Difficulty Coping Research Articles

Military service of home-schooled graduates in Israel

ABSTRACT How do home-schooled graduates cope with military service? This question is particularly significant in Israel where compulsory military service is a central part of Jewish-Israeli society. This article examined the conscription of home- educated graduates to the Israeli army and their service experience, using a sample of 15 graduates, eight of whom served in the military or were about to serve soon. The reasons for choosing not to serve were found to be similar to what is accepted in Israeli society and stem from religious, family and ideological reasons; yet those in home education seem to have more choice whether to serve, hence their decision to serve reflects a special personal commitment. Home-schooled graduates were also found to have encountered difficulties in enlisting in the Israeli army, but most of them were able to overcome these difficulties and had little difficulty coping with the army’s strict discipline.

VOLUNTEERS' MENTAL HEALTH IN WAR

VOLUNTEERS' MENTAL HEALTH IN WAR

The experiences of family members attending an online addiction education program: a qualitative study

Family members of people experiencing addiction may experience increased stress and have difficulty coping with disrupted relationships, stigma, and isolation. Education programs for affected family members aim to assist in improving coping skills, understanding of addiction, and provide support, yet these have not been subjected to in-depth research, especially programs delivered by peers, or people with lived experience. This study explored the experiences of participants attending a BreakThrough online group education and support program for family members of people experiencing addiction. Twenty-one affected family members were interviewed and reflexive thematic analysis was used to develop three themes: experience of validation; not fixing, stepping back; and, education to help make sense of experiences. A topic summary was used to present data relating to the experiences of attending online. Participants experienced the group as validating and de-stigmatizing, thereby helping shift their approach to coping and consolidating their understanding of addiction. Participants reported being able to harness the collective insights of peers and make sense of their experiences through education and support. Education programs for affected family members, facilitated by peers, provide an opportunity for validation and ultimately serve to de-stigmatize addiction.

Attachment styles, mental health, and trauma during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in an Italian adult population.

The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted adults' mental health around the world. Various studies highlighted the role of sociodemographic risk factors, including age, gender, and level of education, in increasing this impact. Although insecure attachment styles are considered a vulnerability factor for psychopathology and difficulties in coping with stressful situations, few studies have examined the role of attachment styles in relation to psychological responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to investigate the role of attachment styles in affecting psychopathological problems and post-traumatic symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in a sample of Italian adults (N=1548). During the first lockdown in Italy, the Attachment Style Questionnaire, the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, and Symptom Checklist 90-Revised were administered to the participants to assess attachment styles, trauma-related symptoms, and psychopathological problems. The results showed that 41% of the participants had symptoms of clinical and subclinical relevance during the pandemic. Anxious and avoidant insecure attachment styles predicted psychopathological problems and post-traumatic symptoms, whereas secure attachment style was a protective factor. Our results highlighted the significant role played by the quality of attachment styles on adult mental health during the pandemic, providing valuable elements for targeted psychological support interventions.

Understanding Mal de Debarquement syndrome (MdDS), persistent postural perceptual dizziness (3PD) and somatoform disorders: and the role of vestibular rehabilitation therapy (VRT)

It is well established that complaints of dizziness, vertigo, unsteadiness, and internalized motion are commonly reported by patients to health care providers. It is estimated that dizziness is the 3rd most common complaint heard in physicians’ offices across all age groups, preceded only by headache and lower back pain. It has been observed by clinicians for over 100 years, that there is a sizable segment of this population of patients with or without a precedent vertigo episode who report difficulty coping and ambulating comfortably within a visually dynamic world. The purpose of this article is to provide the reader with an understanding of these conditions. This will include definitions of the conditions and a review of their symptoms and management options. The authors will provide a case study to highlight the complex nature of these conditions and successful management approach utilizing Vestibular Rehabilitation Therapy.

Stress, repetitive negative thinking, and mental health in Chilean university students: an ecological momentary assessment study.

