Dimensional Processing Research Articles

ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE MACHINING – A HIGH FUTURE NONCONVENTIONAL PROCESSING PROCESS

Electrical discharge machining is one of the most common processes for processing metallic materials. This process is characterized by the lack of mechanical pressure on the object that ensures the macroscopic location of the erosive agent. This scientific paper highlights a study based on experimental data processing as well as modeling the most important technological parameters for dimensional processing by electrical discharge machining with and without magnetic activation. In this context, the modeling and optimization of process parameters is approached, which can lead to the quality increasing of the processed surface, to an increase of the processing productivity and to a reduction of the volume wear of the transfer object used.

Health and Sustainability of National Higher Education Evaluation Model Based on BP Neural Network and Grey Model

The higher education system is the driving force of social development, and the level of higher education is an important factor to judge whether a country is strong or not. In the process of promoting the popularization of higher education, the directions and policies of different countries are different. In order to evaluate the health and sustainability of each country's higher education system, this research has established an evaluation model based on BP neural network and gray model. First, we collected data on 10 indicators on higher education in six countries over the past decades, divided into two categories: national higher education investment and national higher education achievement. Then, we use the main component analysis method to reduce the dimensional processing of the data to solve the problem that too much data causes the model to converge too slowly. Second, we have established a national higher education health evaluation model based on BP neural network. Then we optimize BP neural network by PSO, which improves the speed and stability of the evaluation model. We get the six countries' higher education health ratings which are United States V, Germany III, Japan IV, Australia II, South Africa I and India I. Third, we have established a national sustainability evaluation model for higher education based on the grayscale model. We translate sustainability into a national higher education rating that predicts the future, and a high rating in the future means a strong sustainability. The final six countries to obtain the higher education health ratings are United States V, Germany III, Japan IV, Australia II, South Africa I and India II. By evaluating the health and sustainability of a country's higher education, we can give corresponding suggestions and policy support for the country to improve the level of higher education.

Dynamic Combined Treatment of Curved Surfaces by Two-Component Processing Media

This article is devoted to the tool usage as conductive filler with application of electric field for dynamic dimensional finishing combined treatment of hard-to-reach surfaces with high degree of curvature. The area of its technological use is shown in relation to aircraft engineering, rocket and space technology component parts and oil and gas industry. The common criterion for method applicability is that such parts have sections with variable curvature and limited tool access to the treatment area. The authors show that in dynamic combined process control of the required technological and operational indicators is possible due to the combination of current-carrying granules kinetic energy and surface anodic dissolution in treatment area. Methods for remote control of dimensional processing with the creation of required reinforced surface layer due to the dynamic mechanical action of solid granules and surface roughness due to anodic dissolution of work surface are presented. The resulting effect is increase in service life and durability in critical assemblies of aerospace equipment and oil and gas apparatus.

The influence of cognitive tasks on sensory organization test performance

IntroductionMany static postural tasks requiring vestibular contributions are completed while dual- tasking. ObjectiveWe investigated the influence of dual-tasks on sensory integration for postural control and cognitive performance during the sensory organization test and examined the relationship between cognitive function and dual-task cost during the sensory organization test. MethodsTwenty adults completed single and dual-task versions of the six conditions of the sensory organization test were completed during two visits separated by one week. A subset of 13 participants completed three National Institute of Health (NIH)-toolbox cognitive tests including the Flanker inhibitory control and attention test, dimensional change card sort test and pattern comparison processing speed test. Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used to compare postural sway during single and dual-task sensory organization test. Friedman’s test, with pairwise comparison post-hoc tests, was used to compare single task serial subtraction performance to the 6 dual-task sensory organization test conditions. Spearman’s correlation coefficients were used to assess the relationship between cognitive performance on NIH-toolbox test and postural and cognitive dual-task cost during the sensory organization test. ResultsPerforming a cognitive dual-task during the sensory organization test resulted in a significant increase in postural sway during condition 1 (Z=−3.26, p=0.001, ES=0.73), condition 3 (Z=−2.53, p=0.012, ES=0.56), and condition 6 (Z=−2.02, p=0.044, ES=0.45). Subtraction performance significantly decreased in during condition 6 (Z=−2.479, p=0.011, ES=0.55) compared to single-task. The dimensional change card sort test demonstrated moderate correlations with dual-task cost of serial subtraction performance in condition 5 (dimensional change card sort test: r=−0.62, p=0.02) and condition 6 (dimensional change card sort test: r=−0.56, p=0.04). Pattern comparison processing speed test scores were significantly correlated with dual-task cost of postural control during condition 2. ConclusionPerforming a cognitive task during the sensory organization test resulted in significantly increased postural sway during three conditions, particularly during visual environment manipulation oppose to vestibular and somatosensory manipulation. Cognitive performance decreased during the most complex sensory organization test condition. Additionally, we found participants with poorer executive function had greater dual-task cost during more complex sensory integration demands.

