Digital Image Acquisition System Research Articles

Experimental investigation on the desiccation cracking process in date palm fiber reinforced clayey soil using digital image correlation

This paper presents an experimental study that aims to enhance the cracking resistance of clay soil. Laboratory tests were performed in order to assess the effect of fiber content and length on the desiccation cracking of clay soil. During these tests, a digital image acquisition system was used to depict the development and spread of cracks. The results were analyzed using the DIC digital image correlation technique for the full-strain obtaining and image processing analysis for the crack feature measurements. The results show that date palm fibers have a considerable impact on the wide spread of cracks in clay soil during desiccation, in addition to their area and width. The DIC approach was useful for monitoring the displacement evolution and strain field detection on the surface of the specimen. The addition of fibers slows the water evaporation rate of the specimens. Optimum crack reduction ratio of about 47% was found in fiber-reinforced clay with 0.75% fiber content at 10 mm fiber length.

Fabric defect detection using cartoon–texture image decomposition model and visual saliency method

Fabric defect detection is of great importance in the modern textile industry. In actual production, subjective factors usually affect manual detection, which is prone to problems such as false and missed detection. With the development of computer vision, a large number of fabric defect automatic detection algorithms have been proposed. Traditional algorithms rely too heavily on setting parameters manually, while deep learning algorithms have expensive training and computing costs. Given these limitations, a new fabric defect detection method based on the latest cartoon texture image decomposition model, visual saliency algorithm, and mathematical morphology, is proposed in this article. A digital image acquisition system is also designed and constructed. Therefore, the self-made dataset used in the experiment is composed of self-collected images and network public images. To further evaluate the performance of the proposed method, this study conducted fabric defect detection experiments and comparison experiments based on the self-made dataset. The results show that this method can successfully detect fabric defects, having high detection accuracy and efficiency. Combining subjective vision and objective evaluation, comparison experiments prove that this method is superior to other common fabric defect detection methods and has the highest value of accuracy and F1-score. This research provides a new method and technical support for fabric defect detection and other fields.

Mechanical properties and failure law of composite rock containing two coplanar fractures

Composite rocks comprise the rock structures that are commonly used in geotechnical engineering. The fracture configuration has a substantial influence on the mechanical behavior, failure mode, and crack propagation of composite rocks. In this study, we considered a composite rock with two prefabricated coplanar fractures. Through laboratory uniaxial compression tests and using a digital image acquisition system, we systematically studied the effects of different fracture lengths and inclination angles on the mechanical properties and failure characteristics of the rocks. We obtained the following results: 1) during the loading deformation of the rock sample, the peak stress and elastic modulus increased with an increase in the fracture inclination angle and decreased with an increase in the fracture length. The deterioration coefficient k (the ratio of the difference between the peak strength of intact and fractured rock sample to that of intact rock sample) decreased with an increase in the fracture inclination angle and increased with an increase in the fracture length. 2) The failure type of the rock samples was primarily controlled by the fracture inclination angle and material of the two rock types, and the fragmentation degree was primarily controlled by the fracture length. With an increase in the fracture inclination angle, the failure mode of rock sample exhibited the following order of changes leading to failure: a double-Y type (trwo wing and one antiwing cracks appeared on each prefabricated fracture) → double-Z type (two wing cracks appeared on each prefabricated fracture) → Z type (one wing crack appeared on each prefabricated fracture). 3) The type of coalescence of the rock bridge was controlled by the fracture inclination angle and structural plane. The crack positions were primarily affected by the fracture length. 4) At a low fracture inclination angle (α ≤ 30°), the propagation of the microcracks showed aggregated band formation. Above moderate fracture inclination angles (α > 30°), the microcrack aggregation band gradually weakened and expanded in the direction of dispersion.

Accidentally diagnosed ocular abnormalities identified during close screening for retinopathy of prematurity.

