Digital Textile Printing Research Articles

Ink‐jet printing of cotton with natural dyes

Four natural dyes, annatto, cutch, pomegranate fruit rind, and golden dock, were used as colorants for the preparation of water‐based ink‐jet inks for digital textile printing. The physical and rheological properties (pH, conductivity, surface tension, and viscosity) of the inks were measured over a period of 90 days for the evaluation of ink stability and suitability for ink‐jet printing. The inks were found to be suitable and were used for the digital printing of cotton fabrics. The prints were subjected to wash, light, and rub fastness tests and colour measurements. Colour consistency and fastness results, especially after fixation, are comparable with those of synthetic dyes, which paves the way for the production of environmentally friendly ink‐jet inks using natural dyes for the digital printing of cotton through the formulation of suitable printing techniques.

State of the Art of Digital Textile Printing Status 2014

Digital textile printing technology has become one of the production textile printing processes since introductions of production digital printing systems in early 2000's. However, over a decade since the introductions of the technologies, current utilization of digital printing technologies in the industrial textile printing sector is still small in contrast with the popularity of conventional textile printing systems. This paper focus on the current state of digital textile printing in terms of engineering, business and design based on empirical research, including international case studies and field trips over the past 10 years. The supply chains from engineering to user standpoints (mills, printing service operations) will be investigated. At the same time, the emerging new field of Surface Imaging, will be ascertained.

The study of Nano-DTP(Digital Textile Printing) for development of environmentally friendly materials - Focused on the durability and evil in the test of Nano-DTP -

The study of Nano-DTP(Digital Textile Printing) for development of environmentally friendly materials - Focused on the durability and evil in the test of Nano-DTP -

디지털 프린팅 견직물의 색상 변화 및 견뢰도 - 혼합 전처리제의 영향

In this study, The mixture of three kinds of pre-treatment agents, Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt(CMC), Sodium alginate and Dextrin, have been prepared for the better coloration of digital textile printing. To get sharpness of outline during digital printing process, the optimal formulation is the CMC and Sodium alginate mixture 1:1 ratio by volume. Cyan, Yellow, and Black colours are excellent on the Sodium alginate mixtures. But, Magenta is excellent in the CMC and Dextrin mixture. Sharpness and printability are closely related to viscosity of the mixture. The most optimal sharpness of outline achieved with a consideration of coloring, and field operations account for production when the viscosity of the mixed pre-treatment agent approximately is 10~13 cSt. Change in shade and staining of wash fastness for all the treated samples with the mixtures rated 4-5 grade. Both dry rubbing fastness to shade change and staining are good in the treated samples, whereas wet rubbing fastness rated 2-3 grade. To improve wet rubbing fastness, the Sodium alginate and Dextrine mixture, which rated 3-4 grade for Black color, is applicable. With exception of 3 rating to black color, Light fastness is 4 rating for the remaining three colors in the regardless of treatment condition and mixing of the pre-treatment agent. Dry cleaning fastness of all samples are also 4-5 rating.

전주 한옥마을의 이미지를 활용한 패션문화상품 디자인 개발 - 디지털 프린팅 넥타이를 중심으로 -

This research is implemented to shed new light on the essence of Korean sentiments, aesthetic sense and restructure it in modern ways. In particular, applying the current images of traditional Korean village in Jeonju to neckties is focused on the purpose of globalizing the industrialization of Korean traditional sceneries and Korean image products. Adobe Photoshop CS program was used to develop necktie designs containing the images of the traditional Korean village. To make artworks, the Digital Textile Printing System that is an environment-friendly printing method was used. Moreover, Hanji yarn fabric was adopted for them so as to use Korean materials. The total number of developed designs is eight and neckties for men were made by altering images of the traditional Korean village in modern ways. According to the research results, required are more investment and self-development for proper understandings on our traditional cultural images and their development from now on. Moreover, in my view, customers` desires must be met by comprehending public consciousness, trends and environments to meet customer`s desires. Furthermore, higher value-added products must be created by using Hanji yarn and images of traditional Korean villages by distributing high quality designs that will satisfy customers` desires and psychology, producing small quantities of products with various designs and colors.

