Digital Receipts Research Articles

Development of a Cashier Business Transaction System using the Android Based Agile Method

The grocery retail sector in Indonesia plays an important role in meeting people's basic needs, with grocery merchants in urban and rural areas serving as the main middlemen in the distribution of staples to end consumers. Grocery merchants in Indonesia often face challenges in improving sales efficiency due to the use of conventional methods that are slow, unstructured, and prone to recording errors. These challenges can potentially lead to loss of customers, financial losses, and hinder business growth. This research aims to develop an Android-based cashier application specifically designed for grocery merchants to improve transaction efficiency and stock management. Using a qualitative approach, in-depth interviews were conducted to understand the needs and constraints faced by merchants in the transaction process. The findings were used to design the main features of the application, such as CRUD-based item management (Create, Read, Update, Delete), barcode scanning with a smartphone camera, digital receipt sending via WhatsApp, and payment support via QRIS E-wallet and cash transactions. This application is assumed to be used on Android devices with adequate internet access. The results show that this application is able to reduce recording errors, speed up transactions, and increase customer satisfaction compared to the manual method. The solution is expected to improve productivity, drive business growth, service quality and customer satisfaction as well as the competitiveness of grocers in the digital era. Future recommendations include the development of analytics features to monitor sales performance and support strategic decision-making.

Developing a Centralized Receipt Service to Streamline Restaurant Operations and Reduce Costs

The fast food industry, which the restaurant industry falls under, has several challenges, including receipt management. Conventional document management means are ineffective, expensive, and inconducive to the best performance of restaurants and the satisfaction of consumers. This article discusses the challenges arising from the decentralized receipt service and how they have developed and deployed the Centralised Receipt Service to solve these issues with modern technologies like Go Gin framework and AWS lambda. The service thus factors in cloud architecture to improve the receipt data storage, retrievals, management, and less paper use. It also improves customer satisfaction through digital receipts through Short Messaging Service and mobile responsive web front end. Receiving centralized services helps enhance performance by cutting operational costs, reducing paperwork, and increasing record-keeping. Besides, it helps the business reduce paper usage, positively contributing to environmental conservation. It provides a potential growing scale for all forms of businesses; restaurants can use it to address expanding customers’ demands for digital services. It also exposes future possibilities for using AI for predictive analysis and customized client communications. Therefore, by consolidating restaurant receipt management, they can enhance customer satisfaction with less spending and set the business up for success in the dynamic digital space. This study supports that this centralized method for receipt services is feasible and fundamental in today’s restaurant businesses since it comes with a package of effectiveness, sustainability, and customer appeal opportunities.

From Seller Screens to Buyer Screens: Toward a Smart Digital Receipt Solution for Sustainability and Greenhouse Gas Mitigation by Million Tons

From Seller Screens to Buyer Screens: Toward a Smart Digital Receipt Solution for Sustainability and Greenhouse Gas Mitigation by Million Tons

The Effect of a Future-Self Avatar Mobile Health Intervention (FutureMe) on Physical Activity and Food Purchases: Randomized Controlled Trial.

BackgroundInsufficient physical activity and unhealthy diets are contributing to the rise in noncommunicable diseases. Preventative mobile health (mHealth) interventions may help reverse this trend, but present bias might reduce their effectiveness. Future-self avatar interventions have resulted in behavior change in related fields, yet evidence of whether such interventions can change health behavior is lacking.ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the impact of a future-self avatar mHealth intervention on physical activity and food purchasing behavior and examine the feasibility of a novel automated nutrition tracking system. We also aimed to understand how this intervention impacts related attitudinal and motivational constructs.MethodsWe conducted a 12-week parallel randomized controlled trial (RCT), followed by semistructured interviews. German-speaking smartphone users aged ≥18 years living in Switzerland and using at least one of the two leading Swiss grocery loyalty cards, were recruited for the trial. Data were collected from November 2020 to April 2021. The intervention group received the FutureMe intervention, a physical activity and food purchase tracking mobile phone app that uses a future-self avatar as the primary interface and provides participants with personalized food basket analysis and shopping tips. The control group received a conventional text- and graphic-based primary interface intervention. We pioneered a novel system to track nutrition by leveraging digital receipts from loyalty card data and analyzing food purchases in a fully automated way. Data were consolidated in 4-week intervals, and nonparametric tests were conducted to test for within- and between-group differences.ResultsWe recruited 167 participants, and 95 eligible participants were randomized into either the intervention (n=42) or control group (n=53). The median age was 44 years (IQR 19), and the gender ratio was balanced (female 52/95, 55%). Attrition was unexpectedly high with only 30 participants completing the intervention, negatively impacting the statistical power. The FutureMe intervention led to small statistically insignificant increases in physical activity (median +242 steps/day) and small insignificant improvements in the nutritional quality of food purchases (median −1.28 British Food Standards Agency Nutrient Profiling System Dietary Index points) at the end of the intervention. Intrinsic motivation significantly increased (P=.03) in the FutureMe group, but decreased in the control group. Outcome expectancy directionally increased in the FutureMe group, but decreased in the control group. Leveraging loyalty card data to track the nutritional quality of food purchases was found to be a feasible and accepted fully automated nutrition tracking system.ConclusionsPreventative future-self avatar mHealth interventions promise to encourage improvements in physical activity and food purchasing behavior in healthy population groups. A full-powered RCT is needed to confirm this preliminary evidence and to investigate how future-self avatars might be modified to reduce attrition, overcome present bias, and promote sustainable behavior change.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT04505124; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04505124

