Digital Envelope Research Articles

Implementation of Http Security Protocol for Internet of Things Based on Digital Envelope

The popularity of the Internet of Things (IoT) has been growing in recent years. Low-end or constrained devices are the best IoT device that provides energy efficiency, small size, and mobility support. Unfortunately, connected devices can create security hazards between devices and servers, so ensuring each sender's and receiver's identity is crucial. This research proposes an authentication scheme using the digital envelope method to overcome authentication problems on constrained devices. Encryption is used to secure the data sent by the digital envelope method. The performance achieved is still within tolerance, considering the authentication scheme has succeeded in providing some security services, namely authentication, data confidentiality, data integrity, and non-repudiation.

Intelligent Digital Envelope for Distributed Cloud-Based Big Data Security

Cloud computing offers numerous web-based services. The adoption of many Cloud applications has been hindered by concerns about data security and privacy. Cloud service providers’ access to private information raises more security issues. In addition, Cloud computing is incompatible with several industries, including finance and government. Public-key cryptography is frequently cited as a significant advancement in cryptography. In contrast, the Digital Envelope that will be used combines symmetric and asymmetric methods to secure sensitive data. This study aims to design a Digital Envelope for distributed Cloud-based large data security using public-key cryptography. Through strategic design, the hybrid Envelope model adequately supports enterprises delivering routine customer services via independent multi-sourced entities. Both the Cloud service provider and the consumer benefit from the proposed scheme since it results in more resilient and secure services. The suggested approach employs a secret version of the distributed equation to ensure the highest level of security and confidentiality for large amounts of data. Based on the proposed scheme, a Digital Envelope application is developed which prohibits Cloud service providers from directly accessing insufficient or encrypted data.

Research and Implementation of Credit Investigation Sharing Platform Based on Double Blockchain

As the development of the modern economy is increasingly inseparable from credit support, the traditional credit investigation mode has yet to meet this demand. Because of the difficulties in conventional credit data sharing among credit investigation agencies, poor data portability, and centralized supervision, this paper proposes a data-sharing scheme for credit investigation agencies based on a double blockchain. Given the problems such as difficult data sharing, difficult recovery of damaged data, and accessible data leakage between institutions and users with non-traditional credit investigation data other than credit, this paper proposes a data-sharing scheme for credit investigation subjects based on the digital envelope. Based on the above two solutions, this paper designs a double blockchain credit data-sharing platform based on the “public chain + alliance chain” from credit investigation agencies’ and visiting subjects’ perspectives. The sharing platform uses the alliance chain as the management chain to solve the problem of complex data sharing between credit bureaus and centralized supervision, uses the public chain as the use chain to solve the problem of complex data sharing between the access subject and the credit bureaus, uses the interplanetary file system and digital envelope and other technologies to solve the problem of difficult recovery of damaged data, data leakage, and other issues. After the upload test, the average upload speed reaches 80.6 M/s. The average download speed of the system is 88.7 M/s after the download test. The multi-thread stress test tests the linkage port on the system package, and the average response time for the hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) is 0.6 ms. The system performance and security analysis show that the sharing platform can provide safe and reliable credit-sharing services for organizations and users and high working efficiency.

Picpass Algorithm for Solution of Key Exchange Problem in Symmetric and Asymmetric Key Cryptography

In this dissertation a PicPass algorithm is proposed for the solution of Key Exchange problem using Symmetric and Asymmetric key cryptography. Diffie and Hellman proposed an algorithm for key exchange. But this algorithm suffers from Man-in middle attack. So to overcome this problem Seo proposed another algorithm that uses text password for the agreement between two parties. But again the password suffers from offline dictionary attack. In this, a PicPass Protocol i.e. picture is used as a password to make an agreement between two parties. The protocol contains two function i.e. picture function as well as distortion function is used to make picture in a compact size and then it is sent to receiver. Firstly the sender encrypts the Plain Text using Secret Picture and creates the Cipher Text using Symmetric key cryptography.Then the Secret Picture will be encrypted by covered picture resulting into Encrypted Picture.Now the Cipher Text and Encrypted Picture will be placed into digital envolpe and then the envelope will be send to the receiver. The receiver will receive the digital envelope, open it and then decrypt the Encrypted Picture using his Key Picture. This will result the receiver to get the Secret Picture. Now the receiver will open the Cipher Text using the Secret Picture and get the Plain Text. In between if any person wants to predict the Encrypted Picture then he cannot guess as the picture will only be decrypted using the Secret Key which will be only with the receiver. So in this dissertation, a picture is used as a password to authenticate key exchange is that gives practical solution against offline dictionary attacks only by using both private and public key cryptography.

