Difficult Work Research Articles

COMBINED HYPOXIC AND PHYSICAL TRAININGS — EFFECTIVE MEANS OF EMERGENCY INCREASE OF PHYSICAL ENDURANCE OF SPECIALISTS WITH DIFFICULT WORKING CONDITIONS

Introduction. Special conditions for the activity of specialists of the naval crews are often «forced» to function at the limit of the physiological capabilities of the body, requiring constant maintenance of a high level of physical working capacity. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of combined physical and normobaric hypoxic training for an emergency increase in the physical endurance of ship specialists and other representatives of «dangerous» occupations. Materials and methods. Were examined 18 men (10 people — the main group, 8 people — the control group) aged 19–22 years. The subjects of both groups performed workouts on exercise bikes: work power 1,2 W/kg, duration 2 hours, the total number of training sessions 14. For people of the main group, physical training was carried out under conditions of normobaric hypoxia created in the normobaric hypoxic complex, with an oxygen content of about 16% (15,9 kPa). In persons of the control group, hypoxia conditions were imitated: atmospheric air was supplied to the premises of the hypoxic complex. The physical endurance of the subjects was evaluated by the maximum oxygen consumption indicator. Results and its discussion. The studies revealed that the effectiveness of training in individuals of the main group turned out to be significantly higher compared to the control, as evidenced by the results of control tests of physical endurance, carried out both immediately after the training and in the long-term observation period. Thus, the method of combined physical and normobaric hypoxic training can be considered as an effective and safe means of emergency and persistent increase in physical endurance of ship specialists and of other categories of people with difficult and dangerous working conditions.

Distinguishing Physician Burnout From MDD: It’s Not Trivial

Distinguishing Physician Burnout From MDD: It’s Not Trivial

On Uche Okeke’s “Art in Development – A Nigerian Perspective”

In our difficult work of building up a truly modern African art to be cherished and appreciated for its own sake – not only for its functional values, we are inspired by the struggle of such modern...

Of Discovery and Dread: Unpacking the Complex Effects of International Business Travel Frequency

The ever-increasing need for a globally mobile workforce has led many employees to take on an often difficult global work role, one requiring frequent international business travel. Due to the dual nature of international business travel – both enriching and depleting – it is still unclear when and how it enables some international business travelers (IBTs) to thrive and embrace their global work role responsibilities, while pushing others to abandon this line of work all together. Following, I suggest that organizations need to provide IBTs with ample developmental opportunities (i.e., work role challenges) as part of their overall work role responsibilities, so as to motivate IBTs and help them to see frequent travel as an enriching, rather than a depleting experience. By integrating two theories of motivation - conservation of resources theory and the challenge-hindrance demands framework - I develop and test a model where, through the psychological state of thriving at work, travel frequency could have both positive and negative indirect effects on IBTs’ intent to abandon their global work role responsibilities (i.e., global role turnover intentions). Using latent moderated structural equation modeling (LMS) to test the proposed model on a sample of 204 IBTs, collected at two different points in time, I found that travel frequency did indeed indirectly affect IBTs’ global role turnover intentions through thriving. The nature of these indirect effects largely depended on the level of work role challenges.