Impact of Digital Payment on Business Performance: A Study of Street Vendors in Odisha

A paradigm shift in the Indian banking sector coping with the technological transformation has led to a sharp rise in digital payments and receipts. The nation is witnessing a significant growth rate of around 30% ( Kumari, 2020 ) in digital payment, and receipts helping the economy move towards a cashless era. In this study, street vendors are considered. This article aims to examine the level of digital payment awareness among street vendors and its impact on their business performance. To work on this purpose, data are collected from three tier 2 cities, that is, Cuttack, Khurda and Berhampur in Odisha using both structured questionnaires and the interview method. Furthermore, this empirical study incorporates both primary and secondary data in order to provide an appropriate response to the above-mentioned goal. Collected data are analysed using statistical measures, such as gap study, principal component analysis, ANOVA and regression method. Findings of the study reveal street vendors are a financially excluded segment of the economy. An in-depth analysis of the result shows there is a strong association between the identified aspects of digital payment awareness and business performance of street vendors. The paper concludes by citing the managerial implication of its findings.

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Digital Solutions to Diagnose and Manage Postbariatric Hypoglycemia.

Postbariatric hypoglycemia (PBH) is an increasingly recognized late metabolic complication of bariatric surgery, characterized by low blood glucose levels 1–3 h after a meal, particularly if the meal contains rapid-acting carbohydrates. PBH can often be effectively managed through appropriate nutritional measures, which remain the cornerstone treatment today. However, their implementation in daily life continues to challenge both patients and health care providers. Emerging digital technologies may allow for more informed and improved decision-making through better access to relevant data to manage glucose levels in PBH. Examples include applications for automated food analysis from meal images, digital receipts of purchased food items or integrated platforms allowing the connection of continuously measured glucose with food and other health-related data. The resulting multi-dimensional data can be processed with artificial intelligence systems to develop prediction algorithms and decision support systems with the aim of improving glucose control, safety, and quality of life of PBH patients. Digital innovations, however, face trade-offs between user burden vs. amount and quality of data. Further challenges to their development are regulatory non-compliance regarding data ownership of the platforms acquiring the required data, as well as user privacy concerns and compliance with regulatory requirements. Through navigating these trade-offs, digital solutions could significantly contribute to improving the management of PBH.

Estimating Dietary Intake from Grocery Shopping Data-A Comparative Validation of Relevant Indicators in Switzerland.

In light of the globally increasing prevalence of diet-related chronic diseases, new scalable and non-invasive dietary monitoring techniques are urgently needed. Automatically collected digital receipts from loyalty cards hereby promise to serve as an objective and automatically traceable digital marker for individual food choice behavior and do not require users to manually log individual meal items. With the introduction of the General Data Privacy Regulation in the European Union, millions of consumers gained the right to access their shopping data in a machine-readable form, representing a historic chance to leverage shopping data for scalable monitoring of food choices. Multiple quantitative indicators for evaluating the nutritional quality of food shopping have been suggested, but so far, no comparison has validated the potential of these alternative indicators within a comparative setting. This manuscript thus represents the first study to compare the calibration capacity and to validate the discrimination potential of previously suggested food shopping quality indicators for the nutritional quality of shopped groceries, including the Food Standards Agency Nutrient Profiling System Dietary Index (FSA-NPS DI), Grocery Purchase Quality Index-2016 (GPQI), Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015), Healthy Trolley Index (HETI) and Healthy Purchase Index (HPI), checking if any of them performs differently from the others. The hypothesis is that some food shopping quality indicators outperform the others in calibrating and discriminating individual actual dietary intake. To assess the indicators’ potentials, 89 eligible participants completed a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and donated their digital receipts from the loyalty card programs of the two leading Swiss grocery retailers, which represent 70% of the national grocery market. Compared to absolute food and nutrient intake, correlations between density-based relative food and nutrient intake and food shopping data are stronger. The FSA-NPS DI has the best calibration and discrimination performance in classifying participants’ consumption of nutrients and food groups, and seems to be a superior indicator to estimate nutritional quality of a user’s diet based on digital receipts from grocery shopping in Switzerland.

