Digital Analysis Research Articles

Predicting the Views of TED Talks using Machine Learning Model

A forecast of such accuracy would have significant implications in this respect for content creators, marketers, and researchers alike. The paper questions whether machine learning models can predict the views that any certain TED Talks receive with a dataset containing features on the duration of the talks, characteristics of the speaker, the date of publication, metrics indicating audience engagement, and so on. In this work, we employ techniques of multiple regression, decision trees, and ensemble methods to identify empirically which factors have the most influence and to come up with the best models for the prediction. Indeed, the results obtained easily indicate that the ensemble models-especially Random Forest and Gradient Boosting- perform way above the rest. These features help to emphasize the fact that machine learning will help guide a content strategy to better reach audiences and give insight into a deeper understanding of how digital content is consumed. Keywords: TED Talks, machine learning, predictive modeling, view prediction, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, digital content analysis, audience engagement.

A cross country analysis of financial development, trade openness, population and digitalization’s impact on sustainable development

This study employs the Standard Error Estimation technique to investigate the connections between the digitalization of economy, population, trade openness, financial development, and sustainable development across 127 countries from 1990 to 2019. The findings revealed associations between financial development, population growth, trade openness, economic growth, Digitalization development, foreign direct investment (FDI), and sustainable development. Financial development negatively impacts sustainable development, suggesting that countries with advanced financial systems may struggle to maintain sustainability. Trade openness exhibits a negative association with sustainable development, implying that countries with open trade policies may face challenges in maintaining sustainability, possibly due to heightened competition or resource exploitation. These findings highlight the multifaceted relationship between economic factors and sustainable development, underscoring the importance of comprehensive policies and governance mechanisms in fostering sustainability amidst global economic dynamics.

Digital analysis of the human maxilla to enable semistandardized template tool reconstructions with free fibula transplants

ObjectivesThis study analyzed the human maxilla to support the development of mean-value-based cutting guide systems for maxillary reconstruction, bridging the gap between freehand techniques and virtual surgical planning (VSP).Materials and methodsThis retrospective cohort study used routine CT scans. DICOM data enabled 3D modelling and the maxilla was divided into four regions: paranasal (R1), facial maxillary sinus wall (R2), zygomatic bone (R3) and alveolar process (R4). Surface comparisons were made with a reference skull. Statistical analyses assessed anatomical variations, focusing on mean distance (Dmean), area of valid distance (AVD), integrated distance (ID) and integrated absolute distance (IAD). The study addressed hemimaxillectomy defects for two-segmental reconstructions using seven defined bilateral points to determine segmental distances and angles.ResultsData from 50 patients showed R2 as the most homogeneous and R4 as the most heterogeneous region. Significant age and gender differences were found in R3 and R4, with younger patients and females having more outliers. Cluster analysis indicated that males had R1 and R3 positioned anterior to the reference skull. The mean angle for segmental reconstruction was 131.24° ± 1.29°, with anterior segment length of 30.71 ± 0.57 mm and posterior length of 28.15 ± 0.86 mm.ConclusionsAnatomical analysis supported the development of semistandardized segmental resection approaches. Although gender and anatomical differences were noted, they did not significantly impact the feasibility of mean-value-based cutting-guide systems.Clinical relevanceThis study provides essential anatomical data for creating cost-effective and efficient reconstruction options for maxillary defects, potentially improving surgical outcomes and expanding reconstructive possibilities beyond current techniques.

Digital analysis of fabrication accuracy and fit in additively and subtractively manufactured implant-supported fixed complete dentures