Intransitivity and transitivity of preferences: Dimensional processing in decision making.

Transitive preference, that is, if you prefer apples to bananas and bananas to cherries, you also prefer apples to cherries, is a basic property of some influential rational choice models. Contrary to this, Tversky, in his seminal 1969 article, presented evidence of intransitive preferences in two contexts, one of which involved choices between simple monetary lotteries. While early replications corroborated his findings, more recent research cast doubt on the strength of evidence of intransitive preferences in this task. Here, from Tversky’s extended additive difference model we develop a simplified additive difference (SAD) model that corresponds to alternative dimensional processing strategies. This predicts transitive or intransitive preferences, depending on its parameter values. We review six replications of Tversky’s lottery task and fit variants of the model to the choice data. We estimate the SAD model’s parameters for each individual data set using maximum likelihood estimation, examine the goodness of fit of the model, and use likelihood ratio tests to evaluate specific variants. The model has a very good fit to most individual choice data sets reviewed, with many predictably violating weak stochastic transitivity. We also find that many transitive patterns correspond to the application of simple, one-dimensional “take the best” heuristics. The findings support the view that human decision making is often based on dimensional processing in such a way that evaluations of decision alternatives are relative to the set under consideration, resulting in intransitivity of preferences. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved)

A-081 Cognitive Reserve Factors Influence Neuropsychological Performance in Alcohol Use Disorder

Abstract Objective Cognitive reserve (CR) refers to the brain’s capacity to cope with pathology and preserve functioning. We investigated cognitive performance between individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and healthy controls to examine whether CR, operationalized as education and psychosocial functioning, influences neuropsychological functioning. Method We recruited 45 AUD (DSM-V criteria) who reported drinking levels exceeding NIAAA guidelines (>14/7 drinks/week for men/women) and 30 healthy controls who did not. MANCOVAs controlling for CR were used to investigate between-group differences in neuropsychological performance, as measured by the NIH Toolbox. A series of linear regression analyses were also performed to evaluate effects of AUD and CR on neuropsychological performance. Psychosocial functioning, education, and AUD status were simultaneously entered as predictors of Flanker, Dimensional Change Card Sort, Picture Sequence, List Sort, and Processing Speed scores. Results MANCOVAs revealed a significantly slower processing speed in the AUD group compared to controls when controlling for CR (F = 4.30, p = .042). There were no significant group differences on other tests. Linear regressions showed only processing speed to be predicted by AUD (β = −.255, p = .042), while CR measures were not. Education predicted Picture Sequence (β = .245, p = .041) and Card Sort (β = .291, p = .009) performance, and psychosocial functioning predicted Flanker (β = .296, p = .021) and Card Sort (β = .316, p = .010) performance. Conclusions CR appears to contribute to higher-order cognitive functions, regardless of AUD status. Only processing speed, a domain typically susceptible to brain pathology, was significantly related to AUD. Thus, factors linked to CR may serve as important targets for future research and intervention in AUD to promote favorable cognitive outcomes.

ELECTROCHEMICAL AND COMBINED TREATMENT IN RHEOLOGICAL FLUID

Questions of search and assignment of working environments are considered, providing stabilization of processes of erosion-chemical and electrochemical dimensional processing at production of deep apertures in metal materials and ceramics. It is shown that the use of rheological fluids with nanoparticles of conductive granules can accelerate the mass transfer of processing products. It is established that when using rheological fluids it is possible to provide the required quality of the surface layer of deep through and blind channels of small cross-section. Experimental works on multielectrode flashing of round and polyhedral channels were carried out, which allowed to develop technological processes of manufacture of the sections of the coupling path for supplying combustible media to a combustion zone.

