Digital Mathematics Research Articles

The Impact of Digital Mathematics Textbooks on Teacher-Student Interaction: Evidence from Behavioral Sequence Analysis

Research and development of digital mathematics textbooks are increasingly conducted in various countries, and they have been proven to have a positive effect on students' mathematics outcomes. However, there is limited research analyzing the effect of digital mathematics textbooks on teacher-student interaction. This study examines the impact of digital mathematics textbooks compared to Traditional Multimedia Classrooms (TMCs) on teacher-student interactions in secondary school settings in China. Eight classroom sessions were analyzed using a modified version of the iFIAS behavior coding scheme, with 7126 interactions recorded and reviewed from classroom videos. The analysis focused on four interaction themes: teacher-student, student-student, teacher-technology, and student-technology. Results from the Lag Sequential Analysis (LSA) indicate that while TMCs primarily facilitate teacher-technology interactions using interactive whiteboards, classrooms with digital mathematics textbooks enhance student-centered interactions, including both student-student and student-technology. Although the quantity of teacher-student interactions did not increase with digital textbooks, the quality and diversity of these interactions improved, promoting a more student-centered learning environment.

A Preliminary Study of Context Integration as A Determinant in The Effectiveness of Digital Mathematics Games

Contexts in the digital learning environment are one of the crucial components regarding students’ motivation and positive attitude development toward content. Although there is not enough guiding information in the literature about how contexts should be, previous research has shown that even digital game contexts are effective in developing students’ environmental awareness. To reveal the impact of contexts in the digital learning environment, it is necessary to consider the variables regarding the socio-economic and cultural status of the students. Therefore, it can be envisaged that the effect of digital game contexts may differ depending on students’ experiences and social environments. For this purpose, digital games were designed in two different contexts in this research. In these digital games, two opposite contexts were selected. The first context was focused on saving nature and green energy. This context includes different levels of digital games on topics such as solar energy, reforestation, and clean water sources. The second context was focused on unregulated industrial development that negatively affects nature by ignoring it. This context includes different levels of digital games such as building thermal power plants, building chemical factories, and turning forests into fields. Apart from the contexts, the other variables in both games (i.e., gameplay, artistic structure, levels of problem parameters) are the same. At each game level, students were asked to solve mathematical problems regarding ratio-proportion. In this study, the preliminary findings, which were derived from a large experimental study, were presented. The participants of this study were 15 gifted eighth-grade students from Turkey. Among the participants, eight students played the digital game regarding the context of green energy, and the remaining seven students played the digital game regarding the context of unregulated industrial development. Preliminary findings showed that students were more interested in the digital game regarding the context of unregulated industrial development as it included interesting and beneficial topics such as energy generation and economic development. The resident perception of the citizens regarding the acute need for energy generation and economic development rather than saving nature and green energy since Turkey represents a developing country may explain this finding.

AI 디지털교과서 도입과 활용에 관한 중등수학교사의 인식 조사 연구: 학습자 맞춤 교육 실현을 위한 과제

This study explores mathematics teachers' perceptions of the adoption and utilization of AI digital mathematics textbooks and provides implications for both the development of AI digital textbooks and teacher education. A survey was conducted in November 2023 with 130 secondary school mathematics teachers to analyze their perceptions regarding (1) understanding and necessity of AI digital textbooks, (2) key features, (3) application in mathematics instruction, and (4) teacher professional development. The results reveal that while secondary mathematics teachers recognize the necessity of adopting AI digital textbooks, there is a significant gap in their understanding and experience with the core functionalities. There is a strong demand for features such as learning diagnostics and dashboard to support adaptive learning, along with expectations for student-centered adaptive learning and emotional support. However, concerns were also raised about decreased interactivity and challenges in lesson preparation due to changes in the educational environment. Based on these findings, the study suggests the need for enhanced teacher professional development to deepen teachers’ understanding and support practical implementation, as well as functional improvements to AI digital textbooks to ensure their effective and practical adoption in educational settings.

