Digital Library Project Research Articles

New prediction method for data spreading in social networks based on machine learning algorithm

Information diffusion prediction is the study of the path of dissemination of news, information, or topics in a structured data such as a graph. Research in this area is focused on two goals, tracing the information diffusion path and finding the members that determine future the next path. The major problem of traditional approaches in this area is the use of simple probabilistic methods rather than intelligent methods. Recent years have seen growing interest in the use of machine learning algorithms in this field. Recently, deep learning, which is a branch of machine learning, has been increasingly used in the field of information diffusion prediction. This paper presents a machine learning method based on the graph neural network algorithm, which involves the selection of inactive vertices for activation based on the neighboring vertices that are active in a given scientific topic. Basically, in this method, information diffusion paths are predicted through the activation of inactive vertices byactive vertices. The method is tested on three scientific bibliography datasets: The Digital Bibliography and Library Project (DBLP), Pubmed, and Cora. The method attempts to answer the question that who will be the publisher of thenext article in a specific field of science. The comparison of the proposed method with other methods shows 10% and 5% improved precision in DBL Pand Pubmed datasets, respectively.

Special Report: America’s First Asylum for African Americans Marks 150th Anniversary

<i>Special Report:</i> America’s First Asylum for African Americans Marks 150th Anniversary

An improved Jaya algorithm with a modified swap operator for solving team formation problem

Forming a team of experts that can match the requirements of a collaborative task is an important aspect, especially in project development. In this paper, we propose an improved Jaya optimization algorithm for minimizing the communication cost among team experts to solve team formation problem. The proposed algorithm is called an improved Jaya algorithm with a modified swap operator (IJMSO). We invoke a single-point crossover in the Jaya algorithm to accelerate the search, and we apply a new swap operator within Jaya algorithm to verify the consistency of the capabilities and the required skills to carry out the task. We investigate the IJMSO algorithm by implementing it on two real-life datasets (i.e., digital bibliographic library project and StackExchange) to evaluate the accuracy and efficiency of proposed algorithm against other meta-heuristic algorithms such as genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization, African buffalo optimization algorithm and standard Jaya algorithm. Experimental results suggest that the proposed algorithm achieves significant improvement in finding effective teams with minimum communication costs among team members for achieving the goal.

Phase transitions in information spreading on structured populations

Mathematical models of social contagion that incorporate networks of human interactions have become increasingly popular, however, very few approaches have tackled the challenges of including complex and realistic properties of socio-technical systems. Here, we define a framework to characterize the dynamics of the Maki–Thompson rumour spreading model in structured populations, and analytically find a previously uncharacterized dynamical phase transition that separates the local and global contagion regimes. We validate our threshold prediction through extensive Monte Carlo simulations. Furthermore, we apply this framework in two real-world systems, the European commuting and transportation network and the Digital Bibliography and Library Project collaboration network. Our findings highlight the importance of the underlying population structure in understanding social contagion phenomena and have the potential to define new intervention strategies aimed at hindering or facilitating the diffusion of information in socio-technical systems. The mathematical modelling of how information spreads in social networks has latterly gained fresh urgency. A study of realistic structured populations now identifies the threshold at which the propagation of rumours becomes contagious, thereby inducing a phase transition.

Audiovisual accessibility: Evaluating workflows for transcribing and captioning digital archival content

Accessibility of content should be a major focus for all digital library projects. This article describes how the University of Utah’s J. Willard Marriott Library embarked on a grant-funded project to examine different workflows for creating captions and transcripts for archival audiovisual content. Although many institutions have experimented with various methods for creating captioning and transcripts, there is no perfect standard for effectively and inexpensively generating these for archival collections. While working with a diverse set of archival audio and audiovisual files, the J. Willard Marriott Library compared different captioning workflows based on the amount of time to transcribe, the cost of each workflow, and the quality of the final results. This article presents the findings from this study, with information about the different processes that were used to generate the captions for archival content.

