Digital Public Administration Research Articles

Digital human rights: doctrinal principles

The authors note that the digitization of public services has taken place, which has led to the transition of most or at least a significant number of public services to an electronic format and allowed us to talk about the emergence of concepts of electronic state (government) (e-government). The step-by-step transformation of state data management based on digital technologies, the development of complex super-services for citizens and businesses to receive public services in one click (DIY) was called «digital public administration». However, a clear definition and framework of the concept of «digital human rights» has yet to be developed. They seem to cover all human rights in the context of digitization and the development of modern information and communication technologies. It can be considered that this is the field of information law, which regulates human rights related to the use of information technologies. This includes the regulation of relations in the field of personal data processing, publication of information on the network, processing of big data, application of artificial intelligence, etc. The purpose of the scientific article is to consider the concept of digital rights and their implementation in the Ukrainian and European legal space, taking into account the contribution of Ukrainian scientists. The digital revolution that has swept the world has significantly changed the way people communicate, work and live. However, this rapid technological development brings with it new challenges for the protection of human rights. This article examines the concept of digital human rights and their dimensions in the Ukrainian and European context. It is indicated that the study and protection of digital human rights in the modern world requires a comprehensive approach, taking into account both Ukrainian and European experience. The works of domestic scientists testify to the urgency of the problem and indicate the need for further research in this area. Digital human rights are becoming an integral part of modern society, where technology is rapidly changing the way we live and interact. Ukraine, like other countries, faces many challenges in the field of digital rights, which are caused by the rapid development of information and communication technologies. From this context: first, understanding digital rights and their importance becomes a necessity for every member of society. People should be aware of their rights and responsibilities in the digital space, especially regarding the protection of privacy and personal data; secondly, the development of digital rights in Ukraine should take into account the best practices of European countries and global standards. Improving legislation, increasing public awareness and developing cyber defense are aspects that require immediate attention; thirdly, the importance of cooperation between the state, citizens, business and the scientific community. Effective and sustainable solutions to ensure the digital rights of Ukrainians can only be created through joint efforts.

Digital human rights: separate doctrinal basis

The authors note that the digitization of public services has taken place, which has led to the transition of most or at least a significant number of public services to an electronic format and allowed us to talk about the emergence of concepts of electronic state (government) (e-government). The step-by-step transformation of state data management based on digital technologies, the development of complex super-services for citizens and businesses to receive public services in one click (DIY) was called “digital public administration”. However, a clear definition and framework of the concept of “digital human rights” has yet to be developed. They seem to cover all human rights in the context of digitization and the development of modern information and communication technologies. It can be considered that this is the field of information law, which regulates human rights related to the use of information technologies. This includes the regulation of relations in the field of personal data processing, publication of information on the network, processing of big data, application of artificial intelligence, etc. The purpose of the scientific article is to consider the concept of digital rights and their implementation in the Ukrainian and European legal space, taking into account the contribution of Ukrainian scientists. The digital revolution that has swept the world has significantly changed the way people communicate, work and live. However, this rapid technological development brings with it new challenges for the protection of human rights. This article examines the concept of digital human rights and their dimensions in the Ukrainian and European context. It is indicated that the study and protection of digital human rights in the modern world requires a comprehensive approach, taking into account both Ukrainian and European experience. The works of domestic scientists testify to the urgency of the problem and indicate the need for further research in this area. Digital human rights are becoming an integral part of modern society, where technology is rapidly changing the way we live and interact. Ukraine, like other countries, faces many challenges in the field of digital rights, which are caused by the rapid development of information and communication technologies. From this context: first, understanding digital rights and their importance becomes a necessity for every member of society. People should be aware of their rights and responsibilities in the digital space, especially regarding the protection of privacy and personal data; secondly, the development of digital rights in Ukraine should take into account the best practices of European countries and global standards. Improving legislation, increasing public awareness and developing cyber defense are aspects that require immediate attention; thirdly, the importance of cooperation between the state, citizens, business and the scientific community. Effective and sustainable solutions to ensure the digital rights of Ukrainians can only be created through joint efforts.