디지털 텍스타일 프린팅의 초현실주의적 표현 기법에 관한 연구

With the development of digital technology, clothes of unique textiles using the digital printing techniques have appeared as a creative trend in textile design. The development of digital textile printing technology has allowed the fashion industry to utilize it as an expressive method of a surrealist trend in current fashion designs, and so it is necessary to understand and study this phenomenon. The present study is an attempt to understand this modern fashion phenomena from an artistic perspective by looking at textile designs that applied actual images to textiles, so that this trend in fashion design can be better understood. In this context, this study aims to examine characteristics and expressive techniques of dpaysement, automatisme associated with digital textile printing by using actual images among surrealist expressions, and to investigate creative expressions of textile design freely expressing the visual boundary between reality and surrealism with the development of digital technology. For research methods, we reviewed technical texts and previous studies related to our research topic for theoretical exploration and investigated the Internet data and used them for basic data. In the case study, we came up with the characteristics and meanings by classifying fashion design cases using digital textile printing techniques according to expressive techniques of surrealist dpaysement, automatisme. Details of this study are as follows: First, it investigates the definition and expressive characteristics of dpaysement, automatisme of the surrealist expression for its theoretical understanding. Second, it comes up with the characteristics by analyzing the digital textile cases from the perspective of dpaysement, automatisme. Third, it deduces the expressive methods and characteristics of digital textile printing from a the perspective of surrealist dpaysement, automatisme based on the resulting characteristics. The conclusions show that dpaysement, automatisme, which consists of improvisation and coincidence, maximized the mysterious images of derealisation and mysterious primitive images. These things emphasized the characteristics of maximization of images, derealisation, and rationalization of irrationalism.

견직물의 역학적 성질과 색채 특성이 촉감각과 색채감각에 미치는 상호작용효과

This study investigates the interaction effects of mechanical property-based clusters and colorimetric tones on the subjective touch and color sensation of fabrics when sight and touch were simultaneously provided to humans. Each of six different silk fabrics was colored by digital textile printing to have three tones (pale, vivid, and grayish) and its mechanical properties were measured by a Kawabata Evaluation System (KES). Touch and color sensation were identified to be primarily influenced by mechanical property-based clusters and tones, respectively. In touch, 'smooth', 'warm', 'heavy', and 'soft' were found to be affected by interactive effects of mechanical property-based clusters and colorimetric tone so that the pale tone tended to make differences smaller among the clusters for the touch sensation, while the grayish tone seemed to contribute to larger differences of 'heavy'. However, an interaction effect was not found in the color sensation with touch even though the color sensation was also influenced by mechanical property-based clusters.

견직물의 디지털 프린팅에 있어 전처리제가 염색성에 미치는 영향

Digital textile printing(DTP) technology made considerable advances in recent years. In this study, a pre-treatment agent has been prepared for the better coloration of digital textile printing. The ink formulation contained three kinds of 5g thickener (CMC, Sodium alginate, Dextrin), 25g urea, 5g sodium carbonate, and 465g distilled water. The optimal sharpness of outline was found in the 1-3% concentration of the pre-treating agent with a viscosity of 10-15 cSt. Even if the color difference between untreated and treated samples was not apparent in the printing step, the color appearance increased after steaming. The color appearance of cyan, magenta, yellow, black reactive colorants increased in the order of CMC>Sodium alginate>Dextrin. Wash fastness to shade change and staining for the treated samples were 4-5 rating, while untreated sample was 1-2 rating. Also, the pre-treated sample with 1:1 mixtures had 4-5 rating. Both dry and wet rubbing fastness to shade change and staining were excellent in the treated samples, whereas rubbing fastness of untreated sample was 1-2 rating. With exception of 3 rating to black color, light fastness properties were 4 rating for the remaining three colors in the regardless of treatment condition and mixing of pre-treating agents. Dry cleaning fastness of all samples were also 4-5 rating irrespective of treatment condition and mixing of pre-treating agents.

Colour management in digital textile printing

On the basis of simulated prints, a customer can decide on the colour appropriateness for a selected pattern. This article presents the possibilities and correct procedure for colour management application in the field of digital printing onto a textile substrate. The aim of the research was to establish whether long-term and expensive pre- and after-treatments can be avoided with the help of an appropriate development of printer profiles. The latter would be conducted through a print simulation on paper printed with a Canon laser or ink-jet printer. The results have confirmed that a print simulation on paper can be conducted with both printers, while a Canon ink-jet printer offers better results. In addition, by calculating the colour inconstancy index CMCCON02, the illuminant influence on the colour change of substrates under five different illuminations was determined. The results showed that simulated colours should be compared with original colours under daylight illuminants (D50, D55 and D75), while indoor illuminants A and F2 are not appropriate for a comparison, especially in the case of simulation with a Canon ink-jet printer (CMCCON02 index >5).