Exploring Global Heritage in Digital Outline: An Evaluative Study of World Digital Library

The recent developments in Information and Communication Technology ICT, particularly the World Wide Web (WWW), have changed the scenario of accessing information beyond the concrete walls of traditional libraries, which in turn paved the way for the novel concept of digital libraries. Accordingly, this phenomenon led to the creation of an increasing number of digital library projects globally which is designed to bring a paradigm shift in the ways information is created, retrieved, disseminated and used worldwide. Consequently, present study attempts to evaluate the World Digital Library (WDL) to explore its varied characteristics in terms of no. and range of collection formats, geographical distribution, language diversity, and type of contributing institutions. The evaluation apparently reveals that WDL has emerged to be a vital cultural asset that has duly transformed the traditional concept of library and information system through assimilation of technological advancements and make it possible to discover, study, and enjoy cultural treasures and significant historical documents on one site, in a variety of ways.

Open Source Digital Library Software: A Literature Review

Digital Library initiatives are gaining momentum and many open source digital library software emerged. These developments necessitate universal standard for digital library software. Conforming the software to universal standard means compromising local requirements. No matter how general the software may be, suitability of the digital library software to specific requirements of digital library project will differ from software to software. These variations in digital library software allow ample room for librarians to assess the digital library softwares with the local requirement criterion. To ease assessment/selection process, this paper attempts to evaluate four most popular open source digital library software. Various features of the softwares are comparatively tabled for ready reference.

KAZAKHSTAN DEVELOPS SMART CITIES: INSTITUTIONAL REPOSITORIES AS BACKBONES OF DIGITAL KAZAKHSTAN

As a young and developing city, Astana and its people is preparing its way to become a smart city. A smart city “improves the quality of life for its citizens through technological means” (Guerra, 2017). Kourtit, Nijkamp, & Arribas (2012) define smart cities as highly productive cities as they perform to have highly educated people. Digital Kazakhstan is a state program which aims to augment the quality of life of the mankind by introducing and integrating digital technologies to the citizens’ daily life.As technologies play a vital role in improving the people’s lives, it has also an effect in the field of education. The educational sector will directly benefit from this technological trend as students, faculty, and researchers will have a faster and convenient way of getting relevant results through the available online tools available in public or academic libraries. The state prepares its nationals to be information and digital literate making its people highly competent and competitive (Digital Kazakhstan, 2018). This paper introduces the development of Institutional Repositories as possible technological component of a smart city. In Kazakhstan, the government is pushing towards providing better online access to its citizens. With this advent of smart city, how can libraries deliver and establish itself as a driving force in developing a smarter city? A smart city is inclusive and it requires effective services that a cultural center just like a library could provide. Libraries are great partners in informing and engaging its citizens through its programs and services (Mersand, Gasco-Hernandez, Gil-Garcia, Burke, Sutherland & Figueroa, 2018). Smart cities should have smart libraries which serve as a central hub for continuous learning and knowledge sharing. Smart libraries are governed by smart people that offersmart place and smartservices (Schopfel, 2018). Libraries are now seen as centers that could be an avenue for social participation and collaboration and a place where smart people can sharpen their critical thinking skills. Innovative programs, workshops, and trainings are often part of a library service to enhance learning. The government is also embarking on digital library projects being spearheaded by the National Academic Library. The aim of this paper is to introduce the development of Institutional Repositories as possible technological component of a smart city. With projects being developed, how sufficient in terms of open access information does the five largest cities of Kazakhstan have? State universities have their own institutional repository projects that may be a good inclusion to the smart city project. A survey of Astana university libraries and other four major cities was conducted to find out the number of existing Institutional Repositories that could possibly support the goal of the government to realize its full potential to be an innovative smart city. Furthermore, the paper will highlight challenges that each library is currently facing in building an institutional repository with a goal of improving the open access environment in Kazakhstan

Planning a Digital Libraries Projects: A theoretical study

Many academic studies have had interest in the conceptual and associated terminology as well as techniques of digital libraries, whereas, few of them dealt with the practical issue. For this reason, the scientific paper presents the planning issue of digital libraries project, which is related to the human, physical, financial aspects; and because the role of planning is crucial in determining the project features, and explain the project last outputs.

