Children's Digital Research Articles

Interdisciplinary Children's Digital Health: Moving From Ideas to Population-Level Impact

We will develop a framework for shepherding an idea from an innovative, hypothetical concept to a tangible digital health tool that parents and children want to use. Innovation in measurement is necessary for transformative change. Our current tools and approaches to child mental health do not scale. To advance the population science and precision medicine of early childhood mental health, we need to create scalable, machine-driven, mobile tools for observational assessment and intervention to be used in children’s homes, schools, and communities, as well as clinical settings.

Digit ratio (2D:4D) and behavioral symptoms in primary-school aged boys

The second-to-forth digit length ratio (2D:4D) is considered to be a biomarker for intrauterine androgen levels. It is associated with adult and child mental health problems, primarily with behavioral symptoms and predominantly in males. Using a cross-sectional design, we examined whether 2D:4D was associated with conduct disorder (CD) symptoms in 138 primary-school aged children (54% boys, Mage = 7.70 years) and considered child sex as a moderating factor. Children's digit lengths were measured from hand scans and mothers rated the behavioral/emotional symptoms of their child. The regression analyses revealed that 2D:4D ratios were associated with behavioral symptoms in boys (β = −0.260, p = 0.026), but not in girls (β = −0.040, p = 0.762). Child emotional symptoms, analyzed as a control, were not significantly correlated with 2D:4D. In conclusion, prenatal brain hyperandrogenization - operationalized by the 2D:4D biomarker - could result in behavioral symptoms in boys at early school age, reflecting one predictor for early onset CD. Our data support the use of 2D:4D as a marker of prenatal androgen exposure.

A Study on the Characteristics of Children's Digital Experience Center using Interection

A Study on the Characteristics of Children's Digital Experience Center using Interection

“Say Instagram, Kids!”: Examining Sharenting and Children's Digital Representations on Instagram

ABSTRACTThe new phenomenon of sharenting, the overuse of social media by parents who share content of their children, has increased children's digital representations on social media, especially Instagram. In order to understand how they are digitally portrayed, a content analysis of 510 Instagram photos was conducted. Applying self-categorization theory, this exploratory study focused on how parents are gender stereotypically and racially categorizing their children into ingroups and outgroups. Results indicated that although the visibility of marginalized groups, such as females and ethnic minorities, has increased, they were also shown to sustain gender and racial stereotypes that can be in traditional media. This study discusses the importance of studying children on social media and how their representations can question digital ethics and importance of digital literacy skills.

Time spent outdoors during preschool: Links with children's cognitive and behavioral development

This study examined the concurrent and long-term relations between the amount of time children attending daycare spend outdoors and their cognitive and behavioral development during preschool and first grade. We applied a multi-informant design using cognitive testing and ratings from parents and teachers to follow 562 Norwegian preschoolers (298 girls; mean age at first assessment = 52.45 months, SD = 15.96) over a period of four years. Children's attention skills were tested with the digit span test while teachers rated their behavior. Growth curve analyses showed a positive relation between outdoor hours and children's digit span scores, and an inverse relation between outdoor hours and inattention-hyperactivity symptoms, controlling for a host of possible confounds. Results indicate that outdoor time in preschool may support children's development of attention skills and protect against inattention-hyperactivity symptoms.

Guidance for Counseling Families on Children's Digital Media Use

Children's frequent use of digital media, including phones, tablets, television, and computers, has raised concerns about possible negative health and

Experience Using Cock-up Splint for Children's Digital Skin Grafts : A Non-invasive Alternative Method to the K-wire Insertion Method

Experience Using Cock-up Splint for Children's Digital Skin Grafts : A Non-invasive Alternative Method to the K-wire Insertion Method

Private speech use in arithmetical calculation: relationship with phonological memory skills in children with and without mathematical difficulties.

The majority of recent studies conclude that children's private speech development (private speech internalisation) is important for mathematical development and subject to disabling. The main concern of the present study was whether or not the two phonological memory factors evaluated in the study (i.e. the results of children's digit span assessments, both forward and backward) relates to private speech internalisation and whether this relationship changes with children's age, or mathematical achievement levels, or both. We made comparisons between children with acknowledged mathematical difficulties (MD) and children without mathematical difficulties (MN), basing on private speech differences, phonological memory differences and differences in the relationship between private speech internalisation and phonological memory skills. The results not only confirm the impact of private speech internalisation but also emphasise a possible parallel role of phonological memory for subsequent mathematical achievement. In contrast to the MD children, children without MD showed an age-determined shift from a lesser to greater relationship between a high level of private speech internalisation and a high level phonological memory skills. As a whole, the results are consistent with a developmental difference and not with a developmental delay model and suggest that relationships between private speech internalisation and phonological memory may reflect individual differences in children's mathematical achievement. The results are discussed in terms of directions for future research.

