnout and improve their health and performance.

Prevalência e Correlações entre TDAH e Dimensões de Burnout em Universitários Brasileiros

Abstract This study aimed to verify the prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Burnout Syndrome and the potential correlations between the dimensions of both conditions among Brazilian college students. A total of 751 students participated; 71.9% were women, aged 23 on average (SD = 3.46). The instruments included a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Adult Self-Report Scale (ASRS-18), and the Maslach Burnout Scale for Students (MBI-SS). Regarding the sex variable, men scored lower for emotional exhaustion and higher for professional achievement. The inattention facet of ADHD was positively correlated with the emotional exhaustion and depersonalization dimension and negatively correlated with professional achievement, suggesting a connection between the disorder and the syndrome. This study is expected to contribute to the development of preventive programs and intervention protocols especially designed to promote the mental health of students attending public and private educational institutions and experiencing academic burnout.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE RESEARCH ASSISTANTS’ BURNOUT LEVELS AND THEIR PERCEPTIONS OF ORGANIZATIONAL CYNICISM

This research aimed to examine the relationship between the burnout levels in research associates, as important shareholders of universities, and their perceptions of organizational cynicism. This study used the correlational survey model, a quantitative research method. The population of the study included 5503 research associates employed in public universities in Aegean region, Turkey, in 2019-2020 academic years. In this research, all research associates in the population were reached, without conducting a sampling study, and 427 research associates responded to the participation calls. The data, collected through the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Organizational Cynicism Scale, were analyzed in SPSS 24.0 software. The study results showed that the highest average score in research associates’ burnout levels was on the individual achievement dimension. The emotional burnout dimension followed, and the lowest average score was on the depersonalization dimension. The highest average score in research associates’ perceptions of organizational cynicism was on the cognitive dimension and their lowest average score was on the affective dimension. There was no significant difference between the burnout and the organizational cynicism levels based on gender variable. Males and females were found to have similar perception levels. There were significant differences between the levels of professional satisfaction and burnout and organizational cynicism. Medium-level positive and significant relationships were found between the burnout and the organizational cynicism concepts and their sub-dimensions. Based on those results, some recommendations such as clarified and refined job descriptions, shorter working time, increasing reward sources, providing adaptation training and in-service training, and including other academic staff in the research, were added.

Examination of Science Teachers’ Burnout Levels in Terms of School Climate and Various Variables

The burnout levels of science teachers hold significant implications for both educators and students. Burnout can evolve in response to significant social events or be influenced by various variables. In this context, the objective of this study is to examine the burnout levels of science teachers, taking into account factors such as gender, age, length of service, and working time in the institution, with a particular focus on the perception of the school climate. The study adopted a descriptive survey model, utilizing a convenience sampling method, and involved 182 science teachers employed in Adana province. Data collection instruments encompassed the “School Climate Survey” and the “Maslach Burnout Inventory”, along with their sub-dimensions. Data were gathered through a face-to-face survey conducted by one of the researchers following rigorous efforts. The results showed that the burnout levels of science teachers were relatively low. In addition, when evaluated in general in terms of all the variables examined, it was determined that all averages in the dimension of emotional exhaustion, one of the three sub-dimensions of burnout, were always higher, while the values in the dimension of depersonalization were always lower. Although it varied according to gender, age, length of service, and working time in the institution, it was found that burnout differed either in the overall scale or in at least one sub-dimension. Notably, science teachers with a low perception of the school climate experienced significantly higher burnout levels across the overall school climate scale, encompassing all sub-dimensions of burnout. While this pattern varied within sub-dimensions of school climate perception, dimensions exhibiting significant differences also favored those with lower climate perception. In the final section of the study, various recommendations are presented in light of these findings.

The Reliability of Maslach Burnout Inventory in Arab Studies: Reliability Generalization Meta-Analyses Study

The current study aimed to identify the mean effect size of the alpha coefficient for the overall reliability of the MBI scale, and for the sub-dimensions; Emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and lack of personal achievement through the analysis of (32) studies in which the inclusion criteria were met. The results of the research indicated that the mean alpha coefficient across the studies (n = 32) for overall reliability and dimensions; Emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and lack of personal achievement were 0.83, 0.83, 0.78, and 0.77, respectively. It indicated that the mean alpha coefficient of the MBI scale varied significantly according to the participants in favor of school principals, and according to gender in favor of the mixed (male/female), and according to the country of application for studies conducted in North and East African countries, while it did not vary according to the sample size. It also showed that the mean alpha coefficient of the emotional exhaustion dimension varied according to the participants in favor of the teachers. The results also showed that there were no differences in the mean alpha coefficient of the dimension of emotional exhaustion according to the factors of sample size, gender, and country of application, and indicated that there were no significant differences in the mean alpha coefficient of the dimensions of depersonalization and lack of personal achievement according to the factors of sample size, participants, gender and country of application. Keywords: Maslach scale, Reliability, Emotional exhaustion, Depersonalization, Lack of personal achievement