ObjectivesTo digitally evaluate the trueness and fit of additively and subtractively manufactured fixed complete dentures in materials intended for definitive use. MethodsAn edentulous maxillary model with implants at the left first molar, left canine, right canine, and right first molar site was digitized and a fixed complete denture was designed. This design was used to fabricate fixed dentures in an additively manufactured resin for definitive use (AM), a high-impact polymer composite (SM-CR), and a strength gradient zirconia (SM-ZR) (n = 10). Each fixed denture was digitized and the surface (overall, occlusal, except occlusal, and abutments), linear, and interimplant distance deviations were analyzed. The fit was assessed with the triple-scan protocol. Data were analyzed with Welch analysis of variance and Games-Howell tests (α = 0.05). ResultsSM-ZR led to lower overall deviations than AM, which had the highest occlusal and the lowest abutments deviations (P ≤ 0.007). SM-ZR had the lowest occlusal and SM-CR had the highest except occlusal deviations (P ≤ 0.002). AM mostly had higher linear and SM-CR mostly had higher interimplant distance deviations (P ≤ 0.043). AM led to the highest marginal gap at the left canine site, while SM-CR had the highest and SM-ZR had the lowest gaps at the right canine site (P ≤ 0.022). ConclusionsSM-ZR dentures mostly had trueness and marginal fit similar to or better than the other groups. Tested fixed complete dentures were mostly smaller than the design file in terms of interimplant distances.

Temporal Shoreline Changes From 1984 to 2022 Along Beymelek Beach and Beymelek Lagoon, Antalya, Türkiye

Coastal zones are important transition zones between land and sea, and the shoreline is subject to dynamic change on both spatial and temporal scales. Accurate measurement and modelling of the shoreline is therefore essential for coastal sustainability and coastal zone management. In this study, the shoreline change of Beymelek Beach and Beymelek Lagoon was analyzed over both short and long periods by using End Point Rate (EPR), Net Shoreline Movement (NSM) and Linear Regression Rate (LRR) statistics from the Digital Shoreline Analyses System (DSAS) tool. The long-term shoreline statistics of the Beymelek Beach indicates that the maximum shoreline accretion was 128.4 m for NSM and 4.3 m/yr for EPR, while the maximum shoreline erosion was -62.6 m for NSM, and -1.8 m/yr for LRR in 1984 and 2022. The maximum shoreline erosion rate of Beymelek Lagoon was -148.5 m for NSM and the maximum shoreline accretion was 5.3 m for NSM between 1984 and 2022. As a result, Beymelek Beach and Beymelek Lagoon have experienced significant shoreline changes over both short and long time periods. Therefore, determining the shoreline change in the study area is crucial for making efficient decisions about the coastal zone and contributing to its sustainability.

COMPARISON OF FREEWAY SPACE DISTANCE OF WILLIS METHOD WITH DIGITAL PHOTO ANALYSIS METHOD IN BANJAR TRIBE

Background: The face's vertical dimension or vertical height is the distance between two anatomical points, namely the points on the maxilla and mandible. In measuring the vertical dimension, vertical dimensions of rest (DVR) and vertical dimensions of occlusion (DVO) must be measured. The difference between the vertical dimension of rest (DVR) and the vertical dimension of occlusion (DVO) is called the freeway space (FWS) or interocclusal distance. Freeway space is a key requirement for optimal comfort and function of a partial or complete denture. Each individual's freeway space distance is the movement of muscle function, which can be measured by direct methods such as the Willis method using calipers and the digital photo analysis method using computer software. Two measurement methods can be used to measure freeway space distance direct and indirect. Purpose: To analyze the difference between freeway space distance measured by the Willis method and by digital photo analysis of Adobe Photoshop and Corel Draw graphic design software in the Banjar tribe (a review of students at the Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat Banjarmasin). Methods: This study is a quantitative study with an analytic observational method and a cross-sectional approach. This study was conducted by collecting data simultaneously at one time by comparing three different methods on the same sample without being given any treatment. Results: One Way ANOVA test is 0.296 (P>0.05) which means there is no significant difference. Conclusion: There is no significant difference between the results of measuring freeway space distance using the Willis method with a digital caliper and digital photo analysis with Adobe Photoshop and Corel Draw software.

Application of digital workflow and technologies in clinical paediatric dentistry: a scoping review.

