Balance Difficulties Research Articles

CHALLENGES AND BENEFITS OF WORK-FROM-HOME POLICIES IN THE IT SECTOR: AN INDIAN PERSPECTIVE

The COVID-19 pandemic has catalyzed a widespread shift to remote work, particularly within the IT sector. This study investigates the unique challenges and benefits of work-from-home (WFH) policies in the Indian IT industry. By conducting a mixed-methods research approach, including surveys and interviews with IT professionals and HR managers, we uncover significant insights. The findings reveal that while WFH offers enhanced flexibility, reduced commuting time, and increased job satisfaction, it also presents challenges such as work-life balance disruption, communication barriers, and difficulties in team collaboration. Additionally, the Indian context introduces specific issues like varying internet connectivity and home infrastructure adequacy. The study provides a nuanced understanding of how cultural and socio-economic factors influence the effectiveness of WFH policies. Recommendations for optimizing WFH strategies in the IT sector include investing in digital infrastructure, fostering a supportive remote work culture, and implementing structured communication protocols. This research contributes to the broader discourse on remote work by highlighting the Indian perspective, thereby assisting policymakers and organizations in creating more resilient and inclusive WFH frameworks. KEYWORDS: Remote Work, IT Sector, Work-from-Home, Indian Perspective, Telecommuting Policies.

Effectiveness of Task-Oriented Training in Improving Gait in a Child with Ataxic Cerebral Palsy: A Case Report

This case report examines the impact of task-oriented training on gait improvement in a child with Ataxic Cerebral Palsy (CP), a rare subtype characterized by balance and coordination difficulties. The goal was to determine the effectiveness of this intervention in enhancing gait stability, motor coordination, and overall mobility. A 6-year-old boy with Ataxic CP underwent task-oriented training for five days per week over a four-week period. Each session lasted one hour and included lower limb strengthening, coordination exercises, stretching, and walking practice. The Holden Gait Scale (HG) and Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) were used to evaluate changes in the child's gait and motor function pre- and post-intervention. After one week of therapy, the child demonstrated reduced tremors and attempted to climb stairs independently. By the end of the four-week period, the child was able to walk approximately 200 meters indoors without displaying a high-guard posture, although supervision was still required when navigating stairs. Improvements in gait stability and balance were observed, though the scissor gait persisted. Task-oriented training proved to be an effective approach in improving gait stability and motor coordination in a child with Ataxic CP. However, challenges such as upper limb high guarding and scissor gait remained, indicating the need for further personalized rehabilitation strategies. Future research should focus on integrated interventions to address these residual issues and enhance the long-term outcomes for children with Ataxic CP.

Socioeconomic determinants and self-rated health among hotel housekeepers in the Balearic Islands (Spain).

Hotel housekeepers constitute an important occupational group in the Balearic Islands (Spain). Housekeeping is considered low-skilled and precarious and typically involves high physical demands and time pressure. The aim of this study is to analyze the association between the socioeconomic determinants of health and hotel housekeepers' self-rated health. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in Primary Health Care in the Balearic Islands (November 2018-February 2019). Hotel housekeepers over 18 years of age with free access to the Balearic Public Health System who had been employed during 2018 were eligible. We enrolled 1,043 hotel housekeepers; the mean score of health perceived status was 72.4/100 (SD 19.0). Those with a lower self-perceived health were statistically significant older, had Spanish nationality, lower level of studies, permanent or recurring seasonal contract, financial difficulties, a higher level of occupational stress, an external locus of control, reported work-life balance difficulties, were former smokers, insufficiently physical active and obese. We found lower scores in self-perceived health status score of -7.159 (CI95% -10.20- -4.12) among hotel housekeepers with osteoarthritis; -6.858 (CI95% -11.89- -1.82) among those with chronic depression; -3.697 (CI95% -6.08- -1.31) among those who reported difficulties in work-life balance; -2.414 (CI95% -4.69- -0.13) among participants who performed insufficient physical activity; -2.107 (CI% -4.44- -0.23) among those who reported financial strain. Lower self-rated health was also associated to a higher perceived stress, -1.440 (CI95% -2.09- -0.79); BMI (kg/m2), -0.299 (CI95% -0.53- -0.07); and longer time working as HH -0.177 (CI95% -0.33- -0.03). Our results underscore the importance of psychosocial (such as difficulties in work-life balance and occupational stress) and material factors (such as financial difficulties) when explaining differences in self-perceived health. Public health interventions aimed at improving health status must consider inequalities in material and working conditions.