Mental disorders in university students are a growing attention problem in the international community due to their high prevalence and serious consequences. One possible reason is university students' difficulties in coping with stress. Repetitive negative thinking (RNT) is a transdiagnostic process that, when combined with stress, can lead to the development of various disorders. We aim to determine the effect of stress and RNT on predicting various mental health syndromes in university students across 7 days. Prospective observational study using Momentary Ecological Assessment (EMA) with the OURMIND Mobile App. On day one, 238 university students responded to the SCL-90R questionnaire for symptoms of depression, anxiety, hostility, obsession, psychoticism, paranoia, somatization, and interpersonal sensitivity; RNT styles questionnaires, RRS for rumination and negative reflection, PSWQ for worry; SISCO-II for term academic stress, and sociodemographic. EMA consisted of five assessments a day for 6 days; each time, the students answered items about academic and non-academic stress (EMA-stress), reactive RNT duration and intrusiveness (EMA-RNT process), and reactive RNT rumination, reflection, and worry (EMA-RNT content). On day eight, symptoms were re-assessed. Seven hierarchical stepwise linear regression models were used to test the predictive power of the study variables in the development of SCL-90R symptoms. When comparing models, adding baseline symptoms increased the models' predictive power in all symptom groups. In most cases, including EMA-stress generated greater predictive power, except for paranoia and interpersonal sensitivity. Adding the EMA-RNT process increased the prediction of paranoia and obsessive symptoms; for hostility symptoms, RNT styles increased predictive power. For the final regression models, considering the initial symptoms, the EMA-RNT process predicted the progression of symptoms in six out of eight groups, while EMA-non-academic stress predicted the remaining two. Additionally, living with other relatives or friends was a predictor of depressive symptoms. The stress of university life impacts the development of psychiatric symptoms in university students. These results provide evidence of RNT as a transdiagnostic process in several syndromic groups. Universal preventive programs should consider the impact of academic and non-academic stress on university students' mental health. Targeting RNT would also benefit selective preventive interventions.

The relationship between maladaptive health beliefs, pandemic-related stress, and health anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Research has demonstrated that people experience specific distress and anxiety regarding COVID-19. This distress may consist of interconnected symptom categories corresponding to a COVID stress syndrome. Susceptibility to COVID stress syndrome may be related to one's maladaptive health beliefs; however, no research has investigated the association between maladaptive health beliefs and COVID stress. The present study explored the impact of health beliefs on COVID stress, health anxiety, and associated psychological constructs. This cross-sectional survey study included 221 adults (M age = 20.59, SD = 2.28). Participants completed an online survey including demographic questionnaires and self-report measures of health beliefs, COVID stress, health anxiety, and related psychological constructs. Health anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, state/trait anxiety, intolerance of uncertainty, and depression accounted for significant variance in COVID stress (F(6, 214) = 11.18, R2 = .24, p < .001). Health beliefs (i.e., perceived likelihood of illness, medical service inadequacy, and difficulty coping) were associated with greater COVID stress, although health beliefs were not found to mediate the relationship between health anxiety and COVID stress. Health beliefs were associated with greater COVID stress, although health beliefs did not mediate the relationship between health anxiety and COVID stress. The relationship between health anxiety and COVID stress may be better explained by other COVID-related cognitions (e.g., vaccine efficacy, dangerousness of COVID-19). The findings highlight the importance of peoples' health beliefs during the pandemic. Given anxiety's influence on peoples' behavioural responses to the pandemic, further research should identify COVID-specific cognitions for prevention of COVID stress and health anxiety.

PrEP discontinuation, cycling, and risk: Understanding the dynamic nature of PrEP use among female sex workers in South Africa.

PrEP cycling among women is thought to be safe when there are distinct "seasons of risk." However, cyclical PrEP use over short periods may be associated with increased risk of HIV acquisition. We aimed to characterize key social ecological factors contributing toward PrEP cycling among female sex workers (FSW) in the context of high HIV risk. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with 36 FSW at risk for HIV acquisition and 12 key informant (KI) service providers in eThekwini (Durban), South Africa from January-October 2020. FSW identified key factors driving temporary discontinuation of PrEP including relocation, lack of information on or difficulty coping with side effects, and delays in accessing PrEP. In many cases, FSW were motivated to restart PrEP once barriers were overcome. In contrast, KIs emphasized the importance of individual adherence to PrEP and reliance on personal risk assessments when counselling FSW on cycling decisions. FSW and KI perspectives highlight a disconnect between providers' recommendations on the potential for cyclical use of PrEP during periods of minimal risk and actual drivers among FSW causing temporary PrEP discontinuation. Further interventions supporting safe PrEP cycling are needed to ensure decisions around cycling are deliberate and guided by changes in HIV risk rather than external factors.