Digitally printed textiles: A number of specific issues surrounding research

The digital printing of textiles currently encompasses a wide range of processes, from craft related to technology based. As a result, artists, designers and craft practitioners are increasingly provided with new and exciting ways of combining and intertwining multiple layers of meaning from within the handmade and the digital. This article focuses on doctoral research into some of the opportunities for, and consequences of, using craft practices as interventions in the digital printing of textiles. The article discusses a number of issues surrounding research through design (Frayling 1993: 1; Scrivener 2009: 76), and considers the impact that multiple materials, multiple processes and multiple technologies can have on practice. It seeks to explain why established research methods and methodologies are often inadequate for capturing and analysing the range and depth of interactions that exist between the material and the immaterial in digitally printed textile design. It argues instead for the development of a new generic methodology to take advantage of advanced technologies and extend existing methods for the benefit of researchers, practitioner–researchers, artists and designers, in order to bring the digital printing of textiles into line with established disciplines, such as those from the social sciences.

DTP(Digital Textile Printing)에서 미디어의 원사꼬임 및 편성구조가 프린팅 Quality에 미치는 영향(2)

DTP(Digital Textile Printing)에서 미디어의 원사꼬임 및 편성구조가 프린팅 Quality에 미치는 영향(2)

Research on Continuous After-Treatment Process and System for DTP(Digital Textile Printing)

Digital Textile Printing(DTP) is appropriate for quick response system(QRS) and is closely connected with high value added fashion industry. Fashion products of high price are mainly silk and cotton. For high quality DTP products, it is important to optimize the parameters of media, pre and after-treatment, ink, printer, etc. DTP for these two fiber materials is also accompanied certainly with steaming as after-treatment process for coloration. Role of steam is like water in exhaustion dyeing. Steam can diffuse dye or ink in printing paste to fiber. Quality of DTP products depend on after-treatment processes such as steaming,

A Study on the Color Functions of the Textile Design System based on CAD using Image Analysis Methods

Printing process has been a major sector in the textile industries for a long period of time. With the advent of digital textile printing, the complex procedures of printing preparations and after-treatment processes have been streamlined. For the design of the motives of images to be printed, the use of image handling software, e.g. Photoshop(Adobe), has been of prime importance. Even though the software is extremely useful and functionally versatile, there are many laborious steps involved for the specific textile printing process. The use of a CAD-based textile printing function may help the textile printing process in streamlining the complex processing stages. The image qualities of the output designs have been compared objectively with the aid of several image similarity evaluation schemes including the SSIM, and FSIM Index methods.

A study on Tie-Dyed Method of Applied Pattern Design by Digital Textile Printing

A study on Tie-Dyed Method of Applied Pattern Design by Digital Textile Printing

Rusty Images Applied Fashion Design - For Digital Textile Printing Method -

The purpose of this study is to reorganize any rusty image including natural modeling characteristic presented from the natural phenomenon to certain patterns in order to create the fashion design that are valued in the expansion of independently expressional area and modeling art. As a method for research, the author analyzed the concept and characteristic for rust with a base of theoretical background by the documental research and realistic consideration, analyzed its modeling characteristic through domestic and overseas pictures, and e-documents as data, inspected the modeling activities of various categories that various images were adapted related to rust, looked into the concept of Digital Textile Printing and its producing procedure as an expressional method, and analyzed the examples of modern dress and its ornament making use of Digital Textile Printing. The conclusions of this study are as below. First, the rust occurred due to the natural phenomenon is the bond with different material like metal, each unique modeling characteristic occurs and harmony of various patterns has abundant aesthetic value. Second, the author could endowed sensible characteristic and speciality with works and could produce creative fashion design that painting, abstractive pattern and harmony of unique sense of colors are significant by using the image of rust, Third, to emphasize natural feeling of rust, the author could develop creative design that simple silhouette and impressive pattern look significant by reorganizing and applying rust according to repetition, increment, rhythm, contract, emphasis and harmony. Fourth, Digital Textile Printing method is used to induce visual effect by the expression of feels of rust, and the author could express the natural patterns, delicate expression for the feels of a material and unique design of emotion.