The Influence of Gender Difference on the Information-seeking Behaviors for the Graphical Interface of Children's Digital Library

Children conducting searches using the interfaces of library websites often encounter obstacles due to typographical errors, digital divides, or a failure to grasp keywords. Satisfaction with a given interface may also vary according to the gender of the user, making it a variable in information seeking behavior. Children benefit more from graphical information than text-based information with regard to learning. This study analyzed existing websites of public libraries to identify the issues facing children while using the interfaces. Based on these findings, we developed a graphical interface that children would find friendlier. In an evaluation of the proposed interface, girls presented a significantly higher success rate, compared to that of boys. We can therefore conclude that gender differences exist in the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed interface. Qualitative observations also revealed gender differences in information seeking behavior, some principles of which are outlined in this study. Based on these findings, we present the following suggestions for libraries and future researchers: 1. Public libraries should establish websites with interfaces specifically designed for children; 2. Future researchers should take into account the gender differences associated with the operation of interfaces and information seeking behavior in the development of auxiliary information technologies; 3. Public libraries should consider creating interfaces specific for different age groups and genders.

Children's Digital Media Practices within the European Family Home: Does Perceived Discrimination Matter?

This article builds on unreported data from the EU KIDS ONLINE project (25,142 9–16 year-olds, fieldwork mid-2010), presenting findings about children viewed by their parents as being discriminated against (n = 774), compared to a group whose parents held no such opinion (n = 22,690). We look at majority youth, excluding ethnic minorities. Since reasons for discrimination were not asked for, we suspect they may be diverse. Our central question is whether the feeling of being discriminated against has a bearing on children's experiences with respect to online risks and on their parents’ response in the form of online mediation strategies. We hypothesize that perceived discrimination will lead to more exposure to online risks, but not necessarily to more harm. We expect that parents of children who are perceived as discriminated against will be more worried about their children and, will restrict their digital media use. Generally speaking, these hypotheses were confirmed.

How can i find a doggy book?: Children's cognitive processes of physical characteristics of books

How can i find a doggy book?: Children's cognitive processes of physical characteristics of books

The Design of Adaptive Hypermedia Interface for Children's Digital Library

Perpustakaan digital untuk kanak-kanak telah berkembang pesat di luar negara, contohnya International Children Digital Library (ICDL) yang telah diperkenal pada tahun 2002. Di Malaysia, perpustakaan digital untuk kanak-kanak masih belum dibangunkan secara khusus. Kajian ini membangunkan reka bentuk antara muka perpustakaan digital kanak-kanak dalam konteks pengguna di Malaysia menggunakan kaedah reka bentuk partisipatori. Reka bentuk antara muka yang dihasil adalah berdasar prinsip reka bentuk web untuk kanak-kanak dan kajian lepas terhadap elemen adaptif. Reka bentuk adaptif hipermedia diguna kerana berupaya menerangkan fungsi, corak penggunaan dan kebolehan yang bersesuaian dengan kemampuan pengguna secara individual dengan berkesan. Hasil reka bentuk antara muka telah diuji oleh 10 orang kanak-kanak untuk mendapat maklum balas. Setelah analisis pengujian dijalankan, kajian ini mendapati fitur fungsi dan reka letak yang adaptif perlu ditambah baik bagi menyesuaikan dengan reka bentuk antara muka perpustakaan digital yang diguna oleh kanak-kanak di Malaysia. Setelah pembangunan semula reka bentuk mengikut pandangan kanak-kanak, pengujian akhir reka bentuk dilakukan oleh 20 orang responden bagi mengesahkan elemen adaptif. Hasil analisis pengujian akhir dan kajian lepas mendapati reka bentuk antara muka adaptif adalah kecenderungan dan minat kanak-kanak terhadap perpustakaan digital yang dibangunkan. ABSTRACT Digital library for children has spread widely in other countries, for example International Children Digital Library (ICDL) that was introduced in the year 2002. In Malaysia, digital library for children has not yet been developed. This study develops interface design for children’s digital library application in the context of Malaysian usersby using participatory design methods. The interface designs produced is based on the principle of web design for children and previous studies on adaptive element. Adaptive hypermedia design used due to its capability to explain the function, usage patterns and suit consumer individual’s ability effectively. In priopy, the the initial developed interface design was tested to ten children. From their feedbacks, the adaptive feature function and placement designs are improved to suit the interface design in digital library used by children in Malaysia. After there-development on the design, a final test on the interface is done by twenty respondents to confirm the adaptive elements. The final outcome from the test and based on past researches, the adaptive interface design influence children to engage in digital library.

Considerations of how Children Think: Danish Responses to the International Children's Digital Library

The International Children's Digital Library (ICDL) is an online collection of children's books that can be read in their entirety anytime, from anywhere with an Internet connection. Across the literature, it is evident that in digital environments, children are confronted with obstacles not faced by adults, including a limited understanding of metaphors, insufficient reading skills, and child-sized motor skills. This case study of seven Danish children and their educator evaluates their use of the collection, especially the carefully designed search features, and how they translated to an environment in which children encountered a linguistic barrier of access.

