Over last ten years, the clinical significance of real-time elastography or sonoelastography (SEG) has been widely discussed for the discovery of thyroid cancer. However, there is no works which revealed the relation between parameters of SEG and endocrine status of the patients for improving of diagnostic value of this method; this issue was the aim of our study. 81 patients (20 - benign adenomas and 61 - thyroid cancer (TC): 13 - follicular and 48 - papillary) were evaluated prospectively. Mean age was 48.0 ± 16.4 years. It was shown that the blue colour or 4-5 elastotype of SEG was mainly discovered in TC vs adenoma (65.6% vs 20.0% χ2 = 12.61, р = 0.0004). At the same time, the Strain Ratio more than 3.0 was frequently revealed in TC patients vs adenoma (57.4% vs 40.0%) but it did not reach level of significance (χ2 = 1,83, р = 0,18). Parameters of the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were equal 90.2%, 60.0% and 82.7% for SEG, and 96.7%, 40.0% and 82.7% for fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), respectively. The combination of 38 SEG with FNAB or with body mass index increased specificity of SEG by 65% and 70%, respectively. The combination of SEG with another measures of hormone-metabolic status (glucose level, TSH, thyroglobulin, etc) did not improve diagnostic accuracy of SEG. In result, SEG was slightly more specific than FNAB in predicting malignancy of the thyroid nodules. The specificity of SEG could be increased by combination with both FNAB and anthropometry. Further improvement of presurgical diagnosis of TC, especially follicular TC, could be possibly reached via the combination of cytological, hormonal, genetic and instrumental methods, including shear wave elastography.