Digital Design Process Research Articles

A New Music Instrument from Ancient Times: Modern Reconstruction of the Greek Lyre of Hermes using 3D Laser Scanning, Advanced Computer Aided Design and Audio Analysis

The current paper proposes a unique approach by examining the ancient Greek literature and antique black figure amphorae’s representations (also known as melanomorpha) for the reconstruction, after digital design processing, of a modern top-quality replica of an ancient tortoise lyre. Through the review of certain ancient Greek documents, the observation of the amphorae’s relevant representations, 3D scanning and reverse engineering as well as 3D design using advanced Computer Aided Design (CAD) software, this study illustrates the detailed drawings and the fabrication procedures followed for a modern version of the ancient musical instrument. By using only materials available in antiquity such as specific kinds of wood, tortoise carcasses and sheep strings, as well as modern carpentry technology, a high-quality musical instrument was produced suited for use by today’s professional musicians. Two variations were produced and tested utilizing the Phrygian and Lydian ancient Greek music scales in a specialized unechoic chamber, in order to define their sound properties. Typical statistics were computed in the frequency domain such as spectral centroid, spectral standard deviation, spectral skewness, spectral kurtosis along with spectral rolloff and spectral smoothness in order to justify the lyres’ quality as musical instruments. The result was a prototype music product using advanced 3D design procedures that can be produced in a rather repeatable manner.

The machine for living in the conversational age

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate possibilities for a more intersubjective digital design process that amplifies the potential for novelty to arise. Design/methodology/approach – First the author will explore the metaphorical concept of the house as a machine in two different contexts, the industrial age, and conversational age, discussing how each concept can generate variety in the built environment. Second, the author presents some examples of conversational customization in architecture along with the Woka, an ongoing research project that attempts to create a more conversational design process. Finally, the author will discuss the possibility of conversational customization in design as a possible solution to a more open and intersubjective process in design. Findings – The author finds that a possible way to reach a true paradigm shift in the process of production of architectural space is to use conversation as a design approach, from design to use, shifting the focus from the o...

A Web-Based Visualization and Animation Platform for Digital Logic Design

This paper presents a web-based education platform for the visualization and animation of the digital logic design process. This includes the design of combinatorial circuits using logic gates, multiplexers, decoders, and look-up-tables as well as the design of finite state machines. Various configurations of finite state machines can be selected to define the machine type, the state code, and the flip-flop type. Logic minimization with the K-map approach and the Quine McCluskey scheme is also supported. The tools, denoted as DLD-VISU, help students practice related topics in digital logic design courses. Also, instructors can use the tools to efficiently generate and verify examples for lecture notes or for homework problems and assignments. DLD-VISU was designed relying on a thorough investigation of related pedagogical aspects to define appropriate interactive graphical processes. The decision for a web-based solution, on the one hand, was motivated by making the tools available, portable, expandable, and at the same time transparent to the user. On the other hand, the advocated approach enables instructors to define access rules for their students to assure that students cannot use the tools to solve assessed homework problems or assignments before submission deadline. DLD-VISU supports self-assessment and reflects the student learning process using learning curves. The proposed platform was evaluated both in form of students' feedback as well as by analyzing the impact of using the tools on students' performance.

Virtual to Physical: Integration of Design Computing and Digital Fabrication in Architectural Pedagogy

This study examines the significance of digital fabrication of scaled physical models in the digital design process and highlights the integration of design computing and digital fabrication in architectural education. Advances in CAD/CAM technologies have increasingly influenced building design and construction practices by allowing the production of complex forms that were once difficult to design and construct using traditional technologies. At the advent of digital architecture, schools of architecture introduced digital technologies to their curriculum, focusing more on design computing than digital fabrication, preventing students from completely mastering digital technologies. The significance of digital fabrication for scaled physical models as a design media within the digital design loop is discussed. Two case studies of leading schools of architecture that are successful in building the bridge between both areas are given. These focus on the curricular structure to integrate both areas within design studios. Finally, a curricular structure offering students a balanced approach to these areas of knowledge is proposed based on what was learned from these case studies.

