Dilution Research Articles

Activity measurements of liquid copper binary alloys

AbstractTo clarify the behaviour of impurities in crude copper, thermodynamic studies have been carried out using the transportation, EMF and Knudsen effusion methods. The results of activity measurements of liquid copper binary alloys containing lead, thallium, bismuth, antimony, zinc, cadmium, tellurium, selenium, arsenic, indium, silver and tin are summarized. It was observed that the activity curves of these alloys, especially in the dilute solution range, can be correlated to the group and period to which the alloying elements belong in the Periodic Table. Activity coefficients at infinite dilution and heats of mixing both show periodic behaviour. The obtained data are applied to the fire refining of copper, in which impurities are removed by oxidation and volatilization. Resume Afin de clarifier le comportement des impuretes dans le cuivre brut, des etudes thermodynamiques ont ete effectuees a l'aide des techniques de transport, de f.e.m. et d'effusion de Knudsen. Les resultats des mesures d'activit...

Production and Evaluation of Antibodies for Radioimmunoassay of Secretin

In order to produce antibodies for radioimmunochemical analysis of secretin in plasma, 16 rabbits were immunized; two different immunization schemes were followed. All rabbits produced detectable antibodies to secretin. The final dilution of the antisera necessary to bind 50% of 5 fmol [125I]secretin varied from 1:5,000 to 1:2,300,000. The avidity of antisera, expressed by the equilibrium constant, ranged from 5 x 10(6) 1 x mol-1 to 3 x 10(11) 1 x mol-1. Six rabbits produced antisera that displayed avidity sufficient for measurement of the physiologic concentrations of secretin in plasma (Keff greater than 10(11) 1 x mol-1). The equation of Sips was used to evaluate the heterogeneity of the antibodies. Seven of the 16 antibodies to secretin had a heterogeneity index of 0.90 or more. Cross-reactivity with structurally related peptide hormones (glucagon, vasoactive intestinal peptide, gastric inhibitory peptide) was found to be negligible for the six antisera examined (those with the highest avidity). Three of the high-avidity antisera were examined for reactivity with secretin fragments. They all bound the C-terminal secretin tricosa and tetradecapeptides almost as well as pure natural secretin, whereas the reactivity with the N-terminal tetradecapeptide was slightly lower.

On the dilution of series

On the dilution of series

The dilution of academic power in Canada

The dilution of academic power in Canada

The dilution of academic power in Canada

The dilution of academic power in Canada

Determination of Extraction Constant by Stoichiometric Dilution

Determination of Extraction Constant by Stoichiometric Dilution

The influence of dilution on the hatching activity of sugarbeet-root diffusate

The influence of dilution on the hatching activity of sugarbeet-root diffusate

Dilution and Counter-Dilution in Reporting for Deferred Equity

Dilution and Counter-Dilution in Reporting for Deferred Equity

Validation of dextran blue as a dilution indicator in the stomach.

Validation of dextran blue as a dilution indicator in the stomach.

Have We Solved the Dilution Problem?

Have We Solved the Dilution Problem?

Dilution... solution

Dilution... solution

More on Dilution

More on Dilution

Proteus-Providence菌群に対するNalidixic AcidとNitrofuran系薬剤の拮抗作用

1) An antagonistic effect was observed between nalidixic acid and certain nitrofurans against the organisms of Proteus- Providence group by means of agar diffusion method with sensitivity disc and agar dilution method.2) This effect was one way, i.e., the antibacterial activity of nalidixic acid was decreased by certain nitrofurans, while that of the latter was not altered by the former.3) This phenomenon appeared only when the nitrofurans were added to the culture before the addition of nalidixic acid or almost simultaneously together with nalidixic acid.4) This phenomenon was common to each species of Proteus-Providence group, i.e., P. mirabilis, P. vulgaris, Morganella, Rettgerella and Providencia.5) Among the nitrofurans, furazolidone, nitrofurazone and guanofuracin exhibited the antagonistic effect, but dihydroxymethylfuratrizine, furaltadone and panazone did not.6) According to the microscopic observation on the bacterial cells the addition of the nitrofurans appeared to inhibit the cellular elongation resulting by the inhibitory effect of nalidixic acid on the binary fission of the cells.7) Compared to the single administratiion of nalidixic acid, the combined administration with nitrofurantoin seemed to reduce the antibacterial activity against Proteus-Providence group in urine.

The Many Aspects of Dilution

The Many Aspects of Dilution

アジア型インフルエンザウイルスに関する研究

A strain which is sensitive to the antibodies and insensitive to the non-specific inhibitor in human serum.16 strains of influenza virus were isolated in Kyushu district 1959 and classified into P, Q phase virus.There was one strain among them which was sensitive to the antibody of human convalescent serum and insensitive to the non-specific inhibitor in human and horse serum and it was studied principally.The results were as follows.1) 16 strains isolated from the outbreak in Kyushu district 1959 were identified as Asian type influenza virus, and 15 isolated strains were P-phase and 1 strain was X-phase.2) The distribution of P-Q phase virus isolated in Kyushu district from 1957 to 1959 was irregular at each epidemic, but increase of P-phase virus and decrease of Q and X-phase virus were recognized.3) Haemagglutination of Kumamoto KB-4-59 (X-phase) was inhibited by normal horse serum and HAT titres were irregular at each generation and dilution of inocula but when we subcultured this strain mixing with diluted horse serum (1:100), it became to be not inhibited by normal human and horse serum, and its character was stable until E-13 (13 egg passages).4) The change of antigenic structure of KB-4 (subcultured with horse serum) was not observed.5) As KB-4 was not inhibited by inhibitor in human serum, HAT antibody in human serum could be investigated without treatment of the serum with IRE and Sodium periodate.6) P-Q phase virus were not closely related with cow red cell agglutination.7) The sensitivity to specific antibodies and inhibitores was not related with CF antigen titre.8) P-phase virus had the highest immunogenicity of the 3 phase viruses and X-phase virus had higher one than Q-phase virus, when mice were immunized with 3 viruses.

The use of humates for the dilution of slips

The use of humates for the dilution of slips

乳状切削剤の希釈度と切削温度との関係

乳状切削剤の希釈度と切削温度との関係

Dilution of Dusts by Volume

Dilution of Dusts by Volume

Urgency, Scarcity, Expansion, Dilution...

Urgency, Scarcity, Expansion, Dilution...

Penicillin Stops Germ Growth at Dilution of 1:12,000,000

Penicillin Stops Germ Growth at Dilution of 1:12,000,000