Diffuse Absorption Research Articles

CFD simulation approved by an experimental validation of the diffusion absorption refrigeration system evaporator

The evaporation process has a considerable impact on the operation of a diffusion absorption refrigeration system (DAR). However, there have been few studies that have focused on this specific issue. In this paper, a numerical investigation of the evaporator region in a DAR system was conducted using CONVERGE CFD software and the RANS approach. The aim of this study is to validate an accurate CFD model by analysing the flow behaviour and thermal parameters within the evaporator. The computational results show high agreement with the experimental data, with slight deviations often remaining under 3 %. The current study additionally investigated the effect of ammonia presence at the hydrogen inlet, specifically at 5 % and 10 % ratios. The results demonstrate that the average deviation is less than 1 % when using 5 % ammonia. This study sheds light on the evaporation process, which is important for enhancing the design and operational efficiency of DAR systems. For this purpose, the validated numerical model will be of great use.

Effect of Organic Corrosion Inhibitor on Mechanical and Transport Properties of concrete

In this paper, the effect of organic corrosion inhibitors on Mechanical and Transport Properties of concrete was studied. Two types of organic inhibitors, one is added to the concrete mix (sika Ferrogard®-901), and another one applied on the concrete surface (sika Ferrogard®-903. The properties of the fresh concrete (workability and air content) and of the hardened concrete (compressive strength, Porosity, and water absorption) were evaluated. The transport properties (permeability, capillary absorption, and diffusion) were also evaluated. From the results, it was found that the effect of the organic inhibitor (Ferrogard®-901) was clear on the properties of fresh concrete. so that Workability increased with the addition of organic corrosion inhibitors. The effect of (OCI) on the compressive strength at all ages was not significant. The effect of organic inhibitors on the porosity of concrete was also not significant, although the porosity of the samples with Ferrogard®-901 was lower. As for the permeability test, both samples containing (sika Ferrogard®-901) and (sika Ferrogard®-903) outperformed the control sample. In addition to the clear effect of (sika Ferrogard®-901) in reducing the permeability. Both organic inhibitors affected the diffusion and capillary absorption of concrete.he

Incorporation of iron(III) into nanoporous silica spheres

Iron(III) containing silica spheres with the average diameter of 800 nm were prepared by the hydrolysis and the condensation of tetraethoxysilane in the presence of hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride and subsequent reaction with aqueous or ethanol solution of iron(III) nitrate. The iron(III)-containing silica spheres were calcined in air at 400 °C to obtain nanoporous silica spheres containing iron(III). The location and the states of the iron in the nanoporous silica spheres were examined using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, elemental mapping, diffuse reflectance ultraviolet-visible absorption as well as Fe K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Iron(III) was located at the surface of the spheres as octahedrally coordinated species when iron(III) was adsorbed from ethanol solution of iron(III) nitrate. When the incorporation of iron(III) was done from the aqueous solution of iron(III) nitrate, tetrahedrally coordinated iron(III) was dispersed homogeneously through the spherical silica particles. Both of the silica spheres were microporous with the large BET surface area (ca. 1000 m2/g). The iron(III) containing silica spheres absorbed UV and were inactive for the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue.

Investigation on the cycle performance of a novel diffusion absorption heat transformer with ejection boost

A novel diffusion absorption heat transformer cycle with ejection boost was proposed, and the cycle performance was analyzed by a constructed theoretical model in this paper. The cycle can be carried out with water (H2O) as the refrigerant, lithium bromide (LiBr) as the absorbent, helium (He) as the diffusant, and cyclopentane (C5H10) as the high-pressure fluid. The impacts of six different temperatures on the ejector and cycle performance were evaluated. It was found that increasing the temperature of Generator A and the temperature of Condenser A were both beneficial to the entrainment ratio improvement of ejector with ejector efficiency reduced. The pumping performance of Lifting Tube and system COP were more sensitive to the temperature of Generator B. Under the condition of design temperature, COP of the novel diffusion absorption heat transformer cycle with ejection boost is 0.27, higher than 0.17 in an original diffusion absorption heat transformer. The cycle performance is significantly improved with higher efficiency of diffusant generation and transportation by the employment of ejector. The investigation of this paper makes great sense to the low-grade thermal energy utilization and the stepped utilization of thermal energy.