The purpose of the present scoping review is to map the literature reporting on the application of digital workflows and digital technologies in the diagnosis, treatment, or management of dental conditions in paediatric patients. Furthermore, the review focuses on identifying possible knowledge gaps in the area and developing specific recommendations for future investigations. An electronic search was performed on 3 databases up to July 2023. After the authors independently screened the retrieved articles, they extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias using the JBI (The Joanna Briggs Institute) critical appraisal tools and the Cochrane Risk of Bias 1 tool, depending on the study design assessed. After full-text assessment, 58 studies were identified that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results were divided into two groups according to the study design: 36 were research articles, and 22 were case reports; only the research articles were included in the qualitative synthesis. The most common topic was Scanners/3d digital model analysis (11 articles), followed by Digital Imaging (8 articles). Digital applications were also a popular topic, and tele-dentistry and artificial intelligence were also present in the included studies. Studies investigating the use of digital workflows and digital technologies in the diagnosis, treatment or management of dental conditions in paediatric dentistry are lacking. In general, future investigations should be based on higher quality studies; furthermore, the lack of studies on the clinical validation of digitally fabricated orthodontic devices and restorations in paediatric patients provides insights for future research.

Bringing the queen mother of the west to life: Digital reconstruction and analysis of Taoist Celestial Beings Worshiping mural’s apparel

Abstract Painted during the Yuan Dynasty, Taoist Celestial Beings Worshiping is a Taoist propaganda painting. It is one of the largest surviving ancient murals worldwide, featuring a variety of images of these beings dressed in costumes that vividly illustrate the blend of religious and artistic values in Chinese culture. To record and present the mural more intuitively and improve the study of Taoist Celestial Beings Worshiping, this article takes the example of five goddesses centered Queen Mother of the West in the mural and analyzes the styles, structures, colors, and patterns of the costumes from the perspective of costume engineering. Human models are established and the costumes at multiple levels are reconstruction by means of 3D virtual simulation technology. The display images are accompanied by QR codes, which can be scanned to view the 3D model. Finally, the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process was used to comprehensively evaluate the reconstruction effect of clothing, and the result was “good.” The resulting digital figure can realize the “revitalization of cultural relics” and provides a new perspective for the digital exhibition of murals, which is conducive to the development of digital tourism and promotes the development of traditional culture.

Single molecule measurements of microRNAs in the serum of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

microRNAs (miRNAs) were recognized as a promising source of diagnostic biomarker. Herein, we aim to evaluate the performance of an ultrasensitive method for detecting serum miRNAs using single molecule arrays (Simoa). In this study, candidate miRNAs were trained and tested by RT-qPCR in a cohort of PTB patients. Besides that, ultrasensitive serum miRNA detection were developed using the Single Molecule Array (Simoa) platform. In this ultra-sensitive sandwich assay, two target-specific LNA-modified oligonucleotide probes can be simply designed to be complementary to the half-sequence of the target miRNA respectively. We characterized its analytical performance and measured miRNAs in the serum of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and healthy individuals. We identified a five signature including three upregulated (miR-101, miR-196b, miR-29a) and two downregulated (miR-320b, miR-99b) miRNAs for distinguishing PTB patients from HCs, and validated in our 104 PTB patients. On the basis of Simoa technology, we developed a novel, fully automated digital analyser, which can be used to directly detect miRNAs in serum samples without pre-amplification. We successfully detected miRNAs at femtomolar concentrations (with limits of detection [LODs] ranging from 0.449 to 1.889 fM). Simoa-determined serum miR-29a and miR-99b concentrations in patients with PTB ((median 6.06 fM [range 0.00-75.22]), (median 2.53 fM [range 0.00-24.95]), respectively) were significantly higher than those in HCs ((median 2.42 fM [range 0.00-28.64]) (P < 0.05), (median 0.54 fM [range 0.00-9.12] (P < 0.0001), respectively). Serum levels of miR-320b were significantly reduced in patients with PTB (median 2.11 fM [range 0.00-39.30]) compared with those in the HCs (median 4.76 fM [range 0.00-25.10]) (P < 0.001). A combination of three miRNAs (miR-29a, miR-99b, and miR-320b) exhibited a good capacity to distinguish PTB from HCs, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.818 (sensitivity: 83.9%; specificity: 79.7%). This study benchmarks the role of Simoa as a promising tool for monitoring miRNAs in serum and offers considerable potential as a non-invasive platform for the early diagnosis of PTB.

