Dimensions Of Psychological Well-being Research Articles

Psychological Well-Being During Adolescence: Stability and Association With Romantic Relationships.

The concept of well-being is complex and is in common use not only in the area of health but also in the field of human development. Well-being depends on both the individual and the environment, and during childhood and adolescence, the environmental factor can be decisive. Family, school, and peers are widely recognized as significant contexts for successful development, but romantic context is also undoubtedly important. Romantic relationships constitute a new dimension in the adolescent’s social life, but little attention so far has been paid to their importance in well-being. Defined as developmental tasks, they have been associated both positive and negative outcomes, although their impact on well-being has not yet been clarified. This study uses a eudaimonic approach to evaluate four dimensions of psychological well-being: self-acceptance, positive interpersonal relationships, autonomy, and life development, and has a two-fold objective: (1) to analyze adolescents’ levels of psychological well-being and their stability over time, and (2) to analyze the association between romantic relationships and adolescents’ psychological well-being. Using a longitudinal design, we analyzed data from a sample of 747 adolescents from Andalusia (Spain) between 13 and 17 years old (50.5% girls, mean age wave 1 = 14.55, SD = 0.84). The results revealed medium to high levels of psychological well-being, which remained stable throughout the time of the study, and an increase in wave 2 only in positive interpersonal relationships dimension. The Structural Equation Modeling analysis showed romantic relationships as a predictor of psychological well-being, having a positive link with positive interpersonal relationships and with life development, and a negative link with autonomy and self-acceptance. These results are discussed in terms of the need to use approaches focused on the specific characteristics and evolution of well-being during adolescence, as well as on the importance of considering romantic relationships as developmental assets which have the potential to influence well-being during these years.

Pengembangan Dimensi Psychological Well-Being Untuk Pengurangan Risiko Gangguan Depresi

Depression has become one of the most common psychological disorders and causes health and disability problems worldwide. Many cases of suicide are caused by depression disorder. In Indonesia, the prevalence of depressive disorder is relatively high and occurs in all age ranges. Many factors cause depression disorder; one of them is stress. Stress which is not managed properly can cause several problems such as, low moods, feelings of irritability, sleep disturbances, and changes in cognitive abilities such as reduced concentration. These symptoms can be one of the risk factors for depression. One approach in psychology related to mental health problems is positive psychology. Psychological well-being is a construct of positive psychology that is often used as a form of intervention that focuses on human development. Based on some research results, psychological well-being related to a mental health problem, including depression. The dimensions in psychological well-being are self-acceptance, positive relations with others, autonomy, environmental mastery, purpose in life, and personal growth also have a positive role in mental health. By developing the dimensions of psychological well-being in life, it can be a way to reduce the risk of depression.

KESEJAHTERAAN PSIKOLOGI ISTRI PERTAMA DALAM PERNIKAHAN POLIGAMI

This study aims to know the welfare of the psychology of the first wife in polygamy marriage. What factors affect the psychological welfare of a first wife in polygamy, as well as what causes a wife in polygamy. This research uses qualitative research design as well as using and using a case study approach to be able to know the welfare of the psychology of the first wife in polygamy marriage. In this study, researchers used 7 people sources, 2 people as the subject of research, 4 people as informant know of each subject and 1 person as the informant of the perpetrator. The results of this study found that the cause of both subjects in polygamy were among men's riches, consideration of the nobility, and religious considerations. The subjects in this study also had different psychological welfare. The first subject has six-dimensional welfare psychology, while the second subject has only four of the six dimensions of psychological wellbeing. Every dimension that belongs to the subject is also influenced by factors such as religious and social support factors

Psychological wellbeing and resilience among Egyptian community-dwelling older adults

Background: Aging represents a time of significant challenges as well as opportunities for growth. Resilience helps older adults adjust to ongoing demands of aging. Little is known, however, about individual factors that bolster resilience. This study examines the potential contribution of psychological wellbeing in building resilience in older adults.Methods: A sample of 150 community-dwelling older adults was recruited from elder clubs in Alexandria, Egypt. Participant interviews included measures of resilience, psychological wellbeing, as well as measures of physical and psycho-social functioning.Results: Psychological wellbeing and resilience were positively and strongly correlated (r = .70, p < .001). Resilience was significantly associated with five dimensions of psychological wellbeing: mastery of environment (r = .54, p < .001), self-acceptance (r = .53, p < .001), personal growth, and purpose in life (both r = .49, p < .001), and autonomy (r = .36, p < .001). A weak, but significant association was found with the sixth dimension, positive relationship with others (r = .29, p < .001). Adjusting for potential confounding variables, psychological wellbeing remained significantly associated with resilience (β = .59, p < .001). Mastery of environment (β = .23, p < .01), autonomy (β = .20, p < .01), personal growth (β = .19, p < .01), and purpose in life (β = .18, p < .01), were independently influenced resilience among older adults.Conclusions: The findings highlight the adaptive function of psychological wellbeing in boosting resilience among older adults. Nursing strategies to optimize resilience and psychological wellbeing among older adults are delineated.

