Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis Research Articles

Macrostructure analysis of Indonesian-translation and source texts of the World Health Organization’s Covid-19 pandemic guidance

Since the beginning of the Covid-19 Pandemic, the world has heavily relied on the internet to acquire information. The Pandemic is growing as a complex information discourse with so many texts from many sources. Various texts about Covid-19 certainly have various meanings for their readers. It is interesting to see an information resource that presents information in many languages in parallel. This study aims to reveal the global meaning of the parallel Indonesian and English texts of Covid-19 released by the World Health Organization. More specifically, this study examines whether parallelism in the two versions of the same text will present differences in the global meaning of each text; and whether there are social and political aspects that potentially affect the differences. The data for this study consists of two pairs of question-and-answer texts about Covid-19 published by WHO in English and Indonesian. This study used van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis framework at the macrostructure level. This study collected all texts and macro rules (deletion, generalization, and construction) have been applied to reduce information at the texts’ micro level to macropropositions at the macro level or the global topics/themes of discourse. There are some differences in the Indonesian text when compared to the original English text. Some of these differences may appear in the Indonesian translated version as a response to Indonesia's social and political conditions during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Ideologi Pada Novel Ayat-Ayat Cinta: Analisis Wacana Kritis Model Van Dijk

The ideology contained in the novel is a central concept in critical discourse analysis. One of the novelists who has a view of the surrounding existence through an ideology is Habiburarahman El Shirazy. The purpose of this research is to find out the form of ideology that underlies the novel Ayat-Ayat Cinta by Habiburahman El Shirazy and to describe the context that triggers the ideology contained in the novel. This research uses Van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis theory. This type of research is included in qualitative descriptive research with content analysis techniques. The data in this study are sentences and paragraphs. Based on the research results, it is known that the ideology underlying the novel Ayat-ayat Cinta by Habiburarahman El Shirazy is Islamic ideology. The context that triggers this ideology is how Habiburrahman El Shirazy views perceptions of Muslim and western society towards Islam, views on how to date in Islam, and is based on Habiburrahman El Shirazy's biography. Overall, the novel Ayat-Ayat Cinta is a novel that reminds readers that at least they can change their mindset by reading and understanding the Koran well and implementing Islamic concepts in everyday life.

Van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis of The “Dapur Keluarga” Song and Its Relevance To The Corruption, Collusion, and Nepotism Phenomenon in Indonesia

In 2020 Feast music group released the Uang Muka album. In the album, one song, Dapur Keluarga, represents the phenomenon of Corruption, Collusion, and Nepotism (KKN) in Indonesia. To analyze the discourse of social criticism in the song Dapur Keluarga, Teun A. Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis model has three analytical frameworks. That is text analysis, social cognition, and social context. Qualitative descriptive is a research method that carefully describes and interprets the data from discourse analysis with existing phenomena and is then used to draw relevance between social criticism discourse and KKN phenomena in Indonesia.Based on the results of research using the method of analysis of critical discourse Teun A. Van Dijk, through text structure, social cognition, and social context analysis, found that the Dapur Keluarga has a meaning with the message of social criticism delivered satirically to human actions in seeking to profit from the suffering of others such as the practice of Corruption, Collusion, and Nepotism carried out by the corrupt and those closest to them (family and relatives) who It is depicted in the Dapur Keluarga. The relevance of discourse is found in the real problems in Indonesia. Cases of KKN practice involving family members and closest people, such as the case of the Regent of East Kutai, Bansos West Bandung, Gratification of Cases in the Supreme Court, and many more. In conclusion, the discourse of social criticism of the lyrics of the Dapur Keluarga song has relevance to the phenomena of Corruption, Collusion, and Nepotism in Indonesia.

Representation of Ideology in K.H Said Aqil Shiradj’s Speech: Critical Discourse Analysis

The purpose of this study is to reveal the ideology contained in the text of KH Said Aqil Shiradj's speech on the commemoration of the 73rd NU Muslim celebrations. The data obtained in video form was then transcribed in text form. In analyzing the data, the researcher uses Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis approach which consists of text analysis in the form of macro, super, and micro structures, analysis of social cognition, and social analysis. Text analysis seeks to analyze the themes, structure, and linguistic features of speech. The analysis of social cognition seeks to analyze the production of speech texts and social analysis to analyze the discourse that develops in society. From the two speeches analyzed there are ideologies, namely religious national ideologies. This ideology is in line with the ideology adopted by NU which is based on thereligious scriptures of Muslims. With this ideology, KH Said Aqil Shiradj uses the basis of the Islamic religion that comes from the hol book of Muslims which is used as a basis in creating a national spirit to play a role in maintaining the unity and integrity of the Indonesian state