Digital jacquard design

Acknowledgments and Abbreviations Introduction Part One: The Designer's Skill Set Visual Analysis: Identifying Contrasts Sample Analysis and Documentation: Structure and Design Weave Drafting Methods: Recording, Designing and Reading Weaves Part Two: Technology, Process, Technique Weave-patterning Technology in the Digital Era Design Process and Terminology, from Sketch to Card Figuring Techniques Part Three: Woven Structure, Design and the Jacquard Medium Weave Glossary, Choosing and Building Weaves, Evaluating Weaves Which Comes First: Technique or Design? Case Studies Notes Bibliography Contributors Photography and Illustrations Index

Agent-Based Modelling of Emotional Goals in Digital Media Design Projects

The authors promote agent-oriented models to identify, represent and evaluate high-level abstractions of digital media design projects. A major aspect is the introduction of emotional goals, in addition to functional goals and quality goals to describe feelings such as having fun, being engaged and feeling cared for. To establish emotional goals, digital media design methods and processes were employed including the development of emotional scripts, user profiles, mood boards and following an iterative participatory design process. This approach proved to be highly successful, not only to represent emotional goals such as fun, tension and empathy, but also to facilitate the ideation, creation and progressive evaluation of projects. The process supports communication between designers, developers and other stakeholders in large multidisciplinary development teams by providing a shared language and common artefact. The process is demonstrated in the development of a Multiplayer Online Role Play Game (MORPG) called Aspergion that promotes respect for people with Asperger's Syndrome.

Data Reshaped: Literalism in the Age of Digital Design and Architectural Fabrication

This essay examines the recent shift in the perception of literalism in architecture as a result of the advent of digital media and the emergence of digital design processes. Whereas pre-digital literalism in art and architecture focused on the object and on space respectively, digital literalism is based on data transliteration and the design processes themselves. Referring to theoretical discourses that frame literal expressions as non-representational, non-metaphorical and non-analogical utterances, the essay delves into the ways in which data-based expressions become literal. The ability to digitally transliterate data and have it articulated in several (virtual or physical) media enables the creation of multiple expressions of the same data that are literal with respect to each other. The essay outlines these transformations and argues that they reflect significant changes in architectural design processes and their literalisation.

Data Reshaped: Literalism in the Age of Digital Design and Architectural Fabrication

This essay examines the recent shift in the perception of literalism in architecture as a result of the advent of digital media and the emergence of digital design processes. Whereas pre-digital literalism in art and architecture focused on the object and on space respectively, digital literalism is based on data transliteration and the design processes themselves. Referring to theoretical discourses that frame literal expressions as non-representational, non-metaphorical and non-analogical utterances, the essay delves into the ways in which data-based expressions become literal. The ability to digitally transliterate data and have it articulated in several (virtual or physical) media enables the creation of multiple expressions of the same data that are literal with respect to each other. The essay outlines these transformations and argues that they reflect significant changes in architectural design processes and their literalisation.

People as place-making coordinate: A methodology for visualizing personal spaces

The present research introduces the Activity Counter Maps (ACM) as a methodology for visualizing people's social spaces, arguing that accurate representations of these spaces are crucial for understanding the role of human activity as a place-making coordinate. The ACM were tested in two case studies conducted in Ueno Park (Tokyo). The first case study is focused on the visualization of the intensity of activity in the totality of the park. The second case study is focused in two sub-places of the park, generating representations of people's personal spaces combined into a three-dimensional “Common social space”. The research concludes with the analysis of the generated visualizations and their potential for incorporating place-variables into the digital design process.