Speeding DBLP querying using hadoop and spark

Big data is becoming bigger every day. Even for simple applications such as the Digital Bibliography & Library Project (DBLP) database, the data is becoming unmanageable using the conventional databases because of its size. Applying big data processing methods such as Hadoop and Spark is becoming more popular because of that. In this work, we investigate the use of Hadoop and Spark in the querying process of big data and we compare the performance of them in terms of their execution time. We use the DBLP database as a case study. Results show that Hadoop and Spark enhances the query execution time significantly when compared with conventional database management systems. We also found that Spark enhances the execution time over Hadoop.

The Digital Library of the Middle East and Implementing International Cultural Heritage Preservation Policy

This article reviews the origins and goals of the Digital Library of the Middle East and discusses how the DLME and other digital library projects implement international cultural heritage preservation policy.

Ranking Authors in an Academic Network Using Social Network Measures

Online social networks are widely used platforms that enable people to connect with each other. These social media channels provide an active communication platform for people, and they have opened new venues of research for the academic world and business. One of these research areas is measuring the influential users in online social networks; and the same is true for academic networks where finding influential authors is an area of interest. In an academic network, citation count, h-index and their variations are used to find top authors. In this article, we propose the adoption of established social network measures, including centrality and prestige, in an academic network to compute the rank of authors. For the empirical analysis, the widely-used dataset of the Digital Bibliography and Library Project (DBLP) is exploited in this research, and the micro-level properties of the network formed in the DBLP co-authorship network are studied. Afterwards, the results are computed using social network measures and evaluated using the standard ranking performance evaluation measures, including Kendall correlation, Overlapping Similarlity (OSim) and Spearman rank-order correlation. The results reveal that the centrality measures are significantly correlated with the citation count and h-index. Consequently, social network measures have potential to be used in an academic network to rank the authors.

National Digital Library of China: On the Way to the Formation of a Single Cultural and Information Space of the Country

The article examines the experience of the National Library of China (Beijing) on implementation of the National Digital Library Project. There is described the state policy of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) on supporting digital library projects and informatization of the library sector, aimed at bridging the digital divide among the population, preservation and promotion of national book heritage, the growth of intellectual potential of the country and increase of its international prestige. The author considers the current state of the National Library of China, the results of its modernization, the projects included in the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development of the PRC (2016—2020). Special attention is paid to the website of the institution, which presents extensive information on the library life of the country. The role of the National Library of China as the initiator and manager of the National Digital Library Project is shown; the main stages of its implementation are revealed (“Chinese Pilot Digital Library Project”, “China Digital Library Program”, “Digital Library Promotion Project”); the importance of the project in the formation of a single information and library space of the country is determined. The author describes the programs developed by the National Library of China for the implementation of a large-scale “Digital Library Promotion Project”, launched in 2011; the Project provides for the integration of digital resources of more than 3000 public libraries of provincial and municipal levels, ensuring the availability of these resources on the website of the institution from any public library of the country, via the Internet or mobile devices. It is emphasized that studying of the experience of the National Library of China can be relevant for our country and the national libraries involved in the creation of the National Digital Library of Russia.

Venue-Influence Language Models for Expert Finding in Bibliometric Networks

This article investigates the fundamental problem of traditional language models used for expert finding in bibliometric networks. It introduces novel Venue-Influence Language Modeling methods based on entropy, which can accommodate citation links based weights in an indirect way without using links information. Intuitively, an author publishing in topic-specific venues, either journals or for conferences, will be an expert on a topic as compared to an author publishing in multi-topic venues. The proposed methods are evaluated on real world data, the Digital Bibliography and Library Project (DBLP) dataset to test the performance. Experimental results show that their proposed venue influence language models (ViLMs) based methods outperform the traditional (non-venue based) language models (LM).