Digital Receipts of Online Transactions in the Reconciliation Process and the Preparation of Financial Reports

Introduction/Main Objectives: This research seeks to analyze the use of digital receipts and multi-platform e-commerces’ data integration and the influence they have on the process of reconciliation and the preparation of financial reports by micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs). Background Problems: The use of multi-platform online transactions requires the validation and conversion of the data, which can be an issue during the reconciliation process and the preparation of financial reports. The issue of the data’s integration is due to differences in the interfaces used for the multi-platform transactions and the MSMEs internal abilities. Novelty: The integration and treatment of online transactions via multi-platforms should an internal records or database for the MSMEs, the reconciliation process and preparing financial reports. Research Methods: This research uses a quantitative method with partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis and descriptive analysis to reveal the reconciliation process and the conditions under which financial reports are prepared. Finding/Results: The problems of integrating data from various platforms into internal reports causes duplication of the internal reporting and a long reporting process and the chance of errors. The digital receipt is treated as proof of a manual transaction. Records’ duplication is a technical issue that causes delays in the processing time and reconciliation. None of the MSMEs have a machine-to-machine based (automized) reconciliation process. Conclusion: Transaction receipts from all the platforms affect the transactions’ recording, the reconciliation process, and the preparation of financial reports. Digital receipts provide high levels of confidence because of their completeness, accuracy, easiness, efficiency, simplicity, and suitability for use by MSMEs. The adoption of online sales and payments by MSMEs is highly effective, yet this has not been followed-up with the data’s integration into the reconciliation and accounting process for preparing financial reports.

“I address race because race addresses me”: women of color show receipts through digital storytelling

ABSTRACT In Black colloquial culture, the practice of documenting and calling out injustices is known as “showing receipts.” The ongoing labor of collecting, communicating, and showing receipts is one way to highlight the hypocrisies embedded in racist structures and hold those in power accountable. As the receipts pile up in the form of viral videos of sexism, racism, and violence against Black bodies, accountability cannot be easily ignored. Showing receipts as a form of resistance, however, is both exhausting and never-ending. Thus, women of color need spaces of respite and community care where we can speak our stories and be heard. In this essay, we demonstrate one such space: digital storytelling shared between women of color. While reciprocal sharing provides women of color storytellers a respite from the labor of proving our worth and producing receipts, in recording our truths and sharing them online, we also create digital receipts as testimony to our experiences. Although there is no guarantee that those in power will listen, by producing, archiving, and disseminating these receipts, storytellers maintain hope that our words will make an impact.

International Taxation in an Era of Digital Disruption: Analyzing the Current Debate

The “taxation of the digital economy” is currently at the top of the global international tax policymaking agenda. A core claim some European governments are advancing is that user data or user participation in the digital economy justifies a gross tax on digital receipts, new profit attribution criteria, or a special formulary apportionment factor in a future formulary regime targeted specifically at the “digital economy.” Just a couple years ago the OECD undertook an evaluation of whether the digital economy can (or should) be “ring-fenced” as part of the BEPS project, and concluded that it neither can be nor should be. Importantly, concluding that there should be no special rules for the digital economy does not resolve the broader question of whether the international tax system requires reform. The practical reality appears to be that all the largest economies have come to agree either that a) there is something wrong with the taxation of the “digital economy,” or b) there is something more fundamentally wrong with the structure of the current international tax system given globalization and technological trends. This paper is intended as a limited exploration of the second (or third, or fourth) best. It analyzes three policy options that have been discussed in general terms in the current global debate. First, I consider whether “user participation” justifies changing profit allocation results in the digital economy alone. I conclude that applying the user participation concept in a manner that is limited to the digital economy is intellectually indefensible; at most it amounts to mercantilist ring-fencing. Moreover, at the technical level user participation faces all the same challenges as more comprehensive and principled proposals for reallocating excess returns among jurisdictions. Second, I consider one such comprehensive international tax reform idea, loosely referred to by the moniker “marketing intangibles.” This idea represents a compromise between the present transfer pricing system and sales or destination-based reforms to the transfer pricing regime. I conclude that splitting taxing rights over “excess” returns between the present transfer pricing system and a destination-based approach is complex, creates new sources of potential conflict, and requires relatively extensive tax harmonization. This conclusion applies equally to user participation and marketing intangibles. If such a mechanism were nevertheless pursued, I suggest that a formulary system for splitting the excess return is the most manageable approach. Third, I consider “minimum effective taxation” ideas. I conclude that, as compared to the other two policy options discussed herein, minimum effective taxation provides a preferable path for multilateral cooperation.