To report the variety of ocular findings which have been identified serendipitously during the screening for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in a tertiary referral center during seven-year period. The charts of 1568 preterm infants who screened for ROP were reviewed retrospectively. Any ocular lesion except for ROP were noted. All infants had undergone routine ocular examination of the external eye, pupillary light reflex, anterior and posterior segment. Wide-angle digital retinal image acquisition system for any vitreoretinal pathology requiring a close follow-up had been utilized. Abnormal ocular findings other than ROP were diagnosed in 296 infants (19.2%). Tunica vasculosa lentis was the most common finding (25%) followed by vitreous or retinal hemorrhages (17.2%) and retinal white lesions (16.6%). Retina was the most frequently involved anatomic site. Other frequent ocular findings included optic disc cupping, congenital cataract, optic nerve hypoplasia, choroidal nevus, persistent fetal vasculature, lid hemangioma, and tilted disc. However, life-threatening pathologies such as lipemia retinalis and even retinoblastoma were also diagnosed. A duly ophthalmologic examination is mandatory in premature infants for ROP screening. During such examinations, ophthalmologists must be aware of coexisting ocular findings; which could be sight-threatening or even life-threatening.

Centrifuge model studies on desiccation cracking behaviour of fiber-reinforced expansive clay

In this study, randomly distributed fiber reinforcement on the desiccation cracking behavior of expansive clay was investigated. Modeling considerations for the desiccation cracking behavior of unreinforced and fiber-reinforced clay was established using dimensional analysis. A custom-designed setup consisting of a specimen container, heating assembly, and digital image acquisition system was designed, calibrated, and used in the present study. A series of desiccation cracking tests were performed on unreinforced and fiber-reinforced expansive clay in a balanced beam geotechnical centrifuge. The test setup performance was evaluated by conducting tests at varying gravity levels and performing modeling of models. Digital image analysis and particle image velocimetry techniques were used to obtain qualitative information about the cracking of clay under the influence of fiber reinforcement and the varying thickness of the clay layers. The specimens reinforced with fibers exhibited improved cracking resistance than unreinforced clay specimens. The results indicate that the desiccation cracking of clays can be successfully modeled in a geotechnical centrifuge, highlighting the fact that this study is the first-ever such study. This knowledge can be used to study the behavior of critical geotechnical structures, especially clay barriers of landfill cover subjected to desiccation cracking.

Research and Implementation of Digital Microscope Image Acquisition System Based on Embedded Linux

<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">With the rapid development of multimedia and Internet in today's society, embedded Linux system also involves many places, and the application of digital microscope is also reused in many industrial manufacturing areas. The main purpose of this paper is to complete the research and implementation of digital microscope image acquisition system based on Embedded Linux, including image acquisition card, logic function, hardware circuit design and image acquisition system. In this paper, the CMOS digital camera is used to connect the CMOS digital camera with the computer through the transmission network, so as to collect the data. In the image preprocessing, the adaptive method based on mean and variance is implemented to correct the gray level of the collected image to avoid high error. In the image registration, the registration algorithm is used to smooth the mosaic place. Then, Sobel algorithm is used to carry out the color transition step by step to eliminate the gap in the image and realize the microscopic image mosaic. The results are as follows: the overall design scheme of the system is designed; the circuit board of digital microscope image acquisition and processing unit based on Embedded Linux is realized; image mosaic is realized by using image preprocessing, registration algorithm and fusion technology, In order to improve the quality of digital microscope image acquisition; through the feasibility test of the system, it is concluded that the performance of the embedded Linux digital microscope image acquisition system proposed in this paper is good, which is worthy of wide application.</span>

Research on texture image inpainting of jacquard fabric based on non-single vision

For the texture image inpainting of jacquard fabric with a large damaged region but complete data information around it, traditional exemplar-based image inpainting algorithms are not only have rapid falling traditional confidence value, but also the matching precision is greatly limited due to the lack of robustness, which results in a wrong guided direction and an unsatisfactory inpainting effect. To solve the above-mentioned problems, a novel digital image acquisition system for damaged fabric was designed and one set of texture image inpainting algorithms of jacquard fabric based on non-single vision was developed. In this image inpainting method, the images to be inpainted and target images were obtained through the non-single-vision imaging method. By using the image registration and Poisson image blending technology, the damaged region was filled by block matching first and then patches from the target image to the data missing region were copied. The experimental results clearly showed that the proposed method achieves better results in visual appearance and inpainting quality, compared with traditional approaches for inpainting. In addition, this method shows broad potential application prospects in the virtual restoration of ancient fabrics using image inpainting technology.