Effect of CNC-milling on the marginal and internal fit of dental ceramics: A pilot study

ObjectivesMachined restorations have been investigated for their preciseness before, while detailed information on the milling-step itself are lacking. Therefore, the aim of this laboratory study was to quantify the effect of a novel milling-procedure on the marginal and internal fit of ceramic restorations. MethodsAn acrylic model of a lower left first molar was prepared to receive a ceramic partial crown and was duplicated by one step dual viscosity impressions. Gypsum casts were formed and laser-scanned to realize virtual datasets, before restorations were designed, exported (PRE) and machined from lithium disilicate blanks. Crowns were digitized by a structure-light-scanner to obtain post-milling-data (POST). PRE and POST were virtually superimposed on the reference tooth and subjected to computer-aided-inspection. Visual fit-discrepancies were displayed with colors, while root mean square deviations (RMSD) and degrees of similarity (DS) were computed and analysed by t-tests for paired samples (n=5, α=0.05). ResultsThe milling procedure resulted in a small increase of the marginal and internal fit discrepancies (RMSD mean: 3μm and 6μm, respectively). RMSD differences were not statistically significant (p=0.495 and p=0.160 for marginal and internal fit, respectively). These results were supported by the DS data. SignificanceThe products of digital dental workflows are prone to imprecisions. However, the present findings suggest that differences between computer-aided designed and actually milled restorations are small, especially when compared to typical fit discrepancies observed clinically. Imprecisions introduced by digital design or production processes are small.

Fast optimization of nano-CMOS voltage-controlled oscillator using polynomial regression and genetic algorithm

Fast optimization of CMOS circuits is needed to reduce design cycle time and chip cost and to enhance yield. Mature electronic design automation (EDA) tools and well-defined abstraction-levels for digital circuits have largely automated the digital design process. However, analog circuit design and optimization is still not automated. Custom design of analog circuits and slow analog in SPICE has always needed maximum efforts, skills and design cycle time. In this paper, two novel design flows are presented for fast multiobjective optimization of nano-CMOS circuits: actual-value optimization and normalized-value optimization. The design flows consider two characteristics for optimization i.e. power and frequency in a current-starved 50nm voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO). Accurate polynomial-regression based models have been developed for power (including leakage) and frequency of the VCO to speedup the design optimization. In the actual-value optimization flow, the power model is minimized using genetic algorithm, while treating frequency ≥100MHz as a constraint. The actual-value optimization flow achieved 21.67% power savings, while maintaining a frequency ≥100MHz. In the normalized-value optimization flow, the normalized form of these models are subjected to a weighted optimization using genetic algorithm. The normalized-value optimization flow achieved 16.67% power savings, with frequency ≥100MHz. It is observed that while the actual-value optimization approach provides a better exploration of the design space, the normalized-value optimization approach provides a ≈5× speedup in the computation time.

Digital Design Process and Additive Manufacturing of a Configurable Product

Digital Design Process and Additive Manufacturing of a Configurable Product

Undrawable Architecture: Heritage Buildings and Digital Tectonic

AbstractTraditionally architecture in Asia was not graphically represented or formalised, and relied on received knowledge being passed down from generation to generation. Stylianos Dritsas and Kang Shua Yeo describe the Heritage Buildings and Digital Tectonic research project they have been undertaking at Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD) , exploring the potential of a start‐to‐end digital design process for historical building conservation.

Digital design and manufacturing process comparison for new custom made product family – a case study of a bathroom faucet

The demand to fulfil a wider range of customer requirements is increasing constantly as well as the need for the customizable production tools. At the same time, the product life cycle as well as the lead time for product development shortens. To respond these changing needs, digital product development enables faster development of complex products but challenges the communication and the data management. Digital design methods and manufacturing processes enable this development and decrease the need for expensive prototyping. In this research, digital design and manufacturing process means such a process where design and manufacturing can be done even over long distances between physical location of designers and the production line. An empirical case study of a configurable bathroom faucet was performed. The digital design for manufacturing using sand casting and laser additive manufacturing as alternative digital manu- facturing technologies were researched in this study as possible methods for manufacturing these configurable products.