An Implementation of Picpass Algorithm for the Solution of Key Exchange Problem

In this dissertation a PicPass algorithm is proposed for the solution of Key Exchange problem using Symmetric and Asymmetric key cryptography. Diffie and Hellman proposed an algorithm for key exchange. But this algorithm suffers from Man-in middle attack. So to overcome this problem Seo proposed another algorithm that uses text password for the agreement between two parties. But again the password suffers from offline dictionary attack. In this, a PicPass Protocol i.e. picture is used as a password to make an agreement between two parties. The protocol contains two function i.e. picture function as well as distortion function is used to make picture in a compact size and then it is sent to receiver. Firstly the sender encrypts the Plain Text using Secret Picture and creates the Cipher Text using Symmetric key cryptography. Then the Secret Picture will be encrypted by covered picture resulting into Encrypted Picture. Now the Cipher Text and Encrypted Picture will be placed into digital envelope and then the envelope will be send to the receiver. The receiver will receive the digital envelope, open it and then decrypt the Encrypted Picture using his Key Picture. This will result the receiver to get the Secret Picture. Now the receiver will open the Cipher Text using the Secret Picture and get the Plain Text. In between if any person wants to predict the Encrypted Picture then he cannot guess as the picture will only be decrypted using the Secret Key which will be only with the receiver. So in this dissertation, a picture is used as a password to authenticate key exchange is that gives practical solution against offline dictionary attacks only by using both private and public key cryptography.

Analysis of the Raman spectrum of high-power amplifiers of wireless communication systems

At present, the transfer of information is an integral part of technologies that are actively developing in the framework of the process called the Fourth Industrial Revolution. In this, space-satellite, satellite and other mobile wireless communication systems play an increasingly important role. Almost all of them include multiple access, which means a method of common resource division of the communication channel between subscribers (each mobile station has the ability to use a satellite retransmitter or the base station of a mobile wireless communication system to transmit its signals regardless of the operation of another station). Multiple-access communication systems are used for digital radio and television broadcasting in high-speed communication lines, in wireless local area networks, for data transmission in the microwave range, and also for communication with various mobile partners. In the radio transmitting and receiving paths of communication systems with multiple access, multiple signals are used (the sum of the power of the subscriber signals) with very complex types of digital envelope modulation, so they use wide working bands. With an increase in the quality of information transmission in mobile wireless communication systems, there are special requirements for powerful amplification systems (PAS) of receiving-transmitting tracts, which must have high efficiency and high output power, required bandwidth, network capacity, and linearity of message transmission channels. To achieve maximum efficiency in the PAS, the operating point of its amplifying element should be near the saturation region, on the main nonlinearity of the transfer characteristic. When multiple signals are introduced simultaneously into the PAS, it generates unfiltered intermodulation harmonics (IH). Intermodulation harmonics are formed due to the nonlinearity of the amplitude characteristics and the unevenness of phase-amplitude characteristics and due to the need to work with the highest efficiency of the PAS, which requires a shift of the operating point to the saturation thresholds of their amplifying elements. This, in turn, causes the appearance of IH. Since the harmonic oscillations IH actually represent noise for neighboring communication channels and are not theoretically filtered, an equalizer (otherwise an optimizer) of characteristics, is needed to reduce the level of these interferences in the output (Raman) spectrum of the PAS.

Research on data access control algorithm based on fine-grained cloud storage

In order to ensure the cloud storage security and achieve fine-grained data access control, a new fine-grained data access control algorithm is established based on CP-ABE algorithm. The basic theory of CP-ABE algorithm is studied in depth, and then the fine-grained cloud storage controlling scheme based on digital envelope is put forward. The new scheme construction process is given, and then the corresponding algorithm is designed. Simulation analysis is carried out, results show that the proposed data access control algorithm can effectively improve the searching efficiency of cipher text, and achieve fine-grained access under cloud storage environment.

Data access control algorithm based on fine-grained cloud storage

In order to ensure the cloud storage security and achieve fine-grained data access control, a new fine-grained data access control algorithm is established based on CP-ABE algorithm. The basic theory of CP-ABE algorithm is studied in depth, and then the fine-grained cloud storage controlling scheme based on digital envelope is put forward. The new scheme construction process is given, and then the corresponding algorithm is designed. Simulation analysis is carried out, results show that the proposed data access control algorithm can effectively improve the searching efficiency of cipher text, and achieve fine-grained access under cloud storage environment.