The Role of E-Government in the Promotion of Municipal Service Delivery in South Africa

The advent of the fourth industrial revolution necessitates that government institutions move away from the traditional paper-based system to an electronic system. Many countries in Africa, including South Africa, have adopted the e-government system as one of the main delivery channels for municipal services and information to society (Mafunisa Consulting, 2021). However, despite the government's ability to establish a new public service model where all government agencies provide their constituents with modern, streamlined, and seamless services (Norris and Moon, 2005). Municipalities in South Africa are regarded as entities that provide direct services to the citizens, however are not financially self-sufficient and often lack the necessary infrastructure such as ICT infrastructure to carry out their duties to deliver e-services to the society at large (Development Bank of South Africa, 2023). Many people in rural areas are affected by the lack of ICT infrastructures and basic digital literacy to enable the participation and accessibility of digital services. Therefore, for the society to participate in e-government, it should be proficient with ICT skills, assisted by the availability of ICT infrastructure within their area. As a result, these people are left out of the participation of e-government services due to the complexities associated with the lack of ICT infrastructure. Because the ICT infrastructure is the backbone and a critical component for implementing the e-government system to ensure digital public administration. Therefore, the study examines the role of e-government in the promotion of municipal service delivery within the South African public sector environment. The main objective of the study is to establish the best electronic government mechanisms that will help the South African government in delivering sustainable services. The study adopted a qualitative research methodology with specific reference to a conceptual approach based extensively on secondary data.

The Impact of Electronic Governance on the Quality of Public Services and Municipal Property Management

The quality of digitalisation of most state processes and the possibility of their further development in the context of optimisation of the state mechanism is one of the issues of electronic governance (e-governance). The aim of the article is to determine the effectiveness of e-governance and its impact on the quality of public services, in particular, municipal property. An important area of research is outlining modern trends and prospects of public administration in implementing e-governance. The main theoretical concepts of e-governance, prerequisites, and principles of its implementation are described. The main means of implementing e-governance, public services, and municipal property management as one of the most debatable issues in public administration were studied. The basic aspects regarding the development of egovernance and the possibility of integration with other state services are characterised. The most effective digital technologies that can be used in building a system of e-government and digital public administration are identified to ensure the high quality of public services.

Digital competence of society as a component of modern public administration

Today, digital transformation covers all areas of human activity, including the public administration sector. At the same time, the effectiveness of reforms in this area largely depends on society’s digital competence, which determines people’s ability to use innovative products and services. The study aims to analyse the impact of society’s digital competence on developing e-government as a component of digital public administration. The study used statistical analysis, correlation analysis, and multivariate regression analysis. It was found that there is a significant or high correlation between the level of the population’s digital competence and the development of e-government. Assessment of the impact of separate indicators characterising the citizens’ digital competence on the E-Government Development Index (EGDI) revealed that approximately 74.54% of the variation in this indicator can be explained through the used independent variables, namely, “Digital Skills among Population”, “Global Science and Technology Skills” and “E-Participation Index”. The novelty of the research is to quantify the impact of citizens’ digital competence on the level of e-government development in European countries. Government officials can use the results to further develop strategies and measures to improve digital public administration.

Development of Theoretical and Methodological Approaches to Public Administration: From The “Iron Cage” Bureaucracy to Digital Governance and Client-Centeredness