The possibilities of the Teams information system in creating a digital footprint of first-year students

The article examines in detail the problem of assessing the involvement of first-year students in the educational process and the degree of assimilation of knowledge using digital technologies that make it possible to obtain a student’s digital footprint. The purpose of the article is to present the technology for obtaining digital footprint data when teaching first-year students at Yaroslavl State Technical University in the discipline “Information Systems Architecture” in the MS Teams environment and to show options for performing digital footprint analysis. Methodology. The formation of digital footprint data was carried out in the process of lecture surveys, work on laboratory assignments and passing an exam. To obtain a digital footprint, information systems MS Teams, MS Excel, MS Forms were used. Data obtained in the MS Teams environment was subjected to pre-processing, cleaning, merging tables, and adding (deleting) attributes. The generated tables were analyzed using classification and cluster analysis to search for non-trivial knowledge. Cluster analysis allows us to identify groups of students who successfully complete lecture and exam testing and those who have difficulties completing test tasks. The analysis allows us to identify the level of complexity of tasks and allows for their adjustment. A comparison of the success of completing tasks during the lecture course and in the exam gives an idea of the students’ ability to prepare for participation in testing and the ability to memorize large volumes of complex scientific and technical information.

CDKN2A somatic copy number amplification in normal tissues surrounding gastric carcinoma reduces cancer metastasis risk in droplet digital PCR analysis.

The CDKN2A gene is frequently affected by somatic copy number variations (SCNVs, including deletions and amplifications [SCNdel and SCNamp]) in the cancer genome. Using surgical gastric margin tissue samples (SMs) as the diploid reference in SCNV analysis via CDKN2A/P16-specific real-time PCR (P16-Light), we previously reported that the CDKN2A SCNdel was associated with a high risk of metastasis of gastric carcinoma (GC). However, the status of CDKN2A SCNVs in SMs and their clinical significance have not been reported. Peripheral white blood cell (WBC) and frozen GC and SM tissue samples were collected from patients (n = 80). Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) was used to determine the copy number (CN) of the CDKN2A gene in tissue samples using paired WBCs as the diploid reference. A novel P16-ddPCR system was initially established with a minimal proportion (or limit, 10%) of the detection of CDKN2A CN alterations. While CDKN2A SCNamp events were detected in both SMs and GCs, fewer CDKN2A SCNdel events were detected in SMs than in GCs (15.0% vs. 41.3%, P = 4.77E-04). Notably, significantly more SCNamp and fewer SCNdel of the CDKN2A gene were detected in SMs from GC patients without metastasis than in those from patients with lymph node metastasis by P16-ddPCR (P = 0.023). The status of CDKN2A SCNVs in SM samples was significantly associated with overall survival (P = 0.032). No cancer deaths were observed among the 11 patients with CDKN2A SCNamp. CDKN2A SCNVs in SMs identified by P16-ddPCR are prevalent and significantly associated with GC metastasis and overall survival.

Multi-centre digital radiography reject analysis for different clinical room use types: The establishment of local reject reference levels for public hospital departments.

Reject analysis in digital radiography helps guide the training of staff to reduce patient radiation dose and improve department efficiency. The purpose of this study was to perform a multi-centre, vendor agnostic reject analysis across different room usage types, and to provide benchmarks for comparison. Retrospective reject and exposure log data were collected via USB from fixed general X-ray systems across multiple Australian sites, for collation and analysis. The overall reject rate, local reject reference level, absolute and relative reject rates for body part categories, reject rates by room usage types and the reject rate for each reason of rejection were calculated. Data were collected from 44 X-ray systems, across 11 hospitals. A total of 2,031,713 acquired images and 172,495 rejected images were included. The median reject rate was 9.1%. The local reject reference level (LRRL), set as the 75th percentile of all reject rates, was 10.6%. Median reject rates by room type were emergency (7.4%), inpatients + outpatients (9.6%), outpatients (9.2%), and hybrid (10.1%). The highest absolute reject rates by body part were chest (2.1%) and knee (1.4%). The highest relative rates by body part were knee (18.1%) and pelvis (17.2%). The most frequent reasons for image rejection were patient positioning (76%) and patient motion (7.5%). The results compare well with previously published data. The range of reject rates highlights the need to analyse typical reject rates in different ways. With analysis feedback to participating sites and the implementation of standardised reject reasons, future analysis should monitor whether reject rates reduce.