Online news regarding the spread of the omicron variant in Southeast Asia

Cases of Omicron-type Covid-19 have increased substantially worldwide. With the opening of the Omicron 68 case as of 30 December 2021, Indonesia has become the fourth largest country in Southeast Asia in terms of Covid cases. Singapore is in the first place, with 134 Omicron instances. This study aimed to find online news discourse regarding the spread of the Omicron variant in Southeast Asia. The method used in this research is van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis on online news via Kompas.com, news.abs-cbn.com, and channelnewsasia.com during December 2021. This study concludes that the three media reported the spread of the Omicron variant in the text dimension and tried to bring up vaccination efforts. In the dimension of social cognition, ensuring public health for the sake of survival is the ideology that is built. In the context dimension, the social context is built by providing equal opportunities to all people in getting the right to get vaccinated so that matters relating to health issues also have an impact on the economic aspect in line with the national economic recovery.

Analisis Wacana Kritis Pemberitaan Penolakan Tambang Andesit di Desa Wadas pada Tempo.co

This study explains the dimension of the Teun A van Dijk model in online text news entitled "Rejecting the Andesite Mining in Wadas Village" by Tempo.co. Tempo's online newspaper provided survey data and data sources in text news entitled Rejecting the Andesite Mining in Wadas Village. The data collection technique in this research is used a descriptive-analytical documentation method with a critical discourse analytical approach of the Teun A van Dijk models. Investigation in Teun Van Djik's theory consists of three dimensions. Those three dimensions are superstructure, macrostructure, and microstructure dimensions. The superstructure dimension is about text consistency and schematization. The macro-structural dimension of Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis of the model discusses the problem: the discussion of the inhabitants of the village of Wadas refusing to mine andesite in their area. The microstructure dimension is background, detail, Intent, premise, sentence form (passive and active clauses), coherence (additive/additive coherence, causal coherence, and contrast coherence), pronouns (they and our pronouns), lexicons, graphics, and metaphors.

Documentaries as Cultural Diplomacy: TRT Documentary's Discourses on Hagia Sophia

In this study, the contribution of the discourses of cultural documentaries, which are used as an international image and reputation management tool, to cultural diplomacy is discussed. The research discussed the Mysterious documentary History: Hagia Sophia, which was selected by random sampling method among the shares of TRT Documentary Youtube channel, in terms of the cultural documentary. The study is essential in determining the discourses of TRT Documentary, which contributes to cultural documentarian towards cultural diplomacy. In addition, the study is essential in that it is the first study to analyze the documentaries on Hagia Sophia that contribute to cultural diplomacy and contributes to the literature in this respect. The Hagia Sophia documentary was analyzed in the Maxqda program using Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis and content analysis method. The findings obtained in this context are as follows: In the documentary Hagia Sophia, the discourse has been developed over the temple's history, its architectural features, and the mysteries it contains. These discourses are rhetorically strengthened using techniques of arousing curiosity and presenting scientific evidence. The documentary contributes to cultural diplomacy by examining the architectural features, history, and mysteries of Hagia Sophia with religious, artistic, and scientific methods. The scientific techniques used in this cultural documentary, which contributes to cultural diplomacy, contribute to the international image and reputation.

THE CULTURAL SHIFT OF THE POEM “DIORAMA” BY SOSIAWAN LEAK: THE STUDY OF VAN DIJK's CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS

This study aims to reveal the meaning of cultural shift in the poem "Diorama" by Sosiawan Leak. The theory used for cultural shift is Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis model. This research has a descriptive qualitative design with a theoretical approach to Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis model. The source of research data is the poem "Diorama" by Sosiawan Leak. Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis consists of an analysis of the structure in the text, cognition, and the social context that surrounds the discourse. The data collection technique uses reading techniques in the form of heuristics related to linguistics or language conventions based on interpreter findings, while hermeneutics is based on readings made to interpret the "Diorama" poem based on the scalpel used. The data analysis technique used is content analysis, with the technique of presenting research results based on the discourse analysis of the Teun A. Van Dijk model. The results show that the poem "Diorama" reflects various forms of resistance and criticism of the colonization of the media crew in an effort to reveal oppression, violence, injustice, alienation, and education that is not intellectual.