Teaching in a collaborative mathematic learning activity with and without a social robot

AbstractThere is a growing interest in whether social robots, which are embodied and exhibit human-like behaviour, can be used for teaching and learning. Still, very few studies focus on the teacher’s role. This study focuses on how a teacher acted in a learning-by-teaching activity with 20 children. In this small-scale field experiment, the teacher’s interactions and teaching actions were observed when the teacher scaffolded a learning activity where children played a collaborative digital mathematics game to strengthen their mathematical reasoning and conceptual understanding of arithmetic. When playing, the children were acting as tutors for a tutee, according to the learning-by-teaching principle. In one scenario, the tutee was a younger child; in the other, the tutee was a social robot. Twenty 30-minute game-playing sessions are observed, video-recorded, and transcribed. The study explores the teacher’s interactions and teaching actions in the two scenarios and discusses the results from the perspective of the teacher’s role, social norms, and teacher digital competence. The interaction and thematic analyses show similarities and characteristic differences in the teacher’s interaction patterns in the two scenarios. The teaching actions are similar on a structural level and differ regarding the types and distribution of teaching actions. In the child-child scenario, the teacher directs most teaching actions to both players, and the actions are didactic (mathematical) scaffolding. In contrast, in the child-robot scenario, the teacher only addresses the tutor, and the scaffolding is socially oriented. Implications for a teaching practice involving social robots as learning companions are discussed regarding teachers’ presence and participation, types of social robot knowledge that go beyond digital competence, and new challenges introduced by using social robots as learning companions in the classroom. The study contributes new insights into the teacher’s role and actions when teaching with a social robot in a collaborative learning situation, which is relevant for educational research and teaching practice.

Comparison Effectiveness of Concrete and Digital Mathematics Learning Media: Systematic Literature Review on Industrial Revolution 4.0 Era

Industrial Revolution 4. 0. Technological developments affect all aspects of human life, as well as education. Therefore, innovation is needed to achieve learning objectives. The goal is to produce a competitive workforce equipped with skills known as the 4Cs (communication, collaboration, critical thinking and problem solving, creativity and innovation). Reforms in the field of mathematics education to achieve the intended expectations include the use of tangible digital educational media. Researchers conducted research using systematic literature review methods to find out the latest facts about concrete and digital mathematics learning media in the era of the Industrial Revolution 4. 0. We interpret a total of 30 articles from various databases and make an overview of the use, advantages and disadvantages of digital and real mathematics educational media in the era of the Industrial Revolution 4. 0. The benefits of real educational media include improving students' problem-solving, creative and thinking skills, and visual reasoning. The advantages of digital learning media include efficiency and efficiency when learning mathematics, allowing for face-to-face (distance) learning, and eliminating the need for certain treatments. The shortcomings of concrete learning media require more consideration so that it takes a long time.

Automation, agencies and aesthetics: the politics of data visualizations in configuring teachers’ expertise

ABSTRACT It is well-known that digital learning materials influence the classroom curriculum and didactics. At the same time, few studies examine the role of the data visualizations offered by digital learning materials. Data visualizations signpost the emergence of students as data subjects who can be observed and compared on a computer screen. They thus shape teachers’ socio-technical ways of seeing student learning and are likely to influence student assessments. Drawing inspiration from Science and Technology Studies (STS), this paper advances an analytical framework for eliciting the politics of data visualizations, focusing on automation, agencies, and aesthetics. The framework is exemplified through a case study of a popular Danish digital mathematics platform. In a concluding discussion, the paper considers the importance of addressing unsettled and ethical questions about the role of automated digital systems in teachers’ knowledge practices.

Working with digital textbooks or printed materials: A study with boys and girls on conditional probability

The integration of dynamic visualisations, feedback formats and digital tools is characteristic of state-of-the-art digital mathematics textbooks. Although there already is evidence that students can benefit from these technology-based features in their learning, the direct comparison between the use of a comparable digital and printed resource has not yet been sufficiently investigated. We address this research gap by contrasting the use of an enriched digital textbook that includes these features and comparable printed materials without them. To do so, we investigate the achievement of 314 students in a pretest-posttest control group design in a five-hour series of lessons on conditional probability. Using the Rasch model and mixed ANOVA, the results indicate that students can benefit from digital textbook features, especially compared to the use of comparable printed materials. In line with other studies on mathematical achievement and the use of digital resources, our study also shows differences between boys and girls. It seems that particularly girls benefit from the use of the digital textbook, whereas, for the boys, it does not seem to make a difference what kind of resources they use. The group and gender differences are discussed against the background of other studies considering that, especially in Bayesian situations, the way statistical situations are visualised can be decisive for a student’s performance.