Emotional competences as predictors of psychological wellbeing and quality of life of supplementary grandparents caregivers.

Grandparents are increasingly becoming key figures in the supplementary care of grandchildren. Based on the Resilience Model of Family Stress, Adjustment and Adaptation, the present study aims to analyze the emotional competences that canpl predict higher levels of psychological wellbeing and quality of life in supplementary grandparents caregivers. A sample of 270 supplementary grandparents caregivers living in Spain participated. Most participants were women (71.1%), and the mean age was 67.83 years (SD = 6.26). Most participants were occasional caregivers, that is, they care for less than 10 h per week (76.3%). We conducted hierarchical multiple regression analysis, one for psychological wellbeing and the other for quality of life. The regression model for psychological wellbeing identified that age, management of caregiving stress, self-confidence in the caregiving role, management of work-life balance difficulties and emotional self-regulation explained 32.8% of its variance. The regression model for quality of life showed that age, type of grandparent caregiver, management of caregiving stress, management of work-life balance difficulties and emotional self-regulation explained 31.2% of its variance. This study focuses on supplementary grandparents caregivers, whereas literature has tended to look at primary grandparents caregivers. The results highlight the role of emotional competences as predictors of supplementary grandparents caregivers' psychological wellbeing and quality of life, overcoming the usual tendency in the literature to focus on the negative consequences of grandparents caregiving for grandchildren, and emphasizing the competences that grandparents have to cope with this care in a satisfactory way, which, moreover, can be trained.

Research on multi-objective optimization method in the design of high-power nanocrystalline alloy high-frequency transformer

The optimization design of high-frequency transformer (HFT) is a multi-objective optimization problem owing to the mutual constraints between design parameters such as power density, efficiency and temperature rise, and traditional design methods often face difficulties in balancing and selecting multiple design parameters. Therefore, this paper derives the structural parameters of HFT, calculates the magnetic core losses and winding losses considering temperature effects, and establishes a 7-node thermal network model. Selecting power density and efficiency as optimization objectives, the HFT is optimized based on multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm and non-dominated genetic algorithm, and compared with traditional free parameter scanning method to analyze the advantages of intelligent optimization algorithm. Further, the influence of temperature rise calculation methods on the optimization design results of HFT is compared and analyzed. Finally, a nanocrystalline HFT with 17 MW/m3 power density and 99 % efficiency and an optimization scheme of HFT with 26 MW/m3 power density and 99.2 % efficiency are designed based on the proposed optimization design processes. The effectiveness of the calculation model and optimization method is verified through experimental measurement, and the essential principle of improving the HFT performance through optimization methods is explored through finite element simulation, providing theoretical reference and data support for the optimization design of nanocrystalline HFT.

The Effect of Sensorimotor Training on the Knee Proprioception and Functional Balance of Visually Impaired Women

Background and Aims Decreased vision is one of the sensory impairments that causes the sufferer to have difficulty in balancing and performing daily activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sensorimotor exercises on proprioception and balance in orderly women. Methods The present study is quasi-experimental and 30 women with visual impairment in the age range of 35 to 45 years were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group performed sensory-motor exercises for 8 weeks and three sessions per week. Before and after the exercises, knee proprioception at 40 to 60 degrees with imaging method and functional balance was measured using the Y test. ANCOVA test was used to analyze the data at the significance level of (P=0.05). Results The results showed that after the intervention of sensorimotor exercises, the proprioception of the knee joint at an angle of 40 to 60 degrees and functional balance in the experimental group compared to the control group significantly improved (P=0.0001). Conclusion Strengthening the proprioception through motor-sensory exercises and improving motor-sensory input can increase balance in the elderly. Sensory-motor exercises in the closed motor chain strengthen the deep sensory feedback of the lower limb muscles and thus improve the balance and deep sense of the elderly.

MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES FOR BUSINESS INTERNATIONALIZATION THROUGH FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT (FDI) IN GLOBALIZATION: TRENDS FOR VALUES

This paper analyzes and describes multinational companies as a business internationalization strategy through foreign direct investments FDIs for business internationalization to reach business values in the frames of globalization. The analysis and results demonstrated that Multinational companies (MNCs) and foreign direct investments (FDIs) may face challenges and risks in new locations, economic and political instability, difficulties of infrastructure, distrust in the locations, locations, difficulties of balance in payment, challenging negotiations in business agreements and quality contracts, borders and transportation challenges, challenging in the market size. Multinational companies that go for foreign direct investment have an economic impact and can affect a country's economy in various ways, for example, in the balance of payments, in growth rates and in job creation. The effect of foreign direct investment by multinational companies can be negative or positive depending on certain factors. A multinational company’s pattern of internationalization represents different factors of possibilities, costs, risks and difficulties faced during its internationalization. In conclusion, Foreign direct investment (FDI) is an important step towards business internationalization and if the domestic company decides to go multinational towards FDI, it has to consider the factors of ownership, location and internalization to reach business internationalization as confirmed in Dunning’s framework and this analysis.

A randomized phase III clinical trial of yoga for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy treatment (YCT).

TPS12152 Background: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is common and debilitating among cancer survivors receiving neurotoxic chemotherapy, which can cause functional disabilities and significantly increase the risk of falls. There are limited approaches to managing CIPN symptoms and related functional limitations. Our pilot study demonstrated yoga therapy's feasibility and preliminary efficacy in improving CIPN pain and functional outcomes. We developed the YCT trial to assess the effect of yoga therapy on improving pain and balance symptoms among cancer survivors with CIPN pain. Methods: YCT is a prospective phase III multicenter, parallel three-arm randomized clinical trial at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05121558). YCT aims to determine the efficacy of an eight-week yoga treatment vs. education control (EC) vs. usual care (UC) in improving CIPN pain and balance in cancer survivors. We plan to enroll and randomize 268 participants (2:1:1) to yoga, EC, and UC groups to detect an effect size of at least 0.48 for the primary pain outcome at eight weeks post-randomization between yoga vs. EC, with 80% power and a 2.5% Type I error rate, assuming 12% attrition by week 8 and 20% attrition by week 24. Major eligibility criteria include 1) adults who have no evidence of disease or stable diseases, 2) who have completed neurotoxic chemotherapy such as platinum agents, taxanes, vinca alkaloids, and bortezomib at least three months before enrollment, 3) who have a clinical diagnosis of CIPN with moderate to severe pain, defined as a score of at least four on the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) average pain item, and 4) who experience self-identified CIPN balance difficulty. Eligible subjects in the yoga arm will receive hourly gentle therapeutic yoga classes taught by protocol-trained oncology yoga instructors, twice weekly for eight weeks, and practice home-based yoga. Subjects in the EC arm will receive hourly education classes taught by protocol-trained healthcare instructors twice weekly for eight weeks. Subjects in the UC arm will continue usual care for eight weeks. We offer free yoga sessions for participants in control groups after study completion. Aside from patient-reported outcome measures (i.e., BPI, FACT/GOG-Ntx, QLQ-CIPN 20), we measured functional improvements by functional reach, timed up-and-go, and chair-to-stand tests. We also conducted quantitative sensory testing to assess changes in sensory function. Progress: 1) We are transitioning this trial to a multicenter trial, with DFCI being the coordinating center and MSK a subsite; 2) As of January 18, 2024, 104 of the planned 268 participants have been enrolled. We anticipate initiating participant enrollment at DFCI in February 2024. Anticipated accrual completion: March 2025. Clinical trial information: NCT05121558 .

Cultural adaptation and Sepedi translation of the Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale.

The Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale is a widely used measure to identify older adults with balance difficulties. However, its applicability in the diverse South African context is hindered by cross-cultural and linguistic differences. Limited research exists on the use of the ABC scale in native South African languages. This study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the ABC scale into Sepedi, evaluate its reliability and determine self-perceived balance confidence among elderly individuals in a rural community. The ABC scale was translated and culturally adapted into Sepedi. Two trained raters administered the Sepedi version of the ABC (ABC-S) scale to 32 individuals aged between 60 and 88 years. Test-retest reliability and inter-rater reliability were determined, with one rater re-administering the scale 2 weeks later. Ten items from the original ABC scale were modified because of cultural, semantic or contextual inappropriateness. The ABC-S scale demonstrated very good intra- and inter-rater reproducibility, with an average intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.85 and 0.81, respectively. The self-perceived balance confidence among elderly Sepedi individuals, as evaluated by the ABC-S scale, was high, with an average score of 81.3 and a range of 58.1 to 95.9. The ABC-S scale is a reliable measurement tool to investigate balance confidence in Sepedi-speaking older adults.Contribution:The ABC-S scale is a valuable screening tool for the identification of balance difficulties in Sepedi-speaking older adults as well as research settings.

Corticomuscular and intermuscular coherence as a function of age and walking balance difficulty

We determined beta-band intermuscular (IMC) and corticomuscular coherence (CMC) as a function of age and walking balance difficulty. Younger (n=14, 23y) and older individuals (n=19, 71y) walked 13 m overground, on a 6-cm-wide ribbon overground, and on a 6-cm-wide (5-cm-high) beam. Walking distance as a proxy for walking balance and speed were computed. CMC was estimated between electroencephalographic signal at Cz electrode and surface electromyographic signals of seven leg muscles, while IMC was calculated in four pairs of leg muscles, during stance and swing gait phases. With increasing difficulty, walking balance decreased in old individuals and speed decreased gradually independent of age. Beam walking increased IMC, while age increased IMC in proximal muscle pairs, and decreased IMC in distal muscle pairs. Age and difficulty increased CMC independent of gait phases. Concluding, CMC and IMC increased with walking balance difficulty and age, except for distal muscle pairs, which had lower IMC with age. These findings suggest an age-related increase in corticospinal involvement in the neural control of walking balance. Data AvailabilityThe datasets used in this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

The possibility of a theory of change to tackle the climate crisis in a UK university

Purpose This paper aims to discuss the practical dilemmas of institutional change to tackle the climate crisis in a UK university, identifying key assumptions and issues that block meaningful change. The research was part of an initiative to define a theory of change (ToC) to meet the university’s institutional climate commitments. Design/methodology/approach The findings are based on interviews with members of an inter-disciplinary ToC working group, a staff–student climate coalition and student representatives at the university. Interviewees were purposively selected to gain insights into assumptions about the nature of the university and its role in tackling the climate crisis, which must be addressed for the university to effectively implement its climate plan. Findings This paper identified tensions between the university’s role as a public and commercial institution, a lack of clarity over decision-making processes and the difficulties in balancing (and being transparent about) actions with commitments to tackle the climate crisis. A democratic and flexible approach to change is essential to mitigate these issues, providing an opportunity to reflect on the diversity of the university community and openly debate goals and commitments. Originality/value In setting out the initial steps of a ToC in a UK university, this paper offers practical insights for higher education institutions looking to change practices. By highlighting assumptions at a particular institution, this paper also contributes a level of granularity to a growing field of research on efforts in higher education institutions to tackle the climate crisis.

Precise cortical contributions to sensorimotor feedback control during reactive balance.