Undercurrents of Power: Aquatic Culture in the African Diaspora

The first written account of surfing, according to most scholars, dates to 1778 in Hawaii. Yet, as Kevin Dawson (a surfer himself) points out, those scholars are “a hundred and forty years too late, and some ten thousand miles off the mark,” because the first account of surfing was actually recorded in the 1640s on Africa's Gold Coast (p. 28). This is one of many surprises that readers will find in Dawson's enlightening Undercurrents of Power, which explores the “aquatic fluencies” of early modern Africans and African-descended people, concentrating on the eighteenth century (p. 2). Rejecting the “landlocked paradigms” that have, in Dawson's view, predominated in studies of the African diaspora, he shows how “waterscapes” served as crucial social, cultural, and working spaces on both sides of the Atlantic (p. 251).Dawson argues that people throughout Africa lived, worked, and socialized along rivers, lakes, and the sea and that the many aquatic skills they developed in those “amphibious culturescapes”—especially swimming, underwater diving, canoe making, and canoeing—were easily transferred to the Americas along with a host of cultural practices and spiritual beliefs about water (p. 4). The book is divided into two parts, the first on “swimming culture” and the second on “canoe culture,” with topical chapters that move between Africa and the Americas. Dawson contrasts the excellent swimming abilities of Africans and their descendants—who were proficient swimmers from early childhood—with Europeans, most of whom were either nonswimmers or bad swimmers who frequently drowned in maritime accidents. “Swimming pervaded Africans' muscle memory,” Dawson writes, “and was one of the easiest skills to carry to the Americas” (p. 12).Once there, enslaved Africans used their aquatic expertise in a variety of ways, including as a means of evading whites who tried to sexually abuse them and as a pathway to freedom. Enslaved men participated in “aquatic blood sports” such as shark and alligator fighting and raced canoes as ways of displaying bravery and masculine honor. In these and other ways, swimming “took on new meanings” under New World slavery, distinguishing slaves “from their poor-swimming enslavers” and “becoming . . . a form of cultural resilience and resistance” (p. 36). Dawson similarly stresses the “strikingly similar” designs of African and American dugout canoes as evidence of the “persistence of African canoe-making expertise” in the Americas in order to support his larger argument for cultural retention (pp. 102, 155).At the same time, the aquatic skills that Africans brought to the Americas and passed on to their children were central to the project of European colonization, with enslavers virtually everywhere putting Africans to work as underwater divers, salvagers of shipwrecks, and makers of canoes used to transport plantation produce. Dawson devotes considerable attention to the dangerous and difficult work of divers, who “pried concessions from enslavers, exchanging prowess for semi-independent lives of privileged exploitation” (p. 85). From the Pearl Coast of South America—which “probably generated more wealth than anywhere else in the Americas” before the discovery of silver in what is now Peru—to maritime colonies such as Bermuda and the Bahamas, which relied not on plantation agriculture but on salvaging shipwrecks, enslaved divers' labor enriched colonizers (p. 72). Europeans relied on African maritime expertise along Africa's Atlantic coast, too—most notably the canoeists who transported goods and captives between European sailing ships and African shores.Overall, Undercurrents of Power is an important contribution to the study of Atlantic slavery and the African diaspora that succeeds in illuminating the many ways that “slaves recreated and reimagined African traditions in New World waterscapes” (p. 251). Dawson's ability to synthesize a broad range of (mostly) English-language sources that document African practices of swimming, diving, boat making, and canoeing in West Africa, the Caribbean, and North America is impressive and should inspire scholars of Latin America to pay greater attention to the ways that waterscapes were central to the experiences of enslaved people throughout the Americas.

ANALYSIS OF HARMFUL AND DANGEROUS PRODUCTIVE FACTORS OF ELECTROMETALLURGY PRODUCTION

The health of the working population is shaped by a whole range of factors, including working conditions, economic conditions, the way and quality of life are leading, determining the level of health of the population and labor potential of any country.An important place in the structure of factors that shape the health of workers belongs to working conditions. One of the most numerous contingents that are subject to increased professional risk is workers in metallurgical production, 75% of whom work in conditions that do not meet hygienic standards. At the present stage of development of electrometallurgy production, the replacement of old technological equipment and the introduction of new technologies are extremely slow. This gives rise to a number of acute hygienic problems and the significant influence of dangerous and harmful factors of the production environment of electrometallurgy production on the health of workers remains.Dangerous and harmful production factors are the main causes of real potential hazards in the enterprise. Working conditions in electrometallurgy production are characterized by a harmful microclimate, intense thermal radiation, sharp temperature changes, high concentrations of dust and intense noise. The working conditions and the labor process in electrometallurgy production belong to III to the class 3 degrees. The workplace of the steelmaker electric furnace has 2 factors of I degree, 2 factors of II degree and 5 factors of III degree. According to the indicators, the workplace should be considered with especially harmful and especially difficult working conditions.The complete exception of dangerous and harmful productive factors in the conditions of production is impossible, but the decline of their negative influence is quite needed attainable task that it is necessary to decide by development and application of corresponding measures and facilities.