Do three-dimensional modeling and printing technologies have an impact on the surgical success of percutaneous transsacral screw fixation?

Objectives This study aims to determine the role of computed tomography (CT)-derived templates, produced by three- dimensional (3D) modeling, image processing and printing technology, in percutaneous transsacral screw fixation and evaluate the effects of their use on surgical success.Materials and methods This prospective study conducted between June 2018 and December 2019 utilized 15 composite pelvis models for transsacral-transiliac screw fixation. For the procedure, modeled templates were utilized for wiring on the left side of the pelvis models, while the conventional method was performed on the right side of the pelvis models. In the computed tomography images acquired after wiring, appropriate wire position was evaluated.Results The placed wires held the S1 body appropriately in all of the procedures with or without template use. With the template use, the wires were placed appropriately in the surgical bone corridor suitable for the transsacral-transiliac screw fixation in all of the models. However, with the conventional methods, the wires were not placed in the safe surgical bone corridor in four models. The wire deviation angle in the axial plane was significantly lower in the template group (p=0.001), whereas it was not different between the template group and the conventional method group in the coronal plane (p=0.054). The amount of deviation from the ideal wire entry site was significantly reduced in the template group compared to the conventional method group (p=0.001).ConclusionWith the use of 3D modeling and printing technology, CT-derived templates can be produced and utilized for transsacral screw fixation procedures and their use increases surgical success by reducing the surgical margin of error.

Spatter behavior for 316L stainless steel fabricated by selective laser melting in a vacuum

A 316L stainless steel [SS316L] plate was fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) in a vacuum. SS316L has excellent properties such as a high corrosion resistance and hardness, but forming complicated structures is challenging due to difficulties working the material. Although SLM can fabricate complicated shapes because it builds a 3D material layer-by-layer from a powder, some issues have yet to be resolved, including dimensional accuracy, surface finishes, surface roughness, processing time, and mechanical properties such as hardness. Another issue is irradiating a metal powder by a laser generates spattering. Spattering results in an insufficient input energy to the powder bed because the laser is absorbed by the spatter particles. Consequently, technology to suppress the amount of spatter for SLM processes is needed. In this study, to clarify the mechanism of the spatter-free process, SS316L is fabricated by SLM and the powder behavior during laser irradiation is observed by a high-speed video camera. The amount of spatter depends on the input energy of the laser. At a laser fluence of 20 kJ/cm2, the amount of spatter is minimized and the surface roughness on the fabricated sample improves from 30 μm to 3.5 μm.

Landslide identification using machine learning

Landslide identification is critical for risk assessment and mitigation. This paper proposes a novel machine-learning and deep-learning method to identify natural-terrain landslides using integrated geodatabases. First, landslide-related data are compiled, including topographic data, geological data and rainfall-related data. Then, three integrated geodatabases are established; namely, Recent Landslide Database (RecLD), Relict Landslide Database (RelLD) and Joint Landslide Database (JLD). After that, five machine learning and deep learning algorithms, including logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), boosting methods and convolutional neural network (CNN), are utilized and evaluated on each database. A case study in Lantau, Hong Kong, is conducted to demonstrate the application of the proposed method. From the results of the case study, CNN achieves an identification accuracy of 92.5% on RecLD, and outperforms other algorithms due to its strengths in feature extraction and multi dimensional data processing. Boosting methods come second in terms of accuracy, followed by RF, LR and SVM. By using machine learning and deep learning techniques, the proposed landslide identification method shows outstanding robustness and great potential in tackling the landslide identification problem.

Forming and finishing surface by sequential electrochemical-electrodischarge machining of precision magnetic optics parts

A method for calculating the formation of a hyperbolic ruled surface with wire electrical discharge machining is proposed, considering errors caused by the deflection of wire electrode. The given approach of calculation of technological parameters for further electrochemical dimensional processing with a wire electrode is presented in order to increase reproduction accuracy and improve surface quality. The obtained accuracy and qualitative parameters of manufactured parts satisfy rigorous requirements for magnet pole tips of quadrupole lenses of nuclear microprobes. The latest combined technology of sequential electrodischarge and electrochemical processing with wire electrode in the production of precision parts of magnetic optics, which is given in the article, will be useful to specialists working with processing technologies and precision engineering.