The role of the cortex in shaping automatic whole-body motor behaviors such as walking and balance is poorly understood. Gait and balance are typically mediated through subcortical circuits, with the cortex becoming engaged as needed on an individual basis by task difficulty and complexity. However, we lack a mechanistic understanding of how increased cortical contribution to whole-body movements shapes motor output. Here we use reactive balance recovery as a paradigm to identify relationships between hierarchical control mechanisms and their engagement across balance tasks of increasing difficulty in young adults. We hypothesize that parallel sensorimotor feedback loops engaging subcortical and cortical circuits contribute to balance-correcting muscle activity, and that the involvement of cortical circuits increases with balance challenge. We decomposed balance-correcting muscle activity based on hypothesized subcortically- and cortically-mediated feedback components driven by similar sensory information, but with different loop delays. The initial balance-correcting muscle activity was engaged at all levels of balance difficulty. Its onset latency was consistent with subcortical sensorimotor loops observed in the lower limb. An even later, presumed, cortically-mediated burst of muscle activity became additionally engaged as balance task difficulty increased, at latencies consistent with longer transcortical sensorimotor loops. We further demonstrate that evoked cortical activity in central midline areas measured using electroencephalography (EEG) can be explained by a similar sensory transformation as muscle activity but at a delay consistent with its role in a transcortical loop driving later cortical contributions to balance-correcting muscle activity. These results demonstrate that a neuromechanical model of muscle activity can be used to infer cortical contributions to muscle activity without recording brain activity. Our model may provide a useful framework for evaluating changes in cortical contributions to balance that are associated with falls in older adults and in neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease.

Comparative Analysis Using Machine Learning Algorithms to Detect Parkinson’s Disease using Voice Dataset

Abstract: Parkinson's disease is a degenerative disorder that affects the control of movement, and its symptoms include tremors, stiffness, and difficulties in balance and coordination. This disease results from a decrease in dopamine-producing cells in the brain, and although there is currently no cure for Parkinson's, medication and therapeutic interventions can help alleviate the symptoms. Parkinson's disease usually begins to show its effects in middle to late adulthood. A new measure of dysphonia, Pitch Period Entropy (PPE) assesses the variability or randomness of pitch periods in speech signals, providing insights into the diversity of vocal characteristics. Higher entropy values suggest greater pitch variability in a speaker's voice. PPE is included in the dataset. The methodologies used in this project are Random Forest, Support vector classifier, Extreme gradient boosting (XGB). This comparative study includes performance metrics: Accuracy, precision, Recall, f1 score, and support. The aim is to predict Parkinson's disease and compare performance metrics using various methods.

Biomechanical gait analysis and rehabilitation in a traumatic hallux deficit patient: a case report

BackgroundThe hallux plays a crucial role in maintaining standing balance and facilitating forward and backward movements during gait.Case presentationA 21-year-old Japanese patient, suffering from a traumatic hallux deficit with only a portion of the basal phalanx intact, underwent rehabilitation treatment. The thenar area exhibited instability, leading to impaired balance and walking difficulties. Biomechanical assessment revealed the need for a rehabilitation strategy for the foot, as well as the knee, hip, and trunk. A rehabilitation protocol was designed to enhance medial foot loading during walking and standing, including balance and trunk strength training. After a 12-week rehabilitation period, the patient’s gait showed significant improvement. Specifically, the load response and single-support phases of the gait cycle on the affected side increased from 46.9% to 49.3%, while the pre-swing phase decreased from 14.6% to 11.6%. The vertical component of the ground reaction force rose from 599.8 to 647.5 N. The enhanced stability from balance training and increased muscle strength contributed to the patient’s improved walking and balance.ConclusionA patient with a traumatic hallux deficit underwent conservative treatment through strategic rehabilitation according to biomechanical assessment. This case report underscores the value of biomechanical gait analysis in the conservative management of similar conditions.

Accounting journal entries as a long‐term multivariate time series: Forecasting wholesale warehouse output

AbstractLess than 2 years ago, many small entrepreneurs in the commodities trading business faced price volatility, which had not been the case for the last few decades. Generally, the income section of the profit and loss statement was not the main problem, especially in building material commodities trading, due to the recent growth in real estate demand. Logistic disorders, raw material shortages, inflation, and interest rate growth caused difficulties in supply management and warehouse balancing, which were reflected in a particular significant expense called the cost of goods sold. The real problem of its forecasting was identified, and data from accounting books likely contain information about previous warehouse dynamics. This paper presents how accounting data are prepared and shaped into time series suitable for machine learning algorithms, the relevant literature that helped in algorithm selection, and the development and description of the forecasting model, as well as its benchmarking with traditional forecasting models. Visualization and mean squared error loss measured on unseen data show that the model has proven more successful than expected. Based on data from four journal accounts spanning over 14 years, the model predicts the debit and credit sides of the wholesale warehouse for 150 working days.