Arduino Based Color Sorting Machine using TCS3200 Color Sensor

Sorting of object is an essential mechanical process in which difficult work is quite required. Chronic manual arranging makes consistency troubles. Machines can perform mainly dreary assignments superior to human beings. Laborer exhaustion on sequential manufacturing structures can result in decreased execution, and purpose troubles in retaining up object fine. A employee who has been appearing research undertaking over and over may additionally in the end forget about to recognize the color of item, but a machine in no way. On this paper a compact records close to arranging of articles based totally totally on shading has been implemented making use of TCS3200 shading sensor with SERVOMOTORS associated with AURDINO UNO

Mining method for cancer and pre-cancer detection caused by mutant codon 248 in TP53

Process of prediction has a substantial function in detecting and efficient protection of cancer. The tumor suppressor P53 is approximately near 50% of all human beings tumors due to the mutations which is appear in the TP53 gene to the cells within updated UMD TP53 Mutation Database Oct. 2017 [1], it is so difficult working with prime data (in excel) to predict and diagnosis cancers. In this research a functional model of mining approach and Artificial Neural Network which is proposed to predict cancer and pre-cancer caused by specific codon mutation (each codon has hundreds mutations cause cancers) of tumor protein P53, and applied this approach on mutability of hotspot codon 248 (exon 7), CGG. The Quick Propagation mechanism has been used for training and testing the Neural Network structure to determine the accuracy of the proposed architecture. This research procedure demonstrates that Neural Network based prediction of Cancer and Premalignant Disease (pre-cancer) of mutated codon 248 and manifests perfect performance in the prognosis of the mutation situation to pre-cancer or cancer in general. Using of data mining preprocessing steps and pattern extraction to construct the prediction model by selecting (8) out of (132) new TP53 gene database fields in order to classify the cases to the target class pathology (Cancer, Pre-cancer) using these fields. A high professional Neural Network software simulation (Alyuda NeuroIntellegence) is used to build the classifier and Neural Network, the testing and experimental results from the proposed architecture shows that using Quick Propagation algorithm is very accurate in term of accuracy and minimum error rates showing the results of accuracy (99.97%, 100%, 99.85%) for (Train, Validation and Test) phases respectively with error rate of (0.0003, 0, 0.0015) for (Train, Validation and Test) phases respectively.

Strategies to Assist Distance Doctoral Students in Completing Their Dissertations

Completing doctoral dissertations is difficult work and may be harder for distance students physically separated from institutional and collegial supports. Inability to complete independent research contributes to doctoral student attrition. Factors impacting completion include institutional factors, student characteristics, and supervisory arrangements (Manathunga, 2005). This paper shares proactive strategies used by a Midwestern university in the United States to support distance doctoral students. Strategies and technology tools are described that (a) cultivate a shared culture of responsibility and commitment, (b) increase effective communication between researchers, and (c) grow departmental and institutional services and technologies for faculty and students. This paper suggests the use of a specific framework to help students develop a shared culture of responsibility. This framework encourages students to discuss their social network, as well as teaches students how to manage their split life by using a tool which evaluates a student’s readiness for the dissertation process and maps out where dissertation skills and knowledge are developed throughout the program. Strategies for effective communication include availability, effective feedback, trust, and humor. Services and technologies provided to build capacity include the use of online and library resources, campus-wide use of research software, writing and research services, and department supports and processes to promote student research. These mechanisms for accountability, mentoring, training, and trust increase the likelihood of success.