A127: Difficulties Facing and Coping Strategies of Physical Education and Health Interdisciplinary Teaching in China

Purpose: In response to the national demand for compound talents, “Physical Education (PE) and Health Curriculum (2022 version) for Compulsory Education” proposes to include interdisciplinary teaching in five major courses in China. Due to the lack of course cases for reference, there’s a certain gap between interdisciplinary theory and practice. Therefore, it’s urgent to analyze the difficulties faced by interdisciplinary teaching and find out the coping strategies. Methods: By using keywords such as "interdisciplinary teaching," "PE and health curriculum," and "interdisciplinary," this study collected and studied 39 articles from CNKI, Web of Science, Scopus, and other databases, and analyzed the development process, problems, and countermeasures of interdisciplinary teaching in various countries. Results: Analyses revealed difficulties of implementing interdisciplinary teaching, including (1) unbalanced instructional materials and resources, (2) teachers’ lack of understanding of theory and practice regarding interdisciplinary teaching, (3) overlapped curriculum content, (4) lack of real integration in the classroom, and (5) lack of scientific evaluations. Coping strategies were: (1) Cooperation between internal and external organizations responsible for resource supply, (2) Carry out pre-service and in-service teachers’ training, (3) modifications of PE Curriculum, and (4) establish an evaluation system. Conclusion: To promote interdisciplinary teaching in physical education and health in the future, schools are recommended to cooperate with external institutions and universities to explore the theoretical basis and internal logic of thematic learning design of interdisciplinary projects. Also, schools may build a solid learning community for PE teachers, innovate PE curriculum models, share instructional examples, and create evaluation mechanisms to solve current problems.

Psychosocial Burden and Coping Abilities of Caregivers of Children with Sickle Cell Disease Attending Government-Owned Tertiary Health Care Facilities in Ogun State, Southwest Nigeria

Objective: Sickle cell disease is a chronic inherited haematological disorder affecting predominantly people of African, Arab and Indiana ancestries with the highest reported burden of 150,000 children in Nigeria. The chronicity and physical and psychosocial complications of the disease pose a significant psychosocial burden on children and their caregivers. This study assessed the psychosocial burden and coping abilities of primary caregivers of children with sickle cell disease. Method: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study done in two public tertiary health institutions in Ogun State. Semi-structured interview-based validated questionnaires were administered to assess their psychosocial and health burden. The coping ability of the caregivers was determined. Descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests were used for data analysis. Results: Two hundred and twenty-four primary caregivers were interviewed. The moderate to severe psychosocial burden was 34.4%. Some (21.4%) found it difficult to cope with the care of the children and 12.1% believed it had a severe impact on their health. Major factors reported were frequent hospitalization, emergencies, school absenteeism, crisis and hospital bills. Caring for these children caused a general atmosphere of tension and marital disharmony in 17.4% and 17.9% of the respondents, respectively. The stress level was higher among female caregivers, low socio-economic class, single parenthood and older caregivers. Female child, age and severity of illness had a significant impact on the burden and coping levels. Conclusion: The caregivers experienced some psychosocial burden and difficulty in coping. Frequent hospitalization and the high cost of health care placed significant strain on them.

Behavioural response of parents and children with autism and developmental disorders in times of uncertainty: a Malaysian experience

Introduction Children and families with neurodevelopmental conditions have more difficulty coping with changes compared to peers. This study investigated the emotional/behavioural responses of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and developmental disorders, and their families during the early stages of COVID-19 lockdown and identified the predictive factors. Methods Data from 265 children, 4–17 years, with ASD, other developmental disorders and typically developing children that include parent-rated questionnaires of emotion/behaviour, behaviour change, and parents’ level of stress were collected. We compared the mean scores of both clinical groups with typical developing children using Cohen’s d and determined the factors predictive of emotional/behavioural difficulties using logistic regression. Results Children with ASD experienced the most emotional/behavioural difficulties and behaviour deterioration during the early phase of COVID-19 lockdown. Parents from all groups reported comparable stress levels. Children with a diagnosis of ASD had a 3-fold increase in odds of emotional/behavioural difficulties (OR= 3.11; 95% 1.60–6.03, p < 0.001). A weaker association was observed with older age (13–17 years) (OR = 2.28; 95% CI 0.96–5.38, p = 0.056). Correlation analysis showed that parents’ stress levels were positively associated with children’s emotion/behaviour scores and behaviour deterioration. Conclusions Family-centred approaches are a priority to recognise vulnerable families and provide support during times of crisis.