Investigation of image registration method for the multi-directional image fusion of woven fabrics

Traditional single-side scanning or single-vision image acquisition methods have the limitation of incomplete information caused by the existence of blind spots. To collect the complete texture information of fabric images, a new multi-vision image acquisition and the related fusion method is developed to solve this problem. However, linear addition of image sequences acquired from multiple directions cannot achieve a good result of image fusion, it is necessary to conduct the image fusion based on the image registration between images at pixel level. Therefore, a new multi-directional digital image acquisition system for woven fabrics is established in this article; one set of image fusion algorithm based on image registration is proposed for the image enhancement of fabric. Fabric texture images are digitized by means of multi-directional vision imaging instead of unidirectional imaging, the structural information of fabric texture could be enhanced using image registration and fusion technology and the indexing and localization of texture corresponding points could be controlled using matching points or control points. Our experimental results show that the proposed method could be used to merge the effective information from the multi-directional vision images completely, it has the potential application for the rendering of woven fabrics using image driven virtual reality enhancement.

Digital Recognition of Weighing Instruments Based on Machine Vision

After image graying, binarization, filtering, corrosion, expansion and other related pre-processing operations, the tilted digits are vertically corrected by searching for the smallest external rectangle of the digits, and then the images are digitally segmented. Finally, the digits are recognized by using BP neural network algorithm, which are all based on the VS Software Platform (Microsoft Visual Studio) of computer and OpenCV Machine Vision Library. BP neural network algorithm has higher accuracy and can recognize different forms of numbers compared with traditional digital recognition methods. However, the processing time of digital recognition is longer, the number of digital samples processed is larger, and the algorithm is more complex compared with the general algorithm. We collect 300 digital pictures for recognition and test, and the recognition accuracy is as high as 97% in the digital image acquisition and recognition system. Finally, experiment shows that the method performs well in recognition accuracy and anti-jamming.

Tensile strength of clayey soil and the strain analysis based on image processing techniques

Tensile strength is one of the most important mechanical parameters controlling the development of cracks in soil. However, it is frequently neglected in conventional geotechnical practice, because its magnitude is small and difficult to measure relative to other soil strength parameters. In this paper, a newly designed direct tensile test apparatus was employed to measure the tensile strength of an unsaturated clayey soil. A digital image acquisition and analysis system was developed for tensile strain analysis with the help of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and Digital Image Correlation (DIC) techniques. Six groups of samples were compacted at a dry density of 1.7 Mg/m3 and different water contents (6.5%, 8.5%, 10.5%, 12.5%, 16.5% and 20.5%). Test results show that the tensile strength characteristic curve (tensile strength versus water content) of the compacted unsaturated soil exhibits mono-peak feature. When water content is relatively low, the tensile strength increases with increasing water content and reaches the maximum value at a critical water content of about 9.3%. Then, it declines with further increase in water content. The evolution of tensile strength with water content depends on both suction and microstructure. Based on plotted tensile load-displacement curves, the tensile failure process can be divided into three typical stages which are: stress increasing stage (I), failure developing stage (II) and post-failure stage (III). It is found that the overall tensile failure process presents different patterns controlled by water content. Generally, the failure developing stage (II) lasts longer and the failure ductility is more pronounced when the sample is compacted at higher water content. Using PIV and DIC techniques, the development of displacement direction and strain concentration during tension can be well captured for appreciation of the soil failure mechanism. Based on the strain concentration information, the tensile fracture location and direction can be pre-determined for soil samples.

Color pattern recognition for yarn‐dyed fabrics

AbstractIn the process of designing and analyzing the yarn‐dyed fabric, the yarn color pattern has an important effect on the appearance of the fabric. An automatic color pattern recognition method for yarn‐dyed fabric is proposed in this study. The proposed method uses the fabric images obtained from a high‐resolution digital camera image acquisition system. The local statistical texture features are used for yarn texture segmentation. The yarn color classification problem is then formulated in a research framework of multiregion fuzzy segmentation, which can be added auxiliary variables and solved efficiently by the fast dual projection algorithm. The color values of the yarn crossing points are calculated by the yarn color classification results. The locations of the yarn crossing points are detected by a lightness gradient projection method. Different kinds of fabrics are tested in the experiments. Experiments on 14 actual fabrics show that the approach proposed in this study is effective for classifying yarn color and extracting the yarn color pattern in yarn‐dyed fabric.