Thermal maturity determination for oil prone organic matter based on the Raman spectra of artificial matured samples

Thermal maturity determination for oil prone organic matter (OM) is a very important and difficult work, especially for the source rock with vitrinite absence. In this study, vitrinite reflectance and Raman spectroscopy of 23 coal samples with maturity ranged from 0.55%Ro to 5.32%Ro were measured. The authors proposed that Raman parameters of band D position (Dp) and the distance between bands D and G (D–G) are excellent maturity indexes. A coal sample and two oil prone kerogens of low maturity were matured artificially by heating in gold tube system. The maturities of pyrolysis residues at different pyrolysis temperature were determined by comparing the Raman maturity parameters between of geological and artificial matured coal samples. The pyrolysis residues of oil prone kerogen share a same maturity as that of coal at corresponding pyrolysis temperature as they were heated in same pyrolysis condition. On the base of these works, two equations to determine the maturity of oil prone OM were set up by using Raman maturity parameters of Dp and D-G.

Known unknowns: Filling the gaps in scientific knowledge production in the Caatinga

The Caatinga is an ecologically unique semi-arid region of northeast Brazil characterized by high levels of endemism and severe anthropogenic threats from agricultural development and climate change. It is also one of the least known biomes in Brazil due to a combination of inadequate investment, low regional research capacity and difficult working conditions. However, while the lack of scientific knowledge of the Caatinga is well known, the spatial and temporal distribution of knowledge production has not been investigated. This is important because such biases undermine the development of effective conservation policy and practice and increase the uncertainty associated with conservation actions. Here, we map the geography of conservation knowledge production in the Caatinga and use an innovative hurdle model to identify the presumptive factors driving these patterns. Our analysis revealed strong geographic patterns, with research sites concentrated in the east of the region and in areas close to roads and research centres. There was also a positive association between conservation knowledge production and risk of desertification, indicating that conservation scientists are responding to conservation challenges faced by Caatinga’s fauna and flora arising from climate change. Our results also highlight the pivotal role of pioneer scientists (those who develop research sites in previously unstudied/understudied areas) in determining the future geographic patterns of knowledge production. We conclude our article with a brief discussion of potential policies for increasing the spatial representativeness of conservation research in this remarkable ecosystem.

FACTORS OF INFLUENCE ON PROFESSIONAL PREPARATION OF FUTURE PILOTS OF CIVIL AVIATION

The article deals with the conceptual problems of pilot physical and psychological trainings, the importance of physical training of intended pilot of civil aviation, pay attention to the fact of health indicator topicality, specialists of aviation industry qualification, detection of elements and factors of flight trainings for increasing the quality and safety of flights, prove the fact that improvement of physical possibilities can lead to decreasing of air crash accidents and incidents. The development of one of the most important skills-endurance- facilitates systematic sports and doing special exercises. Physical training should be aimed at both the development of the physical component of health and the improvement of the organism’s stability to difficult work conditions. Increasing the level of concentration, increasing the speed of the reaction and improving the speed of decision making, health promotion and the prevention of chronic diseases can be achieved by systematic sports, observance of the rules of the day and right nutrition. An important condition for professional training of the body of pilots to overload during the conduct of experiments was found that the adverse effect on the body of overloads is accompanied by a number of compensatory reactions. To reduce the negative impact of overload on the body was developed a set of exercises, which contributes to the improvement of compensatory mechanisms. These include running, aerobics, swimming, elements of sailing and other exercises that require intensive work of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems and also bring speed endurance. It has been experimentally proved that the systematic use of such complex of exercises among civil aviation pilots who have experienced the maximum overload showed much better results than those who did not use this complex. No less important role in physical training play trainings on special stands, such as rotary swings and centrifuge. The process of physical training emphasizes the training of endurance, makes it possible to improve positive influence on psychological state of pilots, maintain high indexes of state of health that will provide the flight safety

Acknowledgments

Thanking well is difficult work. And only someone who has attempted to convey thanks will know of the adversity one finds in trying to find (one’s own?) words of thanks. In an academic or we might say more broadly, bibliophilic context, the name we give to that moment of expressed and explicit (which is to say sanctioned) thanks is (the) Acknowledgments. The Cavellian resonances and overlaps of significance for this capitalized, capstone forum will stand out in high relief, even at first glance. But it is to the deep relationships between what an understanding of the Cavellian concept (or conception or even better, re-conception) of acknowledgment might (or must) betoken about the genre we call Acknowledgments that I turn to in what follows.