Argumentative Statements in The 2016 Presidential Debates Of The U.S: A Critical Discourse Analysis

This study investigates the argumentative statements of Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump during the debates. By employing two theories, Van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and Toulmin's model of argument, it aims to expose how various ideologies are expressed in the structure of arguments. It uses Toulmin (2003) model of argument to analyze the structures of argumentation during the debates constituting six elements (i.e. claim, data, warrant, backing, qualifier, and rebuttal). While Van Dijk’s framework covering three levels of discourse structure (the meaning, the argumentation and the rhetoric) is used to analyze the reproduction of racism, manipulation, and Islamophobia. The result indicates the discourse of the candidates contributes the reproduction of manipulation by focusing on the positive self-presentation of “us” (civilized) and negative other-presentationof “them” (terrorists) as a mind control of the audience.

Argumentative Statements in The 2016 Presidential Debates Of The U.S: A Critical Discourse Analysis

This study investigates the argumentative statements of Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump during the debates. By employing two theories, Van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and Toulmin's model of argument, it aims to expose how various ideologies are expressed in the structure of arguments. It uses Toulmin (2003) model of argument to analyze the structures of argumentation during the debates constituting six elements (i.e. claim, data, warrant, backing, qualifier, and rebuttal). While Van Dijk’s framework covering three levels of discourse structure (the meaning, the argumentation and the rhetoric) is used to analyze the reproduction of racism, manipulation, and Islamophobia. The result indicates the discourse of the candidates contributes the reproduction of manipulation by focusing on the positive self-presentation of “us” (civilized) and negative other-presentationof “them” (terrorists) as a mind control of the audience.

Analisis Wacana Islam Moderat: Kajian Tafsir Lisan Perspektif Gus Ahmad Bahauddin Nursalim

The study of Islam in Indonesia are seen to be very diverse, both in terms of thoughts and procedures for carrying out worship. The term moderate Islam is now starting to be reinvigorated as a step to unite the religious understanding of the community. Differences in people's understanding are considered to be able to trigger the emergence of divisions that can damage the integrity of the Indonesia. This study aims to analyze moderate Islamic discourse in the study of oral interpretation of KH. Ahmad Bahauddin Nursalim broadcast via social media Youtube. This study used a qualitative approach through the descriptive-analytical method of Teun Van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis (AWK). The results indicated that moderate Islam in the study of oral interpretation from the perspective of KH. Ahmad Bahauddin Nursalim was different from Islamic view in the Middle East, although it has the same theological understanding. This understanding actually emphasizes that Islam is not a religion that carries hard currents, takes extreme actions by disbelievers or heretical. On the other hand, moderate Islam as Islam that is rahmatan lil 'alamin is in line with the teachings of Islam inherited by the Prophet Muhammad. This study concluded that moderate Islam is appropriate to use in this country of Indonesia which has a diversity of ethnicities, nations and religions.

COMPARISON BETWEEN INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND TAIWAN IN FACING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AT TIRTO.ID POSTER

The COVID-19 pandemic captured the attention of all media, not least Tirto.id who uploaded a poster on his Instagram feed exactly the first 30 days of COVID-19 in Indonesia. The poster discusses taiwan's handling of the situation in his country. So it raises the question Tirto.id chose Taiwan to fill its posters? Using van Dijk's critical discourse analysis to see the power at play behind the Tirto.id posters, as well as to dialogue the rational actor model I put forward by Graham to compensate for the policies and regulations imposed by the Governments of Indonesia and Taiwan in the handling of pandemics in their respective countries. Produce findings namely; First, Tirto.id praised taiwan's successful handling of the pandemic as well as a relaxed form of sarcasm to the Government of Indonesia during the first 30 days. Second, historically, Taiwan's past failures with the SARS epidemic have made them learn to be better prepared from many sides. Meanwhile, Indonesia's success in handling Bird Flu makes Indonesia more relaxed and optimistic in the face of this pandemic.

ANALYSIS OF VAN DIJK'S DISCUSSION ON ONLINE NEWS TEXT IN THE CASE OF DESTRUCTION AND HATE SPEAKING OF JERINX SID ON MEDIA LIPUTAN6.COM PERIOD 13 AUGUST 2020 TO 19 NOVEMBER 2020

Jerinx or JRX is a musician, singer-songwriter, and an Indonesian social media activist. He is best known as the drummer for the rock band Superman Is Dead. Jerinx is a social activist who has a great influence among young Balinese. Liputan6.com is a site that provides a variety of selected information for its users and also intensively reports on the Jerinx case. Because the mass media is an actor of social construction that defines reality, the researcher will analyze the macro structure and micro structure of online news discourse texts. By using descriptive qualitative methods and focusing research on reporting on allegations of defamation and hate speech on social media Instagram on the online media liputan6.com for the period 13 August 2020 to 19 November 2020 using Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis. The results showed that the 6 news discourse analyzes showed a tendency for the editorial of liputan6.com to side with IDI who reported Jerinx for alleged defamation and hate speech on social media Instagram and that the police action quickly resolved this case, with only 2 pieces of evidence that Jerinx obtained. named a suspect.
 Keywords: Online news, Critical Discourse Analysis.