Effect of beta glucan coating on controlled release, bioaccessibility, and absorption of β-carotene from loaded liposomes.

Recently, the use of biopolymers as coating material to stabilise phospholipid-based nanocarriers has increased. One such class of biopolymers is the dietary fibre beta-glucan (βG). In this study, we developed and characterized beta-carotene (βC) loaded βG coated nanoliposomes (GNLs) to investigate the effect of βG coating on the stability, controlled release, bioaccessibility, diffusion and subsequent absorption of the lipophilic active agent. The size, charge (Z-potential), and FTIR spectra were measured to determine the physicochemical stability of GNLs. βG coating reduced the bioaccessibility, provided prolonged release and improved the antioxidant activity of the nanoliposomes. Multiple particle tracking (MPT) data suggested that βC-GNLs were less diffusive in porcine intestinal mucus (PIM). Additionally, the microviscosity of the PIM treated with GNLs was observed to be higher (0.04744 ± 0.00865 Pa s) than the PIM incubated with uncoated NLs (0.015 ± 0.0004 Pa s). An Ex vivo experiment was performed on mouse jejunum to measure the absorption of beta-carotene from coated (βC-GNLs) and uncoated nanoliposomes (βC-NLs). Data showed that after 2 hours, 27.7 ± 1.3 ng mL-1 of βC encapsulated in GNLs and 61.54 ± 3 ng mL-1 of the βC encapsulated in uncoated NLs was absorbed by mouse intestinal mucosa. These results highlight that coating with βG stabilise NLs during gastrointestinal digestion and provides more sustained release of βC from nanoliposomes.

Adsorption Mechanism of Methylene Blue on Purified Red Phosphorus and Effects of Different Temperatures on Methylene Blue Desorption

Purified red phosphorus (RP) can be used as an adsorbent. However, the adsorption mechanism and reuse ability of purified RP have not been reported. This study utilized X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy techniques (a statistical physics model and the standard molar free energy of formation) to investigate the adsorption mechanism of methylene blue (MB) by purified RP. Purification did not change commercial RP structure according to X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the adsorption process only included physical adsorption according to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and UV–vis diffuse reflection absorption spectra. The specific areas of commercial RP and purified RP were 0.02 cm3/g and 5.27 cm3/g, respectively. Thus, purified RP has a higher adsorption capacity compared with commercial RP. A statistical physics model showed that, as the temperature increased from 288 to 308 K, the qe, Dm and qsat of purified RP for MB increased from 179.87, 0.824 and 0.824 to 303.26 mg/g, 1.497 mol/kg and 1.497 mol/kg, respectively. The fitted values of ΔrSmθ, ΔrHmθ and ΔrGmθ were 104.38 J·mol−1·K−1, −2.7 × 103 J·mol−1 and negative, respectively. Thus, according to adsorption energy, the adsorption of MB by purified RP was a spontaneous process, which was mainly driven by entropy increasing. Compared with neutral dye, the purified RP had higher adsorption ability for the cationic dye and anionic dye. As the purified RP dose increased from 30 to 150 mg, the adsorption capacity of purified RP increased. However, as the MB concentration and pH increased, the adsorption capacity of purified RP decreased. The purified RP had excellent reuse ability and high temperature desorption can be applied to obtain its reuse ability.

Yolk-shell cationic liposomes overcome mucus and epithelial barriers for enhanced oral drug delivery

Liposomes have garnered attention for their potential in oral drug delivery. However, they encounter obstacles when traversing the mucus and epithelial barriers of the gastrointestinal tract. Recent studies indicate that the very characteristics enabling liposomes to penetrate mucus may adversely affect their cellular uptake. In this study, we introduce a novel strategy focused on liposome biomechanical properties, specifically stiffness. Inspired by the stiffness-mediated transformation behaviour of entities like cancer cells in biological environments, we developed yolk-shell structured cationic liposomes (YS-CLip) by incorporating mesoporous silica nanoparticles. Compared to their single-membrane structured counterparts, the YS-CLip demonstrated higher stiffness, adopting an ellipsoidal shape after stress, facilitating rotation-enhanced mucus penetration. This facilitated simultaneous circumvention of mucus diffusion and epithelial absorption barriers. In rats, orally administered YS-CLip adeptly bypassed both mucus and intestinal impediments, leading to an amplified bioavailability of doxorubicin, outperforming both their single-membrane counterparts and certain mucus-penetrating liposomes. Collectively, our findings illuminate the pivotal role of biomechanical stiffness in liposomal formulation, endorsing YS-CLip as a prospective strategy to navigate oral drug delivery challenges.