Optical coherence tomography using physical domain data compression to achieve MHz A-scan rates.

The three-dimensional volumetric imaging capability of optical coherence tomography (OCT) leads to the generation of large amounts of data, which necessitates high speed acquisition followed by high dimensional image processing and visualization. This signal acquisition and processing pipeline demands high A-scan rates on the front end, which has driven researchers to push A-scan acquisition rates into the MHz regime. To this end, the optical time-stretch approach uses a mode locked laser (MLL) source, dispersion in optical fiber, and a single analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to achieve multi-MHz A-scan rates. While enabling impressive performance this Nyquist sampling approach is ultimately constrained by the sampling rate and bandwidth of the ADC. Additionally such an approach generates massive amounts of data. Here we present a compressed sensing (CS) OCT system that uses a MLL, electro-optic modulation, and optical dispersion to implement data compression in the physical domain and rapidly acquire real-time compressed measurements of the OCT signals. Compression in the analog domain prior to digitization allows for the use of lower bandwidth ADCs, which reduces cost and decreases the required data capacity of the sampling interface. By leveraging a compressive A-scan optical sampling approach and the joint sparsity of C-scan data we demonstrate 14.4-MHz to 144-MHz A-scan acquisition speeds using a sub-Nyquist 1.44 Gsample/sec ADC sampling rate. Furthermore we evaluate the impact of data compression and resulting imaging speed on image quality.

An Enhanced Hybrid Feature Selection Approach for High Dimensional Data Processing

Abstract A huge volume of data is being generated day by day, each and every second, with mounting trends and technologies. Big data has evolved as an ultimate approach in data origination, attainment, and processing and also analysis, coping with the heterogeneity of the data in order to obtain useful insights from it. It is obvious that there is no point in having the data without quality. Hence, in order to use or leverage the data in a more apposite manner, data with quality are important. Numerous technologies are being developed with the evolution of big data. The input to those technologies and approaches is to be processed in such a way that they guarantee data quality, to yield better processing and results. An effective preprocessing approach is proposed in this article for the processing of big data. No single model can work well in the case of data processing, considering the challenges imposed with big data. Hence, a hybrid preprocessing approach is imposed here to deal with the data and processing, ensuring a better outcome. The results show that the approach enhances the quality of the data and is more effective. This approach, along with the big data platform using the Spark framework, increases the overall performance of the processing.

The Methods of Choosing the Wavelets for One Dimensional Signal Processing

The Methods of Choosing the Wavelets for One Dimensional Signal Processing

Directionally-Unbiased Unitary Optical Devices in Discrete-Time Quantum Walks

The optical beam splitter is a widely-used device in photonics-based quantum information processing. Specifically, linear optical networks demand large numbers of beam splitters for unitary matrix realization. This requirement comes from the beam splitter property that a photon cannot go back out of the input ports, which we call “directionally-biased”. Because of this property, higher dimensional information processing tasks suffer from rapid device resource growth when beam splitters are used in a feed-forward manner. Directionally-unbiased linear-optical devices have been introduced recently to eliminate the directional bias, greatly reducing the numbers of required beam splitters when implementing complicated tasks. Analysis of some originally directional optical devices and basic principles of their conversion into directionally-unbiased systems form the base of this paper. Photonic quantum walk implementations are investigated as a main application of the use of directionally-unbiased systems. Several quantum walk procedures executed on graph networks constructed using directionally-unbiased nodes are discussed. A significant savings in hardware and other required resources when compared with traditional directionally-biased beam-splitter-based optical networks is demonstrated.