A peer-to-peer transaction authentication platform for mobile commerce with semi-offline architecture

Trusted third-party (TTP) based transaction authentication is traditionally applied to authenticate mobile commerce transactions. However, several issues can arise with this, including seller fraud, TTP performance bottlenecks, and the risk of operations being interrupted. A peer-to-peer mobile commerce transaction authentication platform (MCTAP) with a semi-offline transaction authentication mechanism is proposed in this work. In this, both buyer and seller mutually authenticate and sign the digital receipt for each other. The trusted transaction authentication center thus no longer needs to operate online transaction verification processes, and only has to deal with consumer disputes. MCTAP can raise the efficiency of transaction authentication and provide solutions for the one-way transaction notification systems adopted by most online shopping sites that may encounter seller fraud. The proposed solution is compared to other TTP-based and secure electronic transaction based transaction authentication mechanisms, and the results indicate that the MCTAP has the advantages of efficiency and a higher security level.

Health Services and Well-Being of Children in Estonia

Estonia has a population of 1.3 million, which makes it one of the least populous member states of the European Union. The fertility rate was 1.65 in 2011, and the average age of women at first child birth was 4years higher than in the early 1990s. Medical care is free for all children in Estonia. For the last 20years, family doctors have been responsible for the primary care of children. Pediatric subspecialists work mainly in 2 children's hospitals: the Children's Clinic of Tartu University Hospital and Tallinn Children's Hospital. The average duration of hospital stay has decreased year by year. Pediatric subspecialists take care of children with long-term conditions and chronic diseases. In recent years, electronic case reports and digital receipts have been in use in Estonia. New diagnostic tests and expensive medications, which are available, make the cost of medical care very high.

Controlled Wi-Fi Sharing in Cities: A Decentralized Approach Relying on Indirect Reciprocity

In densely populated cities, Wi-Fi networks-private or otherwise-are ubiquitous. We focus on the provision of citywide broadband communication capability to mobile users through private Wi-Fi networks that are in range but belong to others. We form a club that relies on indirect reciprocity: Members participate in the club and provide free Wi-Fi access to other members in order to enjoy the same benefit when they are away from their own Wi-Fi network. Our club scheme does not require registration with an authority and does not rely on centrally issued club identities: Members create their own identities (public-private key pairs) and receive signed digital receipts when they provide Wi-Fi service to other members. These receipts form a distributed receipt graph, parts of which are used as input to an indirect reciprocity algorithm that classifies club members according to their contribution. We show that our algorithm can sustain cooperation within the club and is robust to attacks by free-riders. We implement and evaluate our proposed club algorithms on commodity Wi-Fi routers and dual-mode cellular/Wi-Fi phones. Because we anticipate that Wi-Fi telephony will be a popular club application, we present and evaluate a secure and decentralized architecture for citywide voice (and multimedia) communications that is compatible with our club both from an architectural as well as an incentives perspective.

Generic non-repudiation protocols supporting transparent off-line TTP

A non-repudiation protocol enables the fair exchange of an electronic message and an irrefutable digital receipt between two mistrusting parties over the Internet. That is, at the end of any execution instance of such a protocol, either both parties

XFDL: creating electronic commerce transaction records using XML

In the race to transform the World Wide Web from a medium for information presentation to a medium for information exchange, the development of practices for ensuring the security, auditability, and non-repudiation of transactions that are well established in the paper-based world has not kept pace in the digital world. Existing Internet technology provides no easy way to create a valid `digital receipt' that meets the requirements of both complex distributed networks and the business community. In addition, an improved articulation of digital signatures is needed. Extensible Forms Description Language (XFDL), developed by UWI.Com® and Tim Bray, is an application of XML that allows organizations to move their paper-based forms systems to the Internet while maintaining the necessary attributes of paper-based transaction records. XFDL was designed for implementation in business-to-business electronic commerce and intra-organizational information transactions.