직물의 시각적 질감특성과 물리적 색채성질에 의한 색채감성요인 예측모델

This study investigates the effects of visual texture on color emotion and establishes prediction models for color emotion by both physical color properties and visual texture characteristics. A variety of fabrics including silk, cotton, and flax were colored by digital textile printing according to chromatic hue and tone combinations that are evaluated in terms of color emotion. Subjective visual texture ratings are also obtained for gray-colored same fabrics to those used in color emotion tests. As a result, fabric clusters by visual texture factors showed significant differences in color emotion factors that are primarily affected by physical color properties. Finally prediction models for color emotion factors by both physical color properties and visual texture clusters were established, which has a potential to be used to explain color emotion according to the visual texture characteristics of fabrics.

DTP(Digital Textile Printing)에서 미디어의 원사꼬임 및 편성구조가 프린팅 Quality에 미치는 영향(I)

Digital textile printing(DTP) is becoming more important because the production trend of textile printing goods is adapting to small-lot multiple items. Recently enhanced use of DTP is closely connected with production of high value-added products in fashion industry, which is also appropriate for quick response system(QRS). Quality of DTP depends on pre-treatment, after-treatment, ink, media, printer, etc. One of these parameters, Selection of good media is very important to obtain high quality of DTP products. Especially, the effects of media on printing quality of DTP according to yarn twist and structure of knitting fabric were examined in this study. Two types of yarn twist of 830 t.p.m and 1630 t.p.m for cotton knit were used and five types of media structures were knitted with single circular knitting machine. First, MIU, MMD, SMD`s values are closely related with surface roughness of sample as well as printing quality. The hard twist samples were higher values than normal twist samples in the same media structure. In case of SMD, the values increased from plain to corduroy types. Second, aspect of line sharpness, line area, and line width values of hard twist samples decreased from plain to corduroy than those of normal twist samples. Third, line deviation values of hard twist samples, blurriness of line, also decreased than those of normal twist samples.

Comparison of chromatic adaptation transforms used in textile printing sample preparation

As image‐capturing devices, such as scanners or digital cameras, normally describe data in RGB colour space, it is impossible to get a complete raw spectral description of a sample’s colour. Device characterisation enables conversion of RGB values to corresponding XYZ tristimulus values of a sample. For transformation of tristimulus values from one illuminant to another, chromatic adaptation transforms should be used. Within our research, chromatic adaptation transforms were implemented in the field of digital textile printing of textile substrate with reactive dyes. Five chromatic adaptation transforms were investigated and their performance was assessed with cluster analysis. Results showed that the lowest mean colour differences were generated with the D50‐D65 illuminant pair, followed by D50‐A and D65‐A. The same performance ranking of different chromatic adaptation transforms was obtained for both D50‐A and D65‐A illuminant pairs. The Bradford method showed the best results irrespective of the examined illuminant pair combination.

Digital Inkjet Dyeing and Printing of Textiles with Vat Dyes

Digital Inkjet Dyeing and Printing of Textiles with Vat Dyes

Digital textile printing (DTP) wastewater treatment using ozone and membrane filtration

Digital textile printing (DTP) is considered as an environmentally benign process because its wastewater production is relatively small compared with the conventional textile printing system. DTP is usually practiced at building office in an urban area rather than in a textile industrial complex, so that process development for on-site treatment of the DTP wastewater is currently needed. The aim of this study was to propose a DTP wastewater treatment system suitable for operation in building and to verify if the proposed system has a rationale treatment system should be compact and reliable because it should be installed near the DTP system. Thus, a hybrid system consisting of ozone, ultrafiltration (UF) and reverse osmosis (RO) was proposed for treatment of DTP wastewater. Prior to UF and RO, ozone was introduced to the DTP wastewater to reduce organic loadings to membrane filtration as well as to treat the concentrates recycled from UF and RO. When ozone was injected with C-T value of 255 g·s/L, the removal efficiency of COD and color was 63 and 81%, respectively. Ozonation of the DTP wastewater led to aggregation of colloidal particles, so that the cake resistance ( R c ) calculated after ozone and UF was lower than that of the control (= without ozonation), suggesting that pre-ozonation is beneficial to not only flux enhancement but also to good permeate water quality. Further treatment of UF permeates using RO was carried out since the UF permeates was not enough for direct discharge or reuse. Final effluents through the whole process of ozonation, UF and RO met the criteria of direct discharge and reuse, suggesting that the proposed hybrid system could be used for DTP wastewater treatment satisfactorily.