Dimensions Of Attitudes Research Articles

From Globalization to Isolation: Exposure to the 2008 Financial Crisis and Three Dimensions of Liberal Attitudes in a Swedish Twin Design

Abstract This study investigates the link between non-liberal attitudes and adverse exposure to market disturbances during the 2008 global financial crisis, drawing from the premise that anti-liberal sentiments among Western voters stem from economic distress. We delve into three facets of liberal ideology in a Swedish sample: economic liberalism, liberal multiculturalism and liberal internationalism. Using variation in crisis exposure within identical twin pairs, comprehensive longitudinal economic data and detailed survey responses, we find no significant shift in economic or multicultural liberal attitudes with different crisis exposures. However, exposure to increased unemployment risk significantly lowered support for liberal internationalism, increasing scepticism towards global governance and multilateral cooperation.

Conative Dimension of Attitude: An Investigation on Student Influencing Stimuli in Decision-Making Processes

This paper investigates various stimuli that influence students’ expressed choice of university, including physical, psychological, social, and virtual factors. Using a combination of survey research and statistical analysis, the study examines the role of these factors in shaping students’ decisions and provides information on the decision-making process. The findings suggest that the support provided through the Virtual Factors is of considerable value for the students when making one of the most important decisions regarding the university to enrol to. Using the Kruskal-Wallis test, it emerges that there are some persistent gender concordances on price perception, study programme’s features, and even family effects. Using a sample of 828 respondents, the present research takes and adds a new angle by examining the effects of these dimensions on the conative aspect of the attitude and describes a behavioural orientation based on the ranking of these factors. This study advancement will be therefore directed to the completion of these factors as well as the ongoing research regarding the factors on how to change the attitudes of students on university study programmes, and thus the selection of these programmes.

Attitude towards the profession, emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and intention to abandon tourism SMEs as an entrepreneur: a conditional mediation model

ABSTRACT While small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are fundamental to the tourism industry, the literature analysing those that fail is scarce. The present study addresses the reasons by examining how two dimensions of burnout (emotional exhaustion and cynicism) and attitude towards being an entrepreneur influence the intention of entrepreneurs to leave their businesses. It also demonstrates the role of conditional mediation, where attitude towards being an entrepreneur moderates the mediation of cynicism in the relationship between emotional exhaustion and intention to abandon one’s business. The sample comprised 231 SME entrepreneurs, and the data were analysed using tri-level approach: partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM); necessary condition analysis (NCA); and artificial neural networks (ANN). The results confirm the importance of the variables above in the participants’ intention to abandon one’s business.

Teaching Topic Preferences in the Nature–Human–Society Subject: How Trainee Teachers Justify Their Likes and Dislikes

This study focuses on the description and explanation of trainee teachers’ attitudes in specific educational situations. More precisely, it demonstrates the reasons why they prefer to teach certain Nature–Human–Society topics over others and, conversely, why they do not like teaching some of those topics—particularly science topics relating to physics and technology. The description of these arguments is relevant because trainee teachers’ attitudes can have an impact on later teacher behavior, especially in a multidisciplinary subject such as Nature—Human–Society, where different topics can be given different amounts of time and importance in class. The results of this study are based on a survey of a student cohort in teacher training in Switzerland. The arguments for liking or disliking a total of twelve teaching topics in the subject Nature–Human–Society were elicited through open-ended questions and theoretically assigned to three attitude dimensions—cognitive beliefs, affective access, and perceived control—following qualitative content analysis. Differences in the reasons for liking and disliking certain teaching topics are shown, as well as the general finding that liking teaching topics is primarily based on cognitive beliefs, while disliking teaching topics is primarily attributed to lacking perceived control or lacking affective access to trainee teachers.