Thermal analysis of operating a solar-powered diffusion absorption refrigerator with a parabolic collector

This study investigates the use of solar energy, one of the leading renewable energy sources, to power a diffusion absorption refrigerator, thereby demonstrating the feasibility and practicality of renewable energy applications without relying on electrical energy or fossil fuels. Two mini refrigerators with identical power and features were employed in the experimental study. The aim is to evaluate the performance of two refrigerators, one powered by electricity and the other by heat from a parabolic solar collector. The heat transfer oil circulating in the parabolic solar collector was transferred to the generator of the solar refrigerator through a special apparatus. Various parameters such as mass flow rates, system pressure, solution concentrations, and thermal and COP values of diffusion refrigerators were meticulously analyzed. Experimental results obtained from both refrigerators were compared for a comprehensive evaluation. While the Coefficient of Performance (COP) of the electric refrigerator was determined as 0.398, the COP value of the solar refrigerator was determined as 0.380. These findings highlight the potential of solar energy in sustainable cooling applications and provide valuable information on comparing electric and solar cooling systems. The study contributes to the ongoing efforts to promote eco-friendly and energy-efficient technologies, emphasizing the role of solar energy in reducing dependence on traditional energy sources.

Synthesis of novel Cu2WS4/Bi2WO6 heterojunctions and evaluation of their photocatalytic activity for removal of tetracycline under visible light irradiation

In order to change the photocatalytic performance of bismuth tungstate monomer material, the Z-type heterojunction Cu2WS4/Bi2WO6 (CWS/BW) system was formed by loading Cu2WS4 on Bismuth tungstate by hydrothermal method, and then characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It was concluded that the crystallinity of Cu2WS4/Bi2WO6 system varied with the change of the composite ratio, and no impurity influence was found. The morphology of Cu2WS4/Bi2WO6 system reflects the flower bulbous formed by the superposition of Cu2WS4 nanosheets and Bi2WO6 nanosheets. The overall analysis shows that Cu2WS4 and Bi2WO6 were successfully compounded. Through the characterization analysis of ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance absorption spectra (UV–Vis DRS), photoluminescence spectrogram (PL) and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm analysis (BET), it was concluded that the Cu2WS4/Bi2WO6 system had a higher specific surface area, a wider light corresponding range and a lower photogenerated electron-hole recombination rate.Experiments show that the 5-CWS/BW in the Cu2WS4/Bi2WO6 system had the strongest photocatalytic effect under visible light, and the light degradation rate in 100min can reach 80%, which is 1.7 times and 3.2 times that of monomer Bi2WO6 and Cu2WS4, respectively. 5-CWS/BW still had high activity under different experimental conditions. Later, cyclic experiments proved that the material had strong stability. Finally, the main active substances in photocatalysis were clarified through free radical capture experiments and electron spin resonance (ESR) technology, and the photocatalytic mechanism of Cu2WS4/Bi2WO6 system was inferred.

Prediction of surface admittance impulse responses from frequency-dependent sound absorption coefficients

In numerical room acoustic modeling certain material properties are required as inputs for setting the boundary conditions for the calculations. In finite element or finite difference models, locally reactive boundaries are often represented as FIR or IIR filters. However, most building material manufacturers provide sound absorption coefficient or equivalent absorption area data only, in accordance with the relevant standards, so a method to convert sound absorption to admittance or impedance impulse responses is required. Since there is a loss of information when admittance is converted to sound absorption coefficients, the conversion in the opposite direction has multiple solutions. We derive an iterative method of determining either the impedance or admittance impulse response from arbitrary, frequency-dependent diffuse sound absorption coefficients and validate it with the transfer matrix method. We present the implementation of the method in the soundy.ai application.