Measuring the knowledge and attitudes of physicians towards patients with HIV/AIDS: study of Anatolian group

PurposeThis paper aims to determine the knowledge and attitudes of the physicians regarding human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), to emphasize that these patients exist and they will exist in the future and to raise awareness so as to prevent that their rights to treatment are revoked.Design/methodology/approachThe survey was conducted via a link sent through an online system. Random physicians from 81 cities of the country were invited to the survey. The survey has 41 questions regarding knowledge and attitudes in total, including epidemiological information such as age, gender and title.FindingsA total of 3,107 physicians has voluntarily participated in the study. In total, 2,195 (70.7%) are internal physicians and 912 (29.3%) are surgical physicians among the participant physicians. In total, 1,452 (46.7%) of the participants are specialist physicians, 608 (19.6%) of the participants are practising physician and the rest of it is physician assistants, academicians and dentists, respectively.Originality/valueIn this study, it has been found out that the physicians have a lack of knowledge on HIV/AIDS and they adopt a discriminatory attitude towards HIV-positive persons. HIV-positive patients who are exposed to discrimination and scared of being uncovered refrain from applying to hospitals for treatment, which puts public health into jeopardy due to the high viral load and these patients are faced with difficulties in coping with both medical and emotional load of the disease.

Approach to adolescents with suicidal ideation

Introduction: Suicidal ideation is the presentation of self-destructive thoughts in apparently normal adolescents, it is a key predictor of future suicide attempts or completed suicide; worldwide and Ecuador, it is a significant public health problem, the etiology is multifactorial, the approach is difficult due to several factors such as social stigma, personal fears and denial, difficulty expressing their feelings and thoughts, several scales have been designed. . that help for early diagnosis and prevention, the main evaluation methods are Beck, Plutchik and ISO-30, intervention programs seek to create a protective environment through group and educational activities; Intervention strategies range from environmental awareness to cognitive-behavioral therapies. These programs seek to raise awareness, provide coping skills and support based on specific needs.Objective: To carry out a systematic review that allows us to analyze and determine the approach, risk factors and evaluation scales of adolescents with suicidal ideation, using updated scientific evidence, with the purpose of facilitating health personnel in the early identification and diagnosis of the school adolescents with suicidal ideation to avoid a fatal outcome.Materials and methods: an exhaustive search was carried out in PubMed, Google Scholar, Scielo and Redalyc using Boolean operators, articles in English and Spanish published in the last five years were analyzed, allowing the selection of original studies, systematic reviews and meta-analysis, in addition to exclude studies not relevant to the age group under study or that lacked a relationship with suicidal ideation.Results: Three key tools are described to evaluate suicidal ideation: the Plutchik Suicidal Risk Scale (ERSP), the ISO-30 Suicidal Orientations Inventory and the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS). The ERSP, adapted by Páez to Spanish, consists of 15 items and evaluates impulsivity, suicidal ideation and other related aspects. The ISO-30, validated in Spanish by Liporace and Casullo, addresses dimensions such as hopelessness, low self-esteem and loneliness, difficulty coping with emotional problems and suicidal thoughts. The BHS, developed by Beck, evaluates hopelessness and has 20 questions with true answers. or false, being a relevant indicator of possible suicidal behavior according to its total score.Conclusions: Suicidal ideation, suicide attempt and completed suicide have emerged as an important public health problem worldwide in the young population. In our country, the provinces of Pichincha and Azuay are the ones that have recorded the highest cases, the early identification of Suicidal ideation is crucial to prevent premature deaths, effective prevention and addressing require a comprehensive approach combining individual and community interventions, highlighting the importance of identifying risk factors and the implementation of preventive programs.

The open banking era: An optimal model for the emergency fund

The COVID-19 outbreak has negatively impacted the income of many bank users. Many users without emergency funds had difficulty coping with this unexpected event and had to use credit or apply to the government for bailout funds. Therefore, it is necessary to develop spending plans and deposit plans based on transaction data of users to assist them in saving sufficient emergency funds to cope with unexpected events. In this paper, an emergency fund model is proposed, and two optimization algorithms are applied to solve the optimal solution of the model. Secondly, an early warning mechanism is proposed, i.e. an unexpected prevention index and a consumption index are proposed to measure the ability of users to cope with unexpected events and the reasonableness of their expenditure respectively, which provides early warning to users. Finally, the model is experimented with real bank users and the performance of the model is analysed. The experiments show that compared to the no-planning scenario, the model helps users to save more emergency funds to cope with unexpected events, furthermore, the proposed model is real-time and sensitive.