Using student personas when developing digital mathematics learning resources to improve teacher training

In this study, we discuss how the use of student personas can support pre-service teachers developing digital mathematics learning resources and improve mathematics teacher training programs. The use of modern technologies in schools requires that pre-service teachers prepare for new challenges, including the development of digital learning resources. To be able to develop such resources during teacher training, pre-service mathematics teachers without direct contact with students need insights into particular characteristics of mathematics students. We argue that personas, a tool and approach adopted from user experience research, can provide such insights. For this purpose, we interviewed four pre-service mathematics teachers who were developing digital learning resources in the span of a semester. We analyzed the data using grounded qualitative content analysis approaches and identified the following key aspects of personas usage for mathematics teacher training: (A) personas can act as an information tool, (B) personas can act as a planning and feedback tool, (C) the use of personas can trigger reflection processes for pre-service teachers, and (D) sustained work with personas may increase its impact. Our results indicate that personas can offer pre-service teachers support when developing digital learning resources and contribute to their professional development.

Utilising personas as a methodological approach to support prospective mathematics teachers’ adaptation and development of digital mathematics learning resources

AbstractPersonas, initially originated in user experience research, are short and simplified representations of particular user groups, and this methodological approach has recently gained ground in educational research. This study aims to explore aspects of personas that may be beneficial for prospective mathematics teachers when they develop digital learning resources. To explore such aspects, we employed qualitative interviews, thinking-out-loud techniques, and jointly developed learning resources with prospective mathematics teachers, and analysed this diverse data with a combination of case study and grounded theory approaches. Consequently, we were able to identify the following essential aspects of using personas in our study: (A) personas as representatives of real people, (B) personas as planning & feedback tools for material development, (C) professionalisation of prospective mathematics teachers (by using personas), (D) differentiation/individualisation for personas through digital learning resources, and (E) motivational elements of digital mathematics learning resources. Based on our results, we concluded that using personas could broaden prospective mathematics teachers’ views on student characteristics and demands that may enable teachers to facilitate the development of differentiated and individualised digital mathematics learning resources.

Development of Digital Mathematics Teaching Materials Based on a Self-Regulated Learning Approach to Increase the Creativity of Jakarta Teachers

The creativity of teachers in developing digital mathematics teaching materials is required to increase students' understanding independently in online learning. A good learning strategy to increase creativity and independent learning is self-regulated learning. This community service training aims to increase the creativity of Jakarta teachers in developing teaching materials for digital mathematics learning based on a self-regulated learning approach. Twenty-three high school teachers in Jakarta attended the training. The stages consist of pre-training, training process, and post-training. The results of this community service training. The results show that: The teachers understand the material about the systematic development of digital mathematical teaching materials; Training provides clear information; The output of the training can help the learning of teachers; Teachers' creativity is increasing by making mathematics digital teaching material based on self-regulated learning Approach as the output of this training.

Examination of the Interactive Digital Mathematics Games According to NCTM Standards

This study aimed to examine the interactive digital games that are open to access at the secondary education level on the Education Informatics Network [EIN] platform according to NCTM standards. 20 interactive mathematics games that are open to access on the EIN platform have been reached. Accessed games were analysed descriptively with a code book developed by Joung and Byun (2021) based on the NCTM Content and Process Standards. According to the results of the study, it was determined that the majority of the games are focused on the Numbers and Operations. All of the games targeted fifth and sixth graders, and no games were included for probability domain. Geometry has the highest mean scores for content standards while algebra has the lowest. Games related to geometry, measurement, and numbers exhibit a moderate degree of alignment with the underlying content domains, whereas games centered on data and algebra show a relatively weaker correspondence between the content and the contextual aspects of the game. On the other hand, as for the process standards, algebra has the highest mean scores while geometry and numbers have the lowest mean scores. Highest mean scores for process standards belong to problem solving for data, reasoning and proof for measurement, connections for data and algebra, representations and communication for algebra. Among the process standards, reasoning and proof, and communication were represented with the lowest means for all domains. Considering the results it is advisable to revise digital interactive mathematics games to meet the content and process standards.