Psychological well-being and health perception: predictors for past, present and future

Background Increasing evidence supports an association between psychological well-being and overall health, however, much remains to be understood about this association. The current study addresses this issue by presenting a new perspective focusing on health perceptions. Additionally, it examines the impact of each of six dimensions of psychological well-being on health perception. Methods Data for this study were collected from a sample of 1,155 Portuguese adults in various settings. Findings reveal that psychological well-being dimensions' impact differently on prior, current, and health outlookperceptions. Furthermore, the dimension depressed mood influences current health perception; in turn, current health perception is the strongest predictor for psychological well-being. Our results provide support for a bidirectional relationship between health perception and psychological well-being.

Physiotherapeutic intervention to promote self-care: exploratory study on Spanish caregivers of patients with dementia.

The caregivers of dependent persons should benefit from social-health interventions that empower them. Physiotherapists can play an important role as facilitators of self-care learning by boosting the mind-body interaction. The aim of this study was to analyse the efficacy of a physiotherapeutic intervention centered on the promotion of self-care within a sample of caregivers, members of four Spanish Associations of Relative of Alzheimer's and other dementias. To fulfill the study goal, a pre-experimental study was developed with two different groups. Group 1 participated in four training sessions based exclusively on the communication of information and which addressed, among other aspects, the most frequent health problems in caregivers and the powerful role of self-care to face such problems. Group 2 received the same theoretical information as group 1, followed by 10 sessions of practical training in several concrete strategies of body-mind self-care. The results obtained support the usefulness of combining theoretical and practical training in mind-body strategies (relaxation, self-massage and stretching), as such combination managed to favor their implication to self-care and certain dimensions of psychological well-being, while attenuating the burden. Conversely, training based solely on theoretical approaches was not beneficial. Besides evidencing the usefulness of combining passive and active methodologies to favor self-care, the data provided calls for greater consideration of aspects close to philosophical perspectives like personal growth.

SCHOOL COUNSELOR’S PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY

School counselor is an inseparable component of education in school (Lunenburg, 2010; ASCA, 2015; Omoniyi & Iyabo, 2016). School counselor's guidance and counseling service should be comprehensive for all students. In carrying out their duty, counselors need to possess adequate psychological well-being (Meyer & Ponston, 2006; Merryman, Martin, & Martin, 2015; Ismail, Jamaludin, & Sumari, 2017; Thomas & Morris, 2017). This phenomenological study was aimed at obtaining an in-depth understanding of the school counselor's psychological well-being from their perspective. The subjects of the study were selected through purposive sampling. Five school counselors in state senior high schools in Central Java Province, Indonesia, were selected as the subjects of the study since they met the criteria determined by the study. The data were collected through in-depth interviews, and by the subjects' narration. This study found that: a) six dimensions of psychological well-being were identified although there were different levels for each subject, b) for the subjects of the study, psychological well-being supports their role and function as a counselor. A counselor with high psychological well-being is capable of balancing their condition both as a counselor and as an individual. As a result, working stress can be minimized, c) the supporting factors of school counselor's psychological well-being entail positive self-concept, religiosity, mindfulness, goal-setting, and social support, d) attempts in enhancing counselor's psychological well-being were accomplished by developing and optimizing the available supporting factors. It is recommended that a quantitative study should be conducted in the future by covering a larger sample in the same situations. Hence, it is expected that there will be a confirmation or possibility of generalization on the conclusion of the present study. It is suggested to manage the counselor candidate’s through education and training that concerns with the development of supporting factors of psychological well-being. Article visualizations:

Creative Entrepreneurs’ Well-Being, Opportunity Recognition and Absorptive Capacity: Self-Determination Theory Perspective

Abstract Recognizing the right opportunities is a key capability in the entrepreneurial process, and creative entrepreneurs’ well-being at work can strengthen their inherent motivation to absorb external knowledge for desirable outcomes. Well-being at work is pleasant judgments of positive attitudes or pleasant experiences, but previous research mainly regarded well-being as an outcome variable. Therefore, this study considers the role of well-being as a mediator conceptualized in physical, psychological, and social well-being dimensions in the opportunity recognition process. Based upon the self-determination theory, this study examines how creative entrepreneurs’ motivation, including creative thinking, self-efficacy, and relatedness, influences their well-being and further affects opportunity recognition. Results from a sample of 234 creative entrepreneurs in Taiwan show that well-being positively mediates the effect of relatedness on opportunity recognition capabilities and absorptive capacity. Moreover, creative thinking and self-efficacy are associated with relatedness, and further with well-being. The key findings suggest that well-being plays a critical role to stimulate motivation for further capability building. This study extends the self-determination theory by linking entrepreneurial motivation with well-being in the entrepreneurial opportunity seeking process.