Optimizing and Implementing a Community-Based Group Fall Prevention Program: A Mixed Methods Study.

Falls and fall-related injuries among older adults are associated with decreased health. Therefore, fall prevention programs (FPPs) are increasingly important. However, the translation of such complex programs into clinical practice lacks insight into factors that influence implementation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify how to optimize and further implement a widely used group-based FPP in the Netherlands among participants, therapists and stakeholders using a mixed methods study. FPP participants and therapists filled out a questionnaire about their experiences with the FPP. Moreover, three focus groups were conducted with FPP participants, one with therapists and one with other stakeholders. Data were analysed according to the thematic analysis approach of Braun and Clarke. Overall, 93% of the 104 FPP participants were satisfied with the FPP and 86% (n = 12) of the therapists would recommend the FPP to older adults with balance or mobility difficulties. Moreover, six themes were identified regarding further implementation: (1) recruiting and motivating older adults to participate; (2) structure and content of the program; (3) awareness, confidence and physical effects; (4) training with peers; (5) funding and costs; and (6) long-term continuation. This study resulted in practical recommendations for optimizing and further implementing FPPs in practice.

Treatment effects of N-acetyl cysteine on resting-state functional MRI and cognitive performance in patients with chronic mild traumatic brain injury: a longitudinal study.

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a significant public health concern, specially characterized by a complex pattern of abnormal neural activity and functional connectivity. It is often associated with a broad spectrum of short-term and long-term cognitive and behavioral symptoms including memory dysfunction, headache, and balance difficulties. Furthermore, there is evidence that oxidative stress significantly contributes to these symptoms and neurophysiological changes. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on brain function and chronic symptoms in mTBI patients. Fifty patients diagnosed with chronic mTBI participated in this study. They were categorized into two groups including controls (CN, n = 25), and patients receiving treatment with N-acetyl cysteine (NAC, n = 25). NAC group received 50 mg/kg intravenous (IV) medication once a day per week. In the rest of the week, they took one 500 mg NAC tablet twice per day. Each patient underwent rs-fMRI scanning at two timepoints including the baseline and 3 months later at follow-up, while the NAC group received a combination of oral and IV NAC over that time. Three rs-fMRI metrics were measured including fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (fALFF), degree centrality (DC), and functional connectivity strength (FCS). Neuropsychological tests were also assessed at the same day of scanning for each patient. The alteration of rs-fMRI metrics and cognitive scores were measured over 3 months treatment with NAC. Then, the correlation analysis was executed to estimate the association of rs-fMRI measurements and cognitive performance over 3 months (p < 0.05). Two significant group-by-time effects demonstrated the changes of rs-fMRI metrics particularly in the regions located in the default mode network (DMN), sensorimotor network, and emotional circuits that were significantly correlated with cognitive function recovery over 3 months treatment with NAC (p < 0.05). NAC appears to modulate neural activity and functional connectivity in specific brain networks, and these changes could account for clinical improvement. This study confirmed the short-term therapeutic efficacy of NAC in chronic mTBI patients that may contribute to understanding of neurophysiological effects of NAC in mTBI. These findings encourage further research on long-term neurobehavioral assessment of NAC assisting development of therapeutic plans in mTBI.

Analysis of Cortico-Muscular Coupling and Functional Brain Network under Different Standing Balance Paradigms.