A Systematic Review of Digital Mathematics Game Articles Published in Peer-Reviewed Journals in Türkiye From 2005 to 2023

The current study aimed to provide a detailed synthesis of the literature on digital mathematics games and to gain an in-depth understanding of the current status of research on digital mathematics games. For this purpose, digital mathematics game articles published in peer-reviewed journals from 2005 to 2023 were systematically reviewed. To locate these articles, the following keywords were searched in TR Index, DergiPark Academic, and Google Scholar: “digital game”, “video game”, “computer game”, “interactive game”, “mobile game”, and “serious game”. The articles retrieved from the search were subjected to a two-stage screening process. First, the titles and abstracts of the articles were examined. Second, their full texts were examined. After the screening process, 26 articles that suited the purpose of the study were determined. Relevant data from the selected articles were extracted manually, recorded in an Excel spreadsheet, and finally synthesized. The findings were reported using the following research trends: (i) research aims, (ii) research methodologies, (iii) research participants, (iv) sample sizes, (v) designers of the digital mathematics games, (vi) environments used for designing digital mathematics games, and (vii) learning domains of the digital mathematics game topics. The findings are discussed based on the literature and implications for stakeholders are presented.

Digital re‐attributional feedback in high school mathematics education and its effect on motivation and achievement

AbstractBackgroundStudents often show unfavourable attribution: they attribute poor school performance to stable factors such as lack of ability and good school performance to variable factors such as effort. However, attribution can be influenced by individualized digital re‐attributional feedback leading to positive motivational effects and higher learning outcomes. This is very promising, but it still is unclear, whether this digital re‐attributional feedback can also be successfully integrated in everyday classroom activities.ObjectivesThe present field experiment investigated how integrating digital re‐attributional feedback into classroom instruction affects student attribution, motivation and learning outcomes.MethodsIn the experiment, 8th–10th grade high school students (N = 322) worked with a digital mathematics learning program which was integrated in a three‐week teaching unit. Half the students in each classroom received only standard feedback after each practice task (SF group); the other half received additionally an individual re‐attributional feedback (RF group) after every third task. Attribution, mathematics self‐concept, and self‐efficacy were measured by an online questionnaire twice a week; learning outcomes in mathematics were measured weekly.Results and ConclusionHierarchical analyses showed that re‐attributional feedback led to a more favourable attribution in case of success on stable factors. Especially low‐performing students benefited from this feedback. No effects on attribution in case of failure, self‐efficacy or learning outcomes could be found. Further research could investigate if certain adaptations to the digital re‐attributional feedback is more effective in a real classroom setting and has a broader impact on different students.

PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR DIGITAL MATEMATIKA DENGAN BOOK CREATOR UNTUK MENDUKUNG PEMAHAMAN KONSEPTUAL PADA MASALAH ARITMATIKA SOSIAL

Social arithmetic is a useful topic for mastering numeracy skills that are useful in solving real-world problems. However, students' difficulties in solving social arithmetic problems are still found. In addition, the limitations of available digital learning resources are also an obstacle for some teachers. This article aims to describe the process and results of developing digital mathematics teaching materials with the Book Creator applications to promotes students' understanding of concepts in social arithmetic. The development of this teaching material is based on the ADDIE model with the following stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Based on the conceptual understanding test on 6 subjects with various mathematical abilities, the average achievement result was 89%. The advantage of this teaching material is that it contains contextual problems that are in accordance with real-life situations, but on the other hand it is still necessary to develop more open-ended questions. This teaching material also contains questions for self-reflection to facilitate self-regulation in learning. For further development, teaching materials also need to be improved in terms of appearance, scope of lesson topics, and practicality in terms of collecting student written answer documents.

Computer-based assessment in mathematics

Computer-based assessments is becoming more and more common in mathematics education, and because the digital media entails other demands than paper-based tests, potential threats against validity must be considered. In this study we investigate how preparatory instructions and digital familiarity, may be of importance for test validity. 77 lower secondary students participated in the study and were divided into two groups that received different instructions about five different types of dynamic and/or interactive functions in digital mathematics items. One group received a verbal and visual instruction, whereas the other group also got the opportunity to try using the functions themselves. The students were monitored using eye-tracking equipment during their work with mathematics items with the five types of functions. The result revealed differences in how the students undertook the dynamic functions due to the students’ preparatory instructions. One conclusion is that students need to be very familiar with dynamic and interactive functions in tests, if validity is to be ensured. The validity also depends on the type of dynamic function used.

Situații-problemă de matematică clasa 6-a implementare în aplicația MDIRconstructor 2.0

The study presents the importance of math problems in developing pupils' logical thinking and inventiveness and provides some examples of interactive math problems made with the MDIRConstructor 2.0 application for the 6th-grade digital mathematics textbook.

PEMANFAATAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA DIGITAL BERBASIS EDUGAME WORDWALL TINGKAT SEKOLAH DASAR DI DESA SIDOREJO

One of the aims of this Potential-Based Community Service is to increase enthusiasm for learning mathematics and introduce fun mathematics learning for children in Sidorejo Village. Because all this time learning mathematics seems very scary and less fun if it is studied with the wrong method. This problem becomes a separate focus point for each element of education. The implementation method in this activity was carried out in Sidorejo Village, Jabung District, Malang Regency by applying face-to-face edugame wordwall-based digital mathematics learning with elementary school level children. After implementing this activity, it can be concluded that by utilizing digital mathematics learning media with wordwall software, it can improve students' abilities and enthusiasm in learning mathematics.

Development of contextual-based digital mathematics learning media for junior high school students

Learning Media used in the learning process is not optimal, students have difficulty in understanding mathematical concepts.Digital Learning media are needed according to the needs of students, which are easily accessible and support students in internal and external learning activities. The purpose of the research is to develop contextual-based digital mathematics learning media for Junior High School students that are valid, practical, and effective. Types of research, Research Development with ADDIE Development model: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation. The study was conducted with students subject SMPN 51 Batam. Research instruments in the form of questionnaires of material experts, media experts, student response questionnaires, educator response questionnaires and learning outcomes test questions, were declared valid and reliable. Based on the results of the study, the development of Learning media achieved aspects of the validity of the material expert at 3.78 (very valid) and media expert 3.77 (very valid), small group trials 82.62 percent (practical) and the response of educators 90.83 percent (very practical). and aspects of media effectiveness 73.68 percent (effective). Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that contextual-based digital mathematics learning Media for Junior High School students that have been developed are valid, practical and effective, developed media can be chosen as an alternative for learning mathematics causes attractive and interactive design view, with contextual mathematics.

Effect Size Digital Mathematics Textbook in Blended Learning Assisted by Schoology Improves Mathematical Problem Solving Ability for Polytechnic Students

This study aims to determine the effect size of digital mathematics textbooks in blended learning assisted by Schoology to improve mathematical problem-solving abilities in polytechnic students. The research was conducted at the Bali State Polytechnic (PNB), using the Research & Development method with a 4-D model (define, design, develop, and disseminate). Currently, the dissemination stage is carried out through an effectiveness test using a quasi-experiment approach, with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The subjects are PNB engineering students in 2020/2021, and 10 classes are taken by purposive sampling. Data were collected using a mathematical problem-solving ability test and analyzed using a t-test, N-Gain scores, and effect size. The results of the analysis show that the effect size of digital mathematics textbooks to improve mathematical problem-solving skills in Schoology-assisted blended learning is very large. The implication is that increasing the ability to solve mathematical problems through blended learning assisted by Schoology for polytechnic students will be quite effective if it is facilitated by digital mathematics textbooks.

How does the modern home environment impact children's mathematics knowledge? Evidence from Canadian elementary children's digital home numeracy practice (DHNP)

AbstractBackgroundA strong knowledge of mathematics, beginning at the elementary level, is critical for participation in today's complex world. The home may be one way to facilitate individualized mathematics instruction, given that children spend more time at home than in an academic institution. Therefore, researchers are interested to see whether the home numeracy environment (HNE) can provide a solid foundation for children's mathematics understanding. Further, children's digital mathematics exploration at home is increasingly common (e.g., using math apps).ObjectivesThe present study evaluates the digital home numeracy practice (DHNP) model and explores its effect on children's mathematics knowledge across five domains (numeration, number operation, pattern recognition, spatial sense, and applied problem‐solving).MethodsTo conduct this study, 117 Canadian parents and their children from Grade 1 through 5 completed a DHNP survey and a range of in‐person mathematics measures.Results and ConclusionsThe results identified significant relations between parents and children's implicit mathematics factors (e.g., math anxiety, motivation). Children's mathematics anxiety and parents' academic estimations and expectations for their children positively predicted children's mathematics knowledge. In terms of DHNP components, parental involvement in DHNP predicted children's numeration and applied problem‐solving knowledge.ImplicationsTaken together, the results detail the contribution of parental and child factors to children's mathematics knowledge and suggest that parents adjust their role in DHNP according to their children's mathematics ability.