Distinctive Pattern of Cognitive Disorders During Multiple Sclerosis Relapse and Recovery Based on Computerized CANTAB Tests.

Background: Cognition may be affected at least as seriously as physical function during multiple sclerosis (MS) relapse, however MS relapse related cognitive disorders are still underdiagnosed and poorly characterized. The limited number of paper-pencil tests were used for assessment, and nevertheless, some significant changes were found. Unlike the paper-pencil tests, computerized batteries and tests are more sensitive and highly standardized, produce instant scoring and can minimize the learning and practice effects on follow-up. We investigated the cognition during MS relapse with the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB), which has shown sensitivity to cognitive dysfunction across different clinical groups, including patients with MS.Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the cognitive functions with CANTAB battery in MS patients during relapse, in stable MS patients, and healthy controls, and to establish the timing and pattern of cognitive recovery after relapse.Methods: Sixty relapsing, thirty stable MS patients, and thirty controls were assessed with CANTAB. The relapse group was assessed during multiple sclerosis relapse and 1 and 3 months after the first assessment.Results: The score of the difficult task of spatial planning was worse in MS relapse group than in MS stable group (p < 0.05). The scores of medium difficulty tasks of spatial planning, episodic visual recall and working memory were worse in the relapse group than in the control group (p < 0.05), while in stable MS and control groups, the scores of these tasks didn't differ. The most significant improvement of speed of response, spatial planning, episodic visual recall memory and spatial working memory, was established at 1 month after the first assessment, additional improvement of spatial planning and working memory was observed at 3 months after the first assessment.Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that cognitive function is affected during MS relapse. The difficult task of CANTAB battery, which assesses the spatial planning, showed MS relapse related cognitive dysfunction. The changes in scores of episodic visual recall and working memory may be related to MS relapse. A significant improvement in the speed of response, spatial planning, episodic visual recall and working memory was established at 1 month after MS relapse. The additional improvement in spatial planning for the most difficult task and working memory was observed at 3 months after MS relapse. It may be possible that the practice effect had the impact on the improvement of cognitive scores that was noted in relapsing MS patients.

Variational learning the SDC quantum protocol with gradient-based optimization

Recently, a variational learning approach is adopted to discover quantum communication protocols (Wan et al. in npj Quantum Inf 3:36, 2017). Because designing quantum protocols manually is a delicate and difficult work, this variational learning approach is well worth further study. In this paper, we use the same approach to learn the simultaneous dense coding (SDC) protocols with two or three receivers. The gradient-based optimization is used to learn the parameters of the locking operator of the SDC protocol. Two different designs of the loss function are considered. Numerical experiment results show the effectiveness of this variational learning approach.

Why not nursing? Perceptions of the nursing job by young people of high schools – preliminary study

Abstract Aim. The work aimed at evaluating the interest in learning nursing profession among students of high schools. Material and methods. The research comprised a group of 307 students from high schools. The research has been conducted between January - April 2018. The methods used were the diagnostic survey method. The self-construction questionnaire and the-questionnaire - List of Personal Values by Z. Juczyński were also used. Results. The willingness to start learning the profession of a field nurse has been declared only by 2 persons. 13% of students considered nursing studies as a substitute field of study. The factors that discourage the young to learn the profession include low remuneration, specificity of the profession that implies “dirty and difficult work”, low social esteem for the profession, The students, who more often identify the profession of a nurse as prestigious, declared interest in learning that profession (p&lt;0,001). Conclusions. Interest in the profession of a field nurse is very low. It is necessary to start promoting the profession in order to make the young perceive it as more attractive.