Research and application of combined noise reduction method by using noise reducing pavement and noise barrier

Traffic noise has become one of the most significant issues in environmental pollution complaints. In some cases, tyre/road noise level has exceeded the critical values of environmental regulations by more than 10 dB (A), and using single technical method, such as noise reducing pavement or noise barrier, cannot solve the problem effectively. In this paper, research and application were carried out by considering combination of both noise reducing pavement and barrier. Based on analysis of characteristics of tyre/road noise spectrum, a design method of sound absorption performance of barrier which will compensate the absorption ability of the pavement is proposed. Three types of noise barrier panel, namely diffusive, interference-type, and diamond-shaped sound absorption panels, were developed, which provide good complements to the absorption spectrum of porous asphalt pavement. Trail section was built for validation on a practical expressway. Noise reducing pavement designed by considering travel lane differences were firstly constructed, and noise barriers with the three different types of sound absorption panel were installed along the road section. After implementation, it shows that noise levels measured in the surrounding villages can be reduced by 10~13dB (A), and this method is proved effect for eliminating the severe pollution of tyre/road noise.

Experimental characterization of an ammonia – water – hydrogen diffusion absorption refrigeration system

A diffusion absorption refrigerator (DAR) is a heat powered refrigeration system. It uses the ammonia-water mixture as a working fluid in addition to an auxiliary inert gas. In the present work, experimental investigation and dynamic analysis of the H2O-NH3-H2 diffusion absorption refrigeration system have been carried out using different values of thermal power input to the generator and evaporator load. Experimental results show that the temperature evolution of system components, transient response, amount of cooling below ambient, and coefficient of performance are significantly sensitive to the values of generator power input and evaporator load. Analysis of DAR system behavior for different start up conditions is used to estimate the time and energy required for the initiation of cooling effect. Steady-state experimental results obtained over a wide range of generator input power and evaporator load are used to characterize the unit performance. Performance maps useful for the design and integration of DAR systems with low-temperature energy sources are developed. These maps can be used to estimate the generator input power required for a given cooling load at a specified value of cooling temperature below ambient.

Pushing the heterometal doping limit while preserving long-lived charge separation in a Ti-based MOF photocatalyst

This study explores the nature, dynamics, and reactivity of the photo-induced charge separated excited state in a Fe3+-doped titanium-based metal organic framework (MOF), xFeMIL125-NH2, as a function of iron concentration. The MOF is synthesized with doping levels x = 0.5, 1 and 2 Fe node sites per octameric Ti-oxo cluster and characterized by powder x-ray diffraction, UV-vis diffuse reflectance, atomic absorption, and steady state Fe K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. For each doping level, time-resolved X-ray transient absorption spectroscopy studies confirm the electron trap site role of the Fe sites in the excited state. Time scan data reveal multiexponential decay kinetics for the charge recombination processes which extend into the microsecond range for all three concentrations. A series of dye photodegradation studies, based on the oxidative decomposition of Rhodamine B, demonstrates the reactivity of the charge separated excited state and the photocatalytic capacity of these MOF materials compared to traditional heterometal-doped semiconductor photocatalysts.

Exergy and energy analysis of a hybrid natural Gas/Hydrogen liquefaction cycle combined with methanol production plant

This paper presents an innovative renewable multi-generation system designed to simultaneously produce various fuels, including biomass-based methanol, liquid hydrogen, and liquid natural gas. This system is part of a broader strategy aimed at streamlining different processes within a comprehensive plant, enabling the simultaneous production of multiple biomass-based fuels at a single location. The implementation of this system in regions where natural gas liquefaction plants coexist with abundant forest resources allows for the efficient production of all required fuels. In this process, a new configuration leverages to regenerate the waste heat of methanol synthesis process in the diffusion absorption refrigeration cycle integrated to the natural gas liquefaction process to maximize energy and exergy efficiencies. Additionally, three hydrogen liquefaction processes are evaluated to identify the most suitable option based on performance, efficiency, and power consumption. The investigations reveal that the combined mixed refrigerant cycle (CMRC) emerges as the ideal choice for hydrogen liquefaction process, characterized by lower power consumption and a higher coefficient of performance. The energy and exergy efficiencies of biomass gasification and methanol synthesis processes are 87.54% and 80.41%. The energetic coefficient of performance of the natural gas liquefaction process and CMRC is 0.9 and 0.2209. The specific power consumption of natural gas liquefaction process is 0.225 kWh/kgLNG, and the specific power consumption of CMRC is 5.462 kWh/kgLH2. The natural gas liquefaction process is responsible for the highest portion of the total exergy destruction, with 32%.