Investigating the driving skills-attitudes nexus for safer roads

While current research extensively delves into the importance of driving skills and attitudes concerning traffic safety, a conspicuous gap remains in substantiating a meaningful correlation between self-reported driving skills and attitudes toward traffic safety. This underscores the need for more in-depth investigation and empirical evidence to better elucidate the nature of the relationship between self-perceived driving skills and attitudes in the context of traffic safety. This study investigates the relationship between drivers' skills and their attitudes toward traffic safety. Data from 664 drivers were collected through self-report questionnaires covering driving skills, attitudes, and demographic information. Factor analysis revealed three distinct factors for both driving skills (perceptual-motor skills, safety skills, and decisional skills) and driving attitudes (attitudes toward rule violations and speeding, attitudes toward careless driving of others, and attitudes toward drinking and driving). Structural equation models unveiled a significant connection between drivers' attitudes and safety skills, as well as decisional skills. Improved safety skills correlated with less favorable attitudes toward rule violations, speeding, careless driving of others, and drinking and driving. Similarly, enhanced decisional skills were associated with a rise in attitudes toward rule violations, speeding, and disregarding careless driving of others. Demographic analysis indicated an inverse correlation between age and attitude factors/decisional skills, coupled with a positive correlation with safety skills. Older individuals had less favorable attitudes toward rule violation, speeding, careless driving of others, the combination of drinking and driving, and their decisional skills were lower. Gender analysis revealed that men had a lower favorable viewpoint toward all three attitude dimensions and reported higher perceptual-motor and decisional skills compared to safety skills. The findings underscore the significance of safety and decisional skills in shaping attitudes toward traffic safety. Demographic factors, particularly age and gender, play a role in influencing these skills and attitudes, offering valuable insights for interventions and policy considerations.

Evaluating the Psychometric Properties of the Revised Attitudes Toward Research Scale for Use with MSW Students.

Evaluating students' attitudes toward research is essential for instructors of any research methods class, as students' general attitudes toward research may impact if and how they integrate research into practice decision making. However, few psychometrically sound, multidimensional instruments that can be used with Master of Social Work (MSW) students exist. This work used confirmatory factor analysis to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Revised Attitudes Toward Research Scale with a diverse sample of 396 master's level social work students. Multiple indicators, multiple causes models and a series of Monte Carlo simulations were then used to assess the relationship between various dimensions of students' attitudes toward research, their prior research exposure/training, and their sociodemographic characteristics. Results indicate that the overall performance of the measure with this sample of MSW students was strong, and the factor structure was consistent with that found when evaluated with different samples in previous research. Moreover, various sociodemographic characteristics predicted scores on the research usefulness, research anxiety, and positive research predisposition subscales. The use of this tool allows instructors to identify students with high levels of research-related anxiety and those who may not intuitively comprehend the need to understand empirical research findings and integrate them into practice decision making. The authors offer suggestions for integrating this validated tool into social work research methods classes to assist in developing students' ability to engage in all steps of the evidence-based practice process once in the field.

A Review of Knowledge-Oriented Leadership and Its Effect on Work Attitudes

This paper systematically reviews the relationship between knowledge-oriented leadership and work attitude. This article reviews knowledge-oriented leadership and work attitudes, including three dimensions of work attitudes: affective commitment, work engagement, and creative self-efficacy. The relationship between knowledge-oriented leadership and work attitude and three dimensions of work attitude are discussed. The review found that most scholars used quantitative methods to conduct research involving different industries in different countries. Most research results proved a significant relationship between knowledge-oriented leadership and work attitude and its three dimensions, but some scholars' research did not support this view. Finally, the paper indicates directions for future research, including the expansion of cross-cultural studies, the increase in longitudinal study designs, multi-attitude integrative studies, and a focus on dynamic change and individual differences.

Impact of Cause-Related Marketing on Brand Attitude: Systematic Review and Future Research Directions

ABSTRACT Cause-related marketing (CRM) is an effective brand strategy involving partnering with charities or causes. A decade of research indicates CRM influences brand attitude, which is a consumer’s liking for a brand or an item they have purchased. However, the literature on this relationship is ambiguous without giving clear convulsive insights. Hence, this review targets to elucidate the way CRM influence brand attitude. The current study employed the “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta – Analysis” (PRISMA) to identify and select the studies included in the review. Further, the review employed the principles of concept matrix and thematic analysis to synthesize knowledge from the identified articles. In this study, CRM strategies are comprehensively examined in terms of how they build the attitude strength of corporate brands and influence cognitive, affective, and conative dimensions of brand attitude. The study findings reveal how CRM (a) influences, (b) strengthens, and (c) alters the consumer’s attitude regarding the brand. Furthermore, it presents potential research directions and a sequence of research questions along with its implications and limitations.