농촌지역 취약계층의 주택수선 현황 - 한국농촌건축학회 ｢농어촌 집 고쳐주기 봉사활동｣을 중심으로 -

This research aimed to identify characteristics of housing repairs for the weak class in rural area. Data are analyzed by the status according to year focusing on voluntary activity of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture that is performing more than 10 years. The results are followings. First, approximately 63.3% of residents living in benefit houses are 70s and 80s in their age. They are weak in financial and physical and they have more than two weak points. Second, housing repairs were performed total 1,990 cases among 797 houses and average 2.5 cases per one house. Repair work in house interior is at the highest, the next is repair work in kitchen, repair work related to restroom, repair work for housing structure improvement, and repair work for insulation in order. Third, repair work required difficult work process and high cost is tend to decrease recently. However, work changing of wallpaper and papered floor and performing in outside is tend to increase because it has simple work process and low cost. Finally, barrier free needs to be more actively reflected for the weak class in rural area.

The effects of male out-migration on household food security in rural Nepal

In Nepal, international migration is a highly gendered phenomenon. Compared to global figures, where women make up about half of the world’s migrant population, 90% of Nepalese migrants are men. Many of these men migrate alone to earn wages abroad while their families stay behind. This level of male out-migration in Nepal occurs in a context characterized by widespread food insecurity. This paper examines the effects of male out-migration on household food security, especially on the women who stay behind, in the mountains of Far West Nepal. Our findings from in-depth interviews and focus group discussions suggest that male out-migration both alleviates and exacerbates households’ experiences of insufficient quantity and inadequate quality of food, and uncertainty and worry about food. Migration can benefit households that stay behind through remittances which help cover basic expenses, and by facilitating access to loans and credit, and alleviating anxiety about having enough to eat. However, it comes at high costs. Men report undignified, unsafe, and difficult working conditions in India. Women bear additional childcare, fieldwork, and housework responsibilities. Limited male agricultural labor also hampers agricultural productivity and increases households’ reliance on markets to meet basic needs. Drawing on gender- and caste-specific findings, our study highlights the importance of looking beyond the financial aspects of migration when examining its effects on food security.

Study of antigorite Crystal Cell Parameters Changing with Temperature and Pressure by TEM

AbstractTo determine the P‐T conditions of serpentinite without any specific metamorphic minerals is a difficult work, because the main mineral antigorite could stable at a wide P‐T range of about 400–700°C, 10–50 kbar. Observations from natural rocks and high‐pressure experiments both suggest that the length of a‐axis of antigorite (can calculate as m value) is related to temperature and pressure, which could be used as a thermobarometer. However, some researchers disagree with this point. In this study, transmission electron microscope (TEM) technique is used to measure the crystal structure of antigorite obtained by whole‐rock system high pressure experiments, and then compare with the experimental results in the predecessors’ MgO‐SiO2‐H2O (MSH) system, to find out the correlation between m value of antigorite and P‐T conditions in the whole‐rock system. According to this study, several conclusions have been drawn: (1) the m value of antigorite is elevated with increasing pressure; (2) the increase content of aluminum in antigorite migrate the m values to high temperature field; (3) as the temperature rises, the m value of antigorite decreases, and the water content increases.

Dwelling together: Psalm 133 and the Songs of Ascents

Psalm 133 is the penultimate psalm of a collection within the Psalter entitled the “Songs of Ascents.” Its idyllic picture of community comes at the close of a collection of hymns and prayers in which the reader is invited to praise, lament, contemplate the past, and gather together for worship. In considering the issue of polarization in the church and in society, this psalm collection offers one model for dwelling together in a world in which fracturing is the easier path, arguing that in order to dwell together, we must first do the difficult work of journeying together.