Digital photometric analysis as a non-invasive method to determine gingival phenotype: A comparative study

ObjectiveIdentification of periodontal phenotype is critical in clinical practice. Thick and thin tissues respond differently to inflammation, and trauma. It significantly influences the outcomes of restorative treatment, regenerative therapy, and success of implants and periodontal surgery. Periodontal phenotype can be assessed via invasive or non-invasive methods. This study aimed to establish the reliability of non-invasive methods in determining gingival phenotypes in comparison with validated methods. MethodsThis preapproved cross-sectional observational study was conducted at Batterjee Medical College in Saudi Arabia. The participants were conveniently sampled based on the inclusion criteria. The clinical study utilized Colorvue® biotype probes to evaluate gingival tissue phenotype in the region of interest, intraoral digital scanner (IOS) (iTero® scanner), and digital photography. Densitometric acquisition of photographs and intraoral scans was performed using Adobe Photoshop to quantify three-dimensional color measurements expressed in Delta E values (ΔE). Furthermore, patient-reported experience measures (PREMs) were used to evaluate anxiety and pain perception. Values of p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. ResultsThe analysis of color difference values (ΔE) revealed significant variations in color perception across methods for the thin, medium and very thick groups, indicating perceptible color differences (p < 0.001). The assessment of anxiety levels indicated a statistically significant decrease in stress levels in favor of the IOS method for the medium phenotype. Furthermore, perceived pain was significantly lower with the IOS method than with the probing method for all phenotypes. ConclusionDensitometric analysis of standardized clinical photographs and intraoral scans of the marginal gingiva offers a promising, non-invasive, less stressful, and virtually non-painful method of periodontal phenotype evaluation with reliable numerical outputs. Furthermore, these data may be used to feed AI systems, where machines can learn to recognize color differences and possibly deduce phenotype assessments.

Integrating deep learning, MATLAB, and advanced CAD for predictive root cause analysis in PLC systems: A multi-tool approach to enhancing industrial automation and reliability

The integration of Deep Learning (DL), MATLAB, and Advanced Computer- Aided Design (CAD) in the root cause analysis of prognostic errors in Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) systems represents a significant advancement in industrial automation and reliability. This research explores the synergistic application of these technologies to diagnose, predict, and mitigate failures in PLC systems, which are critical for controlling automated processes in various industries. By employing DL algorithms, the study enhances predictive maintenance capabilities, allowing for early detection of anomalies and reducing downtime. MATLAB is utilized as the central platform for data processing, algorithm development, and simulation, providing a versatile environment for integrating DL models with real-time data from PLCs. Advanced CAD tools are employed to model and visualize the physical systems controlled by the PLCs, offering a comprehensive view that bridges the gap between digital analysis and physical implementation. The research methodology includes data collection from PLC systems, DL model training and validation, MATLAB-based simulations, and CAD modelling. The findings demonstrate improved accuracy in identifying the root causes of PLC prognostic errors, leading to more efficient maintenance strategies and enhanced system reliability. This paper concludes that the integration of DL, MATLAB, and CAD provides a powerful approach for advancing predictive maintenance in industrial settings, ultimately contributing to greater operational efficiency and cost savings.

Exploration of Art Digital Design Technology Guided by Visual Communication Elements

From the perspective of visual communication elements, this paper proposes a digital design composite model based on style migration, trying to explore and innovate art digital design technology. In the image recognition and style migration model, the attention mechanism is added on the basis of ResNet50 network model to enhance the image recognition effect, and on the basis of VGG19 deep convolutional network model and optimization algorithm to realize the image style migration technology and digital redesign. On the basis of the proposed style migration model, a graphic rendering model is further proposed by combining the GrabCut algorithm and the VGG16 neural network, so as to realize the local style migration of patterns. In the application analysis of the artistic digitization of Zhuang brocade lamps, for example, the total percentage of “very approved” and “more approved” in the assessment of the style migration effect is more than 30%, and the style migration effect is better. The average scores of the art design effect evaluation of layers, elements and color richness are 4.02, 4.15 and 4.31, which are all higher than 4 points, and the performance is good. It is also recognized by experts and ordinary respondents in the satisfaction evaluation of art design.