Dimension of Attitudes in Flipped Learning: Enjoyment, Engagement, Motivation, Behavioral Intention, and Perception

This research investigates the influence of video-based flipped learning on the attitudes of students in non-English language programs, focusing on enjoyment, engagement, motivation, behavioral intentions, and perception. The study employed a descriptive research design, collecting data through questionnaires administered to 30 students enrolled in non-English language courses. The findings reveal a significantly positive attitude towards flipped learning, with high scores in enjoyment and engagement indicating a preference for the interactive and dynamic nature of video-based learning environments. The study confirms that motivation and behavioral intentions are positively affected by the flipped model, enhancing students' proactive learning behaviors and overall engagement with the course material. Moreover, the positive perception of video-based learning among students suggests that this method supports a deeper understanding and retention of language skills. This research contributes to the educational discourse by demonstrating that flipped learning models can significantly improve learning experiences and outcomes in non-English language settings. Future studies are encouraged to explore the long-term impacts of flipped learning on language proficiency and retention, aiming to validate and expand upon the current findings.

The relationship between exercise attitudes, exercise consumption demand, and amount of exercise

Exercise attitudes and exercise consumption demand are critical to health promotion. This study explored the relationship between exercise attitudes, exercise consumption demand, and amount of exercise to enrich the "attitude–behavior" model of physical exercise. We used the Exercise Attitude Scale, the Exercise Consumption Demand Scale, and the Physical Activity Rating Scale to investigate the exercise attitudes, exercise consumption demand, and the amount of exercise of 1,227 urban residents. Our results showed that the eight dimensions of exercise attitudes were positively correlated with the four dimensions of exercise consumption demand and the amount of exercise, and the four dimensions of exercise consumption demand were positively correlated with the amount of exercise. In addition, exercise consumption demand played a mediating role in the relationship between exercise attitudes and amount of exercise. The above findings have positive implications for related policies such as health promotion as well as exercise consumption.

Development and validation of the Nursing Information Security Questionnaire.

Background Ensuring the security of nursing information holds substantial importance. The awareness of information security among nurses in China is generally inadequate, and there is a lack of standardized evaluation tools for nurse information security in nursing practice. The nursing sector necessitates the establishment of a robust culture surrounding information security. Objective The aim of this study was to construct a self-reporting instrument for evaluating nursing information security. Methods The research team utilized literature analysis and group discussions to draft the item pool. After two rounds of Delphi consultation by 15 experts and pilot testing, the initial questionnaire was formed. Item analysis was carried out on the questionnaire, and the validity and reliability of the instrument were statistically tested by computing the Keiser-Meier-Olkin (KMO) and Bartlett tests, an exploratory factor analysis, a confirmatory factor analysis, convergent and discriminative validity, descriptive statistics, Cronbach's α and test-retest reliability. Results A total of 501 nurses participated in the study, supplemented by the inclusion of five experts who were invited to contribute to the assessment of content validity. Four factors were formed using exploratory factor analysis (n=250), and the cumulative variance contribution rate was found to be 60.10%. The confirmatory factor analysis (n=251) showed the model fit was good. The overall Cronbach's α coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.948, and the test-retest reliability was 0.837. Conclusion Finally, the NIS-Q with 38 items and three dimensions of knowledge, attitude and practice were formed. A promising assessment instrument for gauging the degree of nursing information security was introduced. Further, a foundational platform was established for implementing specific enhancement strategies aimed at advancing nursing information security.