EVALUATION OF THE POTENTIAL NEUROACTIVITY IN THE BRAIN NERVE TERMINALS OF THE C60 FULLERENE PLANETARY DUST COMPONENT

A study of the infrared spectrum of the environment of the planetary nebula Tc 1 revealed the radiation of cold and neutral fullerenes C60 and C70. The results of the analysis of infrared spectra obtained using the Hubble space telescope conclusively proved the existence of C60+ fullerene in the interstellar medium. These large carbon-containing molecules can form and exist in the interstellar medium and are candidates to explain many diffuse interstellar absorption bands. In this study, the potential neuroactivity of the C60 fullerene as a planetary dust component was assessed in the isolated rat brain nerve terminals. It was shown that C60 fullerene in the unirradiated state at concentrations of 0.05—0.25 mg/ml did not change the extracellular levels of excitatory neurotransmitter L-[ 14C]glutamate and inhibitory neurotransmitter [ 3H]GABA in the preparations of rat brain nerve terminals. An increase in fullerene C60 concentrations up to 0.5 and 1.00 mg/ml was accompanied by an increase in the extracellular levels of L-[ 14C]glutamate and [3 H]GABA in the preparations of nerve terminals. Therefore, fullerene C60 did not cause signs of acute neurotoxicity in the brain nerve terminals within the concentration range of 0.05—0.25 mg/ml. However, given that C60 undergoes photooxidation, it can be expected that it may acquire neurotoxic properties in situ.

Enhancing acoustic comfort with window coverings: Reducing sound transmission and reverberation times with a single product

Window coverings have traditionally been used for design and light control only. However, they also present a great opportunity for a complete acoustic treatment. This is for a number of reasons: (1) They are installed over glazing which represents the typical weak point through which sound enters the space; (2) they have a large surface area for absorption; and (3) they are a natural fit in most modern spaces allowing architects, designers, and clients freedom in their design unconstrained by acoustics. By combining mass loaded vinyl to target sound transmission and absorptive surface linings to provide sound absorption, it is possible to significantly improve acoustic comfort with installation of acoustic curtains. This paper presents the results of extensive laboratory tests on such acoustic curtains, where the diffuse field sound reduction index and sound absorption coefficients were measured for four glazing conditions (open window, 4 mm glass, 6.38 mm glass, and 10.38 mm glass) with 15 different curtain configurations, totalling 76 tests. The results demonstrate significant sound level reductions with the addition of the curtains, with a weighted noise reduction index improvement as high as 13 dB, and a noise reduction coefficient of 0.65 for an additional 2 kg per square metre.

Structural, Optical and Electrical Studies on Poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymer Loaded with CuCo2O4/CuS Mixtures

Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)/(1-x)CuCo2O4/xCuS (x = 0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5) nanocomposites polymers were formed using hydrothermal, solid state and solvent casting procedures. The structure of the filler and polymer nano-composite samples were examined using an X-ray diffraction technique. The impacts of the (1-x)CuCo2O4/xCuS mixture on the diffuse absorption, transmittance, reflectance, extinction coefficient, refractive index, optical dielectric constant, energy loss functions and optical conductivity were investigated. The absorbance of PMMA/(1-x)CuCo2O4/xCuS changed depending on the percentage of CuS in the nanocomposite. The optical band gaps (Eg ) for PMMA were 4.52 and 4.46 eV, directly and indirectly, respectively. The sample with x = 0.25 produced the lowest direct/indirect Eg values, 4.34 and 3.79 eV. The fluorescence spectra of the undoped and doped PMMA polymers were explored. Depending on the filler composition in the PMMA/(1-x)CuCo2O4/xCuS samples, the emitted colors could be modulated. The effects of the (1-x)CuCo2O4/xCuS mixture as a function of the dielectric constant, dielectric loss, ac conductivity and electric modulus of the host polymer were examined.