An Artificial Intelligence-Based Digital Analysis of Immunolocalization of MMP2 and TIMP2 in the Jejunum of Rats Treated with Calcineurin Inhibitors.

(1) Background: The main goal of this study was to analyze the morphology of the rat's jejunum after long-term treatment with calcineurin inhibitor-based immunosuppressive drugs and to investigate their impact on the location of MMP-2 and its inhibitor TIMP-2, as well as the balance between them. (2) Methods: Twenty-four rats were divided into four groups receiving different immunosuppressive regiments. After six months of treatment, the jejunums were collected and analyzed. (3) Results: immunosuppressive drug panels containing calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) have a negative impact on the morphology and morphometry of the small intestinal wall. These drugs disrupt the MMP-2/TIMP-2 balance. Both CsA and TAC interfere with the synthesis of intercellular matrix components in the connective tissue of the small intestine. Furthermore, tacrolimus appears to disrupt the MMP-2/TIMP-2 balance in the small intestine the most, as the results show the highest difference between MMP-2 and TIMP-2 expression. The results were also confirmed by digital analysis of tissue segmentation. (4) Conclusions: The research conducted in this study is unique because there is limited information available on the direct effects of immunosuppressive drugs on the expression of MMP-2 and their inhibitors in the jejunum. Additionally, this study involves three drugs instead of one, which accurately reflects the panel of drugs used in organ recipients. Our results suggest that immunosuppressive drugs affect morphology and MMP2/TIMP2 immunoexpression; however, further studies are required. AI-based tools provide a reliable analysis of tissue samples, which represents an exciting approach for future histopathological studies. However, the results of the analyses generated by these tools need to be verified by specialists.

Credibility of Pont’s index in Egyptian population

BackgroundMany indices have been suggested to help orthodontists in predicting the ideal dental arch width. One of these was Pont’s index which was established by Pont. He suggested equations to predict the ideal maxillary dental arch width (interpremolar and intermolar) from the combined mesiodistal width of the maxillary incisors. This study aimed to test the applicability of Pont’s index as an orthodontic diagnostic tool in Egyptian population and to compare the results with those obtained from studies of different ethnic subjects.MethodsThis study was performed using dental casts of 184 Egyptian individuals (82 males and 102 females; age range, 19–24 years). The casts were divided into 46 casts with normal occlusion, 46 casts with class I, 46 casts with class II and 46 casts with class III malocclusion, according to Angle’s classification. Alginate impressions were taken for all patients and poured immediately using dental plaster. The real models were transformed into digital models using three-dimensional laser scanner to allow digital model analysis. Predicted arch widths were calculated using Pont’s equations. The predicted values were compared to the measured values.ResultsIntra class correlation coefficient (ICC) (absolute agreement) between measured and predicted arch widths was determined. Poor absolute agreement was found between measured arch width values and the corresponding values calculated according to Pont’s index.ConclusionAccording to the results of this study, Pont’s index is not a reliable method for predicting the ideal dental arch widths in Egyptian populations.

Monitoring and predicting spatio-temporal dynamics of river bankline movements: a case study for land use risk management in the lower Ganga River, India.

Changing the river course in the alluvial plain region is a common phenomenon that may have disastrous consequences. The risk of river bank erosion has increased dramatically during the last few decades. As a result, assessing the river bankline alteration is necessary. The study aims to determine the changes in the bankline in the lower Ganga River. This research presents a novel approach by using the digital shoreline analysis system (DSAS) in conjunction with geospatial data to monitor and predict long-term changes in river banks from 1965 to 2017, providing a comprehensive temporal analysis that is unprecedented in this study area. The study analyzes the bankline change along the river Ganga using DSAS using during the elapsed period. An erosion and accretion zonation was conducted based on the rate of bankline change of the river Ganga in the study area. The rate of bankline shifting was quantified using the endpoint rate (EPR) and linear regression rate (LRR) statistics computed using the DSAS model. The east bank of the Ganga in the study area experienced an average erosion of - 41.17m/year according to the LRR model. Whereas, the west bank eroded an average of - 2.32m/year between 1965 and 2017. 90.54% of the transect lines recorded erosion at the east bank and 53.69% of the transect lines at the west bank recorded erosion computed with LRR. For the assessment of the impact of river bankline change on the LULC of the study area, the future river banklines for 2027 and 2037 were forecasted. The result shows that by 2027 and 2037 about 133.24 and 147 km2 of agricultural land and 7.19 and 11.47 km2 of the built-up area may be affected by river bank erosion respectively. By extending the applications of DSAS and geospatial analytics to encompass predictive and impact assessment capabilities, this study significantly enriches the literature on the management of riverbank erosion and associated land use risks. This research provides important insights that improve river management and planning and enable the formulation of robust strategies to mitigate erosion risks on river banks.