The Relationship between Five Factors Personality Traits of Nursing Students and Their Attitudes towards Mental Patients

This study aimed to reveal the relationship between the personal traits of nursing students and their attitudes toward mental Patients. The randomized sample consisted of (144) selected students in the Faculty of Nursing at Al al-Bayt University, their ages ranged from (18 to 22) years. The result concluded that nursing students’ attitudes toward mental patients were negative. It also indicated that the trait openness to experience has a significant negative correlation on all domains of attitudes toward mental patients scale, the correlation of the conscientiousness trait with the domains of attitudes toward mental disorders is not significant, and the extraversion trait has significant positive correlation with stereotyping, pessimism and stigma domains. The agreeableness trait has a significant negative correlation with all domains of attitudes toward mental disorders scale. The neuroticism trait has a significant negative correlation with the domain of the tendency towards pity in students' attitudes toward mental patients, while the rest of the domains of students' attitudes toward mental patients were not significant. The results also indicated that there are significant differences in all domains of the attitudes toward mental patients scale due to the gender variable in favor of males; That is, males had more negative attitudes toward mental patients than females. It is also clear that there are no significant differences for the variables of academic level and cumulative average in the dimensions of attitudes toward mental disorders. The study recommends creating educational programs to educate students about the importance of carrying positive attitudes toward mental patients, which contributes to reducing the problems of mental patients.

Effectiveness of Training in Evidence-Based Practice on the Development of Communicative Skills in Nursing Students: A Quasi-Experimental Design.

Communication skills (CSs) and evidence-based practice (EBP) are key foundations for offering personalized and quality nursing care. CS that results in open communication is fundamental for applying EBP. The objective of the study was to assess the relationship between the acquisition of EBP competencies and learning CS after taking an EBP course in the nursing degree. Pre-test-post-test quasi-experimental study without a control group. The study population comprised fourth-year undergraduate nursing students. Before and after an EBP course, students completed a questionnaire on CS competence (HP-CSS) and EBP competence (EBP-COQ). The EBP course lasts for 15 weeks, with 150 h of work for the student. Out of these 150 h, 60 are conducted in person, while the remaining 90 h are for independent or group work, utilizing the flipped classroom methodology. Bivariate, correlational, pairwise Student's t-test, and linear regression multivariate analyses were performed. The sample was composed of 153 students. After completing the EBP course, there was a statistically significant improvement in informative communication (p = 0.046) and assertiveness (p = 0.018). However, there were no observed changes in empathy, respect, and the total score of the CS competence. The results from the multivariate analysis showed that the dimensions of attitude towards EBP and EBP knowledge had a positive relation to three of the four dimensions of the CS and overall competence. Regarding the students' variables and characteristics, admission through special programs for athletes and older students (p < 0.001) and being female (p = 0.004) were positively statistically associated with empathy. EBP training positively affects the development of CS in nursing students, as shown by significant improvements in the total scores of the CS and the dimensions of informative communication and assertiveness after the intervention. This study demonstrates the initial applicability and usefulness of an EBP training program for the development of CS in nursing students.

Exploring the Impact of Consumer Vanity on Money Attitude and Compulsive Buying of Branded Products in Indonesia

Branded products have become a prominent focus for young consumers in Indonesia, often leading to significant expenditures and the development of compulsive buying behaviors. This study explores the mediating role of consumer vanity in the relationship between money attitudes and compulsive buying among undergraduate students in Surabaya, Indonesia. Data were collected from 276 participants using a purposive sampling method. The analysis, conducted with Hayes’ Process Model 4, examined the influence of three money attitude dimensions—power prestige, distrust, and anxiety—on compulsive buying. The findings reveal that consumer vanity significantly mediates the relationships between power prestige (β =.16, CI =.08,.24), distrust (β =.23, CI =.10,.37), anxiety (β =.35, CI =.21,.52), and compulsive buying. These results suggest that young consumers use branded product purchases to project success and align themselves with an affluent lifestyle. Compulsive buying emerges as a behavior through which individuals display power and status, reinforcing the role of consumer vanity in driving such purchases.