Outcome of universal newborn eye screening with wide-field digital retinal image acquisition system: a pilot study.

PurposeTo evaluate the outcome of universal newborn eye screening with wide-field digital retinal imaging (WFDRI) system.MethodsIn this pilot study, we examined 1152 apparently healthy newborn infants in the obstetrics and gynecology ward of a civil hospital in Eastern India over 1.5 years. The examination included external eye examination, red reflex test and fundus imaging by WFDRI (RetCam II, Clarity medical system, Pleasanton, CA, USA) by a trained optometrist. The pathologies detected, net monetary gain and skilled manpower saved were documented. The results were compared with three similar studies thus far published in the literature.ResultsOcular abnormality of any kind was seen in 172 (14.93%) babies. Retinal hemorrhage in 153 babies (88.9% of all abnormal findings) was the most common abnormality; it was bilateral in 118 (77.12%) babies and 4 babies had foveal hemorrhage. Other abnormalities included vitreous hemorrhage (n=1), congenital glaucoma (n=2), uveal coloboma (n=2), retinopathy mimicking retinopathy of prematurity (n=2), and cystic fovea (n=3). The retinal hemorrhages resolved spontaneously in all eyes. One baby with congenital glaucoma received surgery and the other was treated medically. The benefits included savings in skilled manpower, a net monetary gain of INR 4.195 million (US$ 62,612) and skilled manpower saving by 319.4 h.ConclusionsThe universal neonatal eye screening using WFDRI detected pathologies that needed immediate care or regular follow up; saved skilled manpower with a net monetary gain. But compared to a red reflex test the benefits were marginal in terms of detecting treatment warranting ocular pathologies.

A particle counting system for calculation of bedload fluxes

Channel bed morphology depends on bedload fluxes which are difficult to determine even in controlled laboratory conditions. Particle counting can provide time resolved bedload fluxes. Determination of particle rates by means of digital image processing is computationally expensive and the requirement for optical access is not always met. Weighing methods are limited by short dynamic ranges. To overcome these difficulties this paper presents a prototype of a particle counter device that works by detecting impacts on a sensitive surface. The accuracy of the device is validated, by means of laboratory experiments, contrasting its results against those obtained by means of digital image analysis. This device proved to be capable of measuring bedload fluxes, determining long time series of bedload transport rates, in particles per unit time, with high accuracy and with a much lower computation cost relatively to digital image processing. The device is also able to gather meaningful data in real-time, like particle arrival time-series and real-time lateral bedload distribution. The parameters involved in the detection criterion must be previously set through a heuristic procedure. However, the method itself is direct—it requires no calibration between the acquired signal and bedload transport rates. Particle counts can be transformed in bedload discharges by a simple binning process or by taking finite differences of the cumulative mass function. First and second order moments of bedload discharge are in agreement with the values obtained by direct counting. The low requirement for data storage, allowing for very large data series, the real time analysis capabilities, the low cost of such system when compared with a digital image acquisition system constitute the main advantages of the device for the study of integral scales of bedload and bedload intermittency.

PS2 - 205 Application of Computer-Assisted Diagnostics for Immunohistochemistry Analysis of Gliomas