This article presents an analysis of classical (“Old Public Administration”, “New Public Management”, “Good Governance”) and relatively new approaches in public administration (E-government, Digital Public Administration, client-centered, process and project approaches). The purpose of the study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of each approach and explore how their combined use can lead to more effective delivery of public services. The study used the method of a systematic literature review of relevant scientific sources, followed by a comparative analysis of the key features and characteristics of each approach. The results of the analysis show that each approach has unique contributions and limitations, and their effectiveness depends on a number of contextual factors. Old Public Administration focuses on hierarchy, rules and procedures and is effective in ensuring administrative efficiency and accountability. New Public Management emphasizes market principles, such as results-based budgeting, decentralization and competition, and aims to improve efficiency, effectiveness. Good Governance emphasizes democratic values, transparency, accountability and citizen participation in decision-making processes. E-government and digital government approaches aim to use technology to improve the efficiency of government, accessibility and quality of public services. The customer-centered approach focuses on understanding the needs and preferences of citizens and providing customized services that meet their expectations. The process approach emphasizes the importance of systematic planning, implementation and evaluation of public policies and services to achieve the desired results. The project-based approach focuses on the use of project management principles, such as stakeholder engagement, risk management and performance monitoring, to implement complex public projects. The design and implementation of public policies and services must take into account the context, citizen needs and preferences, and broader societal interests. The study emphasizes the importance of continuous learning and adaptation in public administration to meet the changing challenges and needs of society. The study concludes that there is no one-size-fits-all approach to public administration, and a multifaceted approach is necessary for the effective and efficient functioning of the state apparatus.

New technologies in law as a highly effective means of implementing the constitutional principle of equality in conditions of multi-level legal regulation

The relevance of the research is due to the significant complication of public relations, their high dynamism, rapid growth of new technologies in the development of modern law and its focus on the implementation of the constitutional principle of equality. An attempt is made to substantiate that the social orientation of the Russian Federation and the use of high technologies in law allows to expand the range of subjects entitled to adopt the norms of primary regulation; as a result, legal regulation necessarily acquires a multi-level character, and high-tech law, due to new properties (feasibility, logistics, research intensity) acts as an effective means of implementing the principle of equality in specific legal relations. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the role of high technologies as an effective means of implementing the constitutional principle of equality in conditions of multi-level legal regulation. The materials for the research are the works of legal scholars, as well as specialists in the field of philosophy, theory of law, sociology, technology, legal practice, regulatory legal framework of the federal, regional, municipal and local levels, and the author’s practical experience in law enforcement and teaching. The research employs the following methodology. The findings are based on general scientific research methods: dialectical, systematic, logical, sociological, as well as private scientific and special. The Results may be formulated as follows: it is proved that new technologies in law significantly correct the basic theoretical principles of primary legal regulation, its paradigms and practical orientation, develop the idea of a multi-level and integrative nature of legal regulation. The author’s interpretation of the concepts of “equality”, “multilevel legal regulation” is suggested. The mechanisms of high technologies in the realization of legal equality are revealed. The positive results of the application of digital public administration, artificial intelligence, e-government, etc. in multi-level legal regulation are demonstrated.

Training of control and audit Specialists in the field of digital Public administration

The article deals with the problems of a multilevel system of training and education in universities and training centers. The purpose of the study is to identify the key skills and competencies necessary for representatives of control and accounting bodies — auditors and audit supervisors to improve the efficiency of their activities in the context of digital transformation. In the course of the work, the following tasks were solved: the need to build a system of training and education of these specialists in the formation of individual trajectories of mastering fundamental digital skills and competencies was identified; the expediency of using modern digital methods to perform an audit is reasoned; the features of the implementation of the control policy are considered on the example of Ogarev Mordovia State University; the importance of professional development programs for supervisors and auditors is assessed. The authors of the work outlined the priorities of the university’s personnel policy in the field of management for the period up to 2030, which determine the key performance indicators of employees of the financial control department; identified the importance of organizing professional development programs for auditors in order to master both digital and skills related to creative, flexible and unbiased thinking. In the course of the research, methods of synthesis, analysis, classification, detailing and comparison were used. The practical experience can be useful for the formation of competent specialists and managers.