University Students’ Attitudes toward Artificial Intelligence: An Exploratory Study of the Cognitive, Emotional, and Behavioural Dimensions of AI Attitudes

Artificial intelligence (AI) drives new modes of learning and improves the workflow of instructors. Nevertheless, there are concerns about academic integrity, plagiarism, and the reduction of critical thinking in higher education. Therefore, it is important to record and analyze university social sciences students’ attitudes toward AI, which is a significant predictor of later use of AI technologies. A sample of 190 university students (82.45% female) from a Greek social sciences department was selected. Descriptive statistics revealed that students’ attitudes toward AI were mostly positive. A principal components analysis confirmed a three-component solution of attitudes toward AI, comprising cognitive, behavioral, and emotional dimensions. Comparative analysis of the three components indicated that the emotional dimension was the highest ranked, followed by the cognitive and behavioral dimensions. Pairwise correlation analyses revealed that the strongest correlate of cognitive, behavioral, and emotional components of attitudes toward AI was the future frequency of AI use, followed by general feelings of safety with technology. In conclusion, students display more emotional and cognitive favorable dispositions toward AI. The social background of the students and the prospective future use of AI play a key role in the formulation of attitudes toward AI. University educators need to provide more teaching and learning about AI to improve students’ attitudes toward AI and future AI use.

Does the livelihood capital of rural households in national parks affect intentions to participate in conservation? A model based on an expanded theory of planned behavior

The purpose of this research was to examine the motivations of rural farmers to participate in community conservation within national parks. An expanded version of the Theory of Planned Behavior was used to explore the impacts of economic and psychological factors on farmer willingness to engage in conservation efforts. In using the livelihood capital concept along with the TPB theory, structural equation modeling was applied to analyze survey data from rural residents within Nanling National Park, Guangdong, China. The attitudes of farmers about the development of the national park and subjective norms significantly affected willingness to participate in community conservation, and the willingness was directly influenced by financial, social, and institutional dimensions of livelihood capital. For certain dimensions of livelihood capital, attitudes and subjective norms mediated willingness to engage in conservation efforts, the affecting path being livelihood capital → subjective norms → attitudes → willingness to participate in community conservation. Perceived behavioral control had a positive moderating effect between attitudes and willingness. The findings help to explain the factors driving rural farmer willingness to engage in community conservation. Socio-psychological factors and institutional capital were particularly instrumental in affecting willingness. Overall, this research reveals how different types of livelihood capital influence community conservation among farmers and the importance of community conservation as a livelihood strategy option, as well as the psychological and economic factors of farmers in a changing institutional environment. Based on the findings, corresponding policy recommendations are presented to improve the effectiveness of community conservation policy, and also provide China's experience and reference for other developing countries to formulate targeted community conservation policies.

Examining the effectiveness of interventions to reduce discriminatory behavior at work: An attitude dimension consistency perspective.

Academic interest in reducing discrimination has produced substantial research testing interventions to mitigate biased outcomes. However, disparate findings and a scarcity of studies examining work-related behavioral measures make it challenging to determine which interventions are better suited to reduce workplace discrimination. Derived from the tripartite theory of attitudes and the principle of compatibility, I develop a conceptual model mapping the attitude focus of interventions and code studies in this literature from the past two decades for these common properties. Based on a meta-analysis of 70 articles totaling 208 effect sizes, I test this conceptual model, finding that it helps explain why some interventions to reduce discrimination yield superior outcomes relative to others. In particular, results indicate that passive interventions, such as short-term education or reminders of bias processes, are largely ineffective in shifting behavior. Conversely, the class of interventions that targets behavior directly by attempting to inhibit the manifestation of bias (e.g., making individuals accountable for their decisions or changing social norms) emerged as the most helpful category of interventions in this area. Overall, results support a key prediction of the attitude dimension consistency perspective, demonstrating that aligning the attitude dimension primarily targeted by an intervention and the outcome measured could lead to improved results in this area. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Oncology Nurses in the Maintenance of Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) in Selected Hospitals in Shandong Province China