A qualitative phenomenological exploration of prolonged grief in New Delhi, India.

Prolonged grief disorder (PGD) is a condition characterized by difficulty in coping effectively with the loss of loved ones. The proposed diagnostic criteria for PGD have been based predominantly on research from developed Western nations. The cultural variations associated with experience and expression of grief and associated mourning rituals have not been considered comprehensively. The current study aimed to understand the experience of prolonged grief in India through a qualitative enquiry with mental health professionals (focus group discussions) and affected individuals (key informant interviews). Several novel findings diverging from the current understanding of manifestation and narratives of PGD emerged from the study, including differences in the social contexts of bereavement and culture-specific magico-religious beliefs and idioms of distress. The findings point to limitations of existing diagnostic systems for PGD. The results of this study suggest that the assumption of content equivalence for psychiatric disorders across cultures may not be justified and that there is a need to develop culturally sensitive diagnostic criteria and assessment scales for PGD.

The Construction of Network Domain Name Security Access Identification System Based on Artificial Intelligence

With the popularization of the internet, cybercrime continues to increase, and traditional blacklist methods have difficulty in coping with new threats. To address this challenge, the authors propose a web domain name security access recognition algorithm based on bidirectional recurrent neural networks, aiming to more effectively combat domain name generation technology. This algorithm extracts richer semantic features at each layer through bidirectional recurrent neural networks to more accurately describe domain name features, thus effectively handling SGD problems in abnormal network traffic detection. The results show that compared with the other three algorithms, the model trained by HCA-BAGD has better performance and higher accuracy, successfully solving the problem of network security detection. This study emphasizes the importance of cybersecurity and emphasizes continuous innovation and the adoption of new technological tools to ensure the safe operation of the internet ecosystem, bringing new perspectives and solutions to research and applications in the field of cybersecurity.

Right BA 10 lesions impair performance on real-world planning but are not sensitive to problem novelty or tower tasks

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is associated with many cognitive functions, including planning. In the neuropsychology literature planning is reduced to “look ahead” ability and most extensively studied with the “tower” tasks. The most influential theoretical explanation is that planning is required in the absence of a routine solution and PFC patients have difficulty coping with novelty. There is an alternate view of planning that emphasizes the distinction between real world tasks and laboratory tower tasks. This account focuses on the structure of problem spaces and why patients with lesions to right PFC have difficulty navigating ill-structured problem spaces.To further explore these issues we administered two real world travel planning tasks to 56 Vietnam War veterans with penetrating brain lesions and 14 matched normal controls. One planning task involved familiar knowledge while the other involved knowledge unfamiliar to our participants. Participants also completed the D-KEFS tower task. A subset of 18 patients—with lesions to right anterior prefrontal cortex (BA 10)—were impaired in the travel planning task compared to normal controls. The task familiarity/novelty dimension affected performance across participant groups (familiar-task scores were higher than unfamiliar-task scores), but it did not differentially affect any group. An examination of cognitive strategies utilized by participants revealed that the impaired patient group had difficulty maintaining a sufficient level of abstraction and engaged the task at a much more concrete level than other participants. Interestingly, patients impaired in the real-world planning tasks were not impaired in the tower tasks. We conclude that patients with lesions to right BA 10 have difficulty in real-world planning tasks that can be attributed to difficulties in engaging problems at the appropriate level of abstraction.

Symptoms of depression and anxiety and stress among postgraduate trainees in Sri Lanka: Risk factors and implications for practice.

High workload, long working hours, and the need to study and work simultaneously put postgraduate trainee doctors at a high risk of depression, anxiety, and stress. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among all postgraduate trainees registered at the Postgraduate Institute of Medicine (PGIM), Sri Lanka, using the 21-item Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21). Eleven-point two percent (11.2%) had depressive symptoms, 8.9% had anxiety symptoms, and 1.9% had high levels of stress. Being female, having a past or current mental illness, not being supported by the trainers, being unfairly treated by trainers, dissatisfaction with the work environment, difficulty in coping with long working hours, and poor peer support were significantly associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety, and stress (P < 0.01). Given the association between psychological distress and the characteristics of training and work environment, the postgraduate training programs should be reviewed to ensure the psychological well-being of trainees.