Happiness, Meaning, and Satisfaction in Life as Perceived by Indian University Students and Their Association with Spirituality.

The present study aims to examine the association between various dimensions of psychological well-being (subjective happiness, satisfaction, and meaning in life), spirituality, and demographic and socioeconomic background of university students. A total of 414 postgraduate students were selected from three different schools, viz. science, management, and social sciences/humanities of Pondicherry University (A Central University), Puducherry, India, following multistage cluster sampling method. One semi-structured questionnaire and four standardized psychological scales, viz. subjective happiness scale, satisfaction with life scale, meaning in life questionnaire, and spirituality attitude inventory, were used for data collection after checking psychometric properties of the scales. The results show that a positive significant correlation between spirituality and subjective happiness exists. Spirituality is also correlated with meaning in life and satisfaction with life scale. Statistically, no significant gender difference was observed with respect to subjective happiness, meaning, and satisfaction in life as well as spirituality although the mean score of female students was more in all the four psychological domains. Non-integrated students are found to be happier than integrated students, and statistically it was significant. Positive interpersonal relationship and congenial family environment were probed to be facilitating factors for positive mental health of university students. There is a severe need to address students' mental health by every educational institution through multiple programs.

Psychological markers of longevity in Sardinian centenarians: the impact of developmental factors and social desirability.

A body of research documented that the study of mental health of the oldest individuals may contribute to understand the psychological characteristics of longevity. This study had two related aims. First, to fully characterize the psychological health of Sardinian elders in the very late adult span. Second, to determine the psychological health of long-lived individuals (i.e., centenarians) from this population. Three gender-matched age groups (octogenarian, nonagenarian, centenarian) of cognitively healthy, community dwelling adults were recruited in Sardinia, an Italian island characterized by higher levels of longevity. Comparisons of total and sub-scale levels of psychological well-being and depressive symptomatology were made while controlling for social desirability. There were few differences in any index of psychological health between the groups; only a decrease in the coping strategies sub-scale of psychological well-being was observed between the centenarians and the octogenarians. Social desirability was differentially associated with specific dimensions of depressive symptoms and psychological well-being. These findings highlight that there is minimal age-related decline in the psychological health of a longevous population, even among its very oldest members. The present outcomes suggest that older Sardinians represent an advantageous population for the investigation of the psychological markers of longevity, since they demonstrate positive adaptation to the challenges (e.g., changes related to their social network) of very late adulthood.

Problematic smartphone usage and subjective and psychological well-being

Despite a growing awareness that problematic usage of smartphones is becoming a significant public health issue, there is limited research on how problematic smartphone usage relates to the humanistic concepts of well-being, particularly those captured in Ryff's six psychological well-being dimensions: positive relations, autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, purpose in life, and self-acceptance. The current study aimed to provide a comprehensive assessment of the relationship between general and problematic smartphone usage and subjective well-being and psychological well-being using long-form, theoretically grounded measures. Australian adults (n = 539, 79% female; age in years M = 25.1, SD = 7.8) completed Diener's Satisfaction with Life Scale, the PANAS, and Ryff's 84-item measure of psychological well-being. Results showed that problematic smartphone usage was correlated with lower well-being on almost all scales. In particular, negative affect, autonomy, and environmental mastery had the largest negative correlations with problematic smartphone usage. Given the stable and dispositional nature of well-being, it seems likely that much of the relationship is driven by a common underlying tendency to experience anxiety, negative emotions, and a lack of control, combined with a tendency to engage in maladaptive coping and compulsive behavior.