Retracted: A study on the strength and durability characteristics of fiber-reinforced recycled aggregate concrete modified with supplementary cementitious material

Recycled aggregate (RA) made from waste concrete is an environmentally friendly alternative to natural aggregate (NA) for concrete manufacturing. However, compared to NA concrete, concrete produced with recycled aggregates has poor characteristics. Supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) can be used to enhance the poor properties of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC). Silica fume and fly ash are commonly used SCMs in the World, but their high usage led to a shortage of silica fume and fly ash. Still, the deficiency of these materials in large parts of the world is a challenge that requires exploring alternative feedstock materials for the construction industry in the coming years. Wheat straw ash (WSA) is an agricultural waste product that could be used as an alternative SCM due to its pozzolanic behavior to enhance the properties of RAC. In addition, concrete is brittle and needs reinforcement, for which polypropylene fibers (PPFs) can be used. The current research examines the mechanical characteristics of fiber-reinforced RAC, including compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and ductility performance. Durability indicators, such as chloride diffusion, chloride penetration, acid resistance, and water absorption test, were also assessed. The results showed that concrete samples with 10% WSA, 50% RA and 1.5% PPFs had the highest compressive and splitting tensile strength, 60.2 MPa and 7.25 MPa, respectively, representing increases of 24.75% and 30.65%, as compared to plain samples at 56 days. In these samples, water absorption was reduced by 13% due to the finer WSA particles resulting in the lowest reduction in strength and mass recorded when exposing concrete samples to acidic media. The statistical analysis also validated that irrespective of WSA and PPFs, the concrete with 0% RA had the highest performance in strength and durability behavior. The study showed that WSA and PPFs might be employed in tandem to offset the poor behavior of RA, enhance the bond between fibers and concrete, and improve the mechanical strength and durability performance of RAC, thus demonstrating its suitability as a sustainable and economical construction material.

SubQ-Sim: A Subcutaneous Physiologically Based Biopharmaceutics Model. Part 1: The Injection and System Parameters.

To construct a detailed mechanistic and physiologically based biopharmaceutics model capable of predicting 1) device-formulation-tissue interaction during the injection process and 2) binding, degradation, local distribution, diffusion, and drug absorption, following subcutaneous injection. This paper is part of a series and focusses on the first aspect. A mathematical model, SubQ-Sim, was developed incorporating the details of the various substructures within the subcutaneous environment together with the calculation of dynamic drug disposition towards the lymph ducts and venous capillaries. Literature was searched to derive key model parameters in healthy and diseased subjects. External factors such as body temperature, exercise, body position, food or stress provide a means to calculate the impact of "life events" on the pharmacokinetics of subcutaneously administered drugs. The model predicts the tissue backpressure time profile during the injection as a function of injection rate, volume injected, solution viscosity, and interstitial fluid viscosity. The shape of the depot and the concentrations of the formulation and proteins in the depot are described. The model enables prediction of formulation backflow following premature needle removal and the resulting formulation losses. Finally, the effect of disease (type 2 diabetes) or the presence of recombinant human hyaluronidase in the formulation on the injection pressure, are explored. This novel model can successfully predict tissue back pressure, depot dimensions, drug and protein concentration and formulation losses due to incorrect injection, which are all important starting conditions for predicting drug absorption from a subcutaneous dose. The next article will describe the absorption model and validation against clinical data.

Inverse Design of Diffusion–Absorption Hybrid Metasurfaces

AbstractRandom metasurfaces have demonstrated significant potential in radar‐signature control applications, but their ability to manipulate scattering‐field reduction is limited by relying solely on the diffusion mechanism. To achieve flexible and arbitrary designs for scattering‐field reduction, a diffusion–absorption hybrid metasurface is proposed based on the Babinet principle. This hybrid metasurface adopts complementary bilayer metasurfaces to satisfy the impedance matching condition and employs a hybrid absorption and diffusion mechanism. Such complementary designs' intralayer resonances and interlayer couplings are tailored by multi‐objective optimization, achieving the precise and wideband design of absorptive elements with a specific reflection phase. By optimizing the spatial distributions of elements, diffusion is introduced and designs are achieved with a continuous scattering‐field reduction from 15.40 to 32.58 dB at 15 GHz. Three representative designed structures are fabricated and verified as proof of concept. The experimental results are consistent with the calculations and simulations, demonstrating a 12.32–24.46 dB scattering‐field reduction range. The proposed high‐freedom metasurface and the implementation multi‐objective optimization strategy collectively empower flexible wavefront manipulation, offering a viable solution for designing hybrid meta‐devices that incorporate multiple mechanisms.