Background: Standardized catheter maintenance by nurses can reduce complications. Understanding the knowledge, attitude and practice status of clinical nurses in PICC maintenance is of great practical significance for medical and health development. Objective: To describe the current knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of nurses on peripheral central catheterization (PICC) maintenance. Methods: The knowledge, attitude and behavior of PICC maintenance of 317 oncology nurses in Shandong Province were analyzed by questionnaires. The counting data were described by frequency and percentage. The influence factors of PICC maintenance knowledge, attitude and behavior were determined by independent sample t test and one-way analysis of variance. Results Gender, age, professional title, education level, work experience, PICC training experience and PICC certificate are all significant factors affecting PICC maintenance knowledge, attitude and behavior. In the dimension of PICC maintenance knowledge, 212 nurses (mean = 10.00, SD=1.26) were proficient in PICC maintenance knowledge, while 105 nurses (mean = 16.60, SD=1.34) were obviously lacking in PICC maintenance knowledge. In the dimension of PICC maintenance attitude, the average score of nurses' PICC maintenance attitude was 52.92+10.34 points, and 228 nurses (mean = 58.86, SD=4.67) had a positive attitude towards PICC maintenance. The average score of nurses' PICC maintenance practice was 62.03+13.00, 64% of nurses had good PICC maintenance practice ability, and 203 nurses (mean =71.33, SD=4.76) had good PICC maintenance practice ability. Discussion In conclusion, the knowledge, attitude and practice of PICC maintenance of oncology nurses in Shandong Province were all at a moderate level. The role of demographic factors on PICC maintenance was paid attention to, and the training on PICC maintenance was emphasized, and the knowledge level, attitude cognition and practical ability of nurses on PICC maintenance were improved through diversified training methods.

Sustainable consumption practices among Chinese youth

A global crisis caused by unsustainable practices and their detrimental effects on civilization has compelled us to rethink the adoption of green consumption practices. This study aims to determine the determinants of green consumption behavior among Chinese youth. Based on the integrated frameworks of two renowned theories, the knowledge-attitude-practice model and the theory of planned behavior, this study proposes 11 hypotheses for empirical investigation. An online survey was used for a quantitative cross-sectional study with a convenience sample of young Chinese consumers. A dataset comprising 876 observations was examined by applying partial least squares structural equation modeling using Smart-PLS 4.0. The results show that green consumption intention and perceived behavioral control significantly affect green consumption behavior. Attitudes towards eco-social benefits, attitudes towards green consumption, and subjective norms positively affect green consumption intentions. In addition, environmental concern and knowledge positively affected all three attitude dimensions. The study further identified that green self-identity moderates the connection between green consumption intention and green consumption behavior, whereas ecolabelling is not a significant moderator of the same relationship. The theoretical contribution of this study is that it employs multigroup analysis to investigate gender- and income-based variations in the relationships, offering a comprehensive framework integrating theories along with dimensions of attitude, which offers nuanced insights into green consumption behavior. Regarding its policy implications, this study highlights the necessity of promoting environmental concern and knowledge through education and awareness campaigns while supporting eco-social benefits and green consumption practices, which can be a potent way to promote positive attitudes, intentions, and sustainable behaviors among the general population.

Political Partisanship, Confucian Collectivism, and Public Attitudes toward the Vaccination Policy in Taiwan.

Conventional wisdom suggests that people with a collectivist tradition tend to comply more with the government's regulatory and even coercive disease-prevention policies. Besides this socio-cultural element, political partisanship is also an important aspect relating to people's willingness to cooperate with the government. This study aims to examine the relationships between these two factors and three dimensions of vaccination policy attitudes: common responsibility to take the vaccine, the government's vaccine mandate, and indignation over anti-vaxxers. Using the data from a nationally representative cross-sectional survey conducted in 2022 in Taiwan, this study applies multiple linear OLS regression to examine the relationships between vaccination policy attitudes and Confucian collectivism and political partisanship. Confucian collectivism and political partisanship aligning with the ruling party are associated with supportive vaccination policy attitudes. For those who do not align with the ruling party, the negative attitudes toward the vaccination policy appear in different dimensions according to the party they lean to. Confucian collectivism is prevalent in Taiwan and is related to public attitudes toward vaccination policy. This association is independent of political partisanship. Public health authorities should consider the socio-cultural context and political atmosphere for the effectiveness of disease-prevention measures.