“Something inside me has been set in motion”: Exploring the psychological wellbeing of people engaged in sustainability initiatives

The role of sustainability initiatives and niche groups in transitions towards sustainability has received a good deal of attention. However, little is known about the people who make up these groups. This paper discusses their psychological wellbeing – a concept that comprises six elements: self-acceptance, personal growth and development, purpose in life, environmental mastery, autonomy, and positive relations with others. In the study we performed 46 semi-structured interviews with people from 11 sustainability initiatives in five countries across Europe. We find that the groups offer a platform to build and maintain social relations with other, often like-minded, people. While these relations often serve an important motivational function to stay engaged, they are not free of challenges. The interviews show that sustainability initiatives can also provide fertile ground for personal growth and other dimensions of psychological wellbeing. Environmental mastery – and specifically the capacity to cope with global environmental problems beyond individual control – is a major challenge for people engaged in sustainability initiatives. Overall, the data suggests strong links between social engagement and psychological wellbeing. From a theoretical perspective, this paper enriches the transition literature by exploring the role of psychological wellbeing among people engaged in niches.

Big Five and psychological and subjective well-being in Colombian older adults

The goal of the current study was to investigate the relationships between the Five Factor Model of personality and the dimensions of subjective well-being (positive affect, negative affect, and life satisfaction), and psychological well-being (self-acceptance, personal growth, environmental mastery, autonomy, positive relations with others, and purpose in life). Participants included 618 Colombian adults aged 60–92 years. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted. Regarding the subjective well-being, neuroticism was associated with lower scores on life satisfaction, and positively associated with negative affect, whereas extroversion and conscientiousness were associated with higher scores on life satisfaction and positive affect. For psychological well-being, neuroticism showed a negative and significant association with all of the psychological well-being dimensions, except purpose in life, whereas extroversion and conscientiousness showed a significant and positive relationship with the six dimensions. Neuroticism, extraversion, and conscientiousness represent personality predispositions for general well-being. Extraversion and conscientiousness are predictors of optimal aging. Neuroticism was the only significant predictor of negative affect.

Psychological well being and investor's attitude towards various investment options

This paper examined the impact of psychological well being on the investor's attitude towards various investment options. It also examined the impact of individual dimensions of psychological well-being on investor's attitude towards investments. Psychological well being of investors was studied using the measure of Ryff & Keyes (1995) and investor's attitude was studied using a self made questionnaire which was administered on the same sample. Linear regression was applied to check the impact of Psychological well being on investor's attitude towards investment and multivariate regression was applied to check the impact of individual dimensions of psychological well being on investor's attitude towards investments. The results indicate that Psychological well being of investors has a significant impact on their attitude towards investments. It also indicates that dimensions of psychological well being have positive and negative impact on investor's attitude towards investments.

Perceived coach leadership style and psychological well-being among South African national male wheelchair basketball players

BackgroundAn understanding of psychological welfare in sport is essential for the advancement of coach development frameworks and practices to meet the needs of contemporary disabled athletes. ObjectiveThis study investigated the perceived coach leadership style and psychological well-being (PWB) of South African senior national level male wheelchair basketball players (n = 16, Mage = 32.13, SD = 6.62 years). MethodsAn exploratory, quantitative cross-sectional study design was employed in which the Leadership Scale for Sport, Subjective Vitality Scale, and Ryff's Psychological Well-being Scale were utilised to collect the data. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to describe and analyse the data respectively. ResultsPlayers exhibited high levels of subjective vitality and overall PWB. The perceived coach leadership style was strongly represented by the exhibition of training and instruction, and positive feedback behaviour which were also moderately and significantly associated with players' subjective vitality scores and various dimensions of PWB. Moderate and strong negative associations were also noted between players' positive relations with other and the coach's exhibition of democratic, and autocratic leadership behaviour respectively. Essentially, hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that components of perceived coach leadership style were not found to predict PWB. ConclusionAlthough further investigation on national level disabled athletes is warranted, it was concluded that aspects of coaches' leadership style in conjunction with athletes' national level experience could contribute to athletes' professed states of PWB in their sport environment. This study represents essential yet persistently understudied information on selected social settings in sport.

The Relationship Between Trait Gratitude and Psychological Wellbeing in University Students: The Mediating Role of Affective State and the Moderating Role of State Gratitude

Gratitude is a positive psychological characteristic that is connected to wellbeing. This study aims to examine the relation between trait gratitude and psychological wellbeing (PWB), as well as the mediational role of the affective state in the relationship between these concepts. Moreover, we also investigated whether state gratitude moderates the relation between trait gratitude, affective state, and PWB. Participants were 135 undergraduate students who completed a battery of assessments as part of a standard protocol. A gratitude state induction, based on a brief intervention, was also used. Results showed that all the dimensions of trait gratitude were positively associated with the dimensions of psychological wellbeing. Moreover, the relations between the dimensions of trait gratitude, on the one hand, and psychological wellbeing, on the other hand, were mediated by affective state. State gratitude was not a significant moderator for the relations between trait gratitude and PWB. The theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed.