Hyper Elliptical Curve Cryptography (Hecc) For Cloud

This system provides an insight into developing a distributed system which is secure, robust and user friendly. This thesis suggests a design and implementation of a digital envelope that combines the hashing algorithm of MD5, the symmetric key algorithm of AES and the asymmetric key algorithm of Hyper Elliptic Curve. A hybrid algorithm is designed, combining the best of both AES and ECC over GF(p) cryptography. The MD5 hash algorithm is adopted to ensure integrity of the data. Cryptography (HECC). This paper discusses securing the data in clouds through implementing the key for encryption and decryption using hyper elliptical curve cryptography. The focus is on Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), the most commonly used secret key cryptographic algorithm, and Hyper Elliptic Curve Cryptography (HECC), public key cryptographic algorithms which have gained popularity in the recent years and are replacing traditional public key cryptosystems, such as RSA and ECC. Such techniques are necessary in order to use high security cryptographic algorithms in real world applications.

Synchronisation free non‐coherent on–off keying demodulation techniques

Digital envelope detection, self-correlation and high frequency sampling techniques are proposed for high data rate demodulation of on-off keying signals that are widely used in impulse radio ultra-wideband receivers. The proposed designs eliminate the requirement of complex synchronisation circuit architectures and algorithms. The presented circuits are all digital and can be utilised in the baseband synchronisation. The digital envelope detection and self-correlation methods are implemented in 130 nm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology and concepts are verified with measurement results. Post-layout simulation results are given for the high frequency sampling technique. Measurements show that the digital envelope detector demonstrates successful operation up to 600 Mbps data rate with 2.1 mW power consumption. The self-correlator consumes 10 mW with 100 Mbps data rate in the measurements. The post-layout simulations results show that the high frequency sampler can operate at 2 mW with 500 Mbps data rate.

Secure Decision Support System in Medical Cyber Physical Network

Medical Secure Systems (MSSs) are represented by integrating calculation as well as physical processes. The speculations and utilizations of MSSs face the large problems. The main objective of this work is to provide a greater understanding of this emerging multidisciplinary methods. In this work system focusing on the MSS in medical applications, which is called as Medical Secure Systems (MSS). In MSS, different types on data can transfer to the private or public cloud for storage and processing. Over this information, machine learning algorithms can be combined to process that data, which will be further helpful to take a few decisions for healthcare expert. This information can be sensitive and is publically accessible and gave to outsider storage space, so that the difficult problem of security is emerges. To providing the security, in this paper we applied cryptographic method, for example, AES to encrypt the data before store on cloud servers. After this, to enhance the further security, system will utilize the idea of digital envelope. In this concept, information encryption AES key is again determined by utilizing ECC encryption key. Again to reduce the key management overhead, framework makes utilization of Key Distribution center (KDC), which can generate and deal with the keys for all users. At the last experimental results presented that, this MSS framework is more secure than existing one and it is additionally reduces the key management overhead. Also system gets less time and memory for implementing the system.

Bearing Fault Diagnosis Method Based on Hilbert Envelope Demodulation Analysis

A digital envelope analysis method based on Hilbert transform is proposed to solve the problems of bearing fault signals such as non-stationary, faintness and non-linearity. This method firstly compares the power spectrums between the fault signal and the normal signal. In order to improve the signal-to-noise ratio, a frequency band with a large difference between the two power spectrums is selected. Secondly, the frequency band is used to remove the high frequency carrier and retain the low frequency part which contains fault information only. In order to avoid the wrapping effect in the circular convolution, the tail of the frequency band is filled with zero to double its length. Then the inverse Fourier transform and the Fourier transform are applied to the transformed signal. Finally, the fault diagnosis is made for its envelope spectrum. This method is applied to the bearing fault signal of case Western Reserve University in the United States. The results show that this method can diagnose the fault type and fault location well and has high sensitivity.

Privacy Protection Model Based on Digital Envelope and Dummies for Location-Based Services.

Privacy Protection Model Based on Digital Envelope and Dummies for Location-Based Services.

Digital Envelope Detection: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly [Tips and Tricks

During a recent consulting job to analyze acoustic telemetry signals transmitted by a deep-sea drill pipe, I was forced to investigate a process called digital envelope detection. This process is used to estimate the instantaneous magnitude of a zero-mean fluctuating-amplitude digital signal. While much tutorial information regarding envelope detection is available, that information is spread out over a number of communications textbooks and many websites. The purpose of this article is to collect and describe various digital envelope detection methods in one concise and consistent lesson.