Az ügyfél és a hatósági döntéshozatal a digitalizáció korában

The study examines the digital transformation of Hungarian administrative procedure and the advance of automation. Based on statistical data, the study highlights that in connection with digital public administration procedures, the importance of customer-focused services appears as the standard of digital public administration. Digitalization is dominated by electronic contact options, online information and submission of electronic requests, rather than complete automation of administrative procedures. The study focuses on digital authority procedures from the point of view of how this manifests itself primarily for the client: how to satisfy the need for information, how to contact the authorities and how to initiate the procedure. In addition to the legal bases, this part primarily focuses on the possibilities. After that, the consequences of digital solutions (automation) for making substantive decisions from the customer's point of view are discussed; this part of the study therefore concentrates more on the normative side of the processes and finally analyzes this. As a result, it states that automatic decision-making is mainly used in case of registrative acts based on official records and decisions embodied in decision-type documents, but there are already examples of the automation of the decision-making mechanism in connection with the production of facts. Although more complex automation is just spreading its wings, in connection with the rapid technical development and innovations of recent years, the legal system must keep up with digitalization and not give in to it.

МАМЛЕКЕТТИК БАШКАРУУ ЧӨЙРӨСҮНДӨ САНАРИПТИК ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯЛООНУ ӨНҮКТҮРҮҮ ЖАНА МААЛЫМАТ КООПСУЗДУГУН КАМСЫЗДОО

This article discusses the process of digital transformation of public administration in the Kyrgyz Republic and the issue of ensuring information security in it, and also publishes the results of the monitoring. The object of the study was the dynamics of the development of digital management in the country. The subject of the study was the process of digital transformation in the public administration system of Kyrgyzstan, digitalization and public services. As a research methodology, comparative statistical methods were used based on the UN statistical report for 2022 of the National Statistical Committee of the Kyrgyz Republic. As a result, the author noted that the dynamics of the development of digital public administration in Kyrgyzstan has risen by several levels, but at the same time, it is necessary to resolve the issue of ensuring information security and cybersecurity. It has been studied that the digital transformation of public administration in Kyrgyzstan is aimed at improving the efficiency of public services, ensuring the availability of information, transparency and participation of citizens.

Development of Electronic Governance to a Digital Ecosystem

Problem setting. The scientific work is devoted to the study of the economic and legal aspects of the modernization of e-government in Ukraine into a digital ecosystem to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. Analysis of recent researches and publications. Aspects of the functioning and development of e-government and the problems of transforming governance into digital attract the attention of researchers from Ukraine. However, the topic of e-government as an ecosystem is not analyzed at all in the publications of domestic scientists. Theoretical and practical aspects of the ecosystem approach as a direction of digitalization of public administration are revealed in the works of foreign authors and public documents of international organizations. Purpose of the research is to analyze the state of e-governance in Ukraine and develop recommendations for improving the regulatory framework for the digital transformation of national governance to an ecosystem model. Article’s main body. The expediency of the ecosystem approach in digital governance is due to the need for state regulation of digital ecosystems. The ecosystem model of governance is based on digital technologies, and the electronic model is based on information and communication technologies. An e-government ecosystem is a complex sociotechnical system that unites citizens, businesses, organizations and authorities and uses electronic platforms to create value and distribute it among its participants. Electronic governance in Ukraine is gradually moving towards its organization as an ecosystem. Today, several dozen digital transformation projects are being developed in Ukraine to automate relations in the government system. However, cyber security experts identified significant problems in the Diya digital project, in particular problems with personal data protection, openness and transparency of digital transformations. Сitizens play a key role in digital public administration, so the goal of human development and protection of their rights should be enshrined in legislation as a priority during digital transformations. Innovative management technologies provide significant opportunities in management, but are risky. The need for thorough research and legal regulation of innovative solutions before their introduction into government processes is emphasized. It is proposed to establish responsibility for the security of data and processes in the digital ecosystem of governance. Conclusions and prospects for development. Legislation and legal acts related to the informatization and digitization of government, economy and society in Ukraine need to be updated taking into account the priority goals of human development and the protection of their rights, the need to increase the level of cyber security and data protection, the development of competitive programs for the automation of the will of citizens, the implementation of the principles of openness and transparency state bodies, monitoring the effectiveness of governance digitization. The prospect of further research is the legal provision of data protection in digital ecosystems.