‘Blacks Are Immune From Mental Illness’

‘Blacks Are Immune From Mental Illness’

A practical approach to measuring user engagement with the refined user engagement scale (UES) and new UES short form

User engagement (UE) and its measurement have been of increasing interest in human-computer interaction (HCI). The User Engagement Scale (UES) is one tool developed to measure UE, and has been used in a variety of digital domains. The original UES consisted of 31-items and purported to measure six dimensions of engagement: aesthetic appeal, focused attention, novelty, perceived usability, felt involvement, and endurability. A recent synthesis of the literature questioned the original six-factors. Further, the ways in which the UES has been implemented in studies suggests there may be a need for a briefer version of the questionnaire and more effective documentation to guide its use and analysis. This research investigated and verified a four-factor structure of the UES and proposed a Short Form (SF). We employed contemporary statistical tools that were unavailable during the UES’ development to re-analyze the original data, consisting of 427 and 779 valid responses across two studies, and examined new data (N=344) gathered as part of a three-year digital library project. In this paper we detail our analyses, present a revised long and short form (SF) version of the UES, and offer guidance for researchers interested in adopting the UES and UES-SF in their own studies.

Disappearing Link Prediction in Scientific Collaboration Networks

It is a common sense that both the formation and dissolution of links are the fundamental processes of link dynamics in network organization. Previous studies have analyzed the formation of links with predicting missing links in current networks and new links in the future. However, little attention has been paid to the disappearing link prediction problem. In this paper, we investigate the disappearing link prediction problem. First, we define the disappearing link prediction in scientific collaboration networks. In contrary to the missing link prediction, we use structural similarity indices to estimate the disappearing links through dissimilarity of the node pairs. Then, we propose a novel method called modified preferential attachment (MPA) for predicting disappearing links. MPA is designed based on the preferential attachment considering both links’ weights and the different impacts of the nodes’ neighbor links. Finally, we evaluate the performance of MPA based on three real scientific collaboration networks extracted from Digital Bibliography & Library Project and American Physical Society datasets. Meanwhile, we explore the performance of the classical similarity methods on disappearing link prediction. The experiment results show that MPA achieves better performance than other classical similarity indices, which verifies the effectiveness of MPA.

Evaluating journal impact based on weighted citations

Publishing at high-rank journals is a common objective to most researchers, and there’s a crucial need for a journal ranking system with universal recognition. This paper presents a quantitative approach to rank scientific journals. The approach, HR-PageRank, combines weighted PageRank according to author’s H-index, and relevance between citing and cited papers. The output of the proposed approach is compared against journal impact factor, H5-index, PageRank algorithm and China Computer Federation ranking list. The experiments of quantifying scholarly impact objectively are conducted in two real scholarly data sets: (1) Microsoft Academic Graph and (2) Digital Bibliography and Library Project. Our experimental results indicate that HR-PageRank algorithm outperforms the well-known PageRank algorithm in finding the influential journals according to Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, discounted cumulated gain and the correlation C.

A Block Model for Node Popularity in Networks with Community Structure

SummaryThe community structure that is observed in empirical networks has been of particular interest in the statistics literature, with a strong emphasis on the study of block models. We study an important network feature called node popularity, which is closely associated with community structure. Neither the classical stochastic block model nor its degree-corrected extension can satisfactorily capture the dynamics of node popularity as observed in empirical networks. We propose a popularity-adjusted block model for flexible and realistic modelling of node popularity. We establish consistency of likelihood modularity for community detection as well as estimation of node popularities and model parameters, and demonstrate the advantages of the new modularity over the degree-corrected block model modularity in simulations. By analysing the political blogs network, the British Members of Parliament network and the ‘Digital bibliography and library project’ bibliographical network, we illustrate that improved empirical insights can be gained through this methodology.

The Extraction of Social Networks from Web Using Search Engines

In this paper, our purpose is to create a large collection of related vocabularies and concepts to the user’s favorite field (articles, people, conferences, books, etc.) from the available information on the infinite and vast source of web which is expressed in the form of social network. In the other words, we introduced a way to help the researchers to be able to specify their favorite topic in a particular field and by this way, observe and extract the social network of the related concepts to that topic. In order to extract the nodes of this network, we used the sampling of web pages through the Google search engine, text processing techniques, and information retrieval. The topic of the extracted social network in this research is the scientific conferences in the field of computer sciences. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of this method, the extracted network from the results of the search engine is compared with the scientific conferences available in the DBLP[1] database. The obtained results from the social network analysis showed that the extracted network is of very high accuracy.[1] Digital Bibliography and Library Project