Efficient Deniably Authenticated Encryption and Its Application to E-Mail

Confidentiality and authentication are two main security goals in secure electronic mail (e-mail). Pretty good privacy (PGP) and secure/multipurpose internet mail extensions (S/MIME) are two famous secure e-mail solutions. Both PGP and S/MIME use digital envelope to provide message confidentiality and digital signature to provide message authentication. However, these methods have the following two weaknesses: 1) digital signature provides non-repudiation evidence of sender that is not desired in some e-mail applications and 2) efficiency is low, since these methods use two kinds of public key cryptographic primitives: public key encryption and digital signature. To overcome the above two weaknesses, we introduce a new concept called deniably authenticated encryption that can achieve confidentiality, integrity, and deniable authentication in a logical single step. We first propose a deniably authenticated encryption scheme and prove its security in the random oracle model. Then, we design a secure e-mail protocol using the proposed deniably authenticated encryption scheme. The deniable authentication property protects senders’ privacy.

A 7.6 mW 2 Gb/s Proximity Transmitter for Smartphone-Mirrored Display Applications

This paper describes a high data rate proximity transmitter design for high resolution smartphone-mirrored display applications. A 2 Gb/s transmitter is designed with a low transmission power of –70 ㏈m/㎒ and a wide bandwidth of nearly 3 ㎓. A digital pre-correction method is employed in the transmitter to mitigate the inter-symbol interference problem. A carrier-based digital pulse shaping and a reconfigurable digital envelope generation methods are employed for robust operation by utilizing 20 phases from a 2 ㎓ phase-locked loop. A 6.5-9.5 ㎓ transmitter implemented in 65 ㎚ CMOS achieves the maximum data rate of 2 Gb/s, consuming only 7.6 ㎽ from a 1 V supply.

Artificial Neural Networks and Chaos Dynamics for Radiation Signal Encryption

Governments are interested in radiation signal encryption in projects relating to international safeguards; however, the available algorithms do not suitably address the challenges presented by the increasing computational capability of various actors, which require recent encryption algorithms to be more robust against attack algorithms. Therefore, an algorithmic approach for performing radiation signal encryption employing the nonlinear capabilities of artificial neural networks with the noise-like properties of chaotic systems is proposed herein. The radiation signal digital envelope consists of the encrypted signal such as may be found through gamma spectroscopy, the secret key for the encryption, and the associated hash value. The presented algorithmic approach demonstrates, in an orderly manner, an integrated method for computing this radiation signal digital envelope. Indispensable constituents of encryption include both the construction of a time series with chaotic characteristics and the incorporation of a hash function generator to satisfy the security requirements of confidentiality, authentication, and nonrepudiation. The methodology is demonstrated via the encryption and subsequent decryption of two frequently occurring radiation signals, namely, gamma spectroscopy signals from 60Co and 137Cs. The results obtained demonstrate the capability of the algorithmic approach to integrate artificial neural networks and chaos dynamics to produce the radiation signal digital envelope (for given security requirements).

Policy for Secure Communication using Hybrid Encryption Algorithm

Secure communication in network environment is primary requirement to access remote resources in a controlled and efficient way. For validation and authentication in e-banking and ecommerce transactions, digital signatures using public key cryptography is extensively employed. To maintain confidentiality, Digital Envelope, which is the combination of the encrypted message and signature with the encrypted symmetric key, is also used. This research paper has proposed to develop a hybrid technique using Symmetric & Asymmetric key cryptography. It will also include Message authentication code to maintain integrity of message. Therefore, proposed model will not only help to maintain confidentiality and authentication of message and user but integrity of data too. Java technology has been proposed to validate the performance of proposed model in context of message length, key length, cipher text length and computational time for encryption and decryption.

An Improved End to End System for Sharing and Managing Data in Cloud Storage

Cloud Computing is one of the emerging area in modern times. It is providing excellent facilities due to its adaptable infrastructure and features, but the issues related to trust management and security are key challenges in various applications. Whenever data or information is shared or transmitted from one host to another in cloud storage there is a need for security and trust assurances to prevent data from unauthorized hosts. In this article we present a survey which addresses the various challenges of cloud storage along with the different trust computation models to identify important research issues in the hotfoot growing area of computer technology. In order to resolve those issues the proposed methodology incorporates the trust evaluation and Digital Envelope techniques for preserving data against the un-trusted hosts and networks.

Secure Communication using RSA Algorithm for Network Environment

Secure communication in network environment is primary requirement to access remote resources in a controlled and efficient way. For validation and authentication in e-banking and e-commerce transactions, digital signatures using public key cryptography is extensively employed. To maintain confidentiality, Digital Envelope, which is the combination of the encrypted message and signature with the encrypted symmetric key, is also used. This research paper has proposed to develop a hybrid technique using Symmetric & Asymmetric key cryptography. It will also include Message authentication code to maintain integrity of message. Therefore, proposed model will not only help to maintain confidentiality and authentication of message and user but integrity of data too. Java technology has been proposed to validate the performance of proposed model in context of message length, key length, cipher text length and computational time for encryption and decryption.