Public administration in a digital society: Features and trends

Subject. This article discusses the introduction of digital technologies in various activity areas of society. Objectives. The article aims to analyze the impact of digitalization on the quality of the management system. Methods. For the study, I used a correlation analysis. Results. The article finds that the development of corporate management and the networking of management decision-making models are characteristic features of public administration present-day models. Conclusions. The development of digital public administration tools improves the efficiency and transparency of the decision-making system.

Digital Competitiveness and Poverty Index Quadrant: Mapping the Digital Public Administration Challenge (Evidence from Indonesia)

Digital Competitiveness and Poverty Index Quadrant: Mapping the Digital Public Administration Challenge (Evidence from Indonesia)

Current trends in organising the digital public administration architecture as a new development paradigm

Current global trends of digitalization form a new development paradigm, which entails fundamental changes in the processes of strategic modernization of public administration. The study aims to identify trends in the digital transformation of public administration as a condition for increasing social value through the formation of a platform paradigm. The authors have developed a model of digital technological architectural environment of public administration, which allows to significantly improve the process of digital interaction with society, with business, but most importantly, to improve the process of efficiency of the state system in the quality of public service delivery. The authors have structured the definition of the digital transformation of public administration, which represents a transition from the traditional to a holistic transformative approach of digital government. This article describes the key processes that will define the strategic contours of the digital transformation of public administration, associated with the launch of the next innovation and technology cycle. The authors have shaped the prospects of using the possibilities of digitalization of public administration, including its digital restructuring, to further its assimilation of the principle of management by results, to improve its efficiency. To solve the research problems, the authors used a set of scientific methods: system analysis, abstraction, analysis and synthesis. The main method of research was content analysis. The result of the study is a comprehensive forecast of possible stages of modernization of public administration in conditions of deep penetration of digital technologies, which improve the provision of public services. The development of architectural technological environment will ensure the standardization of digital systems aimed at efficient digital public administration, combining ease of use with high functionality. The conclusions formed on the implementation of the results of the study will contribute to scientific research aimed at implementing structural change programmes in public administration.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AS A TOOL OF PUBLIC MANAGEMENT OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: ECONOMIC SYSTEMS, SMART INFRASTRUCTURE, DIGITAL SYSTEMS OF BUSINESS ANALYTICS AND TRANSFERS

The article considers the modern development of public administration in its connection with the use of digital technologies in order to increase the effectiveness of the activities of government bodies, their focus on the needs of the population, expand the possibility of implementing the social functions of the state, openness of decision-making processes and civil control of management activities. It is shown that on the basis of digitalization and, in particular, application of artificial intelligence solutions, the content of public administration, individual procedures and stages of the management cycle, as well as state functions are changing. The best practices of using artificial intelligence in digital public administration systems of various countries are considered, the possibilities of using smart solutions in systems of sustainable development of territories, in analytics and intergovernmental transfers within the framework of regional development are described.

Digital public services for sustainable development: how accessible are they to people?

The article presents the results of a survey on the use of digital services by the population: how acceptable they are for the population of different age groups. The article is based on information about the implementation of the national development goal of the Russian Federation, and the Federal project "Digital Public Administration". The author ties the field of research to the ideas of sustainable development. To find out what digital services exactly citizens of different ages use, as well as how independently it proceeds, an express survey of adults of different ages and both sexes was conducted. The author presents the results of respondents of three age groups: youth, middle-aged and elderly. The results of the study show which digital services are the most popular among these groups. Also, there are results of which group needs help in mastering these services. The results of the study can be used to organize further research to study the impact of digital services for sustainable development. Further research is needed to find out how to increase the number of users of digital services, as well as how to make these services more accessible to older people in order to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals.