In the current practice of pathology, the identification of cell markers and their respective distribution represents an indispensable dialogue for diagnostic, predictive, therapeutic, and research purposes. Early immunohistochemical protocols were limited to direct, fluorescent labeled antibodies, yielding quick results but lacking sensitivity. More recently, the use of indirect techniques –utilization of enzyme labels–and various detection systems have continued to advance the complexity of IHC, increasing both its specificity and sensitivity of detecting one or multiple antigen(s) (Ag) simultaneously. As such, IHC has become an affordable, powerful, and readily available means for the identification of candidate biomarkers (mostly lineage markers) in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples. Pathologists are now asked to “quantify” expression levels of differential prognostic markers–at microscopic level–using this arguably “non-quantitative” technique. Conventionally, histological grading relies mainly on manual counting of positively immunostained cells, a labour intensive protocol that may be associated with subjectivity, intra- and inter- observer variation and reproducibility issues. The subjectivity and lack of reproducibility has prompted the use of computer-assisted or fully automated image analysis technologies. Digital image acquisition systems are becoming commonplace and as such, the demand for complex assessments of digital images of histological slides must be matched with quantitative platforms. In this study, we aim to introduce a computer-assisted image-computing platform that is both accurate and efficient in quantification of isolated and heterogeneous candidate biomarkers in glioblastoma.

Development of Simple Digital Image Acquisition System for an Accurate Quantification of Corneal Arcus Formation

Corneal Arcusis a circular ring of lipid secretion that is deposited in the periphery of cornea. This ring is normally found in elderly people (a.k.a.arcus senilis) or even in younger ones suffering from metabolic syndrom (a.k.a.arcus juvenilis). Many researchers have confirmed that the ring have diagnostic values, i.e. as predictor for coronary artery diseases and lipid stratification. Efforts to develop flexible, low-cost, but also an accurate acquisition system will be described. The system is constructed from commercially available plastic welding google, equipped with a Logitec C525 webcam and LEDs lighting system powered though USB cable. Steps of calibration procedures were then implemented, in order to produce the equally-magnified as well as calibrated preprocessed images for further accurate quantifying steps.

Development of a quantitative semi-automated system for intestinal morphology assessment in Atlantic salmon, using image analysis

Abstract Virtual histology, the process of assessing digital images of histological slides, is gaining momentum in modern histopathology and digital image acquisition systems are becoming commonplace. Associated image processing and analysis methods can potentially complement traditional histological assessment methodologies. Image analysis of digitised histological sections, can provide a practical means for quantifying and helping interpretation of functional alterations in an objective and reproducible fashion. This study focused on the development of a practical and time-efficient image capture, processing and analysis pipeline, employing advanced image analysis that was able to identify features of salmon intestine histological sections in a quantitative manner. Through standardisation of the sampling and preparation methodologies, staining protocols and digital capture thresholds and techniques, this assessment system has proven to be an efficient, accurate and objective method, having consistent data outputs when the analysis is performed by different observers with varying levels of expertise in histopathological assessment.

Residual Stress Analysis of Commercial Float Glass Using Digital Photoelasticity

Residual stresses are generated in float glass at the time of manufacturing due to thermal gradients created during the cooling process. The quantification of these residual stresses is important in glass industries as they affect their cutting quality. Photoelasticity can be used for residual stress analysis of glasses, as glass exhibits stress‐induced birefringence. In this study, a methodology involving carrier fringes in conjunction with digital photoelasticity is used to quantify the residual stress in float glass. The results are verified by six‐step phase‐shifting technique (a subset of ten‐step phase‐shifting method) using an automatic polariscope. Finally, to demonstrate the utility of the proposed method, the residual stress is measured in float glasses of different thicknesses. A method for approximate estimation of residual stress which does not require sophisticated digital image acquisition and processing systems is also reported.

Findings of perinatal ocular examination performed on 3573, healthy full-term newborns

ObjectiveTo document the findings of a newborn eye examination programme for detecting ocular pathology in the healthy full-term newborn.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study of the majority of newborns born in...

DICOM Awareness of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiologists in India

DICOM Awareness of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiologists in India

The Study on Digital Imaging Technology of Real-Time Mineral Mixture Gradation Detection on Construction Sites

In order to solve the problems of hysteretic and complex process in detection of mineral mixture, a new digital image acquisition system was designed in this paper that can meet the requirements of real-time detection onsite. It implements the all-weather imaging stably using infrared laser with a linear array digital camera. Through the installation of filters and the selection of the special background material to ensure image quality and reduce the difficulty on image processing. It has been confirmed that the capability of meet the needs of real-time detection to Mineral Mixture Gradation in experiments.