Titanium pyrophosphate (TiP2O7) nanocrystals are synthesized using a facile microwave (MW) heating method, in which titanium hydroxide (TH) and H3PO4 (85%) are used as Ti and P sources without surfactant or template assistance. X-ray diffraction results suggest that pure cubic-structured TiP2O7 could be obtained via MW irradiation at 800W for 5min. Scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope photographs show that the grain sizes of the samples range from 20nm to 100nm and vary with the irradiation time. The effects of different sample preparation conditions on the experimental result are also discussed. The band gap energy of as-synthesized TiP2O7 is determined to be 3.8eV by UV diffuse reflectance spectral analysis. Luminescence spectral analysis shows that nanocrystal TiP2O7 shows white-light emission at 300nm.