Turning a page on access to international children's books

Purpose ‐ The purpose of this article is to help those new to the practice of finding international children's books online navigate this exciting if confusing area of reference sources.Design/methodology/approach ‐ This article reviews the International Children's Digital Library that has revolutionized connecting children and books worldwide since 2002. However, there have been organizations busy identifying, evaluating, recommending and keeping lists and annotations of excellent international books for children since the 1940s. This article also reviews resources created by organizations, including the International Youth Library, the International Board on Books for Young People, international book fairs, Banco del Libro and other entities.Findings ‐ The article finds that, there is benefit to be gained from the expansion of international children's book resources into the world of the internet and that those who compiled both types of resource want to connect the world's children with quality literature.Originality/value ‐ This article offers information about historical context, partnerships, and hosting sites that have led to online access to many of these once print only resources. This review of these resources is original as it covers those who originated sources with the shared goal. That goal is their dedication to bring children and books together around the world and to build understanding and solutions together as members of a global community.

The Human Element in Social Networking

IEEE Software Editor in Chief Forrest Shull discusses his interviews with Ben Schneiderman on the social networking site the Nation of Neighbors and with Anne Rose on the International Children's Digital Library and lessons learned from both websites on how developers can best design social networks to award volunteer appreciation, thus ensuring continued success. The first Web extra at http://youtu.be/yFG3lL6HJ38 is an audio interview of IEEE Software editor-in-chief Forrest Shull speaking with Ben Shneiderman about the Nation of Neighbors Project and lessons learned about software that supports effective social networks. The Nation of Neighbors is an ambitious program that facilitates real-time collaboration in more than 400 neighborhood communities across the United States. The second Web extra at http://youtu.be/M3R4-XLBRyE is an audio interview of IEEE Software editor-in-chief Forrest Shull speaking with Anne Rose about the International Childrens Digital Library and lessons learned about supporting effective social networks. The ICDL is visited by up to 130,000 unique users per month and relies on the efforts of an impassioned network of more than 4,000 volunteers worldwide.

Collaboration and crowdsourcing

PurposeThis study aims to understand key features of existing multilingual digital libraries and to suggest strategies for building and/or sustaining multilingual information access for digital libraries.Design/methodology/approachA case study approach was applied to examine four American multilingual digital libraries: Project Gutenberg, Meeting of Frontiers, The International Children's Digital Library, and the Latin American Open Archives Portal. This examination used a framework derived from digital library evaluation practice. The missions, goals, funding, partners, users, collections, services, and technologies of these digital libraries were analyzed to present their key multilingual features. The collaboration and crowdsourcing characteristics were highlighted and discussed.FindingsThese four multilingual libraries benefit substantially, both in the creation of the library and in its access, from the collaboration of groups domestic and international with different language expertise. For building the multilingual collection and services, some libraries involved both staff and users. For multilingual access to the collection, however, none of the libraries used machine translation or cross‐language information retrieval technologies.Research limitations/implicationsThe four cases are all publicly available digital libraries in the USA. Their features may not be applicable to digital libraries in other countries or to commercial digital information services.Practical implicationsWith the advancement of machine translation technologies and the wide application of social media, multilingual digital libraries may have even better opportunities to sustain their multilingual capabilities through crowdsourcing and the application of new technologies.Originality/valueThis study summarizes the key features of four existing multilingual digital libraries. It provides insights into important factors for building successful multilingual digital libraries. The suggested strategies may help digital library developers to design appropriate multilingual information access services.

Information Access Based on Color in Children's Digital Library

Information Access Based on Color in Children's Digital Library

International Children's Digital Library: A Library for the World's Children

International Children's Digital Library: A Library for the World's Children

Chronic Granulomatous Tenosynovitis Treated With Ulnar Superficialis Slip Resection

Ulnar superficialis slip resection is a procedure initially performed to treat flexor tenosynovitis in the rheumatoid finger. It was first described for treating trigger digits of children with mucopolysaccharide storage disorders and for more complex trigger digits in children. The procedure for adults with trigger finger was described for triggering with flexion contracture at the proximal interphalangeal joint level persisting after release of the A1 pulley and for trigger finger in diabetic patients.This article describes a case of chronic flexor tenosynovitis treated with ulnar superficialis slip resection. The patient was injured by the needle of a water pressure gauge. He developed chronic flexor tenosynovitis, and 1 year after the initial injury, surgery was performed due to a severe limitation of passive and active proximal interphalangeal joint flexion. Synovectomy was performed first, then the A1 pulley was divided. Passive finger flexion and extension was simulated and failed to reproduce full range of motion (ROM). The A3 pulley was then divided and still failed to reproduce full ROM. The ulnar slip of the flexor digitorum superficialis tendon was then resected from the distal margin of the carpal tunnel to the distal edge of the A3 pulley. The tendons could now move smoothly, and full passive ROM was achieved.Surgery consisting of synovectomy alone with or without resection of the A1 pulley without achieving full intraoperative ROM will likely lead to a poor result. We believe that cases like ours should be addressed with an "à la carte" procedure, starting with synovectomy and followed by A1 resection, A3 resection, and finally ulnar superficialis slip resection for achieving full intraoperative ROM.

International Children's Digital Library: A Library for the World's Children

International Children's Digital Library: A Library for the World's Children