Bitemark analysis comparing the use of digital scans and 3D resin casts.

Although dental patterns are unique, the use of bitemark analysis in personal identification remains controversial. To accurately reproduce and compare three-dimensional models of bitemarks and dental arches, intraoral three-dimensional scans, commonly utilized in clinical dental practice for precise and stable digital impressions, are recommended. This study aims to compare two different techniques for bitemark analysis: a digital method based on the superimposition of digital scans of dental patterns and lesions, and a visual method based on the physical superimposition of impressions and resin casts produced by 3D printing. A sample of 12 volunteers (6 males and 6 females) with a mean age of 26 years was collected as biters. Each subject was asked to bite on custom supports made from semi-rigid water bottles covered with imprintable dental wax. The dental arches and bitemarks were then recorded using an intraoral scanner and dental impressions. Scan superimposition analysis was conducted using CloudCompare software, while resin casts were printed using a 3D printer and physically superimposed on the bitemark impressions by a blind operator, who was not involved in sample collection, bite test execution, prior cast acquisition, or CloudCompare analysis. Both superimposition techniques relied on the selection of 10 corresponding landmarks (on canines and central and lateral incisors of the upper and lower arches) between the dental arches and impressions. The digital superimposition showed an average concordance of 92.5% for the upper arch landmarks and 85% for the lower arch landmarks, with an overall average concordance of 88.8% for both arches combined. In contrast, the visual analysis of resin casts showed an average concordance of 77.5% for the upper arch and 76.7% for the lower arch, with an overall average of 77.1% for both arches combined. In the analysis performed using CloudCompare, the maxillary arch demonstrated the best superimposition, with 4 landmarks (R0, R1, R2, R5) consistently overlapping. The digital analysis outperformed the visual analysis in all four quadrants, particularly in the upper right arch compared to the lower left arch, thereby supporting the integration of digital techniques in forensic applications. Further studies are necessary to validate the digital technique on a larger sample, including subjects with different dental characteristics, bite dynamics, and varying types of supports and substrates.

Analysis of Fill Dam Using Finite Element Method and Comparison with Monitoring Results

Nowadays, a detailed safety policy is applied for dams. These policies cover structural safety, monitoring, inspection, safe operation, and emergency plans. For high-risk dams, all these policy elements need to be included in dam safety programs. Deficiencies in embankment dams, which suffer the most damage, can be detected by visual inspection and programmed monitoring of dams. In dams, horizontal and vertical deformation, leakage, pressure, stress, loads acting on structural elements, and environmental factors are generally measured. These behaviors can be numerically modeled to determine the dam behavior. Numerical analysis methods are important for monitoring the safety of the dam. Models created with software such as Plaxis provide information about dam behavior. Although numerical analysis is very important for dams, obtaining the material parameters used in the construction of the dam needed for modeling, recording the construction stages of the dam, not taking the water level change in the dam reservoir instantaneously, and not taking the measurement records of the dam measurement instruments correctly for different reasons constitute problems and difficulties for the analyses. Within the scope of this study, İkizdere Dam in Turkey was modeled with the Plaxis finite element program; the survey and piezometer measurement data taken from the dam were evaluated by comparing with the analysis results; the difficulties and problems encountered in the modeling and analysis phase were stated, and recommendations were made on dam safety and numerical analysis. Thus, in addition to other studies, it was emphasized that it is important for dam engineers to monitor the use of numerical analysis models throughout the entire process, not only in the planning phase but also from the planning phase to the life of the dam, and to keep records of all recording intervals that will be needed in digital analysis models.