The Place of E-Government in the Public Administration System

This article examines the place of e-government in the system of public administration. The topic's relevance is due to the universal digitalization of public relations, including the sphere of public administration. E-government is a new format of interaction between the state and society based on the use of modern information and communication technologies, which needs theoretical justification. The methods of scientific analysis and synthesis, deduction, and induction, as well as methods of description, comparison, and analysis of secondary data, are used in the work. The article reflects on the issue of the development of e-government in Russia. The object of this study is the social relations that arise during the creation and functioning of the e-government system. The author formulates the conclusion that e-government in the Russian Federation is in continuous development and is also an important tool for the development of the digital economy, which requires a revision of the digital skills of civil servants. At the moment, there is already a trend toward training personnel for digital public administration. It is revealed that in the Russian Federation, e-government, which is an important tool for the development of the digital economy, is in continuous development. There is already a tendency to transition to electronic records. To get the maximum benefit from digital transformations in public administration, a new approach to the formation of the competencies of a modern civil servant is required because the lack of the necessary level of training can serve as a serious barrier to improving the efficiency of public administration. Information technologies are dynamic and rapidly undergoing changes. As a result, the existing requirements for civil servants cease to be relevant in the period of digital transformation. The legislation of the Russian Federation defines that the requirements for the knowledge, skills, and skills of civil servants are established by official regulations. Therefore, the competence model should be adapted for each specific position, taking into account the specifics of the activities of the authority.

Imaginaries of better administration: Renegotiating the relationship between citizens and digital public power

This article investigates future visions of digital public administration as they appear within a particular regulatory process that aims to enable automated decision-making (ADM) in public administration in Finland. By drawing on science and technology studies, public administration studies, and socio-legal studies we analyze law in the making and identify four imaginaries of public digital administration: understandable administration, self-monitoring administration, adaptive administration, and responsible administration. We argue that digital administration is seen from the perspective of public authorities serving their current needs of legitimizing existing automation practices. While technology is pictured as unproblematic, the citizen perspective is missing. We conclude that the absence of an in-depth understanding of the diverse needs of citizens raises the question whether the relationship between public power and citizens is becoming a one-way street despite of the public administration ideals that express values of citizen engagement.

ЦИФРОВАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА И РЫНОК ТРУДА, ЦИФРОВЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ И ТРУДОВЫЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ: ВЗАИМОВЛИЯНИЕ, ОСОБЕННОСТИ И ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ

The subject of the research is digital technologies that are increasingly being used in the main processes of the organization of the labor market and in the implementation and registration of labor relations. The purpose of the study is to analyze the expansion of the use of information technologies in the field of labor and the promotion of employment. The relevance of the research is due to the need for a legal and regulatory framework of new forms of consolidation of labor relations arising in connection with the use of digital and information technologies, the transfer of the main processes that determine labor market relations into an electronic format and the accelerated development of new forms of employment, including self-employed, remote work, freelance. The scientific novelty consists in the systematization of the main trends of changes in the nature of the interaction between employees and employers under the influence of key information technologies in the current labor market. The research methods include analysis, systematization, synthesis, induction, and deduction. The study concludes that as the processes aimed at building a digital economy grow and expand, the format of relations between employees and employers changes significantly, which requires the consolidation of efforts of all participants in social and labor relations and the timely development of the necessary tools of digital public administration provided with new forms of legal regulation of changing and emerging legal relations.

THE DIGITALIZATION PROCESS OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN EUROPEAN UNION: ADVANCES AND PERSPECTIVES

On the background of the fast development of the information and communication technology and of the significant impact of this process on the entire society, but also as result of the issues raised especially recently by the effects of the COVID 19 pandemic governments from all over the world have acknowledged the necessity of developing a new kind of public administration able to offer digital public services. Therefore, also European Commission has set as a primary objective for this decade the digitalization of the public administration in all EU countries, encouraging and financially sustaining accelerating the digitalization process in this area. In this regard, the present paper aims to identify the most representative advances obtained in EU countries till now regarding digitalization process of public administration in EU and to comment on the perspectives of this process for the upcoming years, by analysing specific indicators that measure the needed elements for ensuring a performant digital public administration.