Kritik Terhadap Tafsir Audiovisual: Telaah Wacana Toleransi Beragama dalam Ragam Unggahan Tafsir QS. Al-Kāfirūn pada Akun Hijab Alila Perspektif Analisis Wacana Kritis.

Hijab Alila's account is one of the online media that actively interprets the of the Qur'an in an audiovisual. One form of interpretation is the discourse of religious tolerance which is correlated with QS. al-Kafirun. However, in general, this interpretation cannot be separated from certain interests. This study is intended to explore these interests. By using van Dijk's critical discourse analysis approach which focuses on the social dimension, this research finds: first, the interpretation of Alila's Hijab account on QS. al-Kafirun as part of the discourse on religious tolerance tends to be only translating and seems simplification of something that is in fact complex. Second, Hijab Alila has a power relationship that is able to influence the production of netizens' interpretations regarding the discourse of religious tolerance, through the interpretation of QS. the al-Kafirun. More than that, this cannot be separated from the figure of Felix Siauw as an ustaz or activist of the Indonesian Hizbut Tahrir movement. As a result, Hijab Alila is able to control the condition of the netizens' beliefs, mentality, behavior and knowledge. Third, social media makes it easier for Hijab Alila to gain access to influence. In this case, it uses followers as an ideological mouthpiece. These followers will re-share Alila's Hijab uploads on their social media networks.

Religious Dynamics in Mass Media: A Study on Popular Articles in Kompas and Republika Newspapers

This paper examines the religious dynamics image in contemporary Indonesia was presented by the printed mass media. Using van Dijk's critical discourse analysis method, and the hierarchy of influence media content of Pamela Shoemaker and Stephen Reese, this paper examines the content of popular articles in the Kompas and Republika for the period 2013-2017. These two print media were chosen because they are two different ideological poles. Kompas was born from Catholic activists and supported by several military officers. Meanwhile, Republika was founded by Islamic activists with government support. The themes of popular articles in both media revolve around issues of the state and democracy, political dynamics and Islamic parties, and spirituality. The religious discourse contest at Kompas and Republika was filled with Muslim scholars and leaders of Islamic mass organizations. Kompas does not provide enough space for new writers so that its popular articles are filled by monotonous scholars. On the other hand, Republika has promoted many new writers. However, Republika also features internal writers. Popular articles from Kompas and Republika put forward a moderate religious face. However, Republika seems to emphasize the Islamic side more, while Kompas appears to be more inclusive.

Brahma Wangsa Tatwa Text Structure in Critical Discourse Analysis Perspective

As a text that holds Hindu religious values, the text Br?hma Wang?a Tatwa is unique. This text is written by utilizing linguistic elements which confer the practice of power over public awareness. The focus of this research is on the text structure used to raise the Br?hma Wang?a Tatwa text. This research was conducted by applying the principles of van Dijk's critical discourse analysis and qualitative descriptive methods and literature studies. The results of the study exposed that the macrostructure of the text bears the theme kawang?an. In the superstructure analysis, the text is constructed inter-textually by linking various other texts with topics, such as the birth of the wang?a Br?hma?a and K?atria as the opening part; inter-wangsa marriage, etiquette for priests and inter-wangsa ethics as the content part; and colophon concerning the identity of the text and the author as the closing part. The study of microstructure reveals that the text semantically holds the meaning of respect for the Br?hma?a and K?atria. The study of syntactic revealed that the use of various conjunctions plays a primary role in the inter-textual course. In terms of sentence pattern, it is identified that interrogative sentences are used to emphasize the status of each wang?a. The stylistic study of the text reveals that there is the use of a particular lexicon to highlight the status of each wang?a. The rhetorical study of the text exposes that there is the usage of figurative language which is also used to emphasize the status of wang?a Br?hma?a. Based on the structure description, Br?hma Wang?a Tatwa text contains the ideology of Br?hma?a wang?a uttama, which highlights the peculiarity of responsibility in behavior.