A Study on Design Trend of Next Generation Korean Electric Boat

The design trend of leisure boat has been developed through interrelation of maritime culture and ships. We studied the design trend of leisure boat of several countries with advanced maritime culture and proposed digital design process of electric boat exterior that could reflect sensibilities of Korean customers. The result could be useful to domestic small and medium-scale shipbuilders currently face global financial recession and new challenge to focus on development of eco-friendly leisure ships.

Simply complex, toward a new kind of building

The world around us is evolving. We are living inside evolution. As a practicing architect I find nothing more natural than to look around me and implement relevant changes into my own profession. Taking this seriously means implementing new digital technologies in the very fabric of design methods, from the first conceptual thought and from the first accurately described design proposal. Mass production is soon to be overhauled by the principles of customization, in the form of both industrial mass customization and in the form of distributed small scale household fabrication. Customization, which is the modern made to measure, will change architecture from its very foundations. A completely new esthetic will be the natural outcome of the digital parametric design process that connects the file to factory CNC production methods— a new kind of beauty for a new kind of building. Complexity based on simple rules characterizes the dramatic paradigm shift from mass production to customization. The new kind of building is complex yet systemic in its design method. The new kind of building dramatically enhances the potential of today's architectural expression while keeping strict control on its data, including costs. Truly nonstandard architecture is cost-effective and simply complex.

Digital Design and Numerical Control Processing of Deflection Yoke Based on Top-Down

In this paper, it introduces the design processing and implementation method of digital technology based on Top-down, analysis the advantages of the method using Top-down in the product design. To deflection yoke for example, completed digital design and assembly of the deflection yoke based on Top-down, and completed the NC processing by using numerical control machine tool

Carathéodory–Toeplitz based mathematical methods and their algorithmic applications in biometric image processing

In this paper the application of bounded series theory due to Carathéodory and Toeplitz is explored to study Brune positive real rational function (PRF). The main goal is to find the necessary and sufficient conditions for PRF coefficients. The introduced algorithms and assertions present an appropriate mathematical model derived from the developed analytical functions. The suggested solution is based on the results of Carathéodory, Toeplitz, Schur and their achievements at the beginning of the twentieth century. Toeplitz matrix lowest eigenvalues are constructed by the coefficients of the bounded power series representing Carathéodory function to establish a new simple and general algorithm for testing the nonnegativeness of real rational functions. The achieved results have shown engineering interests in two different areas of research: the electrical and mechanical circuit theory from one side and the image analysis and processing from the other side. The involvement in these methods has recently drawn the attention of researchers due to the increasing demand for simple methods of electrical and mechanical network synthesis. The author has proved the reasonability of Carathéodory–Toeplitz theory and modified it for using in other new areas of research. The most important achievements that describe relevant applications in such fields as digital filter design, speech signal and object image processing are discussed in the paper. Examples are introduced to illustrate these applications with emphasis on biometrics.

A Study on the Utilization of Digital Design by Three Dimensional Modeling

In space design or form design step, recognized necessity of digital design practical use. Also, deduced systematized analysis method that can use various function of CAD system actively. These method can promote the practical use because third dimensional digital design escapes plan and design process in concept that get presentation result after is completed, establishes role of effective and systematic digital design at planning and design of space or form. This uses by a design tool that ease designer's judgment and space and form analysis in architectural planning and design process that third dimension digital design is not part by a simplicity design tool. Share and takes advantage of digital design process method that is deduced in this study, need continuance of connection study for more effective and systematic digital design methodology deduction. Need public ownership of teaching material development and teaching method that can deliver extended third dimension digital design process.

An Interaction form Generation Tool: EduDesign

This paper investigates contributions of customized and simplified generative design tools on the development of novice architects‟ abilities of accelerating their interactions with digital tools and adapting new digital design processes with them. For this purpose, a plugin, called as EduDesign and including various form generations and instructional practices based basic design education, have been developed by scripts of 3D software. Its potentials tested and enriched by different student groups experiences in KBU and ITU. According to the obtained results, positive and negative influences of the plugin are evaluated.