Mapping the Research Domain Criteria Social Processes Constructs to the Social Responsiveness Scale

Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) operationalizes a set of basic social dimensions that can be used to deconstruct sources of variation in social impairments across affected individuals, regardless of their diagnostic status. This is a necessary step toward the development of etiologically based and individualized treatments. The main objective of this investigation was to derive estimations of the RDoC social constructs from the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS-2). Exploratory structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted using individual SRS-2 items from six distinct databases ( N= 27,953; mean age= 9.55 years, SD= 3.79; 71.7% male participants) spanning normative (33.8%) and atypical (66.2%) development. The following models were estimated: a one-factor model; a three-factor model with separate attachment and affiliation, social communication, and understanding of mental states factors; and a four-factor model where social communication was further split into production of facial and non-facial communication. The one-factor solution showed poor fit. The three-factor solution had adequate fit (comparative fit index= 0.952, Tucker Lewis Index= 0.937, root mean square error of approximation= 0.054). However, the four-factor solution had superior fit (comparative fit index= 0.973, Tucker Lewis Index= 0.961, root mean square error of approximation= 0.042) and was robust across age, sex, and clinical status. To our knowledge, this is the first study examining estimations of the RDoC social constructs from an existing measure. Reported findings show promise for capturing important RDoC social constructs using the SRS-2 and highlight crucial areas for the development of novel dimensional social processing measures.

Automatic Online Subjective Text Evaluation using Text Mining

Semantic based text mining is essential in high dimensional data processing in today’s environment. In educational sector Question Answer (QA) evaluation has done using semantic as well as semantic analysis in many approaches. Numerous existing mechanisms have implemented using different machine learning algorithms. Semantic and semantic both works for evaluate the text data, but semantic approach should done same work with low time complexity. In this work system carried out automated text evaluation for online examination system with semi structured dataset. The system has categorized into two phases, NLP and Features base evaluation. Natural Language Processing (NLP) has used for preprocessing of data using tokenization, stop word removal, porter stemmer etc. Similarity technique has used for generate similarity score between test answer and train answer data. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) has used to generate the similarity score between two features vectors. Experimental analysis shows the how proposed system is better than some traditional approaches for semantic text evaluation

DETECTION OF DYNAMIC PROCESSES FOR LASER THERMOSTRENGTHENING OF THE MATERIAL SURFACE IN A REAL-TIME SCALEUNDER ILLUMINATION FROM LASER PLUME IN THE TRANSMISSION CHANNEL OF OPTICAL IMAGES VIA OPTICAL FIBER HARNESS USING A LASER BRIGHTNESS AMPLIFIER

The article deals with model/test experiments on laser thermal hardening with the registration of the dynamics of the material surface modification in real time using a laser projection microscope (monitor) in the geometry of “pump-probe”. Hardening of materials by laser radiation, as well as dimensional processing compared to traditional methods is much more environmentally friendly because it happens very quickly and almost without emissions of harmful substances. And the possibility of observing the surface at the time of the hardening process can improve the quality of processed products. With the help of a laser projection microscope, it is possible to detect the moment of appearance of the transition region arising from the interaction of laser radiation with matter, to monitor the dynamics of its expansion, to register the appearance of the thermal front, the melting front, oxide fronts which is relevant in the heat treatment processes. A large number of publications are devoted to such methods and their modifications which confirms the importance and effectiveness of diagnostic methods using laser projection microscope to study various dynamic processes in the interaction of laser radiation with matter. In this work, the modernization of laser projection microscope with inclusion in the probing channel of optical harness is carried out. The basic physical principles of the obtained system and the existing problems, as well as the prospects of their overcoming in various conditions of specific processes of laser thermal hardening, including the use of computer simulation to find the optimal optical circuits and modes, are revealed. Depth-of-field problems are discussed for the resulting image through an optical fiber/optical bundle when recording such dynamic processes and how to overcome them by choosing the appropriate optical scheme. The analysis is also carried out on the basis of computer modeling. These issues are important in the implementation of various thermal hardening regimes in experiments with single-and multi-beam radiation of a power laser affecting the object at the appropriate setting of the laser monitor in the probing channel.

Розмірна обробка електричною дугою як наступний етап розвитку електророзрядної обробки

Розмірна обробка електричною дугою як наступний етап розвитку електророзрядної обробки

Control of electrochemical dimensional processing on the basis of synergy of controllable factors

The article considers the factors that influence the electrochemical dimensional processing, which have synergistic connections. It is revealed that the size of the interelectrode gap is of great importance for ensuring the quality of processing, and methods for adjusting the gap during processing are proposed.