59 The Impact of Anxiety on Memory Performance in Older Adults with Depression

Objective:Late life depression (LLD) refers to a diagnosis of major depressive disorder in people older than 60, and has been linked to significant cognitive impairment and increased risk of Alzheimer's disease. Although anxiety and depression are highly comorbid, the impact of anxiety on cognition in LLD is far less researched. This is important given that over 20% of middle aged and older adults endorse clinically significant chronic worry. Generalized anxiety disorder in older adults with major depression is associated with poorer cognition and worse treatment outcomes compared with those without anxiety. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to examine the role of anxiety on memory in LLD. We hypothesized that presence of anxiety among older depressed adults would be associated with worse cognitive performance over time.Participants and Methods:Participants included 124 individuals (69.4% female, 90.3% Caucasian) aged 60 or above (M = 71.5, SD = 7.4) who met criteria for major depression, single episode or recurrent. They completed the State Trait Anxiety Inventory, Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale, and a measure of verbal episodic memory (WMS-IV Logical Memory) as part of a larger neuropsychological battery. Data were collected from baseline to three years as part of a larger NIMH-supported longitudinal study. Two-level linear mixed-effect models were fitted to predict memory. State and trait anxiety were used as time-varying predictors. The between-person (level 2) and within-person (level 1) effects of anxiety on memory were assessed controlling for the time trend, age, education, gender, race, and change in depression over time.Results:Plot trajectories across variables revealed a negative correlation such that as anxiety decreased, memory improved over time. Hierarchical linear mixed-effect models revealed that average state anxiety was a marginally significant between-person (level2) predictor for memory [B=-0.041, t(128)=-1.8, p=0.083]. Individuals with greater average state anxiety were more likely to experience memory decline compared to those with lower average state anxiety. In addition, the within-person effect (level 1) of state anxiety was significant [B=-0.096, t(253)=-2.7, p=0.007]. As an individual's anxiety increased over time, their memory declined. Trait anxiety showed a significant within-person effect on memory [B=-0.087, t(254)=-2.0, p=0.048], but a non-significant between-person effect [B=-0.005, t(124)=-0.06, p=0.95].Conclusions:Anxiety appears to increase the risk of memory decline in older adults with major depression, a cohort who are already at risk of cognitive decline. Changes in anxiety increased risk of memory decline even when accounting for changes in depression over time. Although the causal link between anxiety and cognitive impairment remains unclear, it is possible that anxiety and worry may compete for cognitive resources necessary for demanding tasks and situations, detracting from abilities, such as attention and working memory. Older adults with depression may also have difficulty coping adaptively with anxiety, which may negatively affect cognition. Finally, presence of anxiety may represent a form of mild behavioral impairment, a prodrome of cognitive decline leading to dementia. Overall, the present study highlights the negative impact of anxiety on memory performance, indicating that treatment interventions targeting anxiety in older adults are essential to help prevent cognitive decline.

Women pregnant after previous perinatal loss: relationships between adult attachment, shame, and prenatal psychological outcomes

ABSTRACT Background Insecure adult attachment, shame, self-blame, and isolation following perinatal loss place bereaved women at risk of adverse psychological outcomes, which can impact child and family outcomes. To date, no research has considered how these variables continue to influence women’s psychological health in pregnancy subsequent to loss. Objective This study explored associations between prenatal psychological adjustment (less grief and distress) and adult attachment, shame, and social connectedness, in women pregnant after loss. Method Twenty-nine pregnant Australian women accessing a Pregnancy After Loss Clinic (PALC) completed measures of attachment styles, shame, self-blame, social connectedness, perinatal grief, and psychological distress. Results Four 2-step hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed adult attachment (secure/avoidant/anxious; Step 1), shame, self-blame, and social connectedness (Step 2) explained 74% difficulty coping, 74% total grief, 65% despair, and 57% active grief. Avoidant attachment predicted more difficulty coping and higher levels of despair. Self-blame predicted more active grief, difficulty coping, and despair. Social connectedness predicted lower active grief, and significantly mediated relationships between perinatal grief and all three attachment patterns (secure/avoidant/anxious). Conclusions Although avoidant attachment and self-blame can heighten grief in pregnancy after loss, focusing on social connectedness may be a helpful way for prenatal clinicians to support pregnant women during their subsequent pregnancy – and in grief.