Akhbar Khuttah Mishriyyah-Urduniyyah li al-Saitharah alâ Taáddud Jihât al-Qarâr fi Hamas (Tahlil al-Khitab al-Naqdy Teun A. Van Dijk

This research is about critical discourse analysis using Teun A. Van Dijk's theory specialized in the discussion of the text section. Analyzing the discourse on Egyptian-Jordanian plans to control the large number of Hamas decision-makers, Van Dijk sees that the text consists of several structures/levels, which support each other. He divided it into three levels. First, the overall structure, second, the superstructure, and third, the microstructure. This type of research is qualitative research using the method of documentation and descriptive analysis of the content of the news text. In the documentation process, the researcher obtained the data from the news website alarab.co.uk. This study aims to determine the results of Teun A. Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis on the news text. The object of this study is the online news media in Arabic, alarab.co.uk, while the subject of this research is the discourse of the state of the many faces of the Hamas organization that controls decision-making. This analysis was performed on macro-structure (themes), superstructure (layouts), micro-structure (semantics: background, detail, intent, assumptions), micro-structure (structure: sentence form, coherence, and pronouns), and micro-structure (style: lexicon ), the precise structure (rhetorical: graphic, metaphor, expression) in Arabic discourse.

Covid-19 on Online News Media: A Discourse Analysis of Indonesian Government Crisis Management on Kompas.com

The COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia had attracted debate over how the Government dealt with this crisis. Since the beginning of the pandemic, the Government has denied the spread of Covid-19 in Indonesia, although several cases were found in neighbouring countries. This research aims to analyse how the Indonesian Government handles the pandemic, based on news published online. Further, the research looked at the levels of text, social cognition, and social context of the relevant news in Kompas.com. The research method used was Teun van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis. The research result shows that Kompas.com presented the issue succinctly and criticised how the Indonesian Government handled the pandemic. The discourse built was that the Jokowi government was not ready to deal with the pandemic. The Government tended to ignore inputs from academics, research results, and other parties. Kompas.com sought to uncover the Government's initial response to the pandemic and subsequent policies. Further, the Government issued policies that were unclear, not firm, and constantly changing. Kompas.com positioned itself as a media that always presented news objectively, intact, independent perspective, unbiased by various political, economic, and power interests. The substance of this study contributes in the form of new policy recommendations for the heads of online media news editors on how to deliver news to the public in an open, straightforward, and critical manner that prioritises social responsibility. Keywords: Covid-19, critical discourse analysis, online news media, Kompas.com, Jokowi administration.

Humour in The Midst of Pandemic: Critical Discourse Analysis on Covid-19 Related Memes

This study aims to reveal the implicit meaning contained in memes related to Covid-19 through Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis approach. This meme is taken from social media and several websites that contain a collection of memes that are focused on pictures and writing in Indonesian and English. The results showed that through the text dimension, the macrostructure of the Covid-19 meme has four sub-themes, namely the naming of the coronavirus, wearing masks, violations of guarding distance, and rules of doing activities at home. The Covid-19 meme superstructure has four schemes, namely 1) a scheme starting from the main idea pattern followed by supporting ideas, 2) a scheme with a supporting idea pattern first then the main idea, 3) a scheme with the main idea pattern without supporting ideas and titles and 4) a visual scheme. Next, the Covid-19 meme microstructure consists of syntactic, semantic, stylistic, and graphic elements, which all elements are needed to show the form of sentences of causality, implicit meanings, comparative and satirical language styles, and the use of visual and written graphics for meme readers. Furthermore, through the dimension of social cognition, Covid-19 memes contain cognition or knowledge related to the Covid-19 pandemic conditions that are owned by meme-makers and meme readers. Finally, through the dimensions of the social context, the Covid-19 meme has a moral background and an indiscipline attitude towards health protocols, as well as trade and business competition due to the impact and influence of the Covid-19 pandemic.

NEWS DISCOURSE ON THE 212 SOCIAL MOVEMENTS: CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS ON REPUBLIKA AND MEDIA INDONESIA

<span lang="IN">The 3rd Defend Islam Action incident on Friday, December 2, 2016, was the biggest rally after the 1998 protest rally. This action created two camps, i.e. supporters of DKI Jakarta Governor, Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, and the camp who demanded his detention. This condition could be seen in mass media news, including in the Media Indonesia newspaper owned by Surya Paloh, Chairman of the National Democratic Party, who supports Basuki Tjahaja Purnama and also in the Republika newspaper which promotes the interests of Muslims. The focus of this study is the existence of different discourses on the news of this 3rd Defend Islam Action. These differences are the result of the interests and ideology of the two media. Media Indonesia’s news discourse did not support the action. On the contrary, Republika pushed for it to be carried out. This study uses the public sphere and hegemony theory which is able to see that in the news text both media have their own interests and ideologies. This study used a critical paradigm with a qualitative descriptive method. Teun Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis model was used in this study. The results of this study indicate that the news coverages of the 3rd Defend Islam Action produced by Media Indonesia and Republika were produced by their editorial staff based on the ideology and hidden interests of the media.</span>