Maintaining standing balance is essential for people to engage in productive activities in daily life. However, the process of interaction between the cortex and the muscles during balance regulation is understudied. Four balance paradigms of different difficulty were designed by closing eyes and laying sponge pad under feet. Ten healthy subjects were recruited to stand for ten 15 s trials in each paradigm. This study used simultaneously acquired electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) to investigate changes in the human cortico-muscular coupling relationship and functional brain network characteristics during balance control. The coherence and causality of EEG and EMG signals were calculated by magnitude-squared coherence (MSC) and transfer entropy (TE). It was found that changes in balance strategies may lead to a shift in cortico-muscular coherence (CMC) from the beta band to the gamma band when the difficulty of balance increased. As subjects performed the four standing balance paradigms, the causality of the beta band and the gamma band was stronger in the descending neural pathway than that in the ascending neural pathway. A multi-rhythmic functional brain network with 19 EEG channels was constructed and analyzed based on graph theory, showing that its topology also changed with changes in balance difficulty. These results show an active adjustment of the sensorimotor system under different balance paradigms and provide new insights into the endogenous physiological mechanisms underlying the control of standing balance.

An Energy Storage Capacity Configuration Method for a Provincial Power System Considering Flexible Adjustment of the Tie-Line

A high proportion of renewable generators are widely integrated into the power system. Due to the output uncertainty of renewable energy, the demand for flexible resources is greatly increased in order to meet the real-time balance of the system. But the investment cost of flexible resources, such as energy storage equipment, is still high. It is necessary to propose a method for determining the capacity of energy storage scientifically. An optimization and planning method of energy storage capacity is proposed. It is characterized by determining the optimal capacity of energy storage by carrying out 8760 hours of time series simulation for a provincial power grid with energy storage. Firstly, the current situation of power supply and demand for provincial power grids is analyzed. The difficulty of realizing a power balance at different time scales is analyzed. Then, the source load balancing solutions at different time scales are proposed. The difficulty of a long-term power balance can be alleviated by flexibly adjusting the power on the tie-line of the provincial power grid. And the difficulty of a short-term power balance can be met through energy storage. In addition, an optimal planning model of an energy storage system is established with the power supply cost as the objective function. The optimal capacity of the energy storage is determined by comparing the objective function of different planning schemes. Finally, a case study is carried out. It is found that flexible adjustment of interprovincial interconnection lines can reduce the maximum demand for electricity from 8.439 billion kWh to 2.299 billion kWh. At the same time, the curtailment ratio of renewable electricity can be decreased from 12.6% to 5.0% by using energy storage. However, the average power supply cost of the system gradually increases from 0.307 CNY/kWh to 0.485 CNY/kWh. It is necessary to fully tap into the various values of energy storage equipment.

An Operative IoT Grounded AEEBLR (Ant-Founded Efficient Energy and Balanced Load Routing) Method for Path Conjunction in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks Approach

An architecture for a wireless network that is constantly developing, decentralized, and multi-hop is called a mobile ad hoc network. MANETs are able to function in many different contexts where regular networks are unable. As can be seen from the advantages listed above, these networks are well-suited for a wide variety of applications, some of which include military and commercial use, as well as applications relating to disaster management, rescue operations, and defense. Energy conservation is a standard factor that indicates the overall network lifetime in mobile ad hoc networks that operate on rechargeable or replaceable battery. This is because usage, battery power consumption in relation to transmission range, type of application running on each device, location, and other influences all play a part in determining the overall network lifetime. An earlier study used a method called ant colony optimization, which is a form of swarm intelligence enthused by the activity of foraging ants in colonies. The best possible travel plan was found using this strategy. Current MANETS routing systems face difficulties in load balancing and energy efficiency that must be overcome if optimal path convergence is to be achieved. When deciding on the next hop node, the IoT based AEEBLR method is recommended. The latency, energy consumption, congestion, and connection quality are all taken into account before making a final decision. The likelihood of selecting the next-hop node as the neighbor node is determined using these metrics. It is the following hop's probability that determines which ant agent goes forward and which goes backward. This paves the door for the creation of many paths, from which the most effective might be chosen for transmission. The results of the implementation show that the suggested AEEBLR technique outperforms the existing AESR approach when the number of packets, the number of nodes, and the mobility of nodes are all varied.