Relating Mindfulness, Heartfulness, and Psychological Well-Being: the Role of Self-Compassion and Gratitude

The aim of this paper is to shed light on the heartfulness-related aspects of mindfulness, explaining their relationship with optimal human functioning. In particular, we investigated the role of self-compassion and gratitude, two variables linked to mindfulness that we considered as indicators of heartfulness towards the self, and towards others, respectively. We tested the mediation of self-compassion and gratitude in the relationship between mindfulness and the six psychological well-being dimensions of autonomy, self-acceptance, environmental mastery, personal growth, positive relations with others, and purpose in life. Based on the literature, we hypothesized that self-compassion would mediate the association between mindfulness and self-acceptance, autonomy, environmental mastery, and positive relations, and that gratitude would mediate the association between mindfulness and all the above dimensions, except for autonomy. Across two studies, involving both meditators and non-meditators, and two different assessment tools for dispositional mindfulness, our hypotheses were supported, even after controlling for two concurrent variables (social support and resilience). These findings suggest that heartfulness is an important underlying mechanism of mindfulness: it seems to foster higher levels of psychological well-being, or optimal human functioning, through a warm and aware attitude towards the self and others.

Influence of Maternal Efficacy on the Psychological Well-Being of their Teenage Children

The present study investigated the influence of maternal efficacy on the psychological well-being of their teenaged children. The study comprised of 60 respondents (30 mothers & 30 o f their children aged between 13 & 15) chosen by purposive sampling method. Maternal self-efficacy scale developed by Teti and Gelfand (1998) and Psychological well-being scale by Carol Ryff (1998) were used for this study. PearsonO's Correlation technique was used for the analysis of the data collected. Results showed that there was a significant positive relationship between maternal efficacy and psychological well-being of their teenaged children. Results also showed that there was a significant relationship between maternal efficacy and the child behavior outcomes such as autonomy, personal growth, self-acceptance and purpose in life variables indicating that the mothers with high levels of maternal efficacy demonstrated adequate competencies which thereby tend to enhance the various dimensions of psychological well-being of their teens such as self-acceptance, autonomy, purpose in life and Personal growth. This finding implies the need for mothers to recognize the influence of parenting competencies which will empower mothers to develop positive parenting skills in order to have an effective parent child relationship and demonstrate high levels of parental competence, which in turn will foster positive behavioral outcomes in their children.

Subjective incompetence as a predictor of treatment outcomes in eating disorder outpatients

Eating disorder (ED) patients are frequently characterized by feelings of inefficacy. The aims of the present study were to investigate subjective incompetence and whether its early modification in therapy is associated with treatment response in terms of both psychological distress and well-being. Sixty female ED outpatients undergoing cognitive-behaviorally-based treatment integrated with nutritional rehabilitation were evaluated using: Subjective Incompetence Scale (SIS), Eating Attitudes Test (EAT), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), and Psychological Well-being Scales (PWB). Repeated measures analysis of variance to test changes in variables and hierarchical regression analyses to test the predictive role of SIS were conducted. Significant improvements in SIS, and in distress measures (EAT, BDI-II) and well-being (PWB) were observed by mid-treatment. Early SIS reductions in patients significantly predicted reductions in EAT-food and bulimic preoccupations, EAT-oral control and EAT-dietary restraint scores, independently of initial depressive symptomatology and illness severity. Gains in three PWB dimensions (environmental mastery, purpose in life, self-acceptance) were also predicted by changes in subjective incompetence. Treatment response might be enhanced by targeting more specifically persistent feelings of incompetence associated with ED symptomatology and compromised psychological well-being dimensions. Such paucities in positive functioning are central themes in EDs and if left untreated might represent obstacles to recovery.

Adult Attachment and Psychological Well-Being: The Mediating Role of Personality

The main aim of the current study was to identify the links between attachment and psychological well-being (PWB) and analyze the personality characteristics that mediated these relationships. The sample was made up of 1403 adults (mean age 37.2 years). The results indicated positive correlations between secure attachment and PWB dimensions, whereas avoidant and anxious attachment were negatively associated with PWB. Significant relationships were found between attachment orientations and different Big Five personality traits, particularly neuroticism. Self-esteem also showed strong links with attachment orientations. Dominance analyses demonstrated that certain personality traits—neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, and self-esteem—had a greater relative importance than attachment orientations for different PWB dimensions. The greatest contribution of attachment was to positive relations with others. The results of mediation analyses showed direct effects of attachment orientations on PWB dimensions, as well as indirect effects through personality characteristics. Self-esteem was an important mediator in all relationships between attachment and PWB. These findings could have significant practical implications in promoting well-being.